EMOIRS

CONTENES.

No. 1.

Index Hepaticarum. Part I.—Bibliography.
ood. (Issued June 10, 1893), . . . .
No. 2.

SUC ege of southwestern Virginia “dus
K. Small and Anna Murray Vail. nere Nov.
+ (Plates 75-83, 0°,» Ka

No. er

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Apul ay Rosy BONUM a ES ae

MEMOIRS

OF THE

TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB.

VOL. IV, * NO. 1.

INDEX HEPATICARUM.

PART L—BIBLIOGRAPHY.

BY

LUCIEN MARCUS UNDERWOOD

ISSUED JUNE 10, 1893.

PRICES | 7 > 75 CENTS.

MEMOIRS

TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB.

Vol. IV. No. I.

Index to Hepaticarum—Part 1.
By Lucien MARCUS UNDERWOOD.

. The last general synopsis of the Hepaticæ was published by
Gottsche, Nees and Lindenberg, forty-six years ago (No. 315),
and with the single exception of a review of the literature of the
decade 1847-58 (No.'297), no general bibliography of any con-
siderable period has ever been published. The literature is yearly
growing more formidable, and the need of an index is seen in the
frequent duplication of names and descriptions. It is desirable,
therefore, to take our bearings in order that we know more clearly
the nature and extent of our publications. The intended purpose
of this index is: (1) To present an author catalogue of the publi-
cations relating to this group, supplemented by a topical index for
the purpose of more ready reference; (2) An index of all the
species described, with a reference of each to the genera recog-
nized at the present time; and (3) A classified arrangement of the
species to show our present knowledge of their geographic dis-
tribution. The first of these we present herewith. That it is
entirely complete we cannot reasonably hope, yet we believe it
fairly represents the literature bearing on the subject to the close
of the year 1892. We shall gladly receive notice of any omission
or needed correction. It is hoped that the further parts will not
be long delayed.

While the greater part of the more important literature is in
our own possession, access to several rare papers has been possible
only through the kindness of the authorities of the library of Co-
lumbia College, the Gray Herbarium, and the Royal Herbarium

2

at Kew. In addition, lists of the published papers of prominent
. living contributors to the literature have been sent to the authors
themselves, who have kindly corrected the lists of their publica-
tions. For the verification of some of the titles I am further in-
debted to Prof. A. B. Seymour, of Cambridge, Mass., and Mr. A.
W. Evans, of New Haven, Conn.

G T LE, INDIANA, 6 Feb. 1893.

Bibliography.

Abeleven, Th. A. H. J

1— Flora van Nymegen. Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief, 2d ser.
v. 552 (1889)

(List of 30 Hepaticæ.)
Angstróm, Johan. Lógdó (Medelpad), Sweden, 24 Sept. 1813;

t Ornskoldsvik, 19 Jan. 1879

2—Dispositio Muscorum in Scandinavia hucusque cognitorum. r2mo.
pp. 33; Upsala (1842).

3—Fôrteckning och beskrifning öfver Mossor, samlade af Professor N.
J. Andersson under Fregatten Eugenies verldsomsegling aren 1851-53.
Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Forhandl. 1872, No. 4, 3-29;
1873, No. 5, 113-151.

(Includes Hepaticæ from Straits of nue New Holland, Sandwich Is., Gala-
pagos Is., Tahiti, Mauritius and St. Helena.)

4—Ráttelser och tillägg till aee och beskrifning ófver Mossor,
samlade af Prof. N. J. Andersson under Fregatten Eugenies verldsom-
segling 1851-53. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Forhandl.
1876, No. 4, 50—55.

5—Primz lined muscorum cognoscendorum, qui ad Caldas Brasiliæ
sunt collecte. II. Hepaticæ. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad.
Forhandl. 1876, No. 7, 77-92.
Anzi, M.

6—Enumeratio Hepaticarum quas in provinciis Novo-Comensi et
Sondriensi collectarum. 4to, pp. 19, Milan (1882).
Arcangeli, Giovanni. Florence, Italy, 18 July, 1840.

7—Sopra alcune Crittogame raccolte nel Piceno e nell’ Abruzzo. Atti
delle Soc. Tosc. di Scienze Nat. (Pisa), V, 243-246 (1887).
" 8——Elenco delle Muscinee fino ad ora raccolte al Monte Amiata.
Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xxi. 465-475 (1889).

g—Sopra alcune Epatiche raccolte in Calabria. Nuovo Giorn. Bot.
Ital. xxi. 535—537 (1889).

EE eee” FF a eee COR NE Ba T E AT Neer NC Tr

MEER ELE e West E n
ME Galen ONE ER DA nl RC C EEG vey ee e

— —

DOMENUS NITE ina ns 1 e e e E
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p^

3

ga—Muscinee raccolte di recente nell’ Italia meridionale. Nuovo
Giorn. Bot. Ital. xxiv. 213-220 (1892).
(Stations of 6 species of Hepaticæ.)

Ardissone, F. See Bottini, A.

Ardissone, F., Baglietto, Cesati, de Notaris, Gennari ¢¢ al.

10—Erbario Crittogamico Italiano. Fasc. r—xx (Nos. 1—1,000)
(1858—1863): Series II. Fasc 1— xxx (Nos. 1—1,500) (1858—1885).

(Contains many Hepatic«.)
Arnell, Hampus Wilhelm. Hernosand, Sweden, 2 Aug. 1848.

See also Lindberg, S. O.

11—Spridda et bidrag. Bot. Notiser, 8-15 (1876).

12—-Bryological Notes from the Meetings of the Society pro Fauna et
Flora Fennica. Rev. Bryol. ix. 81-85 (1882); x. 74-76, 87-89 (1883).

(Summary of Lindberg's new species.)

13—Bryologiska notiser fran Vesternorrlands làn. Bot. Notiser, 89—
94 (1886)

14—Bryologiska notiser fran det smäländska hoglandet. Bot. No-
tiser, 123-129 (1886.

15— Trichocolea tomentella, Ehrh. in Schweden fertil gefunden. Bot.
Notiser, 192 (1887).

16—Om nägra Jungermania ventricosa, Dicks. narstaende Lefver-
mossarter. Bot. Notiser, 97—104 (1890).

17—Jungermania Medelpadica nov. spec. Rev. Bryol. xviii. 12, 13
(1891).

18—/ungermania Medelpadica, Arn. Bot. Notiser, 133—135, t. II.
(1891).

19—Lebermoosstudien im nordlichen Norwegen. 4to. pp. 44, Jön-
kóping (1892).

(List of 115 species, with stations in full.)
Arnold, Frederick.

20—The Flora of West Yorkshire. 8vo. London (1888).

(108 species of Hepaticæ recorded with stations in full, pp. 601—628.)
Arrondeau.

21— Catalogue des Hépatiques observées dans le Morbihan. 8vo. 1
pl, Vannes (1872).
Arthur, Joseph Charles. Lowville, N. Y., 11 Jan. 1850.

22—Report on Botanical Work in Minnesota for the year 1886. 8vo.
PP- 56, St. Paul (1887).

(9 species of Hepaticæ recorded, p. 26.)

Askenasy, E.

23—Wachsthum der Fruchtstiele von Pea epiphylla. Tagebl. der
Versam. deutscher Naturf. und Ærzte zu Wiesbaden, xlvi. (1873); Bot.
Zeitung, xxii, 237 (1874).
Austin, Coe Finch. Closter, N. J., 20 June 1831; + Closter, N. J.,

18 March 188o.

24—Characters of some new Hepaticæ (mostly North American) to-
gether with notes on a few imperfectly described species. Proc. Phila.
Acad. 218-234 (1869).

(Describes 39 new species.)

25—New Hepaticæ. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, iii. 9-18 (1872).

(Describes 17 new species.)

26—Hepaticæ Boreali-Americanæ exsiccatæ. Closter, N. J. (1873).

(176 specimens of North American Hepaticæ, Nos. 1-150; the tickets of the speci-
mens were also published in pamphlet form.)

27—Sandwich Islands Hepaticæ. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, v. 14-18
(1874).

(Describes 13 new species.)

28—New Hepaticæ. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, vi. 17-21 (1875).

(Describes 13 new species.)

29—Notes on the Anthocerotaceæ of North America, with descriptions
of several new species. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, vi. 25-29 (1875).

(Describes 9 new species.)

30—Notes on the genus Pellia. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, vi. 29, 30
(1875).

31—New Hepaticæ. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, vi. 46, 47 (1875).

(Describes 3 new species.)

32—Notes and Criticisms on Hepaticæ Americanæ exsiccatæ. Bull.
Torrey Bot. Club, vi. 85 (1876).

33—Notes on Hepaticology. Bot. Bulletin (now Bot. Gazette), i. 31,
32; 35 36 (1876).

( Describes 11 new species.)

34—New Hepatice. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, vi. 157, 158 (1877).

(Describes 4 new species.) .

35—Notes [on ates. biseriata (?)]. Bot. Gazette, ii. 142 (1877).

( Proves to be an Erpodium :

36—Hepatice, in U. s. Geog. and Geol. Surveys west of the rooth
Meridian, v. Botany (1877).

(List of 15 species from Colorado and the Southwest, p. 350.)

37—Notes on Hepaticology. Bot. Gazette, iii. 6, 7 (1878).

(Describes 2 new species.)

oA rur A ye ie N

5

38—Notes on Hepaticology. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, vi. 301-306
(1879)

(Describes 10 new species.)
Ayres, Ph. B.

39—List of the Cryptogamic plants of Oxfordshire. Hepaticæ. Phytol-
ogist, 1,702 (1843).
Balbis, Giovanni Battista. Moretta, Piemont, Italy, 17 Nov. 1765.

+ Turin, 13 Feb. 1831.

40—Sur trois nouvelles especes d'Hépatique a ajouter a la Flore du
Piemont. Mem. Accad. (Turin), x. 73-77 (1802-3).

41—Flore Lyonnaise ou description des plantes qui croissent dans les
environs de Lyon et sur le Mont-Pilat. 8vo. Lyon (1828).

(Hepaticæ, Vol. ii, pp. 82-101.)
Balfour.

42—[Description of Adelanthus Carringtonii.] Trans. Bot. Soc.
Edinb. x. 378-382 (1870).
Barbey, William.

43— Flora Sardoæ Compendium. 4 to. Lausanne (1884).

(List of Sardinian Hepaticæ, pp. 81, 82, 200, 201.)
Barcelo y Combis, Francisco.

44—Flora de las Islas Baleares. 8vo. pp. 702. Palma (1879-81).

(List of 8 Hepaticæ, pp. 532, 533.)
Baroni, A.

45—Sopra alcune Crittogame raccolte dal Prof. R. Spigai presso
Costantinopli. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xxiii, 306—313 (1891).
Bastow, R. A.

46—Jungermania reticulata. Papers and Proc. Roy. Soc. Tasmania,
1885, 311, 312 (1886).
Papers and Proc. Roy. Soc.

Tasmania, 1887, 36, 37 (1888).

48—Tasmanian Hepaticæ. Papers and Proc. Roy. Soc. Tasmania,
1887, 209-289, Pl. I-XLIII (1888).

(Contains descriptions of all Tasmanian species known to date.)
Battandier, A. et Trabut, L.

49—Atlas de la Flore d'Alger. Fasc. I, 4to., pp. 16, 11 tab. (1886).
Bauer, P. M.

5o—Uebersicht der Laub-und Lebermoose und der Farrn in Grossher-
zogthum Hessen. Oberhessischen Bericht, 61-82 (1857).

(List of 9o Hepaticæ.)

6

Bauhin, Kaspar. Basel, Switzerland, 17 Jan. 1560. + Basel, 5

Dec. 1624.

51—Prodromus Theatri botanici, in quo plante supra sexcente ab
ipso primum descripte cum plurimis figuris proponuntur. 4to., pp. 160
(1620).

(Contains description of a single hepatic which Lindberg identifies with Preissia.)
Bayrhoffer, Johann David Wilhelm. Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany,

25 Oct. 1793. t Lorch-am-Rhein, 17 Dec. 1868.

52—Uebersicht der Moose, Lebermoose, und Flechten des Taunus.
Jahrb. des nassauischen Vereins für Naturk. V. (1849). (Sep. 8vo.
pp. iv. 101. Wiesbaden (1849).)

Beardslee, Henry Curtis. Monroe, Conn., 2 July 1807. f Paines-

ville, Ohio, 20 Dec. 1884.

53—Catalogue of the Plants of Ohio, including Flowering Plants,
Ferns, Mosses and Liverworts. 8vo., pp. 19, Painesville (1874).

(List of 61 Hepaticæ.)

54— List of Hepaticæ growing in Ohio. Bot. Bulletin (now Bot. Ga-
zette), i. 22 (1876). .

(Same list as preceding title.)

Beck, Günther.

55— Uebersicht der bisher bekanten Kryptogamen Niederósterreichs.
Verhandl. des zool.-bot. Gesellsch. (Wien), xxxvii. 253-378 (1887).
Beck, Günther et Szyszylowicz, Ign.

56—Plante a Dre. Ign Szyszylowicz in itinere per Cernagaram et in
Albania adjacente anno 1886 lecte. Schrift. der Krakauer. Akad.
(1888).

(List of Hepaticæ, pp. 15-22.)
Beckhaus.

57—Hepaticæ in Hóxler: Beitrage zur Cryptogamenflora Westpha-
lens. Verhandl. des naturw. Vereins der Preuss. Rheinl. und West-
phalens, xxx. 12-28 (1856).

Belanger, Charles. Paris, France, 29 May 1805.

58—Voyage aux Indes-orientales par le nord de l'Europe, les prov-
inces du Caucase, la Georgie, l'Armenie, et la Perse pendent les années
1825-29. Botanique, Seconde partie. 8vo., pp. 192, 16 tab. in 4to.,
Paris (1846).

Bellardi, Carlo Antonio Lodovico. Cigliano, Piemont, Italy, 3o July

1741. T Turin, 4 May 1826.

59—Appendix ad Floram Pedemontanam. Act. Taur. v. 209-286
(1792).

aa TREE ah u ERES NO SR Ce E cem MESS E A ae UR gr po rs B tue fie

1

Bennett, Alfred W., and Murray, George.

60—A Handbook of Cryptogamic Botany. 8vo., pp. 473, London

(1889).

(General account of the Hepaticæ, pp. 156-172.)

Bennett, James Lawrence. Providence, R. L, 8 April 1832.

61— Plants of Rhode Island. 8 vo. pp. 128, Providence (1888).
(List of 75 Hepaticæ, pp. 66-69.)

Berggren, Sven. Höör (Skane), Sweden, 12 August 1837.
62—lakttagelser öfver Mossornas könlösa fortplantning genom grodd-

knoppar och med dem analoga bildningar. Lund Univ. Arsskrift, L

1—30, pl. I.-IV. (1864)
63—Bidrag till Skandinaviens Bryologi. Lund Univ. Arsskrift, ii.

1—30, pl. I. (1865).
64—Ueber die Giftigkeit einiger Lebermoose. Oesterr. Bot. Zeit-

schrift, xix. 123, 124 (1869).
65—Bryologiska skizzer frán Norges kusttrakter. Bot. Notiser, 39—

49, 65-75 (1872).
66—Musci et Hepaticæ Spetsbergenses. Kongl. Svenska Vet.-Akad.

Handl., xiii. No. 7, 1—103 (1875).

(List of 40 Hepaticæ, pp. 96-103.)

67—Undersókning af mossfloran vid Disko-Bugten och Auleitsivikf- `
jorden i Grónland. Kongl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., xiii. No. 8,
1—46 (1875)

(List of 40 Hepaticæ.)

Berkeley, Miles Joseph. Biggin, Parish Oundle, Northampton, Eng-
land, r April 1803. + Market Harborough, 30 July 1889.
68—Introduction to Cryptogamic Botany. 8vo. pp. 604, London

(1857)

(General account of the Hepaticz, pp. 430-461; Cronisia n. g. p. 434 note.)

Bernert, Henri.
69—Sarcoscyphus adustus, Gottsche, var. heterophyllus. Rev. Bryol.

Xil. 47, 48, 62 (1885).
70—Catalogue des Hépatiques du sud-ouest, de la Suisse et de la

Haute-Savoie. 8vo. pp. 1 135, 4 pl. Geneve (1888).

Berthoumien, V., et Du Buysson, R.
71—Mousses et Hépatites de l’Allier. Rev. de Botanique, ii. 2-30

(1883).

Bertoloni, Antonio. Sarzana, Italy, 11 Feb. 1775. Bologna, 17
April 1869. |

8

72— Observationes Botanice. Opusc. Scien. di Bologna, i. 57-80,
145—160, 229-243 (181

73—Ameenitates Italice sistentes opuscula ad rem herbarium et Zo-
ologiam Italie spectantia. 4to, pp. 472, 6 tab. Bononiæ (1819).

Berzelius Society.

74—Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Higher Cryptogams grow-
ing without Cultivation within Thirty Miles of Yale College. 8vo. pp.
72, New Haven (1878).

(Includes list of Hepaticz.)
Bescherelle, Emile. Paris, France, 3 Jan. 1828.

75—Enumération des hépatiques récoltées au Tonkin par M. Balansa
et déterminées par M. Stephani. Rev. Bryol. xix. 13-15 (1892).

Bescherelle, E., et Massalongo, C.
76—Hepaticæ nove americanæ-australes. Bull. de la Soc. Linn.
(Paris) 626-632, 637-640 (1886). [Sep. pp. 11.]

(List of 19 Hepaticæ, of which 12 are new.)

77—Hépatiques récoltées par la Mission francaise du Cap Horn au
1882 et 1883. Comptes rendus de la Mission Scientifique du Cap

om, V. 201—252, t. i.—v. (1889).

(12 new species in a list of 88 species. )
Bescherelle, E., et Roze, Ernest.

78— Un exsiccata des Muscinées des Environs de Paris. (Mousses et
Hépatiques.) 10 Fasc. (250 especes), Paris (1861-1866)
Bescherelle, E., et Spruce, R.

79—Hépatiques nouvelles des Colonies Francaises, Bull. de la Soc.
Bot. de France, xxxvi. clxxvi.-clxxxix. pl. XIII.-XVII. (1889)

(New species from Guadeloupe, French Guiana, New Caledonia and Reunion Is.)
Bessey, Charles Edwin. Milton, Ohio, 21 May, 1845.

8o— Preliminary Lists of the Protophytes, Zygophytes, Oophytes,
Carpophytes and Bryophytes of the Ames Flora. Bull. Bot. Dept. Iowa `
Agric. Coll. 133-150 (1884).

(List of 6 Hepaticz, p. 149.

81—Botany for High Schools and Colleges. 8vo, pp. 611, New
York (1880); 6th edition (1889).

(General account of Hepaticæ, pp. 341—351.)

Bischoff, Gottlieb Wilhelm. Burkheim, Germany, 1797. + Heidel-

berg, 11 Sept. 1854.

82—Beobachtungen über Spherocarpus terrestris, Michel Acta
Acad. Cæs. Leop. Carol. Nat. Cur. xiii. 829-838, t. XLIV. (1827).

MA SEO LT d Leon

9

83—De Hepaticis imprimis tribuum Marchantiearum et Ricciearum,
commentatio. 4to. pp. 40, 1 tab. Heidelberg (1834).

84—De Hepaticis imprimis tribuum Marchantiearum et Ricciearum,
commentatio. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 2nd Ser., iv. 309-313 (1835).

85— Bemerkungen über die Lebermoose, vorzüglich aus den Gruppen
der Marchantieen und Riccieen. Acta Acad. Cæs. Leop. Carol. Nat.
Cur. xvii. 2, 911-1088, t. LXVIL-LXXI. (1835). [Sep. pp. 180.]

86—Ueber die Lebermoose. Oken: Isis, 749, 750 (1836).

87—Bemerkungen zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der Lebermoose. Bot.
Zeitung, xi. 113-123 (1853).

88—Remarques sur l'organogenie des Hépatiques. Ann. des Sc.
Nat., 3rd Ser., xix. 232-240; xx. 57-64, t. 9 (1853).

Bischoff, G. W,, und Nees von Esenbeck, C. G.

89—Znnularia alpina und Corsinia lamellosa, zwei neue europäische
Lebermoose. Flora, xiii. 393-404 (1830).

Bloomfield, E. N.

90—Hepaticæ of Suffolk. Journ. of Bot. xxiii. 308-310 (1885).

(List of 42 Hepaticæ.)

Boatman, Nana Ball. Brandonville, W. Va., 14 May, 1871.

91. The genus Metzgeria in the United States, with notes on the
asexual reproduction. Bull. De Pauw Sci. Assoc. i, 1-4 (1892).

Bolander, Henry N. Schluchtern (Hesse), Germany, 22 Feb. 1831.

92. A Catalogue of the Plants growing in the vicinity of San Fran-
cisco. 4to, pp. 43, San Francisco (1870).

(List of 30 Californian Hepaticze.?

Bobart, Jakob (Son). + Oxford, England, circa, 1715.

93— Plantarum historiæ universalis Oxoniensis. Pars tertia, post auctoris
mortem (f 1683) expleta et absoluta a Jacobo Bobartio. Cum vita
Morrisoni. Fol. pp. 657, Oxon. (169

(Notes two Hepaticæ which Lindberg lin with Mylia Taylori and Fung.
riparia.)

Bory de St. Vincent, Jean Baptiste Marcellin. Agen, France, 1780.

T Paris, 22 Dec. 1846

94—Expedition Scientifique de Morée. Tome iii. 4to. et Atlas, folio.
Paris (1832).

Bory de Saint-Vincent, J. B. M. et Montagne,

95—Note sur un nouveau genre de la Famille des a. (Du-
riæa). Comptes Rendus des Seances de l'Acad. des Sciences, xvi.
1112-1116 (1843).

10

96— Sur un noveau genre de la Famille des Hépatiques. Ann. des
Sc. Nat. i. 223-235 (1844). [Sep. pp. 13.]

Boswell, Henry.

97—Oxfordshire Mosses. Jour. of Bot. xxiii. 3-7 (1885).

98— Jamaica Mosses and Hepatice. Jour. of Bot. xxv. 45-50
(1887).

(List of 38 species; Scapania grandis n. sp.)

Botanical Record Club. E
99—The London Catalogue of British Plants, 2d ed. 8vo., London
(1881).

(List of 192 species of Hepaticæ, pp. 21-29.)

Bottini, A. See also Pichi.
100-Muscinee raccolte all Gorgona. Atti della Soc. Tosc. di Sc. Nat. —

V. 235—248 (1887). i
ror—Muscinee dell Isola del Giglio. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xix. |

265-275 (1887).

Bottini, A., Massalongo, C., et Ardissone, F.

102— Quali sieno le condizioni attuali della geografia crittogamica in
Italia e quali i mezzi che potreffero migliovarle Relazioni. Atti del —
Cong. Nazion. di bot. critt. in Parma, 5-32 (1887). P
Boucher, Jules Armand Guillaume. Parvy-le-Monial, France, 26 July

1757. T Abbeville, 24 Nov. 1844. 3

103—Flora d'Abbeville. Ed. III. 8vo. pp. 116. Abbeville (1834).
Boulay, L'abbé. m

104—Flore Cryptogamique de l'Est. (Mousses, Sphaignes, Hépat-
iques.) 8vo. pp. 880, Paris (1872). E
Braithwaite, R.

105—4A new British Riccia. Grevillea, i. 144 (1873).

Branner, John Casper. New Market, Tenn., 4 July, 1850.

Branner, J. C., and Coville, F. V.
106—A List of the Plants of Arkansas. Ann. Report of the Geol

Survey of Ark. for 1888, iv. 155-252 (1890).

(List of 11 species of Hepaticæ, pp. 241, 242.)

Braun, Alexander. Regensburg, Germany, 10 May 1805. + Berlin,
29 March 187;.
107—Bemerkungen über einige Lebermoose. Flora, oder Bot. Zei

tung, iv. 754-757 (1821).

11

Brebisson, L. Alphonse de. Falaise, France, 1798.1
108—Hépatiques de la Normandie. 8vo. pp. 18, Falaise (1840).

Brendel, Frederick. Erlangen, Germany, 20 Jan. 1820.

109—Flora Peoriana. Die Vegetation im Clima von Mittel-Illinois.
Természetrajzi Füzetek, v. 299-405 (1882). [Sep. pp. 107.]

(Includes list of Hepaticæ.)
Briard, M.

110—Catalogue des Plantes observées jusqu'a ce jour dans le departe-
ment de l'Aube. Mem. de la Soc. Acad. de l’Aube. [Sep. pp. 360.]

(Contains a list of 18 Hepaticæ.)
Brin, et Camus, F.

111—Notice Bryologique sur les environs de Cholet. Rev. Bryol.
vi. 11-14(1879).
Britton, Nathaniel Lord. New Dorp (Staten Island), N. Y., 15 Jan.

1859.

112A Preliminary Catalogue of the Flora of New Jersey. 8vo. pp.
233, New Brunswick (1881).

(List of Hepaticæ, compiled by C. F. Parker, from the collections of C. F. Austin.)

113—Catalogue of Plants found in New Jersey. Final Report Geol.
Survey New Jersey, ii. Part I. 25-642. Trenton (1890).

(List of 81 Hepaticæ, pp. 346-356.)
Brizi, Ugo. Ancona (Marche), Italy, 28 Feb. 1868.

114—Prima contribuzione all'Epaticologia Romana. Malpighia, iii.
176—186 (1889).

115— Seconda contribuzione all'Epaticologia Romana. Malpighia,
iii. 326—332 (1889). e

116—Contribuzione all'Epaticologia duin. Malpighia, iii. 414—
425 (1890).

117—Frullania dilatata, var. Briziana Mass. Malpighia, iv. 362
(1890).

117 a—Epatiche nella güida della Provincia Romana, 170-230 (1890).
Broeck, H. van den.

118—Catalogue des plantes observées aux environs d’Anvers. Bull.
Soc. Roy. de Bot. de Belgique, xxii. 112-173 (1885).

(List of 37 Hepaticæ.)
Brotero, Felix de Avellar. Santo Antäo de Tojah, Portugal, 25 Nov.
1744. T Acolena de Belem, 4 Aug. poen

119—Flora Lusitanica. Pars II. o. Olisipone dion

(List of Hepatic, pp. 421-430; PC pense asit

12 1

Brotherus, V. F.

120—Anteckningar till Norra Tavastlands Flora. Notiser ur Sällsk.
pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. xiii. (1871-4).

(List of 48 Hepaticæ.)

121—Enumeratio Muscorum Caucasi. Acta Soc. Scien. Fenn. xix.
I-170 (1892).

(List of 94 Hepaticæ ; describes 4 new species.)

Brunand, Paul.

122—Liste des plantes phanérogames et cryptogames spontanement 3
aux environs de Saintes. Actes de la Soc. Linn. de Bordeaux, xxxii.
(1878).

(List of 21 Hepaticæ.)

ài
b

Bruttan,

123—Ueber Lebermoose. Sitzungsber. der Naturf.-Gesellsch. zu
Dorpat, vii. 183, 184 (1884).

(List of 54 Hepaticæ.)

124—Drei für die Ostzeeprovinzen neue Lebermoose. Sitzungsber.
der Natur.-Gesellsch. zu Dorpat, vii. 343 (1885.)

125—Bericht über eine in hepaticologischer Hinsicht auf der Kur-
ischen Halbinsel und an der Düna ausgeführte Excursion im Sommer
1887. Sitzungsber. der Naturf.-Gesellsch. zu Dorpat, viii. 299-304
(1887.)

126—Ueber einheimische Lebermoose Verzeichniss der in den bal-
tischen Provinzen Russlands vorkommenden resp. bisher aufgefundenen

rmoose. Sitzungsber. der Naturf.-Gesellsch. zu Dorpat, ix. (1891.)

Bryhn, N

127—Scapania crassiretis sp. nov. Rev. Bryol. xix. 7, 8 (1892).
Buchanan, John.

128—Notes on the Flora of the Province of Wellington, with a list of
plants collected therein. Trans. and Proc. New Zealand Inst. for 1873,
210—235 (1874).

(List of 86 Hepaticæ.)
Burckel, Georges.

128a3— Catalogue des Hépatiques et des Mousses Alu Bull. de .
la Soc. d'Hist. Nat. de Colmar, nouv. ser. i. 1-58 (1892).
Buttner, Richard.

129—Einige Ergebnisse meiner Reise in West Afrika in den Jahren ©
1884-86, imbesondere des Landmarsches von San Salvador über den `

13

Quango nach dem Stanley-Pool. Mitt. des Afrik. Gesellsch. v. 253
(1889).

(Two new species described by Stephani.)

Buxbaum, Johann Christian. Merseburg, Germany, 5 Oct. 1693.
T Wermsdorf bei Merseburg, 17 July 1730.

130—Plantarum minus cognitarum centuriae, complectens plantas
circa Byzantium et in Oriente observatas. Centuriae I. et II. 4to. Pe-
tropoli (1728).

(Descriptions and figures of 5 species of Hepaticæ under name of “ Lichen.")

Campbell, Douglas Houghton. LE CHENE pies. , 16 Des 1859.
131—Zur Entwickelungsgescl i Berl. Deutsch.
Bot. Gesellsch. v. 120—127, t. VI. (1887).
(Includes notes on Pellia epiphylla.)
132—On the Relationships of the Archegoniata. Bot. Gazette, xvi.
323-333 (1891)
Discusses the relations of Hepaticz to Algæ, Musci and Pteridophytes.)

Camus, Fernand. See also Brin.

133—Note sur les Mousses et les Hépatiques del'Isle-et-Vilaine. Rev.
Bryol. ix. 33-42 (1882).

134—Sur les Collections bryologiques du Musée régional de Cholet
(Maine-et-Loire). Bull. des Sciences, etc., de Cholet (1891).

134 a—Excursion bryologique à la tourbiére de la Fontaine du Four
dans la forét de Montmorency. Bull. dela Soc. Bot. de France, xxxviii.
172—179 (1892).

134 b—Sur le Riccia nigrella. Bull. de la Soc. Bot. de France,
xxxviii. 212—230 (1892)

134 C—Glanures bryologiques dans le Flore Parisienne. Bull. de la
Soc. Bot. de France, xxxviii. 286-294 (1892).

(Notes 37 Hepaticæ.)

Cardot, Jules.
135—Catalogue des Mousses et des Hépatiques récoltees aux environs
de Stenay et de Montmédy. 8vo., pp. 4o (1882).
136— Note Bryologique sur les environs d'Anvers. Rev. Bryol ix.
87-90 (1882); x. 71-73 (1883); xi. 24-26 (1884).
137—Contributions à la flore Bryologique de Belgique. Comptes
Rendus des Seances de la Soc. Roy. de Bot. de Belgique, xxv. Ves
(1886). d
138— Sur les Riccia Bischoffii Hüb. et R. nodosa ou. Rev. Bn. 2
xix. 49-53 (1892).

14

Carestia, Antoine. Riva-Valdobbia (Piemonte), Italy, 2 Feb. 1825.
See Massalongo, C.

Carrington, Benjamin. 18 Jan. 1893.

139—Gleanings among the Irish Cryptogams. Trans. Bot. Soc.
Edinb. vii. 370—372, 379—388 (1863).

140—lrish Hepaticæ. Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. vii. 441—458, pl.
X, XL (1863).

141—On two Hepaticæ new to Britain; Jungermannia saxicola, J.
Bartlingii. Manchester Lit. Phil. Soc. Proc. iv. 186—188 (1867).

142—Hepatice in Robert Brown's Florula Discoana. Trans. Bot.
Soc. Edinb. ix. 453, 454 (1868).

(List of 10 Greenland Hepaticæ.)

143—Dr. Gray’s Arrangement of the Hepaticæ. Trans. Bot. Soc.
Edinb. x. 305—309 (1870).

144—On two new British Hepaticæ. Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. x.
378—382 (1870).

145—New British Hepaticæ. Grevillea. ii. 85—88, pl. XVIII. (1873).

146-—British Hepaticæ, containing descriptions of the native species
of Jungermannia, Marchantia and Anthoceros. (Only four parts
issued). Pp. 88, pl. IL. —XVI. (1874—1876).

147—Notes on new British Hepaticæ. Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. xiii.
461—470, Pl. XVII., XVIII. (1879).

Carrington, B., and Pearson, W. H.

148—Hepatice Britanicæ exsiccatæ. Fasc. i. Nos. 1-75 (1878);
Fasc. ii. Nos. 76-150 (1879) ; Fasc. iii. Nos. 151-215 (1883); Fasc. iv.
Nos. 216-290 (1890).

149—List of Hepaticæ collected in Tasmania by Mr. R. A. Bastow,
F. L. S. Papers and Proc. Roy. Soc. Tasmania, 1887, 49-52 (1888).

150— Description of new or rare Tasmanian Hepatic. Papers and
Proc. Roy. Soc. Tasmania, 1887, 1—12 (1888). à

151—List of Hepaticæ collected by Mr. Thomas Whitelegge in New
South Wales, 1884-5. Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. ii. 1035-1060, pl. -
XXII.-XXXVII. (1887).

152—A new Hepatic. Jour. of Bot. xxvii. 225, t. CCXC (1889).
Carruthers, William.

153—On the nomenclature of the British Hepaticæ. Jour. of Bot. iii.
297—302 (1865).

(A discussion of the priority of generic names published by S. F. Gray in his « Ar- -
rangement of British Plants.")

15

Caspary, Robert.

154—Einige neue Pflanzenreste aus dem Samlandischen Bernstein.
Schrift. der köngl. Phys.-Oecon. Gesellsch. zu Königsberg, xxvi.
(1886).

(Describes 17 Hepaticæ found in amber.)

Chaubard, Louis Anastase. Agen, France, 17 Aug. 1785. + Paris,
13 Jan. 1854.

Chaubard, L. A., et Bory de Saint Vincent, J. B. M.

155—Nouvelle Flore du Péloponnése et des Cyclades. Fol. pp. 87,
tab. 42, Paris (1838).

Chaboisseau, T.

156— Notes sur plusiers espèces observées rivantes ou soumises a la cul-
ture. VIII. Sur quelques Hépatiques. Bull. de Soc. Bot. de France, x.
300, 301 (1863).

Chevallier, L.

157— Nouvelles localites du Sphærocarpus Michelii dans la Sarthe.
Rev. Bryol. iv. 19, 20 (1877).

158—Liste des Mousses et des Hépatiques recoltées dans la forêt des
Fanges le 16 Juin (1888).

Cobb, N. A

159—A List of Plants growing wild within thirty miles of Amherst,
Mass. 8vo. pp. 51, Northampton (1887).

(Includes list of Hepaticæ.)

Cogniaux, Alfred.

160 —Catalogue pour servir d’ introduction a une Monographie des
Hépatiques de Belgique. Bull. de la Soc. Roy. de Bot. de Belgique, —
(1872). [Sep. pp. 56.]

(List of 105 Hepatic.)

Colenso, William. Penzance, Cornwall, England, 17 Nov. 1811. See

also Stephani, F.

161—Description of a new species of Metzgeria. Trans. and Proc.
New Zealand Inst. xiii. 368-369 (1881).

(Des ribes M. rugulosa n

162—A description of a few new Plants from our New Zealand Forests. .
Jbid. xiv. 329-341 (1882).

(Describes Plagiochila subsimilis and Gymnanthe hirsutum, pp. 340, 341.).

163— Descriptions of a few new indigenous Plants. Bid. xv. ien
339 (1883). e

(Describes Symphyogyna biflora and Monoclea Hookeri, pp. 336-339.)

16

164—A further contribution toward making known the Botany of New
Zealand. Jdid. xvi. 325-363 (1884).

(Describes 20 Hepaticæ, pp. 349-361.)

165—A Description of some newly-discovered Cryptogamic Plants ;
being a further Contribution toward making known the Botany of New
Zealand. 7274. xvii. 237-265 (1885).

(Describes 7 new species of Hepaticæ, pp. 260-263.)

166— A Description of some newly-discovered Cryptogamic Plants;
being a further Contribution toward making known the Botany of. New
Zealand. dtd. xviii. 219-255 (1886).

(Describes 43 new species of Hepaticæ, pp. 236-255.)

167—A description of some newly-discovered Crytogamic Plants; be-
ing a further contribution toward making known the Botany of New
Zealand. did. xix. 271-301 (1887).

(Describes 40 new species of Hepaticæ, pp. 280-301.

168—On new indigenous Cryptogams of the Orders Lycopodiacex,
Musci and Hepaticæ. Jdid. xx. 234-254 (1888).

(Describes 21 new species of Hepaticæ, pp. 243-254).

169—A Description of some newly-discovered Cryptogamic Plants;
being a further contribution toward making known the Botany of New
Zealand. bid. xxi. 43-80 (1889).

(Describes 72 new species of Hepaticæ, pp. 47-79.)

170—A Description of some newly-discovered indigenous Cryptogamic
Plants. Jdid. xxii. 452-458 (1890).

( Describes 6 new species of Hepaticæ, pp. 454-457.)

171—A List of New Species of Hepaticæ novae zelandiae, named by
F. Stephani, Leipzig. 7277. xxiv. 398-400 (1892).

172— Plain and Practical Thoughts and Notes on New Zealand Botany.
Jbid. xxiv. 400-409 (1892.)

(Popular account of New Zealand Hepaticæ, their uses, distribution, etc.)
Collins, Frank Shipley. Charlestown, Mass., 6 Feb. 1848. See

Dame, L

Colmiero, Miguel.
173—Enumeracion de las Criptogamas de Espana y Portugal Parte
Primera, Acrogenas, pp. 119. Parte segunda, Talogenas, pp. 260.
8vo. Madrid (1867).
(54 species of Hepaticz described, pp. 106-119.)
174—Enumeracion y Revision de las Plantas de la Peninsula Hispano,
Lusitana e islas Baleares, Vol. i.—v. large 8vo. Madrid (1885—1889.)
(96 species of Hepaticæ described, v. pp. 552-571.)

17

Colonna, Fabio. Naples, Italy, circa 1567. + Naples, 1650.
175—Minus cognitarum rariorumque nostro coelo orientium stirpium
Ekphrasis, etc. etc. 4to pp. 340-99, tab. 131. Rome (1616).
(Mentions three Hepaticæ which Lindberg distinguishes as Pellia, Conocephalus
and Targionia.)

Cook, Orator Fuller. Clyde, N. Y., 28 May 1867. See Underwood,
iL. M.

Cooke, Mordecai Cubitt. Horning, (Norfolk), England, 12 July
1825.

176—British Hepaticæ, with figures and descriptions of every species.
8vo. pp. 27 (1878).
Cooley, Grace Emily. East Hartford, Conn., 26 July 1857.

177—Plants collected in Alaska and Nanaimo, B. C., July and
August 1891. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xix. 239—249 (1892).

(List of 13 Hepaticæ, pp. 246-7.)
Corbiere, L.

178—Herborisation aux environs de Cherbourg. Bull. de la Soc.
Linn. de Normandie, viii. (1884). [Sep. pp. 18.]

179—Muscinees Nouvelles pour les environs de Cherbourg. Rev.
Bryol. xii. 58-60 (1885).

180—Mousses et Hépatiques des environs de Blidah (Algerie) récoltées
en 1887 par M. Gay. Rev. de Bot. 145—155 (1889).

(List of 14 Hepaticæ.)

181—Les Fossombronia du departement de la Manche. Rev. Bryol.
xvii. 1-6 (1890).
Corda, August Karl Joseph. Reichenberg, Germany, 22 Oct. 1809.
T On the ship ** Victoria," in the Gulf of Mexico, Sept. 1849

182—Genera Hepaticarum : Die Gattungen der Lebermoose. In Of :
Beitrage zu Naturgeschichte, 643-655 (1828).

183—Monographia Rhizospermarum et Hepaticarum. 4to. pp. 16, 6
tab. Prag. (1829).

184—Hepatice, in Sturm; Deutschlands Flora nach der Natur mit
Beschreibungen. Zweite Abtheïutié Heft, i.—xxxi.
Coville, Frederic Vernon. Preston, N. Y., 23 March 1867. See

Branner, J. C.
Crie, L

185—Observations sur le Flore Cryptogamique de la Sarth et de la
Mayenne. Bull. de la Soc. Linn. de Normandie, 2d ser., v. (1871).
[Sep. pp. 19.]

18

186— Note sur un cas tératologique offert par une Hépatique (Frul-
lania dilatata Nees). Rev. Bryol. iv. 3, 4 (1877)

187—Sur quelque stations du Sphaerocarpus Michelii dans l'ouest de
la France. Rev. Bryol. iv. 6, 7 (1877).

Crowan FP. L. et H. M.

188 ——Florule du Finistere, contenant des descriptions de 360 especes
nouvelles de Sporogames, des nombreuses observations. 8vo. pp. 262,
Paris (1867).

(List of Hepaticæ, pp. 173-178).

Cruickshank, James.

189—List of Jungermanniæ, etc., observed in the neighborhood of

Dumfries. Phytologist, i. 257-259 (1844).
Cummings, Clara Eaton. Plymouth, New Hampshire, 13 July 1855.
190—Catalogue of Musch and Hepaticæ of North America, north of
Mexico. 8vo. pp. 24, Natick (1885).
(List of 231 Hepaticæ.)
Curnow, William.

191—The Hepaticæ of West Cornwall. Trans. Penzance Nat. Hist.
and Antiq. Soc. 1881-2. [Sep. 5 pp]

192—Additions to the recorded Fauna and Flora of West Cornwall.
Trans. Penzance Nat. Hist. and Antiq. Soc. 1883-4.

Curtiss, Moses Ashley. Stockbridge, Mass. 11 May 1808. + Hulls-

borough, N. C. 10 April 1872.

193—Geological and Natural History Survey of North Carolina. Part
III. Botany, containing a Catalogue of the indigenous and naturalized
Plants of the State. 8vo. pp. 156. Raleigh (1867).

(List of 69 Hepaticæ, pp. 75-77.)

Dame, L. L. and Collins, F. S.

194—Flora of Middlesex County, Massachusetts.
Malden (1888).

(List of 16 Hepaticæ, pp. 149, 150.)

Darlington, William. West Chester, Pa. 28 April 1782. + West
Chester, Pa., 23 April 1863.
195—Flora Cestrica. (Revised Edition) 8vo., pp. 498. Philadelphia

8vo., pp. 201,

1853).
(Includes 33 Hepaticæ, pp. 422-431.)
Davies, George.
6 April 1892.
196—Blyttia Mórkii N. v. E. Grevillea, iv. 76, 77 (1875).

+ Brighton, England,

RE

"TT
(rires

19

Day, David Fisher. Buffalo, New York, 11 June 1829.

197—A Catalogue of the Native and Naturalized Plants of the City of
Buffalo and its Vicinity. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. iv. 65-279
(1882-3). [Sep. pp. 215.]

(List of 24 Hepaticæ, pp. 165, 166.)

Debat, L

198—Flore des Muscinées (Sphaignes, Mousses, Hépatiques). 12

mo. 4 pl. Lyon (1874).

DeCandolle, Augustin Pyramus. Geneva, Switzerland, 4 Feb. 1778.
1 Geneva, 9 Sept. 1841.
199—Synopsis plantarum in Flora Gallica descriptarum. Editio ii.
8vo., Vol. ii.: Plantes cellulares. Paris (1830).

DeCandolle, A. P. et Lamarck, J. B. de.

200—Flore française ou descriptions succinctes de toutes les plantes
qui croissent naturellement en France, disposées selon une nouvelle
méthode d'analyse et précédées par un exposé des principes élementaire
de la botanique. 3rd Ed. 8vo., Vol. i.v. Paris (1805); Vol. vi. (1815).

Dedecek, J.

201—Die Musci hepatici der Piseker Waldungen. Oesterr. bot.
Zeitschrift, xxv. 257—262 (1875).

(List of 33 Hepaticæ.)

202—Beiträge zur Litteraturegeschichte und Verbreitung der Leber-
moose in Böhmen, sammt einigen speciellen Beobachtungen. Verhandl.
der k. k. zool.—bot. Gesellsch. (Wien.) xxix. 15-34 (1879)

203—Zur Verbreitung der Lebermoose in Bóhmen, sammt einigen
speciellen Beobachtungen. Sitz. der kón. bóhmenischen Gesellsch. der
Wissensch. (Prag). 1880, 104—111 (1881).

204—Die Lebermoose Bóhmens. 8vo. pp. 71, Prag (1887).

(Includes 124 Hepaticz.)

Delamare, E., Renauld, F., et Cardot,

205—Flora Miro: Enumeration rit os avec notes de-
scriptive des Phanèrogames, Cryptogames Vasculaires, Mousses,
Sphaignes, Hépatiques et Lichens. 8vo. pp. 79, Lyon (1888).

(List of 37 Hepaticæ.)

Del Amo y Mora, Mariano.

206— Flora cryptogamica de la Peninsula Iberica que contiene de las
plantas acotyledoneas que crecen en Espana y Portugal. 8vo. pp. 849,
Granada (1870).

(51 species of Hepaticæ described, pp. 623-649. )

SOE i

Delogne, C. H. I
207—Pleuroschisma deflexum Dmrt. et Plagiochila spinulosa Dmrt. —
Bull. de la Soc. roy. de Bot. de Belgique, xx. 35, 36 (1881). |
208— Notes de Cryptogamie. Bull. de la Soc. roy. de Bot. de Bel-
gique, xx. 143-145 (1881).
209—Note sur la decoverte en Belgique du Dialæna Lyellii Dmrt.
Comptes rendus des Seances de la Soc. roy. de Bot. de Belgique, xxii. |
67, 68 (1883). |
210—Note sur Jungermannia cordifolia Hook. Comptes rendus des `
seances de la Soc. roy. de Bot. de Belgique, xxii. 9, 1o (1883). |
Delogne, C. H., et Durand, Th. Hd
211—Les hépatiques et les sphaignes de la flore Liegeoise (Supple- —
ment). Comptes rendus des seances de la Soc. roy. de Bot. de Belgique, ` `
xxii. 58-67 (1883). t
212— Tableau comparatif des Muscinées Belges. Bull. de la Soc. roy. «
de Bot. de Belgique, xxiii. 63-86 (1884).
Delogne, C. H. et Gravet, F.
213—Les Hépatiques de l'Ardenne. 6 Fasc. Gand (1868-70).

(Contains 60 species of Hepaticæ exsiccatæ.)

Desmazieres, Jean Baptiste Henri Joseph, 1796. + Lambersant near —
Lille, France, 23 June 1862. :
214—Plantes Cryptogames du Nord de la France. Fasc. i.—xvi.

(Nos. 1-800) [continued as] Plantes Cryptogames de France, Fasc. xvii.- -

xliv. (Nos. 801-2200) (1825-1851):—Edition 2. Plantes Cryptogames `

de France, Fasc. i.-xxxvii. (Nos. 1—1850) (1836—1851):— Edition 3.

Plantes Cryptogames de France, Fasc. i.-xvi. (Nos. 1-800) (1853- | E

1860).

(Contains Hepaticæ among other Cryptogams.)

De Loynes, Paul. Poitiers, France, 31 Oct. 184r.
215—Essai d'un Cataloguedes Hépatiques de la Gironde et de quelque `

localités du Sud-Ouest. Actes de la Soc. Linn. de Bordeaux, xl. 223-

269 (1886). r
216— Station de Trichocolea tomentella. Actes de la Soc. Linn. de |

Bordeaux, XLI. li. lii. (1887). 3
217—Trichocolea tomentella. (Dum.) Actes de la Soc. Linn. de

Bordeaux, XLI. xxv. (1887).
218 —— Découverte du Riccia tumida Lind. dans le Sud-Ouest. Actes.

de la Soc. Linn. de Bordeaux, XLIIL lv. (1891). :
219—Contribution à la flore crytogamique de l'Ouest-Vienne et Deux

Sevres. Muscinées. Essai d’une Catalogue (1892).

EE ERUIT ee TRE ATPL ee

21

Delpino, F.

220—Applicazione di nuova criterii per la classificazione delle piante.
I. Mem. Accad. Bologna, ser. IV. IX. 221—243 (1888)

221—Simbiosi fra Epatiche fogliose e Rotiferi. Malpighia, IV. 32,
tab. V. (1890).
Demont.

222—Decouverte des organes sexuels, du fruit et des semences dans
le genre Jungermania dort l'organisation est demeurée entierement in-
connue jusqu'a ce jour. 8vo. pp. 16, Paris (1857).

(Places the liverworts among the Ericacez.)

DeNotaris, Giuseppe. Milan, Italy, 18 April 1805. T Rome, 22
Jan. 1877. See also Ardissone, F.
223—Primitiæ Hepaticologiz italice. Mem. Accad. delle Sci. di To-

rino, 2d ser. i. 1 tab. 287—361 (1839). [Sep. 4to. pp. 74 (1838).]
224—Jungermanniearum americanarum pugillus. Mem. Accad. delle

Sci. di Torino, 2d ser., xvi. 211-238, 4 tab. (1857). [Sep 4to. pp. 32

(1855).]
225—Appunti per un nuova censimento delle Epatiche Italiane.

Mem. Accad. delle Sci. di Torino, 2d ser., xviii. 457—498 (1859) ; xxii.

353-389 (1865). [Sep. 4to. pp. 44, 5 tab. (1865).]
226—Sunto di osservazioni sul genere Sarcoscyphus. Commentario

Soc. Critto. Ital. Genova, i. 72 (1861).
227—Epatiche di Borneo, raccolte dal Dre. O. Beccari nel ragiato di

Sarawak durante gli anni 1865-66-67. Mem. Accad. delle Sci. di To-

rino, 2d ser., xxviii. 267—308, t. i4 xxxv. (1876). [Sep. 4to. 44pp.

(1874).]
223—Epatiche di Borneo, raccolte dal Dre. O. Beccari nel ragiato di

Sarawak durante gli anni 1865-66-67. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. viii,

217-251 (1876).

(Describes the new species of the preceding paper.)

Dickie, George.
229—Remarks on the structure and morphology of Marchantia poly- .

morpba. Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. i. 107-112 (1844).
230—Notes on Mosses and Hepaticæ collected by Robert Brown, Esq.,

on the Northwest Coast of America. Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. ix. 355-

358 (1868).

Dickson, James. Scotland, 1738; + Broad Green, 14 Aug. 1822.
231—Fasciculi (IV.) plantarum cryptogamicarum Britanniæ. 4to.

PP. 28, 31, 24, 28, 12 tab. (1785-1801).

22

Dietrich, David Nathaniel Friedrich. 00.
232—Deutschlands kryptogamische us oder Deutschlands
Flora sechster und siebenter Band. Kryptogamie. 2vols. 8vo., Jena
(1843
ndr 104 Hepaticæ, pp. 115-150, taf. 205-272, colored.)

Dillenius, Johann Jakob. Darmstadt, Germany, 1687. + Oxford,

England, 2 April 1747.

233—Historia Muscorum in qua circiter sexcentz species veteres et
novee ad sua genera relatze describuntur, et iconibus genuinis illustrantur:
cum appendice et indice synonymorum. 4to., pp. xxi. 576, 85 tab. Ox-
ford (1741). [Also reprint, 4to., pp. xvi. 576, 85 tab., Edinburgh
(1811).]
Douin.

234—Hépatiques rares trouvées en Eure-et-Loir et régions voisines.
Rev. Bryol. xix. 25, 26 (1892).

(List of 29 Hepaticæ.)
Dozy, Franz. Leyden, Holland, 27 Dec. 1807. t Neuwied, 7 Oct.

1856.

235—[Hepaticze of the flora of Leyden.] Tijds. voor nat. Gesch. en
Phys. x. 108-114 (1843).

(List of 14 Hepaticæ.

236—Plagiochila Sandei Dz. icone illustrata. Accedunt nove He-
paticarum Javanicarum Species a C. M. van der Sande-Lacoste breviter
descriptae. 4to. pp. 16, ı tab., Hazenberg (1856).
Du Buysson, R. See Berthoumien, V.

Dumortier, Barthélemy Charles. Tournay, Belgium, 8 April 1797.

T Tournay, 9 July 1878.

237—Commentationes Botanicæ. 8vo. pp. 118, Tournay (1822).

(Contains Æssai d'une Monographie des Fongermannes, pp.. 103-116, in which
the genus Jungermania is broken up into a number of genera.)

238.—Sylloge “Red ot Europæ indigenarum, earum
genera et species systematice complectens. 8vo. pp. 100, 2 pl. Tour-
nay (1831).

239.—Recueil d' observations sur les Jungermannes, $vo. pp. 27.
Tournay (1835).

240.—Hepaticæ Europæ. Bull. de la Soc. royale de Bot. de Belgique,
5-203 (1874). [Sep. 8vo. pp. 203, 4 pl. N d

(Contains descriptions of 310 Hepatic as follow Jun
thocerotacez, 5 ; Marchantiacez, 28; Ricciaceæ, 25. SS

Durand, Th. See Delogne, C. H.

rmaniaceæ, 252. An-

unto ne nn a

a no ait tir mms

7 Do Uca gum getan otii ign e
Ru e Dua eg ac iq SLE e

Duterte, H.

241.— Notes Bryologique sur Alencon et ses environs, etc. Rev. Bryol.
xiv. 65-77 (1877).
Edmond, James Williamson,

242.— Notes on the Structure and Measurements of Cells of Hepaticæ.
88—96.

Ehrhart, Friedrich. Holderbank, (Berne), Switzerland, 4 Nov. 1742.

T Herrenhausen, Germany, 26 June 1795.

242 a.—Beiträge zur Naturkunde, etc. 7 vol. 8vo. Hannover (1787-
92).

(Describes several Hepaticze.)
Eiben, C. E.

243.—Die Laub-und Lebermoose Ostfriesland. Abhandl. der natur-
wiss. Verein in Bremen, ix. 423-445 (1887).

(List of 32 Hepaticæ.)
Eichler, B.

243 a.—Katalog der Lebermoose gesammelt in der Umgegend von
Miedzyrzec. Pamietnik Fisyjograficzny, xi. 81-84 (1891).

Ekart, Tobias Philipp. Sinan bei Coburg, 21 May 1799. T (?)
244.—Synopsis Jungermanniarum in Germania vicinisque terris
hucusque cognitarum. 4to pp. 72, 13 tab. Coburg (1832).
(Contains copies from many of the plates of Hooker's British Jungermanniæ.)
Ekstrand, E. V.
245.—Om groddbildiningar hos de bladiga lefvermossorna, Bot.
Notiser, 33-36 (1879).
246.—Anteckningar ófver Skandinaviska Lefvermossor. Bot. Notiser,
36-42 (1879) ; 44-49 (1880).
247.—Om blommorna hos Scandinaviens bladiga lefvermossor. Bihang
till Kongl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. 6, 1-66 (1880).
Endlicher, Stephen Ladislaus. Pressburg, Austria, 24 June 1804.
T Vienna, 28 March 1849.
248.— Genera Plantarum secudum ordines naturales disposita. 4to
PP. Ix. 1483, Vindobonz (1836-1850).
Evans, Alexander William. Buffalo, New York, 17 May 1868. See
also Millspaugh, C. F.
249.—An rinde of the Genera of Hepaticæ. Trans. Conn.
Acad. viii. 262-280 (1892). [Sep. pp. 20.]
250.—4 Provisional List of the Hepaticæ of the Hawaiian Islands.

24
Trans. Conn. Acad. viii. 253-261 (1892). [Sep. pp. 9, Pl. XXII,

(List of 118 species hitherto reported including 10 new species, half of which are
credited to Austin MS.)

251.—List of Liverworts from Southern Patagonia. Contr. U. S.
Nat. Herb. i. 140-142, Pl. XV. XVI. (1892).

(List of 28 species collected by U. S. Fish Commission; describes Lophocolea
apiculata and Schistochila quadrifida as new. )
Falconer, Hugh.

252.—On Athalamia, a new genus of Marchantiaceæ. Trans. Linn.
Soc. xx. 397, 398, t. xxix. fig. 1-6 (1851).

Fehlner, C.

253.—Beitrag zur Moosflora von Nieder-Oesterreich. Oesterr. Bot.
Zeitschrift, xxxii. 45—51 (1882).

(List of 29 Hepaticæ.)
Fellner, Ferd.

254.—Ueber die Keimung der Sporen von Riccia glauca. Jahresb.
der Akad. naturwiss. Vereins in Graz, (1875). [Sep. pp.
6, 2 tal}

Filipowicz, Casimir.

255—Catalogue des Mousses, des Hépatiques et des Lichens du
Royaume de Polgne. 8vo., pp. 10 (1881).

(Includes 57 Hepaticz.)
Fiori, Adriano.

256—Revista statistica dell’ Epaticologia Italiana. Primo elenco
delle Epatiche de Modenese e Reggiano. Malpighia, vi. 41—49, tav.
III. (1892).

( Gives map showing distribution of species.)
Fiorini-Mazzanti, Contessa Elisabetta.

257—Florula del Colosseo. Atti dell’ Acad. Pontif. di Nuovo Lincei.
(1874-78). [Sep. pp. 81.]

(Includes 4 species of Hepaticæ.)
Fitt, G.

258—Notes on Sphærocarpus terrestris. Lond. Jour. Bot., 287-280,
t. IX. (1847).
Focke, W. O.

259—Die Moosflora des niedersachsisch-friesischen Tieflandes. Ab-
handl. der naturwissensch. Verein zu Bremen, vi. (1879).

(List of 51 Hepaticæ.)

dcus DRE EC Pra cnn RE meom em ETS

25

26o— Versuch einer Moosflora der Umgegend von Bremen. Abhandl.
der naturwissensch. Verein zu Bremen, ix. 165-184 (1887).

(List of 46 Hepaticæ.)
Forster, George. Nassenhuben bei Danzig, Germany, 26 Nov. 1754.

T Paris, France, 11 Jan. 1794.

261—Fasciculus plantarum magellanicarum, et plantae atlanticae, ex
insulis Madeira, St. Jacobi, Adscensionis, St. Helena et Fayal reportae.
Comment. Soc. Gôtt. ix. 13-74 (1787). [Sep. 4to. pp. 64.]

Fries, Elias Magnus. Femsjo in Smoland, Sweden, 15 Aug. 1794.

T Upsala, 8 Feb. 1878.

262— Stirpium agri Femsoniensis index, observationibus illustrata.
8vo. pp. 100, Lundae (1825-26).

263—Summa vegetabilium Scandinaviae, sive enumeratio systematica
et critica plantarum quum cotyledonearum tum nemearum, inter mare
occidentale et album, inter Eidoram et Nordkap hactenus lectarum in-
dicata simul distributione geographica. 8vo. pp. viii. 572, Holmiae
(1846—49).

Frost, Charles Christopher. Brattleboro, Vt., 11 Nov. 1805. + Brat-

tleboro, Vt., 16 Mar. 1880.

264— Catalogue of Cryptogamous or Flowerless Plants of Vermont.
Archives of Science and Trans. Orleans Co. Soc. Nat. Hist. i. 78-81,
III—I17, 152, 153, 192—195, 234-240, 249-252 (1871).

(List of 45 Hepaticæ. pp. 194, 195.)

Funck, Heinrich Christian.

April 1839.

265— Kryptogamische Gewächse des Fichtelgebirges. 4to. Leipzig
(1806-38).

(Exsiccatæ of Cryptogams Nos. 1-865, including several Hepaticze.)
Gagliardi.

266—Epatiche raccolte nei diutorini del Calvario di Gees du-
rante l'hiverno 1875-76. Atti dell’ Acad. Pontif. di Nuovo Lincei,
xxxvi. (1883). [Sep. pp. 4.]

Garcke, Friedrich August. Braunrode, Germany, 25 Oct. 1819. S

267— Flora von Halle. Zweiter Theil, Kryptogamen. Svo. pp. xii
276, Berlin (1856).

Gardiner, William. + Dundee, Scotland, 21 June 1852.
268— Flora of Forfarshire. 8vo. pp. xxiv. 308, London (1848).
(Includes an account of the Hepaticæ.)

Gay, J. See Montagne, C.

, 1771. T Gefrees, Germany, 14

26

Geheeb, A.

269—Beitrag zur Moosflora des westlichen Siberiens. Flora, lxii.
471—480 (1879).

(List of 3 Hepaticæ.)

270—Neue Beiträge zur Moosflora von Neu-Guinea. Bibliotheca Bo-
tanica; xiii. 188

(Description of Lepidozia Lawesii n. sp. by Stephani.)
Genth, C. F. F. Platte bei Wiesbaden, ep god SC 1810. f Nas-

tötten, 13 Aug. 1837. See also ZZ uZener, J. W.

271—Flora des Herzogthum Nassau und der ER so wie untern
Rheingegenden von Speier bis Köln. Erster Theil, Kryptogamie. 8vo.
pp. xii. 439, Mainz (1836).
Gillot, X.

272—Liste des Cryptogames récoltées en Corse pendant la session
extraordinaire de 1877. Bull. de la Soc. Bot. de France, xxv. 131—136
(1878)

(List of 10 Hepaticæ.)

273—Liste des Muscinées récoltées en Corse pendant la session extra-
ordinaire de la Société Botanique de France. Rev. Bryol v. 8-10
(1878).

(List of 8 Hepaticæ.)
Giordano, G. C.

274—Muschi del reale orto botanico raccolti del Prof. V. Cesati.
Rendi dell ege delle Sci. fis. e Mat. (Napoli), xxiv. 77—79 (1885).

æ.)

(List of 10 Hepati
Girgensohn, G. e

275—Übersicht der bis jetzt bekannten Laub- und Lebermoose der
Ostsee-provincen. Archiv fur der Naturk. Liv.— Esth.- und Kurlands, i.
63-74 (1855).

276—Naturgeschichte der Laub- und Lebermoose Liv-, Esth- und
Kurlands. Dorpater Archiv. ii. 1-488 (1860). [Sep. 8vo., pp. 488,
Dorpat (1860).]
Godman, Frederick DuCane. See Mitten, W.
Goebel, Karl. Billigheim, Germany, 8 March 1855.

277—Ueber das Wachsthum von Metzgeria furcata und Aneura.
Arb. des Bot. Inst. in Würzburg, ii. 285-290, 1 Taf. (1879).

278—Zur Embryologie der Archegoniaten. Arb. des Bot. Inst. in
Würzburg, ii. 437—451 (1880).

279—Zur vergleichenden Anatomie der Marchantieen. Arb. des Bot.
Inst. in Würzburg, ii. 529—535 (1880).

e
i
|
j
1

27

280—Die Muscineen, in Schenk: Handbuch der Botanik, ii. 315-401
(1882).

281—Grundzuge der Systematik, und speciellen noii iius
8vo., Leipzig (1882).

(Muscineen, 152-20

28 2—Muscineae, Se Encyclopedia Britannica, Ninth Edition, xvii.
65-74 (1884).

283—Outlines of Special Morphology and Classification of Plants.
8vo. Oxford (1887).

(English translation of No. 281. Gives general account of Muscineae, pp. 140-144,
and of the Hepaticæ, pp. 144-163.)

284.—Morphologische und biologische Studien: Ueber epiphytische
Farne und Muscineen. Ann. du Jard. Bot. de Buitenzorg, vii. 1-73,
Pl. I-XV (1887)

(Discusses function of *auricule " in Hepaticæ, etc.)

285.— Ueber die wasserbehälter epiphytischer Lebermoose. Pflanzen-
biologische Schilderungen I, Marburg (1889).

(Discusses the germination of Lejeunea, and the auricles of Jungermaniacex. )

286.— Ueber die Jugendstände der Pflanzen. Flora, lxxii. 1-45
(188

- Bn the development of Hepaticæ, especially the Jungermaniaceæ, pp.
14-64.)
287.—Morphologische und biologische Studien: IV. Ueber javanische
Lebermoose. Ann. du Jard. Bot. de Buitenzorg, ix. 1-40, Pl. L-V.
(1891).

(1. Treubia insignis. 2. Calobryum Blumii. 3. Colura ornata. 4. Eine java-
nische Plagiochila mit Wassersachen. 5. Kurzia crenacanthoidea.)
Godelinais, Abbe de la. e

288— Mousses et Hépatiques d'Ille-et-Vilaine. Rev. Bryol. viii. 104—
111 (1881); ix. 6-9 (1882).

(List of 64 Hepaticz.)

Gonse, E.

289— Catalogue des Muscinées de la Somme. Mem. de la Soc. Linn.
du Nord de la France, iv. (1885).

(List of 35 Hepatic.)

290— Additions au Catalogue des Muscinées de la Somme. Mem. de
la Soc. Linn. du Nord de la France, vii. (1886-88). [Sep. pp. 11.]
Gottsche, Carl Moritz. Altona bei Hamburg, Germany, 3 July 1808.

f Altona, 28 Sept. 1892. See also Hampe, E.; Lindenberg, J. B.;
Lehmann, J. G. Ca Polakowsky, H.; Schiffner, V.; Underwood,
L. M.

291—Anatomisch-physiologische Untersuchungen über Haplomitrium `

28

Hookeri N. v. E. mit Vergleichung andere Lebermoose. Acta Acad.
Caes. Leop. Carol. Nat. Cur. xx. 267-398, t. xiii. —xx. (1843)

292—Ueber die Fructification der Jungermanniae Geocalyceae. Acta
Acad. Caes. Leop. Carol. Nat. Cur. xxi. 419—466, t. xxx .— xxxii.
(1845).

293—Muscorum Hepaticarum species novae Javanenses. Batavia
Nat. Tijdschr., iv. 573-576 (1853). Also in Zollenger : Systematisches
Verzeichniss der im indischen Archipel. in den Jahren, 1842-48 ge-
sammelten so wie der aus Japan empfangenen Pflanzen. 8vo., pp. xiv.,
160, 67, Zurich (1854-5.)

294—Hepatice Australasiæ a Dre. Ferd. Müller lectae. Linnæa,
xii. 547—561 (1856).

295—Pugillus Novarum Hepaticarum e recensione Herbarii Musei
ee congestus. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 4th ser., viii. 318—348, t. ix.—
xvi. (185

Se Uds das Genus Monoclei. Bot. Zeitung, xvi. 281—287, 289-
292, t. vii., viii. (1858).

297—Uebersicht und kritische Wiirdigung der seit dem Erscheinen
der Synopsis Hepaticarum bekannt gewordenen Leistungen in der He-
paticologie. Beilage zu Bot. Zeitung, xvi. 1-48 (1858).

298—Die Leistungen der Belgier in der Hepaticologie seit, 1835.
Beilage zu Bot. Zeitung, xvi. 49—54 (1858).

299—Eine veilleicht neue Art der Gattung Ricciella Braun. Bot.
Zeitung, xvii. 88— 92 (1859).

300—Hepaticologische Notizen. Bot. Zeitung, xix. 1—4 (1861).

301—Hepaticæ, in Specimen Flore Cryptogamei septem insularum.
(Corcyra, etc.) Verband, der k. k. zool.—bot. Gesellsch, xi. 416 (1861).

302—Hepaticæ, in Triana et Planchon : Prodromus Flore Novo-
Granatensis. Ann. des Sc. Nat. 5th ser. 1, 95— 198, t. xvii.-xx. (1864).

302 a—Carrington’s Irish Cryptogams. Hedwigia, v. 8-14 (1866).

303—Ueber die Cuticula der Scapania-Arten.. Hedwigia, v. 17—23
(1866).

304—De Mexikanske Levermosser, efter Prof. Fr. Liebmanns Saml-
ing. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Skrift. vi. 97—380, t. i —xx. (1867). (Sep.
pp. 284.)

305—Eine neue Jungermannia (J. Mildeana). Verhandl. der k. k.
zool.—bot. Gesellsch. xvii. 623—626 (1867).

3o6—Einige Bemerkungen zu Thom. Jensen: Conspectus Hepati-
carum Daniæ, eller Beskrevelse af de Danske Halvmosser. Hedwigia, vi.
49-59, 65-77 (1867).

(Includes notes on many species, and a revision of the Burgen species of Pellia.)

MUERTE

29

307— Neuere Untersuchungen uber die Jungermanniæ Geocalyceæ.
Abhandl. des Naturw. Vereins in Hamburg, vii. 39—66, t. (1880).

308—Hepatice in Muller: Fragmenta Phytographiæ Australiæ, xi.
53-69 (1880).

309—Hepaticæ, in Reliquis Rutenbergianæ. Abhandl, der natur-
wissensch. Verein in Bremen, vii. 338-365 (1882).

(Describes 37 new Hepaticæ from Madagascar.)

310— Ueber die in Bernstein eingeschlossenen Lebermoose. Berichte
der Gesellsch. für Bot. in Hamburg, i, 1-5 (1886).

(23 species of Hepaticæ in amber. Cf Bot. Cent. xxv. 95-7, 121-3).

311—Ueber Lebermoose von Ceylon. Gesellsch. für Bot. in Ham-
burg, ii. 33, 34 (1886).

312—Ueber Lebermoose, mitgebracht von der Expedition der Gazelle.
Gesellsch. fur Bot. in Hamburg, ii. 34 (1886).

313—Ueber Bildungsabweichungen bei der Entwickelung des Sporo-
gons der Lejeunien. Gesellsch. fur Bot. in Hamburg, i. 15 (1886).

314—Die Lebermoose Sudgeorgiens. Die deutschen Polar expedition,
li. 449—454, t. i.—viii. (1890).
Gottsche, C. M., Lindenberg, J. B., et Nees ab Esenbeck, C. G.

315—Synopsis Hepaticarum. 8vo., pp. 834. Hamburghi, (1844-
1847).

Gottsche, C. M., et Rabenhorst, L.

gt Europæ (ia), Decas 1-66, (No. 1-660),
Dresden, 1862-1879.

(Dr. Gottsche’s connection SS this elaborate series commenced with the issue of
Decades 3-4, No. 21.)

Gravet, F. See Delogne, C. H.

Gray, Samuel Frederick. England, 1780. + 1836.
317—A Natural Arrangement of British Plants according to Tunis;
DeCandolle, etc. 2 vols. 8vo. London (1821).
ntains the first extensive breaking up of the genus Tene following the
divisions made by Hooker in his British Fungermannie.)

Griffith, William. Ham Common, England, 4 March 1810; t Malacca,
India, 9 Feb. 1845.
318—Notulz ad plantas Asiaticas. Part II. On the higher Crypto-
gamous Plants, 8vo., with Atlas 4to. Calcutta (1849).
— le on Hepaticæ, pp. 285-298; Descriptions of several new genera
d species, pp. 299-352. The work was written in part as early as 1835, but was
Be re )

30

Grilli.

319—Alcune Muscinee ed alcuni Licheni Marchigiani. Nuovo
Giorn. Bot. Ital. xxiii. 508 (1891).

(Includes 7 Hepaticæ.
Grönland, Johannes. .

320--Memoire sur la Germination de quelque Hépatiques. Ann. des
Sc. Nat. 4th ser., i. 5-29, t. i.-vi. (1854). [Sep. pp. 25].
Grônlund, Christian.

321—Beitrag zur Kentniss der Flora von Island. ii. Hepaticz et
Musci. Bot. Tidskrift, 2 R. iii. 1-22 (1874).

(List of 55 Hepaticæ

322—Islands Flora. 8vo., Copenhagen (1881).

(Includes 62 species of Hepatic.)

Gronovius, Jan Fredrik. Leyden, Holland, 1690. Leyden, 1762.

323—Flora Virginica, etc. 2 vol. 8vo. (1739-43).

(Mentions one hepatic under the name of “ Lichen terrestris ee which
Lindberg identifies as Pasta tenella ; ex first reported from America
Guignard, Leon.

324—Sur la formation des Anthérozoides des Hépatiques, des Mousses
et des Fougéres. Comptes rendus de l'Acad. des Sc... cviii. 463

325—Development et constitution des Anthérozoides. Rev. gen. de
Botanique, i. pt. 1-4 (1889).

(Pellia, Fossombronia, Anthoceros, Marchantia, Conocephalus, etc.)
Haberlandt, G.

326—Ueber das Langenwachsthum und den Geotropismus der Rhi-
zoiden von Marchantia und Lunularia. Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr., xxxix.
93-98 (1889).

327—Die Lebermoose Deutschland. 8vo., pp. 9o, 12 Taf. col.,
Gera (1885).

Haines, Mary Parry. Cinnaminson, N. J., 24 Dec. 1826. Do

mond, Ind., 8 Dec. 1884.

328— List of Ferns, Mosses, Hepaticæ and Lichens collected in Wayne
County, Indiana. Rep. Geol. Survey, viii.-x, 235-239 (1879).

(List of 20 Hepaticæ, p. 238).

Hall, Elihu. Virginia, June, 1822. + Athens, Illinois, Sept. 1882.

Haller, Albert von. Bern, Switzerland, 16 Oct. 1708. Bern, 12
Dec. 1773.

TEE PES
ANT Serbie Es San ida rH o od cer cr os Lait eie EN SERRE

dp cm e Kee

91

329—Enumeratio methodica stirpium Helvetiae indigenarum. 2 vol.,
folio, pp. 36,794, 24 tab. (1742).

(Includes 3 Hepaticæ identified by Lindberg as Jungermania ventricosa, Aneura
palmata and Anthoceros multifidus.)
Hampe, Ernst. Furstenberg an den Weser, Germany, 5 July 1795;

T Helmstedt (near Blankenburg), 23 Nov. 1880.

33o—Bericht uber die Hepaticæ welche Hr. Moritz in Columbien
sammelte und dem kóniglichen Herbarium in Schoneberg uber lieferte
nach der Synopsis Hepaticarum und den Moritzschen Nummern auf-
gefuhrt. Linnæa, xx. 321—326 (1847).

(Includes 3 new species of Hepaticæ.)

331—Enumeratio Hepticarum, quæ in Sectione ii. Plantarum Chilen-
sium et in plantarum Peruvianis A. W. Lechler collectis et a R. J.
Hohenacker editis occurrunt. Linnæa, xi. 552—556 (1854).

(List of 29 Hepaticz, 6 new species.)

Hampe, Ernst, et Gottsche, C. M.

332—Expositio Hepaticarum Portoricensium quas collegit Schwanecke,
hortulanus. Linnza, ix. 337—358 (1852).
Hanry.

333—Catalogue des Mousses et Hépatiques de Provence. 8vo., pp.
22, Aix (1867).
Hansel, Vinzez.

334—Ueber die Keimung der Preissia commutata N. v. E. Étant,
der kais. Akad. der Wissensch. (Wien), lxxiii. 89-97 (1876). [Sep. pp.
9, 1 Taf.]
Hart, H. Ch.

334a—On the Botany of Sinai and South Palestine. Trans. Roy.
Irish Acad. xxviii. 373-452 (1885).

(List of 4 Hepaticæ, p. 451, determined by Mitten.)

335—Localities for Irish Hepatics and Mosses. Jour. of Bot. xxiv.
360-362 (1886

(List of 10 Hepaticze.)
Hartman, Carl Johan. Gefle, Sweden, 14 April 179o. f Stockholm,

27 Aug. 1849.

336—Handbok i Skandinaviens Flora, innefattande Sveriges och Nor-
riges Vaxter, till och med Mossorna. 8vo., pp. 32, lxiii. 488, 2 tab.

- (1820).

(Succeeding editions have been published, 1832, 1838, 1843, 1849, 1854, 1864.)

Hazslinszky, F.
7—A magyar bivodalum mossfloraja. Kgl. Ung. Naturw. Gessell.
(Budapesth), (1885).

(Handbook of Hungarian Bryophytes includes 123 species of Hepaticæ.)
Hedwig, Johann. Kronstadt in Siebenburgen, Germany, 8 Oct. 1730.

T Leipzig, 18 Feb. 1799.

338— Theoria generationis et fructificationis plantarum cryptogami-
carum. 4to., pp. 164, 37 tab. Petropoli (1784).

339— Theoria generationis et fructificationis plantarum cryptogami-
carum Linnæi retractata et aucta. 4to. pp. xii. 268, 42 tab. Lipsiæ
(1798).

Heeg, M.

340—-Niederösterreichische Lebermoose. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss
derselben. ^ Verhandl. zool.-bot. Gesellsch. (Wien). xli. 567-573
(189r).

(Adds 38 Hepaticæ to the known list of the region.)

Hegelmaier, F. ;

341—Ueber die Moosvegetation des schwäbischen Jura. ` Württem-
bergischenaturwissensch. Jahreshefte, xxix. 145-254 (

(Includes 80 Hepaticæ.)

Hemsley, W. Botting.

342—Reports on Botany of the Bermudas, Ascension Is., St. Helena,
etc. Challenger Reports. Part I. 92, 93; Part II. 43-45, 105, 176—178,
202, 203.

(Lists of known species ; new species by Mitten.)

Henfrey, Arthur. Aberdeen, Scotland, 1 Nov. 1819. + Turnham

Green, near London, 7 Sept. 1859.

343—On the development of the spores and elaters of Marchantia
polymorpha. Trans. Linn. Soc. xxi. 103-110, t. xi. (1853).

Henriquez, J.

344—Hepaticas colhidas em Portugal. Boletin da Soc. Brot. iv.
234—249 (1886).

(Listof 81 species. Synopsis of Genera. Descriptions of 5 species by Stephani
and Lindberg.)
Herpell, G.

345—Die Laub-und Lebermoose in der Umgegend von St-Goar.
Vehl. der nat. ver. der preuss. Rhinl. und westph. 27 Jahrg., iii Folge,
vii. (1870). (Sep. pp. 25.] id. 34 Jahrg. V Folge, iv. (1877).
[Sep. pp. 35-]

ns Qs $
>

33

Herter, L.

346—Beitrage zur Moosflora Württembergs. Jahresh. des Ver. für
vaterl. Naturkunde in Wor. 175-220 (1887).

(List of 92 Hepaticæ.)

Heuffler, Ludwig, Ritter von. Innspruck, Tyrol, 26 Aug. 1817.
347—Specimen Florae cryptogamae Vallis Arpasch Carpatae Transil-
vani. Folio, pp. 66, 7 Taf. Vienna (1853).

(Includes 28 Hepaticæ.)

Hill, John. Peterborough, England, 1716. London, 22 Nov. 1775.

348—A general Natural History. Vol. II. A history of Plants.
Folio, pp. xxvi., 642, London (1751).

(Describes 19 Hepaticæ.)
Hitchcock, Edward. Deerfield, Mass., 24 May 1793. T Amherst,

Mass., 27 Feb. 1864.

349—Catalogue of the Plants growing without Cultivation in the
State of Massachusetts. Report on Geol. of Mass., 599-649 (1833).
[Also Sep. pp. 54, Amherst (1835).]

(List of 24 Hepaticæ.)

Hofer, Fr.

350—Beitrag zur Cryptogamenflora von Niederösterreich. Verhandl.
der zool. bot. Gesellsch. (Wien.), xxxvii. 379, 380 (1887).

Hoffman, George Franz. Marktbreit, Bavaria, 31 Jan. 1761. f Mos-

cow, Russsia, 17 March 1826.

351—Deutschlands Flora. Zweiter Theil für das Jahr 1795. Krypto-
gamie. r2mo., pp. roo, 205, 14 tab. col. Erlangen (1795).
Hofmeister, Wilhelm. Leipzig, Germany, 18 May 1824; T Linde-

nau (near Leipzig), 12 Jan. 1877.

352— Vergleichende Untersuchungen der Keimung, Entfaltung und
Fruchtbildung höherer Kryptogamen. 4to. pp. viii. 179, 33 Taf.
Leipzig (1851).

(The foundation of exact knowledge of the development of the Hepaticæ and
higher groups; Illustrates Anthoceros levis et A. punctatus, t. I-III. Pellia epi-
Phylla, t. IV. fig. 9-30, t, V., t. VL, f. 1-12 Metzgeria furcata, t. IV., fig. 1-8.
Aneura pinguis et A, multifida, t. VL, fig. 13-30. Blasia pusilla, t. VL, fig. 31-36.
Fossombronia pusilla, t. VL, fig. 37-48. Frullania dilatata, t. VIL, t. VIII., fig. 1-9.
Cephalozia bicuspidata, t. IX., fig. 1-20. C. divaricata, t. VIIL, fig. 56-64. Radula
complanata, t. VIII., fig. 10-32. Riccia glauca, t. X. and Marchantiacex, t. XL, XIL)

353—Zur Morphologie der Moose. Bericht der kóngl. Sachsischen
Gesellsch, der Wissensch. 94-106, t. 4-7 (1854).

(Describes development of Riella Reuteri.)

94

354—Zusetze und Berichtigungen zu den 1851 veróffenlichen Unter-
suchungen der Entwickelung hóherer Kryptogamen. Prings. Jahrb. iii.
259—292 (1861)

(Additional points in development of Anthoceros lævis, pp. 259-262.)

355—On the germination, development and fructification of the
Higher e ipu i (Translated by Frederick Currey.) 8vo. pp.
491, London (186

(A translation Séis revision of the three preceding papers.)
Hoffmeister, W.

356 —Beitráge zur Kryptogamenflora der Umgegend Osnabriicks.
Jahresb. des naturw. Ver. zu Osnabrück, vii. 138—143 (1889).

Pone, G. vo
eher dii Zellenblaschen der Lebermoose. 8vo. pp. 26, 1 Taf.

Heidelberg (1857).
Holler, A.

358—Die Moosflora der Ostrachalpen. Ein Beitrag zur Bryogeo-
graphie des Algäu. Jahresb. des Naturw. Ver. für Schwaben und Neu-
berg in Augsburg, xxix. 118—270 (1887).

(List of 62 Hepaticæ.)
Holmes, Edward M.

359—The Cryptogamic Flora of Kent. Jour. of Bot. 43-54 (1878).

(List of 48 Hepaticæ.)
Hooker, Joseph Dalton. Halesworth (Suffolk), England, 3o June

1817.

360—Handbook of the New Zealand Flora. 2 vol. 8vo. pp. lxviii:
798, London (1864-67).

(Describes about 200 species of Hepaticze, pp. 497—549.)

361—Jungermannia Bertoana. Bot. Miscellany, ii. 148—150, t. lxxviii. -
(1831).
Hooker, Joseph Dalton, and Taylor, Thomas.

362—Hepatice Antarcticae: being characters and brief descriptions
of the Hepatice discovered in the southern circumpolar regions during
the voyage of H. M. Discovery Ships, Erebus and Terror. Lond. Jour.
of Bot. iii. 366—400, 454—481 (1844).

(Descriptions of Hepaticz largely from Falkland Islands and Cape Horn.

363—Hepaticæ Antarcticae supplementum, or specific characters with
brief descriptions of some additional species of the Hepaticæ of the
Antarctic Regions, New Zealand and Tasmania, together with a few from
the Atlantic Islands and New Holland. Lond. Jour. of Bot. iv. 79-97
(1845).

^

95

364—Hepaticæ, in Flora Antarctica. Botany of the Antarctic voyage
of H. M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror, in the years 1839-43. ii.
423-446, London (1847).

(Hepaticæ of Fuegia, the Falklands and Kerguelen Islands.
Hooker, William Jackson. Norwich, England, 6 July 1785. t Kew,

I2 Aug. 1865.

365—British Jungermanniæ, being a history and description with
coloured figures of each species of the genus and microscopical analyses
of the parts. Folio, 88 tab. col., London (1816).

(This classic work will stand as the foundation of exact description and delineation.)

366—Plantæ cryptogamicæ quas in plaga orbis novi æquinoctiali col-
legerunt Alexander von Humboldt et Aimé Bonpland. Adjectis tabulis
species quasdem novas minusve cognitas (Muscorum frondosorum et he-
paticorum) exhibentibus nec non Alexandri de Humboldt notationibus
quibusdam plantarum geographiam spectantibus. 4to. 4 tab. col., Lon-
don (1816).

367—Musci Exotici, containing figures and descriptions of new or lit-
tle known foreign mosses and other cryptogamic subjects. : 8vo. Vol. i.,
tab. 1-96 (1818); Vol ii. tab. 97-176 cum textu. London (1820).

(Contains numerous plates of Hepaticæ.)

368—Flora Scotica, or a description of Scottish plants arranged both
according to the artificial and natural methods. 2 vol. 8vo. pp. x. 292,
297, London (182r).

(Includes the Hepaticæ, pp. 109-120. J
Hooker. William Jackson, and Taylor, Thomas.

369—Muscologia Britannica, containing the mosses of Great Britain
and Ireland, systematically arranged. 2d Ed. 8vo. pp. 272, 36 tab.,
London (1827)

(Contains the Hepaticæ, pp. 211-241.)
Hooker, William Jackson, and Wilson, W.

370—Enumeration of the Mosses and Hepaticæ collected in Brazil by
George Gardner, Esq. Lond. Jour. of Bot. iii. 149-167 (1844).

Hudson, William. Kendal, (Westmoreland), England, 1730 fLon-
don, 23 May 1795.
371—Flora Anglica. 8vo. pp. viii. 506, London (1762).
(Contains descriptions of Jung. multiflora and J. quinquedentata. Two later edi-
tions were published, )
Hubener, J. W. P. + Hamburg, Germany, Feb. 1
372—Hepaticologia Germanica, oder an der deutschen
Lebermoose. 8vo., pp. 314, Mannheim (1834).

36

Hubener, J. W. P., et Genth, C. F. F.

373— Deutschlands Lebermoose exsiccata.
Husnot, Tranquille. Cahan (Orne), France, 21 April 1840.

374—Catalogue des Muscinées récoltées aux Antilles Francaises. I.
Hépatiques. Rev. Bryol. ii. 1-5 (1875).

375—MHepaticologia Gallica, flore analytique et descriptive des Hé-
patiques de France et de Belgique, accompagnée de planches représent-
ant chaque espéce de grandeur naturelle et ses principaux caractéres
grossis. 8vo., pp. 102, 13 pl. Caen (1881).

376— Catalogue analytique des Hépatiques du Nord-Ouest. Bull. de
la Soc. Linn. de Normandie, ; 134-157 (1881). [Sep. 24 Pp]

377—Hepaticæ Galliæ, (Exsiccatæ). Fascicules I.-VIIL, Nos. ı-
200.

(Issued by the collaboration of many other bryologists.)

373—Hépatiques des Antilles récoltées par Husnot et determinées par
Gottsche.

(A series of 48 species exsiccatæ.)

379—Le genre Riella. Rev. Bryol. xix. 44—46 (1892).

380—Note sur les Riccia. Rev. Bryol. xix. 58 (1892).
Itzigsohn, Hermann. Neudamm, Germany, 1814.

381—Die märkischen Lebermoose. Bot. Zeitung, vii. 481—485 (1849).

(List of 49 Hepaticæ.)
Jack, Josef Bernhard. Salem, Balen, 21 March 1818.

382—Die Lebermoose Badens. Bericht. der naturf. Gesellsch. zu
Freiberg, (1870). [Sep. pp. 92.]

(Describes 108 Hepaticæ.)

383—Hepatice Europe. Bot. Zeitung, xxxv. 49-59, 65-74, 81-03,
97-111 (18

(Review of Dania s work.

384—Die Europaischen Radula-Arten. Flora, lxiv. 353-362, 385-
400 t. vii. viii. (1881). [Sep. pp. 24.]

385—Monographie der Lebermoosgattung Physiotum. Hedwigia,
XXV. 49-87, t. i.-x. (1886).
Jack, J. B., Leiner und Stizenberger.

385a—Kryptogamen Badens. Fasc. i.-xx. (?-1870).

(Contains over 100 Hepaticz exsiccatze among other Cryptogams.)
jack, J. B. et Stephani, F.

386—Porella Levieri, Jack et Stephani n. sp. Flora, lxxi, 496-498
(1888).

387—Hepaticz Wallisiane. Hedwigia, xxxi. 11-27, Taf. i.-iv. (1892).

(22 new Hepaticæ from South America and the Philippines.)

37

Jeaubernat, E. See Martrin-Donos, V.
Janczewski, Eduard von.

388— Vergleichende Untersuchungen uber die Entwicklungsgeschichte
der Archegoniums. Bot. Zeitung, xxx. 377-393, 401-420, 440-442
(1872).

Janzen, P.

389—Die Moosflora Elbings. Westpreus. bot.-zool. Vereins zu El-
bing, iv. 28-39 (1881).

(List of 35 Hepaticæ.)

389a—Die Moosflora Elbings. Schrift. der naturf. Gesellsch. in Dan-
zig. v. 45—56 (1882).

(List of 37 Hepatic.)

Jenner, Edward.

390—New localities for Jungermannia Turneri. Phytologist, i. 718
(1844).

Jensen, Thomas. See also Zange, J.

391—Conspectus Hepaticarum Daniæ, eller Beskrivelse af de dansk
halvmosser. Bot. Tidsskrift, i. 56-166 (1866).

(Describes 78 Hepaticæ

392—Additamenta ad Bryologian et Hepaticologiam danicam. Bot.
Tidsskrift, ii. 266-289 (1868).

Juratzka, Jakob.

393—Zur Moosfloora Oesterreichs. ^ Verhandl. des zool.-bot. Verein
in Wien. xi. 121—124 (1861); xiii. 499-504 (1863).

394—Muscorum species novae. Verhandl. des zool.-bot. Verein in
Wien. xx. 167, 168 (1870). [Also Hedwigia, ix. 33, 34 (1870).]

(Describes Jung. Reichardti Gottsche zz Zei
onm B.

395—Bidrag til Kundskaben om Mossernas ei: i Norge.
Christiania Vid.-Selsk. Forhandl. No. 4 (1886). [Sep. pp. 4-]

396—Nogle nye Skandinaviske Moser. Bot. Notiser 22 SÉ (1888).
` 397—Levermosernes udbredelse i Norge. Fortegnelse over de i
Norge hidtil jagttagne Levermoser med angivelse af deres udbredelse og

kjendte voksesteder. Nyt. Mag. Naturvid. (Christiania), 1-192
(1892).

(An elaborate account of the distribution of the Hepatic of Norway; the work is
as yet incomplete.)

Karsten, G.
398—Beitrage zur Kenntniss von Fegatella conica. Bot. Zeitung,
xlv. 649-655, Taf. viii. (1887).

98

Kaurin, Chr.
398— Sarcoscyphus capillaris Limpricht. Bot. Notiser, 88 (1886).
399—Gymnomitrium crassifolium Carr. funden i Norge. Bot. No-
tiser, 34, 35 (1887).

Kiaer, F. C.

399a—Christianias Mosser, Christiania Vid. Selsk. Forhandl. No.
12, i.xxxvi. I-95 (1885).

(Includes 77 Hepaticæ.)

Kienitz-Gerloff, Felix. Berlin, Germany, 15 Jan. 1851
400—Beiträge zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Lebermoos-Sporogon-
iums. Inaugural Dissertation, 8vo., pp. 42, Berlin (1872).

401— Vergleichende Untersuchungen uber die Entwickelungsge-
schichte des Lebermoos-Sporogoniums. Bot. Zeitung, xxxii. 161-172,
193-204, 209-217, 224-235, t. iii. iv. (1874

402—Neue Beiträge zur aire des Lebermoos-Spor-
ogoniums. Bot. Zeitung, xxxiii. 777—782, 793-799, t. ix (1875).

403—Die morphologische Bedeutung der Laubmooskapsel in Ver-
gleich zur Lebermoosfrucht. Sitz. des Gesellsch. naturf. Freunde zu Ber-
lin (1876).

404—Ueber den genetischen Zusammenhang der Moose mit den Ge-
fässkryptogamen. Beilage zum Tagebl. der vers. deutscher Naturf. und
Aerzte zu Hamburg, xlix. 100 (1876).

405—Ueber den genetischen Zusammenhang der Moose mit den Ge-
fässkryptogamen und Phanerogamen. Bot. Zeitung, xxxiv. 705—714;
720-723 (1876).

406— Ueber die Bedeutung der Paraphysen im Anschluss an H. Leit-
geb: Wasserausscheidung an den Archegonständen von Corsinia. Bot.
Zeitung, xliv. 248—251 (1886).

Kickx, Jean (fius). Brussels, Belgium, 17 Jan. 1803. + Brussels, 1

Sept. 1864.

407—Sur la Marchantia fragrans des auteurs Belges. Acad. Sci.
Bull. Bruxelles, iv. 19-21 (1837).

408— Recherches pour servir à la Flore cryptogamique des Flandres.
Centuries i.-v. 4to. Brussels (1840-55).

409—Flore cryptogamique des Flandres. 2 vol. 8vo., pp. 521, 490,
Gand et Paris (1867). [Posthumous.]

Kerner, A.

410—Schedae ad Floram exsiccatam Austro-Hungaricam. 8vo. pp.
iv. 177, Vindebonae (1884).

39

Killias, Ed.

411—Die Flora des Unterengadins mit besonderer Berücksichtigung
der Speciellen Standorte und der allgemeinen Vegetationsverhältnisse.
Beilage zu den Jahresb. der naturf. Gesellsch. Graubundens, xxxi. pp.
lxxiii. 262 (1886-87)

(List of 44 Hepaticæ, pp. 222-244.)

Kirk, T.

412—Notice of the discovery of the Monoclea Forsteri Hook. in New
Zealand. Trans. and Proc. New Zealand Inst. x. 418, 419 (1879).
Klein, J.

413—Sprossung an den Inflorescenzstielen von Marchantia poly-
morpha. Bot. Centralbl. v. 26-28 (1881
Klinggraff, H. von.

414—Bereisung der Gegend von Lautenburg im Juli 1881 und Berei-
sung des schwetzer Kreises im Jahre 1881. Jahresb. des westpreuss,
bot.-zool. Vereins, v. 26-57 (1882).

(List of 12 Hepaticæ.

415—Bericht über meine Bereisung der Lautenburger Gegend.
Schrift. der naturf. Gesellsch. in Danzig, v. 57-77 (1882).

(List of 79 Hepaticze.)

416— Bericht über die botanischen Reisen im neustädter Kreise im
Sommer 1882. Mittheil. des westpreuss. bot.-zool. Vereins, vi. 18-28
(1883)

(List of 39 Hepaticæ.)

417—Botanische Reisen im Kreise Karthaus ín den Monaten Juni,
Juli und August 1884. Schrift. der naturf. Gesellsch. Danzig, vi. 64-
84 (1886).

(List of 23 Hepaticze.)

418—Botanische Reisen im Sommer 1888. Schrift. der naturf.
Gesellsch. in Danzig, vii. 247—250 (1889).

(Includes new localities for Hepaticæ.)

Knowlton, Frank Hall. Brandon, Vt., 2 Sept. 1860

419—A dditions to the flora of Washington and Vicinity. Proc. Biol.
Soc. Washington, iii. 106-132 (1886).

(List of 57 Hepaticæ from the District of Columbia collected by Rev. E. Lehnert.)
Kny, Leopold. Breslau, Germany, 6 July 1841.

420—Symbola ad hepaticarum frondosarum evolutionis historiam.
Svo. PP- 51, Berlin (1863).

` 421—Beitrige zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der laubigen Lebermoose.

LP ringsh. Jahrb. iv. 64-100, t. v.-vii. (1864).

40

422—Ueber Bau und Entwickelung der Riccien. Pringsh. Jahrb. v.
364—386, t. xliv.-xlvi. (1867).

423—Durchwachsungen an den Wurzelhaaren zweier Marchantiaceen.
Sitzungsb. des Bot. Vereins der Prov. Brandenburg, xxi. 2-5, Taf.
(1879).

424—Bau und Entwickelung von Marchantia polymorpha. Sonderab-
druck aus dem Text zu den ** Botanischen Wandtafeln," Lieferung viii.
364-401 (1890).

Koltz ]. F.F.

425—Prodrome de la flore du Grand-Duche de Luxembourg. II
Partie. Recueil des Mem. et des Trav. pub. par la Soc. Bot. du Grand-
Duche de Luxemburg, vi. vii. viii. 38-95 (1880-1882).

(List of 101 Hepaticæ)

Körber, Gustav Wilhelm. Hirschberg, Germany, 1o Jan. 1817.
426—Grundriss der Kryptogamen-Kunde. Zur Orientirung beim
Studium der kryptogamischen Pflanzen, so wie zum Gebrauch bei seinen
Vorlesungen. 8vo. pp. viii. 203, Breslau (1848).
(Includes the Hepaticæ, pp. 101-116.)
Kremer, J. P.

427—Monographie des Hepatiques de la Moselle, suivie d'une
methode analytique des genres et des especes. 8vo. pp. iv. 44, Metz
(1837) ; 2d Ed. pp. 51, Metz (1863).

Krok, Th. O. B. N. och Almquist, S.

428—Svensk Flora for Skolor. II. Kryptogamer. 8vo., pp. 6o, Stock-
holm (1886).

Kruch, Oswald.

429—A ppunti sullo sviluppo degli organi sessuali e sulla fecondazione
della Riella Clausonis Let. Malpighia, iv. 403-423, Pl. XVIIL., XVIII.
(1890).

Krupa, J.

429a—Zapiski Bryjologiczne zokolic Lwora Krakowa i wschodnich
Karpat. S. Kom. Fiz. Krak. xix. 133-164 (1885).

(List of 93 Polish Hepaticæ).

Kummer, Paul.

430—Der Führer in die Lebermoose und die Gefässkryptogamen.
8vo., pp. 141, 7 taf. Berlin (1875).

(Includes 40 genera and 143 species of Hepaticze).

Kunth, Karl Sigismund. Leipzig, Germany, 18 June 1788. + Ber-

lin, 22 March 1850.

41

431—Synopsis Plantarum quas in itinere ad plagam equinoctialem
Orbis Novi collegerunt Alexander de Humboldt et Aimé Bonpland. 4
vol., 8vo., Paris (1822-1825).

(Includes 19 Hepaticz, Vol. i., pp. 40-45).

Kuntze, Otto.
431a—Revisio Generum Plantarum, etc. 8vo. pp. 1011, Leipzig,

etc. (1891).

(Includes revision of the genera of Hepatic, pp. 829-840 based largely on the
changes produced by S. F. Gray. The new genus Stephanina is substituted for
Radula, and numerous species are transferred to modern genera.

La Billardiere, Jacques Julien Houton de. Alençon, (Orne), France,
28 Oct. 1755. + Paris, 8 Jan. 1834.
432—Novae Hollandiæ plantarum specimen. 2 vol., 4to., pp. 112,

130, 265 ta. (1804-6).

Lackstrom, E. F. See Lindberg, S. O.

Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Antoine Pierre Monnet, Chevalier de. Bazen-
tin, (Somme), France, 1 Aug. 1744. Paris, 18 Dec. 1829. See
also De Candolle, A. P.
433—Tableau encyclopedique et methodique des trois regnes de la

nature, Botanique. Illustration des genres. 3 vol., 4to., pp. xvi. 496,

551, 728. Paris (1791-1823).

(Includes the Hepaticæ, pp. 476-480.)

Lamy, Edouard.
434—Simple apercu sur les Mousses et les Hépatiques du Mont Dore.

Rev. Bryol. ii. 37-43 (1875). Supplement, Jdid. v. 33-43 (1878).
(Catalogue of speciés with stations.)
435—Mousses et Hépatiques de la Haute-Vienne. Rev. Bryol ii

49-101 (1875).

(Catalogue of species with stations.)

Lange, Johan.
436—Hepaticæ, in Meddelelser om Grönland. Tredie Hefte. 407-421,

Kjobenhavn (1887).

(List of 61 Hepaticæ).

Lange, Johan, et Jensen, C.
437—Grönlands Mosser. In Lange's Conspectus Floræ Grœnlandicæ.

Pars ii., 309-426. Kopenhagen (1887).

(Includes 62 Hepaticæ).

Langfeldt, J. à
438-—Hóhere Kryptogamen Trittans. Schrift. des naturwiss. Vereins

fur Schleswig-Holstein, iv. 117—132 (1882).

( List of 36 Hepaticæ).

42

Langlois, Auguste Barthélemy. Chavanay, (Loire), France, 24 April
1332,

439 — Catalogue provisoire de Plantes Phanérogames et Cryptogames
de la Basse-Lousiane, Etats-Unis d'Amerique. 8vo., pp. 35, Pointe-
a-la-Hache (1887).

(List of 29 Hepaticæ, p. 26).

Leclerc du Sablon, Mathieu. Bagnols, (Gard), France, 25 March

1859.

440— Recherches sur le developpement du Sporogone des Hepatiques.
Ann. des Sc. Nat. xxx. 7 ser. ii. 126-180, Pl. VIL-XI. (1885). (Sep.
PP- 59).

441—Sur ľ origine des Spores et des Elateres chez les Hépatiques.
Comptes Rendus, , 1391-1403 (1885).

442—Sur le developpement du Sporogone de Frullania dilatata.
Bull. Soc. Bot. de France, ser. 2, vii. 187—191 (1885).

443—Sur le Sporogone des Hépatiques et le role des Elateres. Bull.
Soc. Bot. de France, xxxii. 30-33 (1885).

Lehmann, Johann Georg Christian. Haselau (Holstein), Germany,

25 Feb. 1792. + Hamburg, 12 Feb. 1860

444—Hepaticarum Capensium a C. F. Ecklon collectarum brevem
recensionem cum Schlechtendalio suo. Linnæa, iv. 357-371 (1829).

445—Novarum et minus cognitarium stirpium. 4to., Hamburg.
Pug. iv. (1832); Pug. v. (1833); Pug. vi. (1834); Pug. vii. (1838);
Pug. viii. (1844); Pug. x. addita enumeratione plantarum omnium in
Pug. i.—x. descriptarum vis 7).

(Describes about 200 species of Hepaticæ from all parts of the world; those of
Pugillus viii, were described E Gottsche, and those of Pugillus x. should be read in
the light of Gottsche's criticisms in Bot. Zeitung xvi.)

446—Hepaticæ Capenses. Linnæa ix. 421—427 (1834).

447—Antrocephalus, eine neue Gattung der Lebermoose. Nova Acta
Caes. Leop. xviii. 679-685 (1836).

448—Plantae Preissianae, sive enumeratio plantarum, quas in Austra-
lasia occidentali et meridionali-occidentali annis 1830-41 collegit Lud-
wig Preiss. 2 vol. 8vo., Hamburg (1844-48).

(18 Hepaticæ enumerated, Vol. ii., pp. 120-130.)

Lehnert, E. See Knowlton, F. H.
Leitgeb, Hubert. Portendorf (Carinthia), Austria, 23 October 1835.

T Graz, 5 April 1888.

449—Beitráge zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der Pflanzenorgane. IV.
Wachsthumsgeschichte von Radula complanata. Sitzb. der Akad. der
Wissensch. (Wien) lxi. (1871).

43

450—Ueber die Verzweigung der Lebermoose. Bot. Zeitung, xxix.
557-565 (1871).
451—Ueber endogene Sprossbildung bei Lebermoosen. Bot. Zeitung,
XXX. 33-41 (1872).
452— Ueber Blasia. Zeitschr. fur Gesammte Naturwiss. (Halle) xl.
(1872).
453—Ueber die Spaltóffnungen der Marchantiaceae. Zeitschr. fur
Gesammte Naturwiss. (Halle) xl. (1872).
454 —Zur Morphologie der Metzgeria furcata, Mittheil. des naturw.
Vereins für Steirmark, 2 tab. (1872). (Sep. 12 pp.]
455—Monstróser weiblicher Hut von Marchantia polymorpha. Ver-
handl. der deutscher Naturf. und Aerzte zu Graz, xviii. Bot. Zei-
tung, xxxiii. 747 (1875
456—Mittheilung einiger Resultate der morphologischen Forschung
über die Lebermoose. Verhandl. der deutscher Naturf. und Aerzte zu
Graz, xviii. Bot. Zeitung, xxxiii. 749 (1875).
457—Ueber Zoopsis. Mittheil. des naturw. Vereins fur Steiermark,
——,ltaf. (1876). [Sep ro pp.]
458—Die Entwickelung der Kapsel von Anthoceros. Sitzb. der
Akad. der Wissensch. (Wien), Ixiii. 255-266, 1 taf. (1876). [Sep. 12
pp.]
459—Die Keimung der Lebermoossporen in ihrer Beziehung zum
Lichte. Sitzb. der Acad. der Wissensch. zu Wien, Ixxiv. 425-435, 1
taf. (1876). [Sep. 12 pp.]
460— Ueber verzweigte Moossporangien. Mittheil. des naturw.
Vereins für Steiermark, t taf. (1876). [Sep. zo pp.]
461—Die Nostoccolonien im Thallus der Anthoceroteen. Sitzb. der
Akad. der Wissensch. Wien, lxxvii. 411-418 78).
462—Die Athemöffnung der Marchantiaceen. Sitzb. der Akad. der
Wissensch. (Wien), lxxxi. 40-54, 1 Taf. (1880). [Sep. pp. 15-]
463—Die Inflorescenzen der Marchantiaceen. Sitzb. der. Akad. der
Wissensch. (Wien), Ixxxi. 123-143 (1880). (Sep. pp. 21-]
464—Ueber die Marchantiaceengattung Dumortiera. Flora, lxiii.
397-312 (1880).
. 465— Untersuchungen über die Lebermoose. 4to., Graz, (1874-1881).
I. Blasia pusilla, pp. 82, 5 taf. (1874).
II. Die foliosen Jungermannieen, pp. 95, 4 taf. (1875).
II. Die frondosen Jungermannieen, pp 144, 9 taf. (1877).
3 IV. Die Riccieen, pp. 101, 9 taf. (1879).
V. Die Anthoceroteen, pp. 6o, 5 taf. (1879).

44

VI. Die Marchantieen und allgemeine Bemerkungen über die
Lebermoose, pp. 158, 11 taf. (1881).

(The most important and comprehensive contribution to the morphology of the
Hepaticæ.)

466—Die Stellung der Fruchtsacke bei den geocalyceen Jungerman
nieen. Sitzb. der Akad. der Wissensch. (Wien.), lxxxiii. 515-521
(1881). (Sep. 7 pp.)

4 eber Bau und Entwickelung einiger Sporen. Ber. der
deutscher Bot. Gesellsch. i. 247-256 (1883).

(Corsinia, Sphaerocarpus, Preissia, Duvalia, Reboulia, Fimbriaria, Plagiochasma.)

468—Ueber Bau und Entwickelung der Sporenhàute und deren Ver-
halten bei der Keimung. 8vo., pp. 112, 3 taf. Graz, 1584.

469—Wasserausscheidung an den Archegonstanden von Corsinia.

Flora, Ixviii. 327-330 (1885). /
LeJolis, Auguste. Cherbourg, France, 1823.

470—[Note on Lunularia Dillenii.] Mem. de la Soc. des Sc. Nat. de
Cherbourg, i. 191 (1852).

470 a—Du nom de genre Porella. Rev. Bryol. xix. 97-101 (1892).
Letacq, Arthur Louis. Heugon, (Orne), France, 20 Oct. 1855.

471—Bryologie des environs d'Ecouché, departement de l'Orne.
Bull. Soc. scientifique d'Argentan, No. 5-7 (1884).

(List of 26 Hepaticæ.)

472—Recherches sur la distribution géographique des Muscinées dans
le Département de l'Orne, et Catalogue methodique des espèces récoltées
dans cette région. Rev. de Botanique, iv. 6-60 (1885). [Sep. pp. 60].

(List of 52 Hepaticæ.)

473—Note sur les Mousses et les Hépatiques des environs de Bagnoles,
et observations sur les végétation des grés siluriens de l'Orne. Bull. de
la Soc. Linn. de Normandie, ser. 4, iii. (1889). [Sep. pp, 17].

(Discusses distribution over geologic outcrops.)
Lett, H.W:

474—Report on the Mosses, Hepatics and Lichens of the Mourne
Mountain district. Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. 3d ser., i. 265-325 (1890).

(List of 54 Hepaticæ.)
Leunis, J

475—Synopsis der drei Naturreiche. II. Theil. Botanik. Sen. Han-
nover (1886).

(General account of Hepaticæ with synopses of some genera, etc.)
Levier, E.

476—Una varieta nuova inermis della Riccia atromarginata Lev.
Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xxii. 288 (1890).

D een TT iR p I qp tre rnm

45

477—Crittogame dell’ Alta Birmannia, raccolte dal Sig. Leonardo
Fea. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xxiii. 600-602 (1891).
(List of 10 Hepatic; describes I new species.)

Libert, Marie Anna. Malmedy, France, 7 April 1782. + Malmedy,
14 Jan. 1865.
478—Sur un genre nouveau d'Hépatiques, Lejeunia. Ann. Gen. des

Sci. Phys. (Bruxelles) vi. 372-374. t. 96 (1820).
479—Plantae Cryptogamicæ Ardennes (1830-37).

(Includes 13 Hepaticæ, Nos. 10, 11, 110, III, 209-213, 309-312.)

Liebmann, Frederick Michael. Helsenör, Denmark, ro Oct. 1813.
T Kopenhagen, 29 Oct. 1856. See Gottsche, C. M.

Lightfoot, John.
18 Feb. 1788
480—Flora Scotica: or a systematic arrangement in the Linnæan

method of the native plants of Scotland and the Hebrides. 2 vol. 8vo.

pp. xlii. 1151, 35 tab. London (1777).

(Includes the Hepaticæ pp. 719-800.)
Limpricht, Karl Gustav. Eckersdorf bei Lagan, Germany, 11 July
1834.

— —, England, 9 Dec. 1735. t Uxbridge,

481—Ueber das Vorkommen der Lebermoose im Schlesisch-Mihris-
chen Gesenke. Jahresb. der Schles. Gesellsch. xlix. 75-81 (1871).

482—Lebermoose, in Cohn: Kryptogamen-Flora von Schlesien.
1227-352, 429-444 (1877).

(Includes 134 Hepaticæ.

483—Schlesische Lebermoose. Hedwigia, xv. 17-19 (1876).

484— Die Lebermoose der hohen Tatra. Jahresb. der Schles. Ges-
ellsch. liv. 143-152 (1877).

(List of 100 Hepaticæ.) ;

485—Zur Lebermooseflora der hohen Tatra. Hedwigia, xvi. 59-62
(1877).

486— Die deutschen Sauteria-Formen. Flora, Ixiii. 90-93 (1880). `

487—Neue und kritische Lebermoose. Jahresb. der Schles. Ges-
ellsch. Ivii. 311-317 (188o).

488 — Ueber Gymnomitrium adustum N. v. E. Flora, lxiv. 71-76
(1881).

489—Neue Arten und Formen der Gattung Sarcoscyphus Corda.
Jahresb. der Schles. Gesellsch. lviii. 179-184 (1881).

490—Neue Muscineen für Schlesien. Jahresb. der Schles. Genii
lviii. 184-186 (1881).

491—Eine verschollene Jungermannia (J. Marchica). Flora, lxv.
45-48 (1882).

46

492—Ueber verschollene Jungermannien. Jahresb. der Schles. Ge-
sellsch. lix. 313, 314 (1882).

493—Neue Bürger der schlesischen Moosflora, B. Lebermoose.
Jahresb. der Schles. Gesellsch. lx. 242, 243 (1883).

494—Einige neue Arten und Formen bei den Laub-und Lebermoosen.
Jahresb. der Schles. Gesellsch. Ixi. 204-226 (1884).

Lindberg, Sextus Otto. Stockholm, Sweden, 29 March 1835. + Hel-

singfors, Finland, 20 Feb. 1889.

495—Skandinaviska florans novitier: Sphagum en C. Mull.
och Radula aquilegia Tayl. Bot. Notiser, 121-124 (185

496— Ueber das Vorkommen von aetherischen a in Léo
Flora, xlv. 545, 546 (1862).

497—Etheriska oljors forek ommande i Lefvermossor. Pharmaceu-
tisk Tidskrift, 49, 5o (1863).

498—Granskning af Mossorna ati Vaillant's Botanicon parisienne.
Ófvers. af Kongl. Vet.-Akad. Forhandl. xx. (1863). [Sep. 6 pp.]

499—Anomodon apiculatus, Br. et Sch. et Fimbriaria Lindenbergii,
Corda novae flora Scandinaviae cives. Bot. Notiser, 125—127 (1865).

500—Sauteria seriata, Lindb. dioica (?) pedunculis in medio frondis
serratis. Hedwigia, v. 33, 34 (1866).

501—Jungermania polaris n. sp. Ofvers. af Kongl. Vet.-Akad. För-
handl. xxiii. 560 (1866).

502—Forteckning öfver Mossor insamlade under de Svenska Expedi-
tionerna till Spitzbergen 1858 och 1861. Ofvers. af Kongl. Vet.-Akad.
Forhandl. xxiii. (1867). [Sep. 14 pp.]

503—Nägra till den Skandinaviska floran riknade Lefvermossor an-
gäende hvilkas dels utbredning dels plats i systemet, enligt hvad han
ausag origtiga äsigter gjort sig gallande. Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et
Flora Fenn. i. 96-97 (1876).

504—En fór den Skandinaviska floran ny Lefvermossa, Harpanthus
scutatus. Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et flora Fenn. i. 98 (1876)

505—lakttag elser rörande slägtena Riccia, Preissia, Metzgeria, Rad-
ula. Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. i. 105-107 (1876).

506—Siva senaste undersökningar af Lefvermoos-slägtena Lejeunea,
Lophocolea och Jungermania. Medd. af Soc. pro Fatına et flora Fenn.
i. 108-109 (1876).

507—Sauteria alpina i Norden till hórande tvä skilda arter. Medd.
af Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. i. 112—113 (1876). :

508—Monographia Metzgeriæ. 8vo., pp. 48, 2 pl. Helsingfors, 1877.
. 509—Utredning af de under namm af Sauteria alpina sammanblan-
dade former. Bot. Notiser, 73-78 (1877).

4T

5ro—Riccia bicarinata n. sp. Rev. Bryol. iv. 41-42 (1877).

511—En liten profbit pa nammförbistring. Not. ur Sällsk. pro Fauna
et Flora Fenn. ix. (1867). [Sep. pp. 18].

(Notes on nomenclature ; synonymy of Pallavicinia.)

512—Musci Novi Scandinavici. Not. ur Sällsk. pro Fauna et Flora
Fenn. x. 255-299 (1868).

(List of Scandinavian Marchantiacez ; notes on synonymy.)

513—Nya Mossor. Ofvers. af Finska Vet. Soc. Förhandl. xii.
(1869). [Sep. pp. 15].

514—Utredning af Skandinaviens Porella-Former. Acta Soc. Sc.
Fenn. ix. 329—345 (1869).

515—Revisio critica iconum in opere Flora Danica muscos illustran-
tium. Acta Soc. Sc. Fenn x. (1871).

516—Spridda anteckningar rörande de Skandinaviska Mossorna. Bot.
Notiser, , 133—141, 162-168 (1872).

517—Contributio ad Flora Cryptogamicam Asiae Boreali Orientalis.
Acta Soc. Sc. Fenn. x. 223-280 (1872).

518—On Zoopsis H. f. et Tayl. Jour. Linn. Soc. xiii. 188-203
(1872).

519—Remarks on Mesotus Mitt. Jour. Linn. Soc. xiii. 182—185
(1873).

520—Manipulus Muscorum Secundus. Not. pro Fauna et Flora
Fenn. xiii. 353-418 (1874).

521—Pallavicinia v. Flotowi och Aneura latifrons. Not. pro Fauna
ct Flora Fenn. xiii. 487 (1874).

522—Hepatice in Hibernia mense Julii 1873 lectae. Acta Soc. Sc.
Fenn. x. 467—559 (1875).

523—Om gruppen Fossombroniæ. Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et Flora
Fenn. i. 91 (1876).

524—Hepaticologiens Utveckling fran äldsta tider till och med Linne.
4to., pp. 51 Helsingfors (1877).

525—On Riccia spuria Dicks. Jour. of Bot., n. ser., vii. 55 (1878).

526—T v4 för Finksa floran nya mossor samt om Leptoscyphus Mitt.
Medd. äf Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. iii. 170, 171 (1878).

527—Cephalozia obtusiloba, n sp. Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et Flora
Fenn. iii, 172 (1878).

528—Om Jungermania julacea L., J. nivalis Sw. och J. setiformis
Ehrh. Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. iii. 172, 173 (1878).

529— Eit nytt slägte Peltolepis. Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et Flora
Fenn. iii. 174, 175 (1878).

530—Fyra för Finkska floran nya Lefvermosser. Medd. af Soc. pro
Fauna et Flora Fenn. iii. 183, 184 (1878).

48

531—Cephalozia catenulata, Porella platyphylloides, etc, Medd. af
Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. iii. 187-189 (1878).

532—En utredning af nagra Riccia-arten synonymi; Cesia obtusa n.
sp.; Diplophyllum taxifolium; Madotheca simplicior, etc. Medd. af
Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. iii. 189-191 (1878).

533—Jungermannia Mildei i Finland. Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et
Flora Fenn. iii. 201 (1878).

534—Musci Scandinavici in systemate novo naturali dispositi. 8vo.
pp. 5o, Upsala (1879).

535—Musci nonnulli Scandinavici descripti. Medd. af Soc. pro
Fauna et Flora Fenn. v. 1—18 (1879).

536—Distinctio Scapaniæ Carinthiacæ e Sc. apiculata. Rev. Bryol.
vii. 77, 78 (1880).

537—Musci Scandinavici. Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn.
v. (1880).

538—Riccia ciliata i Finland. Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et Flora
Fenn. vi. 188, 189 (1881).

539—En fór floran ny Lefvermossa, Nardia condensata. Medd. af
Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. vi. 192, 193 (1881).

540—Nardia intricata n. sp.; Riccardia fuscovirens n. sp. etc. Medd.
af Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. vi. 193—199 (1881),

541—T vá för landets floran nya Lefvermossor. Medd. af Soc. pro
Fauna et Flora Fenn. vi. 230, 231 (1881).

542—Tvenne for Skandinavien nya Lefvermossor. Medd. af Soc.
pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. vi. 232 (1881).

543—Cephalozia media n. sp. Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et Flora
Fenn. vi. 241, 242 (1881).

544—Monographia . precursoria Peltolepidis, Sauteriæ et Clevex.
Acta Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. ii. No. 3, 1-15 (1882).

545—Kritisk granskning af Mossorna i Dillenii Historia Muscorum
1741. 8vo. pp. 59. Helsingfors (1883).

546—Historiska data rorande vas kannedom om Mossporensgroning.

8vo. pp. 11. Helsingfors (1884).

547—Sandea et Myriorrhynchus, nova Hepaticarum genera. Acta
Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. ii. No. 5, 1-9 (1884).

548—Scalia Hookeri et Fossombronia Scandinavicæ vive descripta.
Rev. Bryol. xii. 33-44 (1885).

549—Sur la Morphologie des Mousses. Rev. Bryol. xiii., 49-60, 87—
94, 100-109 (1886).

sso—En für floran ny Lefvermossa, Cephalozia lacinulata. Medd.
af Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. xiii. 208 (1886).

49

551—Prof pa egendomlig geografisk utbredning (Anthelia nivalis).
Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn. xiii. 232 (1886).

552—]ungermania Kaurini och J. Marchica. Medd af Soc. pro
Fauna et Flora Fenn. xiii. 233 (1886).

553—Bidrag till Nordens Moosflora, I. Medd. af Soc. pro Fauna et
Flora Fenn. xiv. 63-67 (1887).

554—De planta masculo Pleuroziæ purpureæ. Rev. Bryol. xiv. 17-
19 (1887).

555—Hepaticæ nove Lusitanicæ. Rev. Bryol. xiv. 19-21 (1887).
Lindberg, S. O. et Arnell, H. W.

556—Musci Asiae Borealis. Beschreibung der von den Schwedischen
Expeditionen nach Sibirien in den Jahren 1875 und 1876 gesammelten
Moose mit Berücksichtigung aller früheren bryologischen Angaben für
das russische Nord-Asien. Erster Theil, Lebermoose. Kongl. Svenska
Vet.-Akad. Handl. xxiii. No. 5, 1-69 (1889).

(Includes 98 Hepaticæ; several new species.)
Lindberg, S. O., et Lackstrom, E. F.

557—Hepaticæ Scandinavicæ exsiccatae. Fasc. I. Nos. 1-25. 14
pp. text. Helsingfors (1874).

Lindenberg, Johann Bernhard Wilhelm. t Bergedorf, Germany, 6

June 1851. See also Gottsche, C. M.

558—Synopsis Hepaticarum Europaearum. Nova Acta Acad. Caes.
Leop. xiv. Suppl. pp. 126, 2 tab. Bonn (1829).

559—Ueber die Lebermoos Gattungen, Corsinia und Grimaldia.
Flora, xvi. 161-176 (1833).

560— Monographie der Riccien. Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. xviii.
361—504, tab, xix.—xxxvii. (1836).

(The last general monograph of this group.)
Lindenberg, J. B. W., et Gottsche, C. M.

561— Species Hepaticarum. 4to. 67 tab. col. Bonn (1839-51).

(Contains elaborate monographs of Plagiochila, Fasc. L-V. pp. xxix. 164, 33 tab.;
Lepidozia, Fasc, VL, VII. pp. 78, 12 tab.; Mastigobryum, Fasc. VIIL-XI. pp. xii.
117, 22 tab.)

562—Plante Kegelianæ; expositio Hepaticarum Surinamensium.
Linnza, viii. 625-639 (1851).
Lindenberg, J. B. W., et Hampe, E

563—Hepaticae ii: no, viii. 300-304, 640, 641
(1851).

(List of Hepaticæ collected in Jamaica and Costa Rica.)

Mo. Bot. Garden,
1896.

50

Lindsay, W. Lander.

564—List of Mosses and Hepaticz collected in Otago, New Zealand.
Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh, ix. 22-27 (1868

Linnaeus, Carl Rashult in Småland, Sweden, 23 May 1707.

T Upsala, ro Jan. 1778.

565—Systema Nature, sive regna tria nature systematice proposita
per classes, ordines, genera et species. (1735), Ed. X. (1758-59). Ed.
XII. (1766-68); Ed. XIII. (1788-93).

566—Genera Plantarum, etc. (1737); Ed. III. (1752).

567—Species plantarum, etc. 2 vol. 8vo. pp. 1200, Holmiz (1753).

(Contains 44 species of Hepaticæ, pp. 1131-1140; divided among Jungermania 27
species, Targionia 1 species, Marchantia 7 species, Blasia 1 iind Riccia 4 species,
Anthoceros 3 species; Porella with 1 species is classed with the Mus
Loitlesberger, K.

568—Beitrag zur Kryptogamenflora Oberösterreichs. Sitzungsb. der
zool.-bot. Gesellsch. (Wien), xxxix. 287—292 (1889).
Lojacono-Pojero, M

569—Primo elencho Epaticologia di Sicilia. Il Naturalista Siciliano,
viii. 211—220, 240-247 (1889)

(List of 37 Hepaticz including two new species of Riccia.)

Lucas, C.

570—Neue Beiträge zur Moosflora der Provinz Brandenburg. Deutsche
Botanishe Monatschrift, 101-105, 185—188 (1885).

(List of 50 Hepaticæ.)

Luerssen, Christian.

571—Handbuch der systematischen Botanik. Erster Band, Krypto-
gamen. 8vo., Leipzig (1879).

(General account of the Hepaticz, p. 376; Structure of the orders; Genera repre-
sented in Germany with brief account of the more common species.)

Lützow, C.

572—Berichte über die botanische Untersuchung eines Theiles des
neustädter Kreises. Mittheil. des westpreuss. bot.-zool. Vereins, iv. 71—
103 (1881). Also under same title in Schrift. der naturfor. Gesellsch.
in Danzig, v. 88-120 (1882).

. 573—Bericht über die im Sommer 1881 fortgesetzte boite Unter-
suchung des Kreises Neustädt. Weeer Jahresb. des westpreuss-
bot.-zool. Vereins, v. 164-197 (1882).

574—Von den botanischen Excursionen pro 1885-1885 zu verzei-
chende Moose. Schrift. der naturf. Gesellsch. in Danzig, vi. 115-117
(1886).

(List of 22 Hepaticze.)

51

Macchiati, M.

575—Catalogo delle piante raccolto nei diutorni di Reggio-Calabria
dal Settembre 1881 al Febrajo 1883. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xvi. 59—
100 (1884).

(List of 27 Hepaticæ.)

576—Contribuzione alla flora briologica nei diutorni di Cuneo.
Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xvii. 320—329 (1885).

(List of 14 Hepaticæ.)

577—Prima contribuzione alla flora del Viterbese. Atti della Soc.
del Nat. di Modena, ser. iii., vii. 7-61 (1888).

(List of 10 Hepaticæ.)
Mackay, James Townsend. (Dublin, Ireland, 15 Feb. 1862. See

Taylor, Thomas.

Malpighi, Marcello. Crevalcuore, (near Bologna), Italy, ro March
1628. t Rome, 29 Nov. 1694.
578—Anatome Plantarum. Pars altera. Folio, pp. 93, 39 tab. (1679.)
a.)

(Figures one hepatic, identified by Lindberg as Lunularia.

Marchal, E.
579—Materiaux pour la flore cryptogamique de la Belgique. : Comptes

Rendus des seances de la Soc. Roy. de Bot. de Belgique, xxii. 29-35,

77-89, 96—101 (1883).

(List of 67 Hepaticæ.)

Marchant, Jean. , France, about 1650. Ÿ Paris, 1738.

58o— Observations touchant la nature des Plantes, et de quelques-unes
de leur parties cachies ou inconnues. Mem. del’ Acad. des Sc. 99-
Io8 (1711).

Martelli, U.
581—Sulla Lejeunea inconspicua Rd. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xx.

343 (1888).
582—Una nuova specie di Riccia. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xxi.

290-292 (1889).

Martius, Karl Friedrich Philipp von. Erlangen, Germany, 17 April
1794. T München, 13 Dec. 1868.
583—Flora cryptogamica Erlangensis, sistens vegetabilia e classe

ultima Linn, in agro Erlangensi hucusque detecta. 8vo. pp. lxxviii.

508, 6 tab. Nuremberg (181 7).
584—Flora Brasiliensis. Vol. L.: Pars prior: Algæ, Lichenes, He-

Paticæ. 8vo. pp. iv. 390. Stuttgart et Tubingen (1833).

(Hepaticæ, by Nees von Essenbeck, pp. 293-390.)

52

Martrin-Donos, Victor, Compte de, et Jeaubernat, E.
585—Florule du Tarn, ou Enumération des plantes, qui croissent
spontanément dans le départment du Tarn. Deuxieme Partie: Vege-
taux cellulaires. 8vo. pp. xxix., 278. Paris (1867).
(Includes the Hepaticæ, pp. 157-176.)

Massalongo, Caro. Verona, Italy, 25 March 1852. See also Bes-

cherelle, E., Bottini, A.

586—Enumerazione delle Epatiche finora conosciute nelle provincie
Venete Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. ix. 1—20 (1877).

587 —Epatiche rare e critiche delle provincie Venete. Atti della Soc.
Veneto-Trent. di Sc. Nat. V. t. i. ü. (1877): [Sep. 16 pp.]

588—Hepaticologia Veneta, ossia monografie delle Epatiche conosciute
nelle provincie Venete. , 3 tav. Padova, 1879.

589—-Duae species novz e genere Lejeunia quas circa Buenos Ayres
legit C. Spegazzini. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xiii. 122—124, t. iv.
(1881).

59o— Sur la decouverte du Dumortiera irrigua (Wils.) Nees en Italie.
Rev. Bryol. xi. 6, 7 (188

591—Epatiche raccolte alla Terra del Fuoco dal Dott. C. Spegazzini
nell anno 1882. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xvii. 201—277, 17 tav.
(1885).

592—Repertorio della Epaticologia Italica. Ann. del R. Ist. Bot. di
Roma, ii. 87-155, t. VII-IX (1886). [Sep. pp. 71

593— Hepatic Italize- Venetae exsiccatæ. 4 fasc. (Nos. 1—120)(1878-
1881).

594—Appunti Statistici sull' Epaticologia Italica con relative indica-
tioni fitografiche. Atti del Congr. Nazionale di Bot. Crittog. in Parma,
1887. (Sep. pp. 16.)

595—Osservazioni critiche sulle specie e varietà di Epatiche Italiane
create dal DeNotaris. Ann. del Ist. Bot. di Roma, iii. t. xix. (1888).
(Sep. pp. 15.)

596— Nuova specie di Lejeunea scoperta dal Dott. C. Rossetti in Tos-
cana. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xxi. 485—487 (1889).

597—Illustrazione di una nuova varietà di Frullania dilatata (L.)
Dmrt. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xxi. 518-521 (1889).

598—Nuova abitazione della Lejeunea Rossettiana Mass. Nuovo
Giorn. Bot. Ital. xxii. 295—296 (1890).

599—Di due Epatiche da aggiungersi alla Flora Italica. Nuovo
Giorn. Bot. Ital. xxii. 549—550 (1890).

53

Massalongo, C. et Carestia, A.

600—Epatiche delle Alpi Pennine. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xii.
306—366, t. viii.-xi. (1880).

601—Epatiche delle Alpi Pennine ulteriori osservazioni ed aggiunte.
Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xiv. 212—258, t. x.-xiv. (1882

602 Trois éspeces d'Hépatiques nouvelles pour la région des Alpes
Pennines. Rev. Bryol. x. 102—103 (1883).

Matthieu, C. |
603—Flore générale de la Belgique, contenant la description de toutes
les plantes qui croissent dans ce pays. 2 vols. 8vo. Bruxelles (1853).

Mattirolo, Oreste.

604—Contribuzione alla biologia delle Epatiche. Movimenti igro-
scopici nel tallo delle Epatiche Marchantieæ. Malpighia, II. 181—223,
2 tav. (1888).

6o5— Contribution à la biologie des Hépatiques. Mouvements hygro-
scopiques dans la Thallus des Hépatiques Marchantiées. Archiv. Ital.
de Biol. xi. fasc. III. (1889)

McAndrew, J. mg
6o6—Radula voluta Tayl. in Scotland. Jour. of Bot. xxvii. 51
(1889).
McArdle, David. ‘
607—Notes on some new or rare Irish Hepatice. Proc. Roy. Dublin
Soc. iii. 17-21, Pl. V., VI. (1881).
608—Hepatice of Wicklow. Jour of Bot. xxvii. 11, 12 (1889).
609—Hepatice of Loughbray, County Wicklow. Jour. of Bot.
xxviii. 356-361 (1890).
Mclvor, William Graham. j
610— Hepaticæ Britannicæ, or Pocket Herbarium of British Hepaticæ.
Small 8vo. New Brentford (1847)
(Collection of 1 36 species, the specimens mostly small.)
Meissner. DOES
611—Hepaticz Javanicæ a Zollingero collecte. Bot. Zeit. vi. 462,
463 (1848).
Merrett, Chr.
612—Pinax rerum naturalium britannicarum. (166
(Mentions one hepatic, identified by Lindberg as Anthoceros punctatus, )
Meyen, Franz derat Ferdinand. Tilsit, Germany, 28 June 1804.
T Berlin, 2 Sept. 1

54

613—Neues System der Pflanzenphysiologié. 3 vol. 8vo. Berlin
(1837-9)

(General account of the Hepaticæ; first figure of antherozoids—those of Aneura
pinguis, iii. t. xii. f. 39, 40
Michaux, Andre. Versailles, France, 7 March 1746. + Madagascar,

13 Nov. 1802.

614—Flora Boreali Americans. 2 vol. 8vo. Paris (1803).

(Describes 13 Hepaticæ, vol. ii., pp. 276-280.)
Mitcheli, Pier’ Antonio. Florence, Italy, 11 Dec. 1679. + Florence,

x jun 1737.

615—Nova plantarum genera. 4to., pp. 234, 108 tab., Florence
(1729).

(Contains figures and descriptions of about 50 Hepaticæ; establishes the genera

Targionia, Sphærocarpus, Lunularia, Marsilia [ Pellia Raddi], Anthoceros, Blasia and _

Riccia.)
Micheletti, L

616— Elenco di Muscinee raccolte in Toscana. Nuovo Giorn. Bot.
Ital. xxiii. 561—575 (1891).

(List of 19 Hepaticæ.)
Milde, Julius. Breslau, Germany, 2 Nov. 1824. t Meran, 3 July
187x.

617—Zur Kenntniss von Anthoceros und Blasia. Bot. Zeitung, ix
629, 630 (1851).

618—Chameceros fertilis Milde, ein neues Genus aus der Familien
der Anthoceroteen. Bot. Zeitung, xiv. 767 (1856).

619—Chamæceros fertilis Milde, novum Genus e Familia Anthocero-
teum. Nova Acta Acad. Cæs. Leop. xxvi. 167—174, t. XII. (1857).

620—Rechtfertigung des Genus Chamæceros gegen Herrn Professor
Lehmann. Bot. Zeitung, xv. 199—201 (1857).

621—JUeber das Genus Notothylas Sulliv. Bot. Zeitung, xvii. 33-49
41-47, 49-55, Pl. IL. (1859).

622—Ueber eine neue Jungermannia (J. Mildeana). Jahresb. Schles.
Gesellsch. xlv. 103 (1867).
Millspaugh, Charles Frederic. Ithaca, N. V., 20 June 1854.

623—Flora of West Virginia. Bull. No. 24, West Va. Agric. Exper.
Sta. II. 313-538 (1892).

(Includes list of 28 Hepaticæ, pp. 495-498, with description and plate of Plagio-

chila Virginica, Evans, n. sp.)
Mirbel, Charles Francois. Paris, France, 27 March 1776. + Cham-
perret, 12 Sept. 1854.

55

624—Recherches anatomiques et physiologiques sur le Marchantia |
polymorpha, pour servir à l'histoire du tissu cellulaire, de l'epiderme et
des stomates. Mus. Hist. Nat. Nouv. Mem. i. 93-130 (1832): Ann,
Sci. Nat. xxv. 73-87 (1832) ; Mem. Acad. Sci. xiii. 337-373 (1835).

624a—Complement des observations sur le Marchantia polymorpha,
suivi de recherches sur les métamorphoses des utricules et sur l'origin,
les développments et la structure de l'anthére et du pollen des végétaux
phanérogames. Guillemin, Arch. Bot. i. 97-124 (1833); Mem. Acad.
Sci. xiii. 375-436 (1835).

624b— Rapport sur un mémoire de M. Montagne concernant les or-
ganes máles du genre Targionia. Comptes Rendus, vii. 113, 117 (1838).
Mitten, William. Hurstpierpoint (Sussex), England, 3o Nov. 1819.

. See also Hart, H. C., Hemsley,

625—A List of all the Mosses did Hépatiodh hitherto observed in
Sussex. Ann. Nat. Hist. viii. 305-324, 362-370 (1851).

626— Catalogue of Cryptogamic Plants collected by Wm. Jameson in
the vicinity of Quito. Lond. Jour. Bot. iii. 49-57, 351-361, (Hepaticae,
357-361) (1851).

627—Hepaticae of Isthmus of Pamama, in Seeman: Voyage of H.
M. S. Herald, 1845-51, 245-246. London, 1852-7.

628 —Hepaticae, in Flora Novae Zelandiae: Botany of Antarctic
Voyage of H. M. Discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the years 1839-
1843, ii. 125—172 (1855).

629—A List of the Musci and Hepaticæ collected in Victoria, Aus-
tralia, by Dr. F. Müller. Jour. of Bot. viii. 265-266 (1856).

630—A List of Hepaticæ collected by the Rev. Charles Parish at
Moulmein. Jour. of Bot. viii. 353-357 (1856).

631—Hepaticæ, in Flora Tasmaniæ: Botany of Antarctic Voyage of
H. M. Discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the years 1839-1843, il.
221-241 (1860).

632—Musci et Hepaticæ Vitienses. Bonplandia, ix. 365—367 (1861);
X. 19 (1862).

633—Hepaticæ Indiæ Orientalis. Jour. Linn. Soc. v. 89—128
(1861).

634— On some new species of Musci and Hepaticæ in the Her barium
of Sir W. J. Hooker, collected in Tropical Africa chiefly by the late Dr.
Vogel and Mr. Barter (1860). Linn. Soc. Trans. xxiii. 51—58 (1862).

635—On the Musci and Hepaticæ from the Cameroons Mountains
and from s ëch Niger. Jour. Linn. Soc. vii. rd Fu

36—A new Genus of Hepaticæ. Jour. Linn. S

Gacy.

56

63 a ous to the Flora of the Atlantic Islands. Jour. Linn.
Soc. viii. 1-10

638—The Beales of the Survey of the 49th Parallel of Latitude.
Jour. Linn. Soc. viii. 12-55 (1865).

639— On some species of Musch and Hepaticæ additional to the Floras
of Japan and the Coast of China. Jour. Linn. Soc. viii. 148-158 (1865).

(Describes Solenostoma radicillosum and Chilcscyphus planus new.)

640—Hepatice, in Seeman: Flora Vitiensis, 404—419 (1865-1873).

641—Hepatice, in Godman: Natural History of the Azores, 316—
328 (1870).

(Includes 68 species with descriptions of Chiloscyphus denticulatus n. sp. 320.
Nowellia n. g. 321, Exormotheca n. g. 325, with E. pustulosa n. sp. 326, the last
from Madiera.)

642—The Musci and Hepaticæ collected by H. N. Moseley, M. A.,
Naturalist to D M. S. **Challenger." Jour. Linn. Soc. xv. 59-73
(1877).

643—A list of the Musci and Hepaticæ collected in Kerguelen’s Is-
land by the Rev. A. E. Eaton, A. M. Jour. Linn. Soc. xv. 193-197
(1877).

644—List of Hepaticæ colleeted by the Rev. A. E. Eaton at the Cape
of Good Hope (August and September, 1874). Jour. Linn. Soc. xvi.
187—196 (1878).

645—Hepaticæ, in iue of Kerguelen Island : Transit of Venus
Expedition (1874), 32-37.

646—The Collections from Rodriquez.-Hepaticæ. Phil. Trans. Lon-
don, clxviii. 396—401. 3 tab. (1879

647—Enumeration of the Plants tide collected in Kerguelen Is-
land by the **Antarctic," ‘ Challenger," and ‘British Transit of
Venus" Expeditions. IIL Hepaticæ. Phil. Trans. London, clxviii.
40-45 (1879).

648—Some new species of the Genus Metzgeria. Jour. Linn. Soc.
xxii. 241—243 (1887).

649—The Mosses and Hepaticz collected in Central Africa by the
Right Rev. James Hannington, Bishop of Mombesa, F. L. S., F. G. S.,
etc., with some others, including those gathered by Mr. H. H. John-
ston on Kilimanjaro. Jour. Linn. Soc. xxii. 298—328, Pl. XV.-XIX.
(1887).

650—Musci of Roraina Expedition of 1884. Trans. Linn. Soc. ii.
296, 297 (1887).

651—An Enumeration of all species of Musci and Hepaticæ recorded
from Japan. Trans. Linn. Soc., 2d ser., iii. 153-206, t. LVIII. (189r).

57

652—Hepaticæ, in Hemsley: Report on the Botany of Juan Fernan-
dez, the S. E. Moluccas and the Admiralty Is. Challenger Exped.,
Bot. i. 84-89, 213, 262, 263 (1885).

653—An Enumeration of the Musci and Hepaticæ collected in Portu-
gal, 1842-50, by Dr. Fried. Welwitsch, with brief notes and observa-
tions. š

(Includes 29 Hepaticæ. Separate only seen.)

654—Hepatice, in Meliss : St. Helena. (Not seen.)

Mohl, Hugo von. Stuttgart, Germany, 8 April 1805. + Tübingen, 1
April 1872.
655—Einige Bemerkungen über die Entwickelung und den Bau der

Sporen der cryptogamischen Gewächse, Flora, xvi. 33-46, 49-63, 65-

78 (1833).

656— Ueber die Entwickelung der Sporen von Anthoceros levis.
Linnza, xiii, 273-290, t. V (1839).

637—Ueber den Bau des Chlorophylls. Bot. Zeitung, xiii, 105-107
(1855).

(Includes notes on Anthoceros levis.)

Mohr, Daniel Matthias Heinrich. Kiel, 26 Aug. 1808. See
Weber, F.

Montagne, Jean François Camille. Vaudoy (Seine et Marne), France,
15 Feb. 1784. + Paris, 5 Jan. 1866. See also Bory de St. Vincent,
J. B. M., Nees von Esenbeck, C. G.
658—Enumeration des Mousses et des Hépatiques récueillies par M.

Leprieur dans la Guiane centrale, et description de plusieurs nouvelles

especes de ces deux familles. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 2d ser., iii. 193-219,

t. ili, iv. (18353.
659—Notice sur les plantes cryptogames récement découvertes en

France, contenant aussi l'indication de quelque espéces les plus rare de

la Flore Francaise. Hépatiques. Archives de Bot. de Guillemin, i. 224

(1833).

66o0— Des organes máles du Genre Targionia, decouvert sur une espéce
nouvelle du Chili. Comptes Rendus, vi. 197, 198; vii. 113-117 (1838);
Ann. des Sc, Nat., 2d ser., ix. 100-114 (1838).

661—Hepatice, in Premiere Centurie de Plantes cellulaires exotiques
ou indigènes nouvelles. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 2d ser., ix. 38-49 (1838).

662— Cryptogames algériennes, ou plantes cellulaires recueillies par
M. Roussel, pharmacien en chef de l'armée d'Afrique, aux environs
d'Alger. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 2d ser., x. 68-279, 334-345, 2 PI. (1838).

663—Hepatice, in Cryptogamæ Brasiliensis seu Plantæ cellulares

58

quas in itinere per Brasiliam a celeb. Auguste Sainte Hiliare collectas
recensuit observationibusque nonnullis illustravit. Ann. des Sc. Nat.,
2d ser., xii. 42-51, t. i. (1839

664—Sertum a. ikea de la Patagonie. 4to. pp.
19, 7 tab col., Paris (18

(Forming a portion of D’ ER s Voyage dans ? Amerique Meridionale.)

665—Florula Boliviensis. Cryptogames de la Bolivia, récueillies par
Alcide D'Orbigny. 4to, pp. 120, ro tab., Paris (1839).

666— Plantes cellulaires de l'histoire naturelle des iles Canaries. 4to,
pp. 208, 9 tab., Paris ( 1840).

(Forming Part IV. of the work by Webb.and Berthollet.)

667—Hepaticæ, in Seconde Centurie de Plantes cellulaires exotiques
ou indigènes nouvelles. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 2d ser., xiv. 332-337
(1840); xvi. 110-112, 126—128 (1842).

668—Hepatice, in Cryptogamæ Nilgherienses seu Plantarum cellu-
arium in montibus peninsulæ Indice Neelgherries dictis, a cl. Perrottet
collectarum enumeratio. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 2d ser., xvii. 12-21 (1842).

669—Hepaticæ, in Quatrieme Centurie de Plantes cellulaires ex-
otiques ou indigènes nouvelles. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 2d ser., xix. 243-
266 (1843)

67o— Plantes Cellulaires du Voyage au Pôl Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur
les corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee sous le commandement de M. Du-
mont d’Urville, 1837-40. 8vo. pp. xiv. 349, 20 tab., Paris (1845).

671—Hepatice, in D. Ramon de la Sagra : Historia fisica, politica y
natural de la Isla de Cuba. Vol. IX (Bot. Criptog.), 4to. pp. 328, 20
tab. col., Paris (1845).

672— Essai d'Organographie de la Famille des Hépatiques. Extrait
du Dict. Univ. d'histoire naturelle. 8vo. pp. 15, Paris (1845).

673—Hepatice, in Cinquiéme Centurie de Plantes cellulaires ex-
otiques ou indigenes nouvelles. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 3d ser., iv. 346-
355 (1845)

674—Plantæ cellares quas in insulis Philippinensibus a cl. Cuming
collectas recensuit observationibus nonnullis descriptionibusque illustra-
vit. Lond, Jour. Bot. iv. 3-11 (1845).

(Includes 8 Hepatic.) "`
675—Hepaticæ, in Voyage autour du Monde exécuté pendent les

années 1836 et 1837 sur la corvette la Bonité, commandée al M. Vail-
lant. 8vo. avec Atlas folio, Paris (1844-1846).

676—Hepaticæ, in Sixtieme Centurie de Plantes cellulaires exotiques
ou indigénes nouvelles. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 3d ser., x. 111-117 (1848).

677—Hepaticæ, in Septieme Centurie de Plantes cellulaires exotiques
ou indigénes nouvelles. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 3d ser., xi. 34-35 (1849).

Eben arg. x leiten. en Mia GU oa, 2 e SORE EEE EE qi

59

.678— Note sur le genre Riella et description d'une espéce nouvelle.
Ann. des Sc. Nat., 3d ser., xviii. 11-13 (1852)

B M. in Gay : Historia fisica y politica de Chile. vii. 205—
327 (18

( Pando dicbus of 117 Hepaticæ.)

63o—Hepatice, in Cryptogamia Guyanensis, seu Plantarum cellu-
larum in Guyana Gallica annis 1835-1849 a cl. Leprieur collectarum
enumeratio universalis. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 4th ser., iii. 311—321 (1855).

681— Note sur le Boschia, noveau genre de la famille des Hépatiques.
Bull. de la Soc. Bot. de France, iii. 572-576 (1856).

682— Sylloge generum specierumque Cryptogamarum quas in variis
operibus descriptas iconibusque illustratas, nunc ad diagnosim reductas,
nonnullasque novas interjectas, ordine systematico disposuit. 8vo. pp.

498, Paris (1856).

(Includes descriptions of 158 Hepaticæ, pp. 52-95.)

6835— Hepaticz (Plantae Weddelliane), fi in Septiéme Centurie Plantes
cellulaires exotiques ou indigénes nouvelles. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 4th
Ser., v. 348—352 (1856).

684— Hepaticz, in Huitième Centurie Plantes cellulaires exotiques ou
indigènes nouvelles. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 4th ser., vi. 186-199 (1856);
Vii. 149, 150 (1857).

Moore, David. Dundee, Scotland, 23 April 1808. + Dublin, Ireland,

9 June 1879.

685—Ordnance Survey Collections of Counties of Derry and Antrim.
Vol. I. Mosses and Hepaticæ exsiccatæ (1834-8). ——

686—Addenda to the Musci and Hepaticæ of the Flora Hibernica,
with some new habitats for Irish Hepaticæ. Proc. Dublin Nat. Hist.
Soc. v. 89 (1866)

687— Contributions to the British and Irish Musci and Hepaticz.
Proc. Dublin Univ. Zool. and Bot. Assoc. ii. 80- (1863).

688—Anthoceros levis in Ireland. Jour. of Bot. xi. 274 (1873).

689—-Illustrations of the Reproductive Apparatus in Marchantiez.
Quar, Jour. Micros. Science, 215, 216 (1874).

69o—Report on Irish Hepaticæ. Proc. Roy. Irish Acad., 2d ser.,
li. 591-672, 2 Pl. (1876).

(Describes 143 Hepaticæ.)

Morgan, Andrew Price. Centreville, Ohio, 27 Oct. 1836.
691—Flora of the Miami Valley. ı6mo. pp. 68, Dayton, Ohio

(1878).

(Includes list of Hepaticæ.)

60

Moris, Giuseppe Giacinto. Arbassano, Italy, 25 April 1796. + Turin,
18 May 1869.

Moris, G. G. et DeNotaris, G.
692—Flora Caprariæ, sive enumeratio plantarum in Insula Capraria.

Mem. della Reale Accad. di Torino, ser. ii. 59-303, 6 tab. (1839).

[Sep. pp. 244.]

(Includes the Hepaticæ, pp. 175-180; Jung. fragrans, n. sp. 177, t. iv.)

Mottier, David Myers. Patriot, Indiana, 4 Sept. 1864.
693—Notes on the apical growth of Liverworts. Bot. Gazette, xvi.

141—143, pl. XIII. (1891).

Mougeot, Jean Baptisté. Bruyeres, France, 25 Sept. 1776. T Bru-
yeres, 5 Dec. 1858.

Mougeot, J. B., Nestler, C. G. et Schimper, W. P.
694—Stirpes Cryptogamæ Vogeso-Rhenanæ. (15 Fasciculi mit

1500 getrockneten species.) Voges ee
(Contains numerous species of Hepatic

Müller, Ferdinand, Baron von.
695—On some plants from Norfolk Island. Jour. of Bot. xxiii. 353,

354 (1885).

(List of 6 Hepaticæ.)

Müller, W. O.
695a—Cryptogamen-Herbarium der Thuring. Staaten. 5 Theils. pp.

49 (277 getrockneten Species). Gera (1869).

(Contains several Hepaticæ among other cryptogams.)

Murray, George. See Bennett, A. W.

Nàgeli, Carl Wilhelm von. Kilchberg bei Zurich, Switzerland,
27 March 1817. Munich, Germany, ro May 1891.
696—Botanische Beitrage: 2. Entwickelung der Hautdrüsenzellen

und Spaltóffnungen bei Marchantia polymorpha. 3. Wurzelhaare von

Marchantia polymorpha. Linnæa, xvi. 237—285 (1842).
697—Wachthumsgeschichte der Laub- und Lebermoose. (1. Wachs-

thum der Laubachsen bei Echinomitrium. [Metzgeria] 138-150, t. ii.

fig. 1-14. 2. Wachsthum des Brutkeimblattes von Lunularia, 150-158,

t. ii. fig. 1-23. 3. Brutkeimblatt an Jungermannia? 158—164, t. iii.

fig. 24-35. 4. Brutkôrner bei Jungermania exsecta. 164-166, t. iii.

fig. 36-40.) Zeit. fur wissensch. Botanik. 138—166, t. ii., iii. (1845).

Necker, Noel Joseph de. Lille (Nord), France, 1729. t Mannheim,
Germany, 1o Dec. 1793.
698—Methodus Muscorum per classes, ordines, genera et species, cum

synonymis etc. 8vo. pp. xvii. 296, 1 tab. Mannheim (1771).

esas mita Paru i AN Md y

61

699—Elementa Botanica. 3 vol. 8vo. Neowedæ (1791).
(Establishes several genera of Hepaticæ, iii. 339-353.)

Nees von Esenbeck, Christian Gottfried. Auf der Reichenberge bei
Erbach, Germany, 14 Feb. 1776. Breslau, 16 March 1858. See
also Bischof, G. W., Gottsche, C. M., Reinwardt, K. G. K., Mar-
Nus, A.S ZS
a Dos. novum genus ex ordine Hepaticarum cum Hepaticis

elateratis comparatum. Mag. der nat. Freund. zu Berlin, viii. 269-272.

(1818)
701—[Description of Fimbriaria.] Hor. Phys. Berol.

(1820)
7o1a—Hepaticæ, in Lindley: Introduction to the Natural System of

Botany. Edition IL. 8vo. pp. xv. 580, London (1835).
702—Enumeratio plantarum cryptogamicarum Javæ et insularum ad-

jacentium, quas a Blumio et Reinwardtio collectas describi edique

curavit. Fasc. I. Hepaticas complectens. 8vo. pp. viii. 86, Vratislaviæ

(1830).
7o3—Berichtigungen zur Enumeratio plantarum cryptogamicarum

Javæ. Linnæa, vi. 602-623 (18
704—Naturgeschichte der énoncée Lebermoose. 4 vol. sm. 8vo.

Berlin and Breslau (1833-38).

Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. et Bischoff, G. W.

705 —Lunularia alpina und Corsinia lamellosa, zwei neue europäische

Lebermoose. Flora, xiii. 393-404 (1830).

Nees von Esenbeck, C. G., et Montagne, C.
706—Jungermanniearum Herbarii Montagneani species. Ann. des

Sc. Nat., 2d ser., v. 52-72, t. I., II. (1836)

Nestler, C. G. See Mougeot, J. B.

Nicotra, L.

707—Cenno intorno ad alcune Epatiche di Messina. Nuovo Giorn.
Bot. Ital. xviii. 75-77 (1886).
Nordenstrém, H. och Nyman, E.

708—Vaxtgeografiska bidrag till Östergötlands Mossflora. Bot.
Notiser, 16-20 (1889).

(Notes on stations for Hepaticæ.)
Norrlin, J. P.

709—Ofversigt af Torneå (Muonio) och angränsande delar af Kemi
Lappmarkers Mossor och Lefvermossor. Notis. ur Sällsk. pro Fauna et
Flora Fenn. Forhandl. xiii. (1871-4).

(List of so Hepaticæ.)

» 44,

62

Oakes, William. Danvers, Mass., 1 July 1799. ŸIpswich, Mass.,

31 July 1848.
710— Notice of some of the Mosses of New England. Hovey’s Mag.
Hort. xiii. 171-174 (1847).
Oeder, George Christian. Anspach, Germany, 3 Feb. 1728. + Olden-
berg, 28 Jan. 1791.
71r—Icones Plantarum in regnis Daniæ et Norvegiæ in ducatibus
Slesvici et Holsaticæ, et in comitatibus Oldenburgi et Delmenhorstiæ ad
illustrandum opus dei isdem plantis regio jussu exarandum, Flore Dan-
ice inscriptum. Folio, 2880 tab. et textus, Copenhagen (1761-1871).
(Includes many plates of the Hepaticæ : the work of Oeder continued after his
death by others; some of the later text to the Hepaticæ contributed by Gottsche.)
Orten.
711a—Keimung der Lebermoossporen. Sitzb. der wissensch. Akad.
(Wien), (1876).
Pabst, G.
712—Cryptogamen— Flora, III Band: Die Moose. I Abtheilung:
Lebermoose. Folio, pp. 36, 8 Taf., Gera (1877).
Palisot de Beauvois, Ambroise Marie Francois Joseph. Arras,
France, 28 Oct. 1755. Paris, 21 Jan. 1820.
713—Flora d'Oware et de Benin en Afrique. 2 vol. folio, Paris
(1804-1807).
Pancic, Josef. Bribir, Croatia, 6 May 1814. ŸBelgrade, 8 March
1888.
714—Zur Moosflora des Nordostlichen Banates. Verhandl. der zool.—
bot. Verein (Wien), xi. 93-96 (1861).
Payot, Venance.
715— Catalogue des Hépatiques du Mont Blanc et des Alpes Pennines.
Rev. Bryol. xv. 17-24 (1888).
716—Florule du Mont Blanc. 3 me Partie. Les Muscinées des Alpes
Pennines. 12mo. pp. 100.
Pearson, William Henry. Pendleton, England, 22 July 1849. See
also Carrington, B
717— Yorkshire Hepatice. Naturalist, i. (1876.
718—Lejeunea ovata Tayl. in North Wales. Jour. of Bot. xv. 307
(1877)-
719—New British Riccias. Jour. of Bot. xv. 350 (1877).
72o— Discovery of Harpanthus Flotovianus in Scotland. ie Bot.
Soc. Edinb, xiii. 443-447, Pl. XV. (1879).
721—Cesia obtusa Lindb. Jour. of Bot. xviii. 276 (1880).

|
|
|

63

722—On Gymnomitrum obtusum. Jour. of Bot. xviii. 3 31-340
(1880).
723—A new British Jungermania (Jung. socia N.). Jour. of Bot.
xviii. 375 (1880).
724—]ungermania Juratzkana Limpr. in Britain. Jour. of Bot. xix.
116 (1881).
725—On Radula Carringtonii Jack. Jour. of Bot. xx. 141, 142
(1882).
726—On Radula germana Jack. Jour. of Bot. xi. 227—230 (1882).
727—Cephalozia Turneri Hook. in North Wales. Jour. of Bot. xxi.
110 (1883).
728—Marsupella sparsifolia Lindb. Jour. of Bot. xxii. 225-227, t
CCXLVIII. (1884).
729—New British Hepaticæ. Jour. of Bot. xxii. 249 (1884).
730—Hepaticæ Natalenses a clarissima domina Helena Bertelsen
missz. Christiania Vid.-Selsk. Forhandl., No. 3, 1-20, Pl. I.-XII.
(1886).
731—Hepaticæ Knysnane sive Hepaticarum in regione Capensi
** Knysna" Africæ Australis a fabro ferrario Hans Iverson lectarum.
Christiania Vid.-Selsk. Forhandl., No. 9, 1-16, Pl. L-VI. (1887).
732—Blepharostoma palmatum Lindb. Jour. of Bot. xxv. 193-195,
t. CCLXXV. (1887).
733—Lophocolea spicata Tayl. in North Wales. Jour. of Bot. xxvii.
271 (1889).
734—-A new British Hepatic. Jour. of Bot. xxvii. 353-354,
CCXCII. (1889).
735—Scapania planifolia Hook. Jour. of Bot. xxviii. 219 (1890).
736—The Lejeunæ of Lindenberg's Herbarium. Jour. of Bot. xxviii.
377-379 (1890). (Sep. 3 p
737— Review of Dr. Series *: Hepaticæ Bolivianæ.”
xxviii, 252 (1890).
738—List of Canadian Hepaticæ. 8vo. pp. 31, Pl. I.-XII.
treal, 1890.
739—Frullaniæ Madagascarenses precipue e collectionibus Borgeni.
Christiania Vid.-Selsk. Forhandl. No. 2, 1-9, Pl. L-IV. (1891).
740—Lejeuneæ Madagascarienses. Christiania Vid.-Selsk. Forhandl.
No. 8, 1-9, 2 PL (1892).
(List of 33 species; Lopho-lejeunea lepidoscypha n. sp.)
741—A New British Hepatic. Jour. of Bot. xxx. 257, Pl. 327 (1892).
(Description and figure of Marsupella (Cesia) conferta.)
741a—A new British Hepatic. Jour of Bot. xxx. 353, Pl. 329 (1892).
(Description and figure of Scapania aspera.)

t.

Jour. of Bot.

Mon-

64

Peck, Charles Horton, Sandlake, New York, 3o Mar. 1833.
742—Plants of the Summit of Mt. Marcy. 7th Rep. Adirondack

Survey, 401-412 [Sep. 8vo. pp. 12, Albany (1880).]

(List of 10 Hepaticæ.)

743—Reports of State Botanist, in Annual Reports of the Regents of
the University of the State of New Vork, (1869-90).

(28th Rep. for 1868 contains list of 23 species; 15th Report for 1871 mentions one
species; 27th Rep. for 1873 mentions 5 species; and the 41st Rep. for 1890 mentions
2 species of Hepaticz.)

Personne, J.
744—Note sur l'existence de l'iode dans certaines plantes d’ean da

Comptes Rendus, xxx. 478 (1850).

(Notes presence of Iodine in Aneura pinguis.)

Petiver, James. London, England, 20 April 1715.
745—Musei Petiveriani, etc. 8vo. pp. 93, London (1692-170
(Contains notes on two species of Hepatice, identified by Lindberg as Riccia

canaliculata and R, natans.)

Petounikow, Alexis.
746—Sur les organes reproducteurs du Sphærocarpus. Bull. de la

Soc. Bot. de France, xiv. 137—142, Pl. 3 (1867).

Pfeffer, W :
747—Die Oelkorper des Lebermoose. Flora, lvii. 2-6, 17-27, 33-43

Taf. i. (1874).

Pfeiffer, Ludwig. Kassel, Germany, 4 July 1805.
748—Flora von Niederhesen und Munden. 2 vol. 8vo. Kassel

(1847-55).

Philibert.
749—Sur quelques Hépatiques observées à Cannes. Rev. Bryol. ix.

29-54 (1882) ; x. 1—5 (1883)
750—Sur la fructification du Marsupella revoluta Dumortier. Rev.

Bryol. xvii. 33, 34 (1890).

Pichi, P. e Bottini, A.
750—Prime Muscinee dell’ Appen Casentinese. Nuovo Giorn. Bot.

Ital. xx. 321-329 (1888).

(List of 12 Hepaticæ.)

Plukenet, Leonard. , 1642. Ÿ London, England, 1706.
751—Almagestum botanicum, etc. 4to, pp. Weis ee (1696).
(Mentions one hepatic, anes by Lindberg as Pellia e

.752—Amaltheum botanicum, etc. 4to. pp. 214, k pim rx London

(1705).

(Mentions one hepatic, identified by Lindberg as Aneura pinguis.)

65

Pokorny, Alois. Iglau, Austria, 22 May 1826.

753—Notiz über Riccia crystallina und Equisetum— Keimlinge, die
nach hohem Wasser auf abgeschlagertem Schlamme hervorgekommen
sind. Verhandl. des zool.—bot. Vereins (Wien), i. 55, 56 (1852).

754—Ueber die Verbreitung und Vertheilung der Lebermoose von
Unter-Oesterreich. Sitzungsb. der kais. Akad. der Wissench. (Wien),
L. 186—200 (1852).

(List of 71 Hepaticæ.)

755—Vorarbeiten zur Kryptogamen flora von Unter-Oesterreich. I,
Revision der Literatur. Nebst einer systematischen Aufzählung sämmt-
licher in der vorhandener literatur angeführten Cryptogamen aus Unter-
Oesterreich. Verhandl. des zool.-bot. Vereins (Wien), iv. 35-168
(1854).

Polakowsky, H

756—Bryophytas et Cormophytas Costaricensis anno 1875 lectas
enumerat. Jour. of Bot. xxv. 225-231 (1887).

(Three new species of Hepaticæ described by Gottsche.)

Power, Thomas.

757—Contributions toward the Fauna and Flora of Cork. Part II.
Botany. 8vo. pp. 130, London (1845).

(List of 50 species of Irish Hepaticæ.)

Prescher, R.

758—Die Schleimorgane der Marchantieen. Sitzungsb. der kais.
Akad. der Wissensch. (Wien), Ixxxvi. 132-158 (1882).
Preuschoff-Tannsee.

759—Beitrage zur Flora der Provinz Westpreussen. Jahresb. des
Westpreuss, bot.-zool. Vereins, v. 69-74 (1882).

Prien.

76o— Verzeichniss der im oberpfalzischen Theile des bayerischen
Waldes um Falkenau und Nittenau beobachteten Lebermoose. Bericht
des bot. Vereins in Landshut (1874-75-76).

(List of s1 Hepaticze.)

Prost, T. €.

761—Liste des Mousses, Hépatiques et Lichens du departement de la
Lozere. 8vo. pp. 8o, Mende (1828).

Quelet, L

762— Catalogue des Mousses, Sphaignes et Hépatiques des environs
de Montbélard. 8vo. pp- 332 (1869).

Rabenhorst, Ludwig. Treuenbrietzen, Geman 22 March 1806.

T Meissen, 24 April 1881. See also Goztsche, C. M.

66

763—Deutschlands Kryptogamenflora oder Handbuch zur Bestim-
mung der Kryptogamischen Gewächse Deutschlands, der Schweiz, des
Lombardisch-Venetianischen Kónigreichs und Istriens. II. 3, Leber-
moose, Laubmoose und Farn. 8vo. pp. xvi. 352, Leipzig (1848).

(Contains descriptions of 275 Hepaticæ.)

764— Kryptogamenflora von Sachsen, der Oberlausitz, Thuringen und
Nordbóhmen, mit Berücksichtigung der benachbarten Lànder. I. Algen,
Lebermoose, Laubmoose. 8vo. pp. xx. 653, Leipzig (1863).

Raciborski, M.

765—Przyczynek do znajowski watrobowcéw poludniówo zachodnig
Polski. Ber. der physiogr. Commis. der Akad. der Wissensch. in Kra-
kau, xxii. (1881). [Sep. pp. 6.]

(List of 59 Hepaticæ of S. E. Poland.)

766—O obecnym stanie mych badán flory kopalnej ogniotrwatych
glinek krakowskich. Ber. der physiogr. Commis. der Akad. der Wis-
sensch. in Krakau, xxiii. 129-140 (1880).

(Account of fossil Hepaticz of the clays of Kracow.)

Raddi, Giuseppe. Florence, Italy, 9 Feb. 1770. + Rhodos, 6 Sept.

1829.

767—Novarum vel rariorum ex cryptogamia stirpium in agro Floren-
tino collectarum decades duæ. 4to. pp. 13, 2 tab. Bononiz (1818).

768—Di alcune specie nuove di rettili e piante brasiliane. Mem. Soc.
Ital. Sci. di Modena, xviii. 31 3-349 (1819).

769—Jungermanniographia Etrusca. Mem. di Matem. e di Fisica
della Soc. Ital. delle Sci. (Modena), xviii. 14-56, 7 tab. (1820).

(Contains several genera formed from the genus Jungermania; the work was re-
printed at Bonn 1841.)

770—Crittogame Brasiliane. Mem. Soc. Ital. Sci. di Modena, xix.
27-57 (1823).

(Contains 27 Hepatic.)

771—Supplemento alla Memoria di G. Raddi: Crittogame Brasiliane,
inserta nel precedente ( XIX.) volume, e tavole per servire di corredo alla
medesima. Mem. Soc. Ital. di Modena, xx. 43-54, 6 tav. (1829).

Rattray, John.

772—Observations on the oil bodies of the Jungermanieæ. Trans, `

Bot. Soc. (Edinburgh), 123-128 (1884).

Rau, Eugene Abraham. Bethlehem, Pa., 22 July 1848.

^ 773—List of Colorado Musci and Hepaticæ, collected by T. S:

Brandegee in 1873-75. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, vi. 89, 9o (1876).
(List of 5 Hepaticz.)

61

Ravenel, Henry William. St. John's, S. C. 1g May 1814. + Aiken,
S. C., 17 July 1887.

774—Contributions to the Cryptogamic Botany of South Carolina.
Mosses and Hepaticæ. Charleston Med. Jour. iv. 428—433 (1849).
Ray, John. Black Notley (Essex), England, 29 Nov. 1628. T17

Jan. 1755.

775—Synopsis methodica stirpium britannicarum, etc. 8vo. pp. 317,
London (1690).

(Includes two Hepatic, identified by Lindberg as Pleurozia purpurea and Po-
rella platyphylla.)

Reader, H. P.

776—Monmouthshire Cryptogams. Jour. of Bot. xx. 120 (1882).

(Includes 4 Hepaticæ.)

776a—The Hepaticæ of Gloucestershire. Jour. of Bot. xxiii. 331,
332 (1885).

(List of 32 Hepaticæ).

Reichardt, Heinrich Wilhelm. Iglau, Austria, 16 April 1835.

T Vienna, 2 Aug. 1885.

777—Verzeichniss aller von J. Ch. Neumann in Bóhmen gesammelten
Pflanzen. Verhandl. des zool.—bot. Vereins (Wien), iv. 253-284
(1854).

778—Beitrag zur Moosflora des Wechsels in Niederösterreich. Ver-
handl. des zool.—bot. Vereins (Wien), xi. 161, 162 (1861).

779—Beitrag zur Moosflora Steiermarks. Verhandl. des zool.—bot.
Vereins (Wien), xiv. 137—146 (1864).

78o— Beitrag zur Kryptogamen Flora des Maltathales in Kärnthen.
Verhandl. des zool.-bot. Vereins (Wien), xiv. 721—732 (1864).

781— Diagnosen der neuen Arten von Lebermoosen welche die Novara
Expedition mitbrachte. Verhandl. des zool.-bot. Vereins (Wien), xviii.
957-960 (1868).

(Describes 8 Hepaticæ from Australia, New Zealand and Tahiti.)

781a— Pilze, Leber- und Laubmoose, gesammelte auf der Reise der
Novara um der Erde. 4to. Vienna (1870).

782—Beitráge zur Flora der hawaischen Inseln. Sitzber. der. k. k.
Akad. der Wissensch. (Wien), lxxv. 553-582 (1877).

Reinwardt, Kaspar George Karl. Lütteringhausen, Germany, 3 June

1773. t Leyden, Holland, 6 March 1854.

Reinwardt, K. G. K., Blume, K. L. et Nees ab Esenbeck, C. G.

783—Hepaticæ Javanice. Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. xii. 181—
238, 409-417 (1825). !

68

Renauld, F. et Cardot, J

784— Contributions a la flore des Muscinées des iles austro-africaines
de l'Ocean Indien.. Rev. Bryol. xviii. 55-58 (1891).

(List of the Hepaticæ of Madigascar, etc.)

785—Musci novi vel minus cogniti descripti. II. Bull. de la Soc. Bot.
de Belgique, xxx. 181—207 (1891). III. 72/7, xxxi. 100-123 (1892).

(40 Hepaticæ described by F. Stephani; a part previously published.)
Richard, O. J.

786—Liste de Muscinees recueillies dans le Poitou et la Saintonge.
Bull. de la Soc. de Deux-Sevres, (1886).

(List of 40 Hepaticæ.)
Rimelin, P.

787—Enumération des Mousses et des Hépatiques recueillies au
Chateau de Grignon (Côte-d'Or). Prologium, i. 149-150 (1891).

(List of 7 Hepaticæ.)
Robison, John. Salem, Mass., 13 July 1846.

788—Flora of Essex County [Mass.]. 8vo. pp. 200, Salem (1880).

(Includes list of Hepaticæ.)
Roll, Julius.

789—Vorlaüfige Mittheilung über die von mir in Jahre 1888 in Nord
Amerika gesammelten neuen Arten der Lebermoose. Bot. Centralblatt,
xlv. 203, 204 (1891). x

(Descriptions of Porella Röllii and Marchantia Oregonensis by F. Stephani.)
Röse, A.

790—Verzeichniss der von A. Röse bis jetzt in Thüringen resp. in
thüringer Walde aufgefundenen Lebermoose. Bot. Zeitung. x. 96-99
(1852).

(List of 84 Hepaticze.)
Rossetti, Corrado. Seravezza (Lucca), Italy, 7 Feb. 1866.

791—Appunti di Epaticologia toscana. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xx.
412, 413 (1838).

(List of 21 Hepaticæ.)

E della Toscana nord-ouest. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xx.
461, 462 8).

(Announcement of following paper.)

793—Epaticologia della Toscana nord-ouest. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.
xxii. 305-346 (1890).

(List of 101 Hepaticæ with notes on distribution.)
Rossetti, Corrado, e Baroni, Eugenio.

793a—Frammenti Epatico-Lichenografeci. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.
xxiv. 372-378 (1892).

(List of 22 Hepaticæ from Tuscany.)

69

Roth, Albrecht Wilhelm. Dötlingen (Oldenburg), Germany, 6 Jan.

1757. TBremen, 16 Oct. 1834.

794—Tentamen Flore Germanice. 3 vol. 8vo. Leipzig (1788-1800).
Rothrock, Joseph Trimble. McVeytown, Pa., 9 Apr. 18

795—Sketch of the Flora of Alaska. Rept. Smithsonian Inst. 433~
463 (1867).

(Includes list of 6 Hepaticæ.)
Roze, Ernest. See Bescherelle, E.
Ruppius, Heinrich Bernhard. Giessen, Germany, 1688. Jena, 7

March 1719.

796—Flora Jenensis, sive enumeratio plantarum tam sponte circa
Jenam et in locis vicinis nascentium etc. 8vo, pp. 376 (1718); 2d Ed.
8vo. pp. 311, Frankfurt and Leipzig (1726).

(Includes 13 Hepaticæ ; establishes the genus Jungermania.)
Russ, G. Ph.

797—Uebersicht der Gefässcryptogamen, Laub- und Lebermoose der
Wetterau. 8vo. pp. 68, Hanau (1858).
Russell, John Lewis. Salem, Mass. 2 Dec. 1808. ŸSalem, 7 June

1873

798—Attempt to ascertain some of the Hepatic Mosses of Massachu-
setts with Remarks. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. iii. 465—469 (1845).
Sadebeck, Richard. Breslau, 20 May 1839.

799—Ueber Marchantiaceen. Verhandl. des bot. Vereins der Pro-
vinz Brandenburg (1873). [Sep. pp. 8.]
Salwey, T.

800—A List of certain plants to be met with in the neighborhood of
Barmouth, Dolgelley and Harlech. ı2mo. pp. 40 (1863).

(List of 25 Hepaticæ, pp. 27, 28.)
Sande-Lacoste, Cornelius Marinus van der. Dordrecht, Holland, 5
March 181 5. T Amsterdam, 15 Jan. 1887. See also Dozy, F.

801—Bijdrage tot de Bryologie van Nederland. Van der Hoeven |
en de Vriese Tijdschrift, xi. 165—177 (1844).

8oz—(Review of known Hepaticæ of Holland.) Nederl. Kruidk.
Archief, i. 447 (1848).

(List of 59 Hepaticæ.)

803—Nove species Hepaticarum ex insula Java a Dr. F. Junghuhn
detecta. Nederl. Kruidk. Arch. iii. 415-424, 521-530 (1854). (on:
tinued in) Batavia Nat. Tijdsch. x. 393-398 (1856).

804—Over eene studie der Javaansche Hepaticæ. Verslag Kon.
Akad. v. Wetensch. (Amsterdam), iv. 202-207 (1856).

70

. 805—Synopsis Hepaticarum Javanicarum adjectis quibusdam specie-
bus Hepaticarum novis extra-Javanicis. Verh. der Koninkl. Akad.
v. t. L-XXII. (1856). (Sep. 112 pp.)

806— Hepaticæ Jungermaniaceæ Archipelagi Indici, adjectis qui-
busdam speciebus Japonicis. Ann. Musei Bot. Lugduno-Batavi, i.
(1864).

807—Nieuwe indigene Musci en Hepaticæ (1869). Nederl. Kruidk.
Archief, 2d ser., i. 106-108 (1874).

808—Aanwinsten voor de Flora Bryologica van Nederland. Nederl.
Kruidk. Archief, 2d ser., i. 308-311 (1874).

809—Overzicht der Lebermossoorten welke in dez Provincieen van
Nederland zym waargenommen, gerangschikt van het woorden des lands
naar het zuiden. (1880.)

(Includes 73 Hepaticæ.)

3

Sanio, C.

810—Zahlenverhaltnisse der Flora Preussens. Verhandl. der bot.
Vereins der Provinz Brandenburg, 55-93 (1882).

(List of 71 Hepaticæ,)
Saporta, Gaston, Comte de.

811—Dernieres adjunctions a la Flore fossile d'Aix-en-Provence.
Ann. des Sc. Nat. ser. 7, vii. 1-104 (1888).

Sassi, Agostino.

812—[Note on Antrocephalus Italicus.] Attti di Sc. Ital., 138-139
(1839).
Satter, Hans.

813—Beiträge zur Entwickelungsgeschichte des Lebermoosantherid-
iums. Sitzungsb. der kais. Akad. der Wissensch. (Wien), Ixxxvi. 170-
183 (1882).
Sauter, Anton Eleutherius.

814—Die Lebermoose der Nordseite der Alpen von Salzburg und
Oesterreich. Rabenh. Bot. Centralblatt, i., no. 24 (1846).

815—Die Moosschätze des Unterbergs bei Salzburg. Flora, xli. 382—
386 (1858).

816— Berichtigung die Moosschätze des Unterbergs bei Salzburg.
Flora, xliii. 351 (1860).

817—Die Lebermoose des Herzzogthums Salzburg. Flora, liv. 375-
377 (1871).
Savi, Gaetano. Florence, Italy, 13 June 1769. t Pisa, 28 April 1844.

818—Sinossi delle Epatiche di J. B. Lindenberg. 8vo. Pisa (1831).

71

Schacht, Hermann. Ochsenwärder, Germany, 15 July 1814. t Bonn,

20 Aug. 1864.

819— Beitrag zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der Frucht und Spore von
Anthoceros levis. Bot. Zeitung. viii. 457—464, 473-480, 489-496, taf.
VI. (1850).

820—Ueber Antheridien der Lebermoose. Bot. Zeitung. x. 153-
157 (1852).

Schiffner, Victor. Böhmisch Leipa, 1o Aug. 1862.

821— Observationes de quibusdam Hepaticis. Bot. Centralbl. xxvii.
207-211, 239-243, 1 Taf. (1886).

822—Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Moosflora Bóhmens. I. Theil.
Lotos: Jahrb. für Naturwissensch. vii. (1886). [Sep. 35 pp.]; I. Theil.
Lotos: Jahrb. für Naturwissensch. x. (1890). [Sep. 36 pp.]

823— Note sur le Riella Battandieri Trabut. Rev. Bryol. xiv. 13, 14
(1887).

824—De Jungermannia Hornschuchiana Nees. Bot. Centralbl. xxx.
22-25, 1 Taf. (1887).

825—Lebermoose (Hepaticæ) gesammelt auf der Reise S. M. S. Ga-
zelle, vorzüglich in der Magellan-Strasse, auf den Malayischen Inseln und
Kerguelen-Land. 4to. pp. 48, 8 tab., Berlin, 1890.

Schiffner, V., und Schmidt, Anton.

826— Moosflora des nordlicher Böhmen. Lotos: Jahrb. für Natur-
wissensch. vii. (1886). (Sep. 74 pp.)
Schiller, K.

827— Erstes Verzeichniss der in der dresdener Haide bis Ende 1883
gefundenen Laub-, Leber- und Torfmoose. Sitz. der naturw. Gesellsch.
Isis (Dresden), 1883, 112-114 (1884).

(List of 25 Hepaticz.)

828—Seltene Moosspecies aus Sachsen und Ergänzung des Moosver-
zeichnisses der dresdener Haide. Sitz. der naturw. Gesellsch. Isis
(Dresden), 1887, 7.

(List of 37 Hepaticæ.)

Schmidel, Casimir Cristoph. Bayreuth, Bavaria, 21 Nov. 1718.

T Anspach, 18 Dec. 1792.

829— Icones Plantarum, etc. Folio, pp. 197, 5otab. col., Nuremberg,
(1747). 2nd Ed. (Bischoff), Folio, pp. 280, 75 tab. coL, Erlangen
(1793-7).

83o—De Blasia. Diss. bot. argum. 63-88. [Sep. 4to. pp. 32. I
tab. Erlangen (1759).]

831—De Jungermanniæ charactere. Diss. bot. argum. 89-114. [Sep.
4t0. pp. 29, 1 tab. Erlangen (1760).]

12

Schmidt, Anton. Bühmisch Leipa, 3 June 1842. See Schiffner,

Schrader, Heinrich Adolph. Alfeld bei Hildesheim, Germany, 1 Jan.

1767. T Göttingen, 21 Oct. 1836.
832- Plante Cryptogamicæ nove, rariores aut minus E Jour.
für die Botanik, i, 66-80 (1801).

Schrank, Franz von Paula. Farnbach, Germany, 21 Aug. 1747.
T Munich, 23 Dec. 1835.
833—Baiersche Flora. 2 vol. 8vo. Munich (1789).
834—Primitiæ Floræ Salisburgensis. cum dissertatione prævia de dis-
crimine plantarum ab animalibus. 8vo. pp. xvi. 240, 2 tab. Frankfort
(1792).
Schreber, Johann Christian Daniel. Weissensee, Germany, 16 Jan.
1739. TErlangen, 10 Dec. 18ro.
835— Spicilegium Florae Lipsicae. 8vo. pp. 148, Leipzig (1771).
Schweegrichen, Christian Friedrich. Leipzig, Germany, 16 Sept.
1775. TLeipzig, 2 May 1853.
836—Historia Muscorum hepaticorum Prodromus. 8vo. pp. 39, I
tab., Leipzig (1814).
(The first general synopsis of the Hepaticæ since Linnæus ; includes 128 species.)
837— Ueber Porella pinnata L. oder Jungermannia porella Dicks.,
Madotheca porella Nees. Linnaea, xiii. 113—117, t. xiii. (1839).
Schweinitz, Lewis David von. Bethlehem, Pa., 13 Feb. 1780.
T Bethlehem, 8 Feb. 1834.
838—Specimen Florae Americanae Septentrionalis Cryptogamicae
sistens Muscos Hepaticos huc usque in America septentrionali obser-
vatos. 8vo. pp. 27, Raleigh (1821).
The first systematic attempt to enumerate the Hepaticæ of the United States ; de
scribes 77 species.)
839—On two remarkable Hepatic Mosses found in North Eten
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. (Phila.) ii. 361-370, 1 plate (1822).
(Notes Spherocarpus terrestris and Carpobolus orbicularis.)
Scopoli, Johann Anton. Cavalese im Fleimsthale, Tryol, 3 June 1723.
f Pavia, Italy, 8 May 1788.
840—Flora Carnolica, etc. 2d Ed., 2 vol., 8vo., Vienna (1772).
(Contains the Hepaticæ, pp. 343-355, tab. 63.)
Scully, R. W.

841—Hepaticae found in Kerry, 1889. Jour. of Bot. xxviii. 200—

203 (1890).
Sendtner, Otto. Munich, Bavaria, 1814. t Erlangen, 21 April 1859.

e eegen
emer?

73

Sendtner, O. und Kummer, F.

842—Enumeratio plantarum in itinere Sendtneriano in Bosnia lecta-
um. Flora (1849).

(List of 15 Hepaticæ.)
Simkovits, L.

843—Budapest kórnyékénsk Mohfloraja, Magyar Nóvénijtani-Lapok.
(Klausenburg), iii. 1-9 (1879).

(List of 15 Hepaticæ.)
Sibbald, Robertus. Scotland, 1643. Ÿ 1720.

844—Scotia illustrata, sive Prodromus historie naturalis. Folio,
Edinburgh (1684).

(Describes and figures one Hepatic, identified by Lindberg as Plagiochila asple-
noides.)
Smith, James Edward. Norwich, England, 2 Dec. 1759. + Norwich,
17 March 1828. See Sowerby, J.
Sommerfeldt, Sören Christian. Sukkestad, Norway, ọ April 1794.

t Ringeboe, 28 Dec. 1838.

845—Supplementum Flore Lapponice, quam edidit Dr. Georgius
Wahlenberg. 8vo. pp. xii. 331, Christiana (1826).
Sorokin, N.

846—Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Cryptogamenflora PM Uralgegend.
Hedwigia, xvi. EE 49—53 (1877).

(List of 4 Hepaticæ.)
Sowerby, SER London, England, 21 March 1757. T Lambeth,

25 Oct. 1822.

847—English Botany, or colored figures of English plants, with their
essential characters, synonyms and places of growth. To which will be
added occasional remarks by James Edward Smith and James Sowerby.
The figures by inis Sowerby. 36 vol. 8vo. 2592 tab. col. with text.
London (1790-1814).

(Includes figures S English Hepaticze.)
Sprengel, Kurt. Boldekow, 3 Aug. 1766. + Halle, 15 March 1833.

848—Anleitung zur Kenntniss der Gewächse. III. Einleitung in das
Studium der kryptogamischen Gewächse. 8vo. pp. 374, 10 tab. (1804).

849— Caroli Linnæi Systema Vegetabilium. (Editio XVI.). 4 vol,
8vo. Góttingen (1825-28).
Spruce, Richard. Ganthorpe, North Yorkshire, England. 10 Sept.

1817. See also Bescherelle, E., Underwood, L.

850—A list of Mosses and Hepaticæ collected in Eskdale, York-
Shire. Phytologist, i. 540—544 (1844).

74

851—On the branch-bearing leaves of Jungermania juniperina Sw.
Phytologist, ii. 85, 86 (1845).

852—A list of the Musci and Hepaticæ of Yorkshire. Phytologist,
ii. 147-157 (1845).

853— The Musci and Hepaticæ of Teesdale. Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb.
ii. 65-89 (1846).

854—The Musci and Hepaticæ of the Pyrenees. Ann. and Mag.
Nat. Hist., 2d ser., iii. 81-106, 269-293, 358-380, 478-503; iv. 104-
120, t. I.-III. (1849); Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb, 103-216, t. I., II., XIV.
(1850).

855—On Anomoclada, a new genus of Gage and on its allied
genera, Odontoschisma and Adelanthus. Jour Bot. xiv. 129-136,
161—170, 193-203, 230-235, t. CLXXVIII., es (1876). [Sep.
PP. 33-] |

856—Musci Præteriti sive de Muscis nonnullis adhuc neglectis, præ-
tervisis vel confusis, nunc recognitis. Jour. of Bot. xix. 33-40 (1881).

857—On Marsupella Stableri, n. sp., and some allied species of Euro-
pean Hepaticæ. Rev. Byrol. viii. 89-104 (1881).

858—0On Cephalozia, its sub-genera and some allied genera. 8vo.
pp. 99, Malton (1882).

859—Hepaticae of the Amazon and of the Andes of Peru and Ecu-
ador. Trans Bot. Soc. Edinb. xv. 1-590, t. i.-xxii. (1885).

86o—Lejeunea Holtii, a new hepatic from Killarney. Jour. of Bot.
XXV. 33-39, 72-82, t. cclxxii. (1887).

861—0On a new Irish Hepatic (Radula Holtii). Jour. o Bot. xxv.
209—211 (1887).

862—Hepatice in provincia Rio Janeiro a Glaziou lectæ. Rev.
Bryol. xv. 33-34 (1888).

( List only.)

863—Hepaticæ Paraguayensis, Balansa lectæ. Rev. Bryol. xv. 34;
35 (1888).

(List only.)

864—Lejeunea Rossettiana Massal. Jour. of Bot. xxvii. 337—339
(1889). e

865—Hepaticæ Bolivianæ, in Andibus Bolivie orientalis, annis
1885-6, a cl. H. H. Rusby lectæ. Mem. Torrey. Bot. Club, i. 113-
140 (1890).

866—Hepatice nove American, tropicz et aliæ. Bull. Soc. Bot.
de France, xxxvi., cxxxix.—ccvi. (1889).

867—Hepaticæ Spruceanæ: Amazonicæ et Andinæ, annis 1849-1860
lectæ. Malton (1892).

(478 specimens from Dr. Spruce’s extensive labors in South America.)

eegen

Stabler, G.

868— Jungermannia Helleriana Nees in Britain. Jour. of Bot. xx.
248 (1882).
Steinhaus, J.

69— Materialien zur Kryptogamenflora der Umgegend von Warschau
und Oizow. Warschauer Universititsnachrichten, No. 7, 8 (1887).
[Sep. pp. 42.]

(List of 49 Hepaticze.)
Stephani, Franz. Berlin, Germany, 15 Apr. 1842. See also Jack, J.

B., Roll, J., Renauld, F. et Cardot, J.

870—Verzeichniss der in der Umgegend von Zschopan im Erzgebirge
beobachteten Leber- und Laubmoose. Jahresb. des Annaberg-Buch-
holzer Ver. für Naturkunde, iv. (1876).

871-—Deutschlands Jungermannien in Abbildungen nach der Natur,
nebst Text. Bot. Verein in Landshut, vii. 93—164,31 taf. (1879).

872—Riccia ciliifera Link und Riccia Breidleri Jur. Hedwigia, xxi.
76 (1882).

873—Einige neue Lebermoose. Hedwigia, xxii. 49-52 (1883).

874—Zwei neue Lebermoose. Hedwigia, xxii. 145—148 (1883).

875—Die Gattung Radula. Hedwigia, xxiii, 113-116, 129-137, 145-
159, 161—163 (1884).

876—Neue und kritische Arten der Gattung Riccia. Hedwigia, xxiv.
2-7, t. i. (1885).

877—Gymnomitrium confertum. Rev. Bryol, xii. 19-22 (1885).

878— Hepaticarum species nove vel minus cognitæ. Hedwigia, xxiv.
89-01, t. i., ii; 166—168, t. ii., iv. ; 214—218, t. i, ii. ; 246-250, t. i.—iii.
(1885): xxv.5-9, t. ii.-iv. ; 133, 134, t. iii.-vi. ; 202-208, t. L4.
233-249, t. i. ii. (1886).

(Includes species from many regions; especially species of Bazzania.)

879—Hepatiques insectivores. Rev. Bryol. xiii. 97-99 (1886).

88o— Di una nuovo specie di Plagiochila. Ann. dell’. Ist. di Roma.
ii. 86, t. VI. (1886).

881—Hepaticæ Insula St. Thome. Bolet. da Soc. Broteriana, iv.
149-156, 170—176, t. I.-III. (1887).

882—Ueber einige Lebermoose Portugals. Hedwigia, xxvi. t. I.
(1887).

883—Hepaticæ African. Botanischer Jahrbücher (Engler). viii.
79-95 (1887).

(Hepaticz from St. Thomas and the Niger region.)

884— Hepaticz von der Halbinsel Alaska. Botanischer Jahrbücher.
viii. 96-99, Pl. III. (1887).

76

885—Hepatice Africane. Hedwigia, xxvii. 59-63, 106-113 (1888).

(Hepatice from Kilimanjaro, Mascarene Is, Mozambique, Insula Principe and
portions of W. Africa.)

886—Anthoceros Husnoti Stephani, n. sp. Rev. Bryol. xv. 49, 50
(1888).

887—-Marchantia Bescherellei St., n. sp. Rev. Bryol. xv. 86, 87
(1888).

888— Calyculari crispula Mitten. Hedwigia, xxvii. 250-252 (1888).

889— Westindische Hepaticæ. Hedwigia, xxvii. 276-302, t. XI.-XIV.
(1888).

(Hepaticæ from Porto Rico and Santo Domingo.)

8go—Hepaticze in Contribuçoes para o estudo da Flora da costa occi-
dental d'Africa. Bolet. da Soc. Broteriana, v. 224-225 (1888).

(Species described in Hedwigia, xxvii. 108-110.)

891—Hepaticæ Australie. Hedwigia, xxviii. 128—135, t. iii. ; 155-
175, t. iv. ; 257—278 (1889).

892—Dichiton perpusillum Mont. Rev. Bryol, xvi. 49-51 (1889).

893—Die Gattung Lejeunea im Herbarium Lindenberg. Hedwigia,
xxix. I-23, 68-99, 133-142 (1890). E

894—Hepatice African: novæ in insulis Bourbon, Maurice et Mada-
gascar lectæ. Bot. Gazette, xv. 281—292 (1890).

895—Treubia insignis Gób. Hedwigia, xxx. 190-193 (1891).

896— Hepaticæ Africane. Hedwigia, xxx. 201-217, 265-272, t. xxi.—
xxiv. (1891); xxxi. 120-130, t. v.-vii; 165-174, t. x.-xv. ; 198-214 t.
xix.-xxi. (1892).

(Hepaticz from the Cameroons, Leikipia, Cape Colony, Natal, Transvaal, Mada-
gascar and the Mascarene Is.)

897—Cryptomitrium tenerum Austin. Bot. Gazette, xvii. 58-60
(1892).
898—The North American Lejeuneæ. Bot. Gazette, xvii. 170—173
(1892).

(List of 20 species; describes as new L. Cardoti, and L. Underwoodii.)

899—Hepaticæ novæ Caucasicæ. Bot. Centralblatt (1892).

goo—Colenso’s New Zealand Hepaticæ. Jour. Linn. Soc. xxix. 263-
280, pl. 26-28 (1892).

(Reduces many of Colenso's species to synonymy ; describes 18 new species.)
Stewart, S. A.

901—Report on the Botany of South Clare and the Shannon. Proc.
Roy. Irish Acad., 3d ser., i. 343-359 (1890).

Strasburger, Eduard. Warsaw, Poland, 1 Feb. 1844.

9o2—Die Geschlechtsorgane und die Befruchtung bei Marchantia

polymorpha. Pringsh. Jahrb. vii. 409-422, t. XXV., XXVI. (1870).

77

903—Ueber Befruchtung und Zelltheilung. 8vo. Jena (1878).

(Die Befruchtungsvorgange bei Marchantia polymorpha, pp. 12-14, t. L, f. 9-21.)

904—Das botanische Practicum. (Zweite Auflage.) 8vo. Jena
(1887).

Morphology of Marchantia polymorpha, Plagiochila asplenoides and Metzgeria
furcata., pp. 293-299, 442-447.)

905—Entwickelungsgeschichte und Bau der Spermatozoiden bei Pellia
calycina. Histologische Beiträge, iv. 124—132 (1892).

Sullivant, William Starling. Franklinton, Ohio, 15 Jan. 1803.

Columbus, Ohio, 3o April 1873.

906—Musci Alleghanienses, sive Spicelegia Muscorum atque Hepati-
carum quas in Itinere a Marylandia usque and Georgiam per tractus
montium, A. D. 1845, decerpserunt Asa Gray et W. S. Sullivant. 292
Spec. exsicc. et 12 mo., pp. 72, Columbus (1845)

Nos. 216-292 are Hepaticæ, and include several new and rare species.)

9o7;— Review of Musch Alleghanienses, with descriptions of the new
species. Amer. Jour. Sci. and Arts, 2d ser., i. 70-81 (1846).

oo Contributions to the Bryology and Hepaticology of North
America. Part I. Mem. Amer. Acad., new ser., iii. 57-66 (1846);
Part II. bid. iv. 169-176 (1849).

(Includes descriptions of 5 new species and notes on others.)

9og——Notices of several new species of Mosses and Hepatice from
Tierra del Fuego. Lond. Jour. of Bot. ii. 315-318 (1850).

(Describes 7 new Hepaticz.)

910— The Musci and Hepaticæ of the United States east of the Mis-
sissippl River. 8vo. pp. iv. 113, New York (1856).

(Includes descriptions of Hepaticæ, with three plates illustrating the genera.)

911—Hepaticæ, in Gray: Manual of Botany, 2d Ed., (1856)

912— Descriptions of Musci and Hepaticæ collected on the Pacific
R. R. Survey. Pacific R. R. Survey, iv. 185-193 (1858).

(List of 7 Hepaticæ, mostly from California.)

Swartz, Olaf. Norrkoping, Sweden, 21 Sept. 1760. f Stockholm, 19

Sept. 1818.

913— Flora Indiæ occidentalis aucta atque illustrata, sive descriptiones
plantarum in prodromo recensitarum. 3 vol 8vo. Erlangen (1797-
1806).

(Includes Musci hepatici, iii. pp. 1842-1885.)

Sydow, P.

914—Die Lebermoose Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz.

8vo. Berlin (1882).

18

Szymanski, F

915—Ueber einige parasitische Algen. Inauguraldiss. der Phil. Fac-
ultát der Univ. Breslau (1378).

(Nostoc colonies in Anthoceros and Blasia.)
Szyszylowicz, Ignatius. Granicam, Poland, 3o July 1857. See

also Beck, G.

916—O rozmieszczenin watrobowcov w Tatrach. Spra. Kom. Fiz.
Krakau, xix. 25-125, 4 taf. (1885).

(An elaborate account of the distribution of the Hepaticæ of high Tatra. An ex-
tended resume can be seen in Just’s Jahresbericht, XIII. 172-175.)
Taylor, Thomas. + Dunkerron, Ireland, Feb. 1848. Seealso Hooker

Jj. D., Hooker W. J.

917—Hepaticæ, in Mackay; Flora Hibernica, comprising the flower-
ing plants, ferns, Characeæ, Musci, Hepaticæ, Lichenes and Algæ of
Ireland, arranged according to the natural system, with a Synopsis of
the genera according to the Linnæan system. $8vo. pp. xxxvi. 354, 279,
Dublin (1836).

(Describes 82 species of Irish Hepaticæ.)

918—De Marchantieis. Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii. 375-395, tab. XIL.-
XV. (1837).

gtg—On a new British Jungermannia. Jour. of Bot. iv. 97, 98, t.
XX. (1842).

(Describes and figures J. microscopica.)

920—On two new species of British Jungermanniæ. Ann. and Mag.
Nat. Hist. xii. 88-90 (1843).

( Describes J. riparia and J. pumila.

921—Descriptions of Jungermannia fragilifolia and J. germana. Ann.
and Mag. Nat. Hist. xii. 172, 173 (1843).

922—Description of Tungermannia ulicina (Taylor), and J. Lyoni

EE [Read 13 May 1841.] Trans. Bot. Soc. (Edinburgh), 1
115—117, Pl. VII. (1844).

923—On two new species of Jungermannia and another new to
Britain. [Read 9 Mar. 1843.] Trans. Bot. Soc. deene i. 179—
181 (1844).

g24—On four new species of British Jungermanniæ. [Read 13 July
1843.] Trans. Bot. Soc. Get se ii. cinctus (1846).

(J. riparia, J. reclusa, J. fragilifolia, and J. g

925—On six species of meet se to Britain. Lond. Jour.
of Bot. iv. 276-278 (1845).

(J. uliginosa, J. Kä J. Schraderi, J. Zeyheri, J. gelida and J. Kunzeana.)

926—Contributions to British Jungermanniæ. [Read 9 May 1844.]

ai

19

Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. 11-14 (1844); also Trans. Bot. Soc.
(Edinburgh), ii. 115-117 (1846).

927—New Hepaticæ. Lond. Jour. of Bot. v. 258-284, 365-417
(1846).

928— Diagnostic characters of five new species of Cryptogamic Plants
from Jamaica. [Read 11 Nov. 1847.] Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. xx.
379-381 (1847) ; Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh, iii. 23-25 (1850)

929—On the specific characters of certain new Cryptogramic Plants
lately received from and collected by W. Jameson, on Pinchincha, near
Quito. Lond. Jour. of Bot. vii. 278-285 (1848).

Thedenius, Knut Fredrik.
930—Musci Suecicæ Exsiccati. (Not seen.)
Theel, J. G.

931—De Skandinaviska artenna af slagtet Scapania bland Lefvermos-
sorna. Svo. pp. 34 (1872).

Theriot, J.

932—Notes sur la Flore Bryologique de la Sarthe. Bull. de la Soc.
d'Agric. Sci. et Arts de la Sarthe, xxxi. 493-510 (1887-8).

(List of 60 Hepaticæ.

933— Notes sur la Flore Bryologique de la Sarthe. Rev. Bryol. xvii.
35-39 (1890).

(List of 8 Hepaticæ.)

933a—Récoltes bryologiques de la Société française de Botanique à
Murat et dans le Cantal du 17 au 25 Aoüt 189r. Rev. de Botanique,
481—500 (1891). š
Thunberg, Carl Pehr. Jönköping, Sweden, 11 Nov. 1743. f Tuna-

berg (near Upsala), 8 Aug. 1822.

934—Flora Japonica, etc. 8vo. pp. lii. 418, Leipzig (1784).

(Includes 4 Hepaticæ, p. 343.)

935—Flora Capensis, etc. 8vo. pp. lxvi. 803, Stuttgart (1823).

ur 2 Hepaticæ, p. 741.)

Thuret, Gustave,

936—Recherches sur les Zoospores des Algues et les anna s des
Cryptogames. Ann. des Sc. Nat., 3d ser., xv, 214-260 (1850);
1539 (1851). [Sep. pp. 93, 31 tab.]

(Figures antherozoids of Pellia epiphylla and Fossombronia de )

Tolf, Robert. Svenarum, (Smáland), Sweden, 12 Dec.

937—Nägra smäländska Mosslokaler. Bot. Notiser, pe (1886).

937a—Ofversigt of Smalands mossflora. Bihang. till. Kongl. Svenska
Vet. Akad. Handl. xvi. No. 9 (1891). (Sep. pp. 98-]

(Notes on the geographic distribution of 113 Hepatic.)

80

Tournefourt, Joseph Pitton de. Aix (Provence), France, 5 June
6 T Paris, 28 Dec. 1708.
38—Institutiones rei herbariæ. 3 vol. 4to. Paris (1700).
(Includes three Hepaticæ.)
Trabut, L. See also Battandier, A
939—Riella Battandieri sp. nov. Rev. Bryol. xiii. 35, 1 pl. (1886).
939a—Mousses et Hépatiques nouvelles d Algerie. Rev. Bryol. xiv.
"12, 13, ı pl. (1887)
940—Revision des espèces du genre Riella et description d'une espèce
nouvelle. Rev. gén. de Bot » 4497454, 1 pl. (1891).

Trevisan di Saint Leon, Vittore.
941— Nuovo censo delle Epatiche Italiane. Mem. reale Ist. Lomb. di
Sei. e Lett., ser. 2, vii.
942—Schema di una nuova classificazione delle Epatiche. Mem.
reale Ist. Lomb. di Sci. e Lett., ser. 3, iv. 383-451 (1877).
(Proposes a number of changes in generic names and some new genera; a sched-
ule of his classification may be seen in Rev. Bryol. iv. 44-46.)

(1874).

Tuckerman, Edward. Boston, Mass., 7 Dec. 1817. f Amherst,
Mass., 15 Mar. 1886.
'Tuckerman, E. and Frost, C. C.
943—Catalogue of the Plants growing without cultivation within
thirty miles of Amherst College. 8vo. pp. 98, Amherst (1875).
I

(Includes List of Hepaticæ.)
Underwood, Lucien Marcus. New Woodstock, New York, 26 Oct.

1853.

944—North American Hepaticæ, with a preliminary list of species for
additions and corrections. Bot. Gazette, vii. 18—21 (1882)

(List of 219 Hepaticæ from America, north of Mexico.)

945—Descriptive Catalogue of the North SE north of Mexico.

Bull. Illinois State Lab. Nat. Hist. ii. 1-133 (1884).

(Includes descriptions of 231 Hepaticæ, with general statement of the characters
of the group.)

946—Schweinitz and American Hepaticæ. Bot. Gazette, ix. 63
(1884).

947—Some undescrbed Hepaticæ from California. Bot. Gazette,
xiv. 112—114, Pl. IIL-VI. (1888)

(Describes and figures 5 species named in Mss. by Gottsche.)

948—Notes on our Hepaticæ. I. Northern Species. Bot. Gazette,
xiv. 191—198 (1888).

81

"Sede in Gray: Manual of Botany, Sixth Edition. 8vo,
New York (1890)

(Describes the species of the Northeastern United States, pp. 702-732, with plates
illustrating the genera taken from a previous edition.)

849a—A new North American Lejeunea. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club,
xvii. 258, 259 (1890).

(L. Macounii Spruce from British Columbia.)

95o—The Distribution of the Hepaticæ of North America. [Read-
. Aug. 1890.] Proc. Amer. Assoc. for the Adv. of Sci. xxxix. 298—304
(1891).

951—A preliminary list of Pacific Coast Hepaticæ. Zoe, i. 361-367
(1891).

(List of 153 Hepaticæ with distribution by states.

952—Recent work in Systematic Hepaticology. Bot. Gazette, xvii.
218—220 (1892).

953—Some points on the Nomenclature-priority Question. Science,
XX. 116, 117 (1892).

(Discusses chiefly the nomenclature of the Hepaticæ.)

954—The Hepaticæ of Labrador. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xix. 269-
270 (1892).

(List of 31 Hepaticæ collected by Rev. A. Waghorne.)

955—A few additions to the Hepatic d of the Manual Region.
Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xix. 299-301 (189

(Notes on distribution; synopsis of the U. S. ee

956—A preliminary comparison of the Hepatic Flora of Boreal and
Sub-boreal Regions. Bot. Gazette, xvii. 305-312 (1892).

(Comparison of the Hepatic Flora of North America, Europe aud Asia,)
Underwood, L. M. and Cook, O. F.

956a—Hepatice American; decades I.-XIV. (Nos. 1-140.) (1887-
1892)

(Exsiccatæ of American Hepaticæ issued in series of two decades, as follows:
I.-II. (Nov. 1887) ; IIL-IV. (Nov. 1888) ; V.-VI. (Nov. 1889); VIL-VIII. (May
1890) ; IX.-X. (May 1891); XI.-XII. (Dec. 1891); XIII.-XIV. (May 1892). ve
be continued.)

Unger, Franz. Amthof zu Leitschach (Steiermark), Austria, 3o Nov.

1800. T Graz, 13 Feb. 1870.

957—Anatomische Untersuchung der Fortpflanzungs theile Riccia
glauca. Linnæa, xiii. 1-20 (1839).

Vaillant, Sebastian. Vigny (Seine-et-Oise), France, 26 May, 1669.

T Paris, 26 May 1722.

958—Botanicon Parisiense. 8vo. pp. I wi re

(Figures and describes 16 Hepatic. Cf No. A

82

Vicq.
959—Catalogue raisonne des Hepatiques observees dans l’ arrondisse-
ment d? Abbeville. Mem. de la Soc. d' emulation d' Abbeville (1883).

Vochtung, H.
96o— Ueber die Regeneration der Marchantieen. Prings. Jahrb. xvi.
367-312, t. XII. XIII. (1885).

Voigt, Alwin.

961—Beitrag zur vergleichenden Anatomie der Marchantieen. Bot.
Zeitung, xxxvii. 729—743, 745-759, Taf. IX. (1879).
Waechter, L. W.

9g61a— The life history of Marchantia polymorpha. Manchester
Micros. Soc. Trans. 56, pl. (1891).
Wahlenberg, Goran. Eisenhutte near Carlstadt (Wermeland), Swe-
den, x Oct. 1780. T Upsala, 23 March 185r.

962—Flora Lapponica, etc. 8vo. pp. lxvi. 550. 30 tab. Berlin
(1812).

963—Flora Upsaliensis. 8vo. pp. 495, Upsala (1820).

(Contains the Hepaticze, pp. 353-400.)

964—Flora Suecica, etc. 2 vol. 8vo. Upsala (1831-33).
Waldner, M.

965—Die Entstehung der Schlàuche in den Nostoccolonien bei Blasia.
Sitzungsb. der kais. Akad. der Wissensch. (Wien), lxxviii. 294-300
(1878).

966—Die Entwickelung des Antheridiums von Anthoceros. Sit-
zungsb. der kais. Akd. der Wissensch. (Wien), Ixxxv. (1887).
Wallroth, Karl Friedrich Wilhelm. Breitenstein, Germany, 13 March

1792. T Nordhausen, 22 March 1857.

967—Annus botanicus, sive Supplementum tertium ad C. Sprengelii
Floram Halensem. 8vo, pp. xxx. 200, 6 tab., Hales (1815).

968— Flora cryptogamica Germanice. 2 vol. ızmo. Nuremburg
(1831-33).

(Includes the Hepaticæ, Pars prior, pp. 34-83.)

968a—Scholion zu Hampe's Prodromus Flora Hercyniæ. Linnæa,
xiv, 529—704 (1840

(Includes 12 Hepat, pp. 685-689.)
Ward, Lester Frank. Joliet, Ill., 18 June 1841.

969—A Guide to the Flora of Washington and Vicinity. Bull. U. S.
Nat. Museum, No. 22, pp. 264 (1881).

(List of 29 Hepaticæ, pp. 143, 144.)

83

Warnstorf, C. Germany, 2 Dec. 1837.

970 —Systematische Zusammenstellung der bis zum Jahre 1870 in der
Umgebung von Arnswalde beobachteten einheimischen und verwilderten
Phanerogamen und Kryptogamen. Verhandl. des Bot. Vereins der
Prov. Brandenburg, xiii. 1-46 (1871).

971—Zwei Tage in Havelberg und ein Ausflug nach der Ostpriegnitz.
Verhandl. des Bot. Vereins der Prov. Brandenburg, xxi. 144-170 (1880).

972—Botanische Wanderungen durch die Mark Brandenburg im
Jahre 1881. Verhandl. des bot. Vereins der Prov. Brandenburg, xxiii.
110-127 (1882).

973—Bryologische Notizen aus Brandenburg und Westfalen. Hed-
wigia, xxi. 53—54 (1882). i

974—Beitráge zur Moosflora der Oberharzer. Hedwigia, xxii. 148—
153, 163-170 (1883).

975—Sammlung deutscher Lebermoose, exsiccatæ. (Not seen.)

976—Floristische Mittheilungen aus der Mark und Bericht über den
in Juli des Jahres im Auftrage des Vereins unternommenden Ausflug
nach Wusterhausen a. d. Dosse, Kyritz und Neustadt a. d. Dosse.
Verhandl. des bot. Vereins der Prov. Brandenburg, xxiv. 148-155
(1883).

977—Moosflora der Provinz Brandenburg. Verhandl. des Bot.
Vereins der Prov. Brandenburg, xxvi. 1-94 (1885). [Sep. 94 pp.]

978—Zur Frage über die Bedeutung der bei Moosen vorkommenden
zweierlei Sporen. Verhandl. des Bot. Vereins der Brandenburg, xxvii.
181—182 (1886).

(Spores of Blyttia Lyellii said to produce Bo plants when small, and female
plants when lar

mappe zur Moosflora Grénlands. Schr. des Naturw. Vereins.
des Harzes, ii. 70-73 (1887)

98o— Bericht der Commission fur die Flora von Deutschland 1:888,
Laub-, Torf- und Lebermoose. Bericht der Deutsch. Bot. Gesellschaft.
V. 160-166 (1887); vi. 159-161 (1888); vii. 134-136 (1889); viii.
184—188 (1890) ; ix. 173-175 (1891).

981—Beitráge zur Moosflora Norwegens. Hedwigia, xxvi. 48-56
(1887).

982—Riccia Hübeneriana Lindenb. in der Mark aufgefunden. Schr.
des Naturw. Vereins des Harzes, iv. 43-45 (1889).

983—Ein Ausflug nach der Ukermark. Verhandl. des Bot. Vereins
der Prov. Brandenburg. xxx. 288-298 (1889).

984—Bemerkungen uber einige in Harz vorkommende Lebermoose.
Schr. des Naturw. Vereins des Harzes, vi. 51-58 (1891).

84

985— Weitere Beitrage zur Flora der Ukermark. Verhandl. des Bot.
Vereins der Prov. Brandenburg, xxxii. 255-271 (1891).
Wartmann, Schenk und Winter.

985a— Schweizerische Kryptogamem, Fasc. i.-xv. (Nos. 1-750)
(1861-6

(Contains Hepatic: exsiccatæ among other Cryptogams. )
Watson, Hewitt C.

985b— Hepaticæ, in Notes on the Botany of the Azores. Lond. Jour.

Dot. iii. 616 (1844).

(List of 9 Hepaticæ.)
Watson, Sereno. East Windsor Hill, Ct., 1 Dec. 1826. t Cam-

bridge, Mass., 9 March 1892.

986—On the Flora of Guadeloupe Island. Proc. Amer. Acad. n. ser.
iii. 112-121 (1876).

(List of 4 Hepaticæ from this island collected by E. Palmer.)
Weber, Herbert John. Lawton, Mich., 27 Dec. 1865.

987 —4. Catalogue of the Plants of Nebraska. Ann. Rep. Nebraska
State Board Agric. for 1890, 1-162 (1890).

(List of 15 Hepaticæ.)
Weber, Friedrich. 3 Aug. 1781. +Kiel, Schleswick-Holstein, 21

March 1821.

988—Historiæ Muscorum Hepaticorum Prodromus. 8vo. pp. 160,
Kiliæ (1815).

(Describes 223 Hepaticæ distributed among 7 genera.)
Weber, Friedrich, und Mohr, D. M. H.

989—Beiträge zur Naturkunde. 2 vol. 8vo. Kiel (1805-10).

99o—Botanisches Taschenbuch auf das Jahr 1807. Deutschland
kryptogamische Gewachse. I Abtheilung : Filices, Musci frondosi et
hepatici. 12 mo. pp. xlvi. 509, 12 tab. Kiel (1807).
Weber, George Heinrich. Göttingen, Germany, 27 July 1752.

T Kiel, 7 July 1828.

991—Spicilegium Floræ Gottingensis, plantas imprimis cryptogamicas
Hercyniæ illustrans. 8vo. pp. 288, 5 tab. col., Gotha (1778).
Weis, Freidrich Wilhelm.

992—Plantæ Cryptogamice Flore Gottingensis. 8vo. pp. xii. 333:
1 tab. col., Góttingen (1770).
Weiss, Emanuel.

993—Floristisches aus Istrien und Dalmatien. Verhandl. des zool.—
‘bot. Vereins dé) xvii. 753—762 (1867).

(List of 12 Hepaticæ

85

West, W.

994—A stroll near Baildon in February. Naturalist (1882).

(List of 26 Hepaticæ.)

995—On Metzgeria conjugata Lindb. Jour. of Bot. xx. 176, 177
(1882).

996—Lejeunea Rossettiana Mass. Jour. of Bot. xxviii. 157 (1890).
Westendorp, G. D. et Wallys.

996a—Herbier Cryptogamique Belge, Fasc. I. -XXVIII. (Nos. 1-1400)
(1848-1859).

(Contains Hepaticæ exsiccatæ among other Cryptogams.)

Wigand, Albert.

997—Intercellularsubstanz und Cuticula. 8vo. pp. vi. 130, Braun-
schweig (1850).

(Account of leaf-structure of Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenoides, Radula
complanata, Frullania tamarisci.)

Wilson, William. See also Hooker, W. J. ;

998— Notes on the Hepaticæ in Hooker and Taylor's Musci Britan-
nici. . Jour. of Bot. iii. 386, 387 (1841).

999—On Jungermannia Francisci and J. byssacea. Phytologist, i, 937
(1844)

Winkelmann, J.

Iooo— Jungermannia acuta Lindenb. in Pommern. Verhandl. des
Bot. Vereins der Prov. Brandenburg, vii. (1888).

Withering, William. Wellington (Shropshire), England, 1741.
f Larches (near Birmingham), 6 Oct. 1799.

1001—A Botanical Arrangement of all the Vegetables naturally grow-
ing in Great Britain, with descriptions of the genera and species. 2
vol., 8vo. pp. xcvi. 838, 12 tab. (1776).

(Includes the Hepaticæ.)

Wolf, John. Mittelsin (Bavaria), Germany, 26 Dec. 1820.
Wolf, J., and Hall, E.

1002—A list of Mosses, Liverworts and Lichens of Illinois. Bull. Ill.
State Lab. Nat. Hist. i. 18-35 (1878).

(List of 45 Hepaticæ.)

Wright, Charles. Wethersfeld, Ct., 29 Oct. 1811. + Wethersfield,

Ct., 11 Aug. 1885.

1003— Hepatic: Cubenses Wrightianæ.

(A collection cf Cuban Hepaticæ named by Gottsche; they were issued in unnum-
bered series from Cambridge, Mass., by Dr. Gray after Wright's death.)

86

Wright, C. H.

1004— Two new cryptogams. Jour. of Bot. xxviii., 106, 107 (1891).

(Describes Kantia Vincentina from St. Vincent, W. I.)
Wulfsberg, N.

1005—Mosliste fra den nordligste Bögeskov. Bot. Notiser, 78-82
(1877)-

(List of 44 Hepaticæ from Lat. 600 37’ Norway.)
Wünche, O.

1006—Die Kryptogamen Deutschlands: Die hóheren Kryptogamen.
8vo. pp. 127, Leipzig (1875).
Zetterstedt, Johan Emanuel. Viby (Norike), Sweden, 23 April

1828. + Jönköping, 18 Feb. 1880.

1007—Onm vegetationem i de hôgländtaste trakterna af Småland.
Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. vi. No. 2, 1-37 (1865).

1008—Musci et Hepaticæ Oelandiæ. Nova Acta Reg. Soc. Sc. Up-
sala, ser. iii. ——— (1869). (Sep 47 pp.]

1009—Hepatice Pyrenaicæ circa Luchon crescentes. Ofversigt. af
Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Forhandl. 1875, No. 2. [Sep. 12

1010—Om växtligheten pà Vestergótlands siluriska berg med Särskeld
hänsyn till Mossvegetationen. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad.
Forhandl. 1876, No. 1, 43-71.

ror 1—Musci et Hepaticæ Fi inmarkiz circa sinum Altensem crescentes.
Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. xiii. No. 13, 1-42 (1876).

1012—Musci et Hepaticæ Gothlandiæ. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-
Akad. Handl. xiii. No. 14, 1-42 (1876).

1013—Hepaticæ Kinnekullenses. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetensk.-
Akad. Forhandl. 1877, No. 2, 1-13.

1014—Florula bryologica montium Hunneberg et Halleberg. Kongl.
Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. xv. No. 1, 1-35 (1877)

1015—Vegetationen pa Visingsö. Bihang till Kongl. Svenska Vet.-
Akad. Handl. v. No. 7, 1-86 (1878).
Zimmermann, A.

1016— Ueber die Einwirkung des Lichtes auf den Marchantienthallus.
Arb. des Bot. Inst. in Wurzberg, ii. 665-669 (1872).

INDES:

Synoptic Index to the Bibliography.
[The more important papers are marked with an (*) asterisk. }

ALTITUDE (Distribution in)—397*, 854*, 916.

ANCESTRY OF HEPATICÆ :—132, 404, 405.

BIBLIOGRAPHY :— 297, 298, 524.

a. AND NN Mes :—143, 153, 182*, 220, 222, 237, 239, 248,

9, 315%, 317*, 565, 566, 567*, 571, 615, 698, 699, 769, 859*, 942*, 9

Mies: HEPATIC :— 154, 310, 766, 811

GENERAL MONOGRAPHS : EE 233, um 836, 849, 988.

GENERAL MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT :—60, 68, 81, 86, 87, 88,
278, 280, 281, Së 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 320, 324, 325, 338, 339, 352*, oct
357, 388, 400, 401, 402, 403, 420, 421, 440, 441, 443, 450, 451, 456, 459, A

465*, 467, 468, 496, 497, 549, 613, oe 693, 711, 747, 813, 820, 879, 936, 997.

Geographic Distribution.
I. EUROPE: ;

I. GENERAL :—51, 89*, 238, 240*, 243, 316*, 383, 384*, 558, 704*, 705*, 832,
956.

2. AUSTRO-HUNGARY :—55, 253, 340, 350, 393, 410, 484, 485, 568, die 754, Ze
778, 779, 780, 797, 840, 914, 916*, 993; ( Bohemia)- 201, 202, 2035, 204, 777,

826; (Hungary)- 337, 842, 843; ( Transylvania)- 347; (Tyrol)- 814, ge 816, e

3. BELGIUM :— 118, 136, 137, 160*, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 407, 408, 409,
579, 603, 996a*.

4. FRANCE :— 21, 41, 70, 71, 78, 103, 104, 108, IIO, III, 122, 133, 134, 1342, 134€,
135, 156, 157, 158, 178, 179, 181, 185, 187, 188, 198, 199, 200, 213, 214, 215, 219
234, 241, 288, 289, 290, 333, 375*, 376, 377, 427» 434 435» 471, 472, 473, 479, 498,
585, 659, 715, 716, 749, 761, 762, 786, 787, 854*, 932, 933, 933%, 958, 959, 1009
Pire iis ; 273.
NY :—184, 232, 244*, 327, rd 372, 373, 486, 645a, 694, 712, 763, 794

5. GER 232
871*, 914, ge 968a, 969, 970, 975, 980, 990, 1006; (Alsace)- 128a; (Baden)-
382*, 385a*; ; (Bavaria)- = 583*, 760, 833, 834; (Hesse)- 50, 748; (Luxemburg)
- 425; (Prussia) 57, 243, 259, 260, 267, 271, 345, 356, 381, 389, 414, 415, 416,

417, 418, 481, 482, 483, di 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 57% 572, 573» 574 759
790, 796, 810, 971, 972, 973, 974, 976, 977; 982, 983, 984, 985, 991. 992, 1000; (S
ony)— 265, 764*, 827, 828, 835, 870; (Schleswig-Holstein)-438, 711* ;( Wurtemburg)-
341, 346.

6. GREAT BRITAIN:—42, 99, 141, 144, 145*, 146*, 147, 148*, 176, 251*, 317,
365*, 369, 610, 612, 719, 723, 724, 729, 7412, 775, 919, 921*, 926*, 998, 1001.

(a) England :—105, 371, 390, 847*, 868; (Cornwall)- 191, 192; (Kent)- 359;
(Monmouthshire)- 776; (Oxfordshire)- 39, 93, 97; (Suffolk)- 90; (Sussex)~ 625;
(Yorkshire)- 20, 717, 850, 852, 853.

88

(6) Zreland. a pe = 474, 522*, 607, 608, 609, 685, 686, 687, 688, 689*,
757, 800, 841, 860, 917*.

(c) Scotland :—1 Ce Se 368, 480, 606, 720, 844.

(d) Wales :—718, 727, 733:

7. GREECE:—94, 155, 301.

8. HOLLAND :—1, 235, 801, 802, 807, 808, 809.

9. ITALY ;—6, 7, 8, 9, 9a, 10*, 40, 59, 72, 73, 100, IOI, 102, I14, I15, 116, 117a,
223%, 225%, 256, 257, 266, 274, 319, 476, 575, 576, 577, 586, 587, 588*, 590, 592*,
593*, 594, 595, 596*, 597, 598, 599, 600*, 601*, 602, 616, 692, 707, 750, 767, 769*,
791, Mun p vai 941; (Sardinia)- 43; (Sicily)- E

L :—I19, 173, 174, 206, 344, 555*,
It ma :—123, 124, 125, 126, 275, 276, Ds RER 121, 899; (Poland)-
me ice we e: 869; (Spitzbergen).- 66, 5
:—2, 12, 62, 63, 120, 246, 247, 263, 336, i 495, 499, 503

504, 25 ps pal 514, 516, 520, 534*, 535, 537, 542, 553, 557, 9

(a) DENMARK :—306, 391, 392, 515, 717.

(4) FINLAND :—526, 530, 531, 532, 533, 538, 539, 540, 541, 550, 551, 552, IOII.

(c) ICELAND:—32I, 322.

(d) LAPLAND :—709, 845, 9

(4) Norway :—19*, 65, 395, er 399, 399a, 711*, 981, 1005.

(f) SWEDEN :—13, 14, 15, 262, 428, 708, 930, 937, 937a, 963, 964, 1007, 1008,
1009, 1010, IOI2, 1013, IOI4, IOIS.

13. SPAIN :—44, 173, 174, 206.

I4. SWITZERLAND:—70*, 329, 411, 914, 985a*.

IS. TURKEY:—45, 130; (Albania) 56.

11. ASIA:
I. CHINA :—639*, 651*
2. INDIA :—58, 318, baat 668* ; (Anam)- 75*; (Ceylon)- 311; (Burmah)- 477,

3. JAPAN :—517*, 639*, 651*, 806*, 934.
4.. SIBERIA Maie 517*, 556*. 956.
III. AFRICA

S bance :—49, 180, 662, 939a.

2. EAST AFRICA :—649*, 885*.

: SOUTH AFRICA :—444, 446, 644*, 730*, 731*, 896*,

. WEST AFRICA :—129, 634*, 635*, 713*, 883*, 885*, pon , Soen.

s ISLANDS :— (Atlantic Isles)— 261, si 637* ; (Azores)- 641, 985b; (Bourbon)-
79, 885*, Bou", 896* ; Ses 666 ; (Madagascar)— 309*, 739*, 740*, 784, 894*
896*; (Mauritius)- 3*, 885*, 894* ios Dew ur 885*; (Rodriguez)- 646* ;
(St. Helena)- 3*, 654; ch 'Thomas)- 88
IV. NORTH AMERICA

I. GENERAL: —614, 838, 944, 945*, 950, 951, 956.

2. CANADA :—230, 638*, 738*, 849a

3. CENTRAL AMERICA :— (Cos ta Rica)- 563, 756.

4. GREENLAND :—67*, 142, 436*, 437*, 979.

5. LABRADOR :—954.

6. MEXICO :— 304*, 866*, 986.

——

89

7. NEWFOUNDLAND :—205.
8. UNITED STATES :—24*, 25%, 26*, 28*, 29*, 30, 31*, 32, 33*, 34*, 37%, 38%, 92,
190, 323, 789*, 898*, 906*, 908*, 910*. 911, 948, 949*, 955; (Alaska)- 177, 795,

any 1735 dapes 74; (District of Columbia)- 419, 969; (Idaho)- 951; (IIli-

nois)- 109, 1002; (Indiana)- 328; (Iowa)- 80; (Louisiana)- 439; ` oe sl
159, = E 788, 798, 943; (Minnesota)- 22; (Nebraska)- 987;
shire)- 7 10; (New Jersey)- p: II3; (New York)- 197, 742, 743; (North Carole]
193, Sé (Ohio) 55 KA, ; (Oregon)- 951; (Pennsylvania)- 195; (Rhode
Island)- 61; eent dues 774; (Vermont)- 264; (West Virginia)- 623*;
(Washington)- 9
9. WEsT Soe :—913* ; (Cuba)- 671*, pups COR 79*, 374, 3787;
en Ser 928*; (Porto Rico)- 332*, ; (San Domingo)- 889*; St
Vincent)- MT.

V. SOUTH AMERICA:
- GENERAL :— 224, 387, 866*.
ARGENTINA : man
Boriv1A :—665*, Bëss,
BRAZIL: SEX. 370*, 584*, 663*, 768, 770*, 771, 859*, 862, 867*.
CHILI ;—331,*, 660, 679*
COLOMBIA (NEw Graxapa) :—-302*, 330*, 627.
ECUADOR : — 626, 859*, 867*, 929.
. GUIANA tet ap 658, fis
. PARAGUAY :—8
E PATAGONIA: died 4, 76%, 77%, 251*, 261, 362*, 363, 364, 591*, 664*, 825*,
909*;
II. PERU :—331*, 859*, 8
I2. ISLANDS: EEE i (Galapagos)- 3* ; (Juan Fernandez)- 652. `
VI. AUSTRALIA:
I. GENERAL :—3*, 4*, 151*, 294*, 308*, pns 448 629*, 781*, 891*.
2. TASMANIA :—46*, 47*, 48*, 149*, 150*, 631%,
VI. OCEANIC ISLANDS:
(See also Scandinavia, Russia, Africa, West Indies, and South America for islands à
in the vicinity of continents.)—(Admiralty Group)- 652; ( Bermudas)-342; (Borneo)-
227*, 228%; (Fiji Islands)- 632*, 640* ; (Java)- 236*, 287*, 293*, 611, 702*, 703*,
783*, 803*, 804, 805*, 806*; (Kerguelen Land)- 364, 643, 645, 647, 825; (Moluc-
cas)- 652; (New Caledonia)- 79; (New Guinea)- 270; ac aland)- 128, 161*,
162*, 163*, 164*, 165*, 166*, 167*, 168*, 169*, 170*, 171*, 172*, 360*, 412, 564,
628*, 781*, goo*; (Norfolk Island)- Bob: jM ue "387%, 674*; (Samoa)-
640*; (Sandwich Islands)- 3*, 4, 27*, 250*, 640*, 782*; (South Georgia)- 314* ; -
(Tahiti)- 3*, 781*.

Sp SIAN bm DP m

bi

Special AROTDNDIORT: Physiology and Classification.
[Including descriptions of single species, monographs of genera, etc. ES
and physiological papers are indicated by /ta/ics.] ad
I. RICCIACEÆ:- 83, 84, Ben, 422, "e 560*, 582.
BosCHIA :— 681.

90

CORSINIA :—406, 469.

Riccia :—138, 299, 380, 872, 876; z IEA 510; (R. crystallina)- 753;
(R. glauca)- 254, 957 > (R. nigrella)- 134b; (R. spuria)- 525.

RIELLA :—96, 97, 379, 678, 940* ; Ka "Bettmer, 823, 939; (R. clausonis)-
429; (R. Reuteri)- 355.

SPHJEROCARPUS :— 746 ; (S. terrestris)- 82, 258.

II. MARCHANTIACE/E:—83, 84, sa 279, 423, 453. 402, 463, 405%, 512*, 544,
604, 605, 689, 758, 799, 918, 960, 967
a S :—477
ATHALAM

—252.

"eg CONICUS :—#7.

CRYPTOMITRIUM TENERUM :— 897.

DUMORTIERA :— 64.

DUVALIA :—700.

LUNULARIA :—697; (L. vulgaris)- 326, 470.

MARCHANTIA BESCHERELLEI :—887 ; (M. polymorpha)- 229, 326, 343, 413s 424
455, 624, 624a, 696, 902, 903, 904, 961a, 1016.

PELTOLEPIS :—529

PREISSIA HEMISPHÆRICA :— 3374.

SAUTERIA :—486; (S. Ser, 500.

Tate :—624b, 660.
Ill. ANTHOCEROTACEE :— 29, 297*, 467, 465*

ANTHOCEROS:—458, 617, 915, 966, ; (A. Frunipd)-- 886; (A. lævis)- 354, 656,
657, 81

ORDERS FERTILIS :—618, 619, 620. è

NOTOTHYLAS :—621.
IV. JUNGERMANIACE/E:—465*, 772, 831,—(Marsupiocarpous Jung. )- 292, 307;

406.

ANEURA ee EE 744-

ANOMOCLADA

ANTHELIA :— $m

BAZZANIA :—561*, 878*,

BLASIA PUSILLA :-—452, es dt 830, 965.

| PALMATUM :—7 32.

H;—I

ee CRISPULA : 888»,

CEPHALOZIA :—858*, 999 ;—(C. Fo 543; (C. obtusiloba)— 527.

en PERPUSILLUM :—892*

FOSSOMBRONIA :— 523, 548.

RULLANIA DILATATA :—117, 186, 221, 442.

GYMNOMITRIUM CONFERTUM :—741, 877 ; (G. obtusa)- 721, 722.

HERBERTA ADUNCA :—851

JUNGERMANIA Ce =, (J. exsecta)- 697; (J. Hornshcuchiana)- 824;
(J. Medelpadica)- 17, 18; (J. Mildeana)- 305, 622; (J. polaris)- sor; (J. Reich-
ardti)- 394; (J. Berge 46; (J. ventricosa)- 16.

LEPIDOZIA :—561*

91

LEJEUNEA : E 478, 736, 860, 864, 893*, 898* ; (L. minutissima)- 581; (L.
Rossettiana)- 996
MAR

RSUPELLA :— 226, 489, 857*; n adusta)- 69, 488; (M. capillaris)- 398; (M.
revoiuta)- 750; (M. iiri 728
MESOTUS :—51

9
METZGERIA : ae 508, 648*, 697; (M. conjugata)- 995; (M. furcata) 277, 904,
MONOCLEA :—2
ODONTOSCHISMA : uim
PALLAVICINIA:— 511; (P. Lydi ii)- 978.
PELLIA ;—30, 306; (P. calycina)- 905; (P. epiphylla) 25, 737, 904.
PLAGIOCHILA :—561*, 880.
PLEUROZIA :—385*, 554.
PORELLA :—470a, 514*; (P. Levieri)- 386; (P. pinnata

)- 837 :
RADULA :—384, 875*; (R. Carringtonii)- 725; (R. EE 449; (R. ger:

mana)- 726
SCALIA Hot, :—29r*,
'SCAPANIA :— 303, = 931 ; (S. crassiretis)- 127; (S. planifolia)- 735.
TREUBIA INSIGNIS —895*.
ZOOPSIS :—457, 518, 858.

GREENCASTLE, INDIANA,
6 February, 1893.

———

MEMOIRS

OF THE

THE

= BOTANICAL EXPLORATIO:

OF ade

. SOUTHWESTERN VIR

During the Season of n

MEMOIRS

OF THE

IORREY BOTANICAL CLUB.

Vol. IV. No. 2.

Report of the Botanical Exploration of Southwestern Virginia During
the Season of 1892,

Bv JoHN K. SMALL AND ANNA MURRAY VAIL.

The term Southwestern Virginia is a rather vague expression
and to the majority of botanists it does not by any means convey
its real significance. Occasionally it is met with in botanical text-
books or on the labels of some collector who has made a limited
excursion into that region. On an ordinary geographical map
this tract of country appears quite small, and it is not until one
enters it that it is realized how vast and important, as well as in-
teresting, the district really is.

Early in the spring of 1892 several members of the Torrey
Botanical Club planned an extended excursion to the border-land
of Southwestern Virginia and North Carolina. Entering the field
through the Valley of Virginia, on the sixteenth day of May,
they selected Marion, the court house of Smyth County, as a
centre from which exploring trips could be made.

Marion lies in and near the lower end of the great Valley of
Virginia, which forms a more or less natural boundary between
the Blue Ridge on the east and the Alleghany Mountains on the
West. The territory visited lay close to the North Carolina State
line, and the ground that was most thoroughly explored was that
within a radius of about twenty miles from Marion, though a number
of excursions to more distant localities and points of special
Prominence were made at intervals. Marion is situated near the
Virginia and North Carolina boundary line, which, besides being

Mem, Torr, Bor. Crus, Vol. IV., Part 2, Sig. 1, Nov. 18, 1893.

94

a political limit, has always been made a conventional line between
the northern and southern floras of the States east of the Mis-
sissippi river, or the temperate region of eastern North America.

Although contiguous, the mountains of North Carolina and
Virginia are of two very different types, and any one accustomed
to collecting in the wilderness of the western portions of the former
State is immediately struck with the great topographical differ-
ence between the two regions. In the tract of country under
consideration the mountain ridges and valleys are usually long,
although much varying in length, and run in nearly parallel lines,
whereas in North Carolina, in place of the parallel system, there
is a mass of short ridges and peaks thrown together in all con-
ceivable positions and at every possible angle and relation to one
another. As can naturally be inferred, there is considerable dis-

similarity in the floras of the two tracts. The conventional line

between the two states is by no means absolute, and there is
much overlapping and intergrading of their respective floras.
This was especially observed, and it furnished many facts con-
cerning the geographical distribution of species.

The two factors that have exerted the greatest influence in
producing such an extensive flora as there exists are the varied
character of the contour of the region and the variety of the
geological formations of its valleys and its mountain ranges,
which latter are the Blue Ridge, the Alleghanies and the Cumber-
land Mountains. As to the former, there are all conditions of
erosion and varying altitudes ranging from the valleys, some of
which are 2,000 feet above the level of the sea, to ridges
5,000 feet and peaks nearly 6,000 feet in height. The latter fac-
tor's influence can readily be understood when we consider both
the restricted and extensive limestone valleys followed by thick
strata of the different sedimentary rocks on thé mountain slopes
and ending with the granite or gneiss of the higher peaks, each
formation supporting a greater or less number of peculiar species
and varieties. In addition to these there are two other factors,
the climatic and meteorological conditions as they prevail there.
They may not exert as much power in enlarging the flora as in
rendering it as luxuriant as it is. The temperature seems to be
just about the requisite degree, seldom so hot as to produce exces-

B ^
f

a
» wil
A

95

sive transpiration, seldom so cool as to do harm. The rainfall
is large, seemingly excessive in some of the mountains, but favor-
able to the growth of the majority of plants, while those preferring
drier situations are found on the more open and plain-like plateaus
or on the southern slopes of many of the mountains. These latter
remain peculiarly dry notwithstanding the large rainfall.

In consequence of these agents, there exists, especially on the
mountains, an extraordinarily prolific growth of plants. Not only
are the smaller phanerogams, the ferns, the mosses and the lower
cryptogams remarkably well developed, but the mountains and
valleys are clothed with magnificent, in some instances almost
primeval, forests.

Local Geography.

Towards the east and southeast, in fact just on the limits of
the town of Marion, lie the foot-hills of the Blue Ridge. These
consist of a chain of peculiar and striking * knobs" reaching an
altitude of about 2,600 feet. Immediately behind them is the first
ridge of the range, called Pond Mountain. The highest point at-
tained there is 3,400 feet. East of the northern end of Pond
Mountain, and more or less connected with it, is Brushy Moun-
tain, whose altitude exceeds that of the former ridge by 200 feet.
Beyond this the country is more open for a short distance, form-
ing thus the Valley of the South Fork of the Holston River.*

Rising abruptly from the valley is.the massive ridge of the
Iron Mountains, with its many lofty spurs and out-lying peaks,
Which ascend as high as 4,900 feet. The culmination of altitude
is reached in the next short but stately elevation, for on either end
of this ridge are situated two most conspicuous peaks, Mt. Rogers
and White Top Mountain, the highest points in Virginia, the
former 5,719 feet and the latter only 41 feet lower. After these
summits are passed, the country gradually decreases in altitude
until the narrow and cañon-like valley of the New River is
reached. This stream has cut down its valley until,now it flows
in that region at an elevation of about 2,000 feet. Beyond the
river still eastward the land again rises rapidly, and an extensive

* In this brief description the smaller valleys and ridges are not considered.

E

96

mountainous tract separates the New River from the plain on the
east. This region when more thoroughly explored in the future
will doubtless yield fine results.

About four miles northwest of Marion, on the opposite side of
the valley of the middle fork of the Holston River, the Alleghanies
take their rise. Beyond a more or less interrupted outlying ridge,
at some places rising to 3,000 feet, Walker Mountain is situated,
its highest altitude being 3,800 feet. Gradually shading out into
the irregular talley of the north fork of the Holston, the land rises
into more lofty and rugged mountains, prominent among which
are the peak-like summits of White Rock, Red Rock, etc. The
Alleghanies extend westward for many miles, finally ending with
the Powell River valley, whence the most westerly mountain
range rises—the Cumberland. This, although much lower than
the two eastern ranges, spreads over a large area, and consists of
almost innumerable small ridges, which fade out little by little
into the plains of Kentucky and the neighboring States.

In consequence of such diversified conditions, it is natural that
the flora of the whole district is more or less affected and locally
distributed. The botany of our excursion is recorded in the fol-
lowing annotated list of the plants collected :

Clematis Addisonii, Britton. Roanoke, alt. 1,000 ft.

The locality discovered in 1890* was again visited and found
to have been nearly obliterated by the quarrying down of the hill
in the process of building ‘new streets, so that where hundreds of
plants were seen before not more than a couple of dozen were
noticed.f

t Clematis ovata, Pursh. Fl. Am. Sept. ii. 737 (1814). Kate's Mt.
Greenbriar Co., W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft.
For the first time, as far as is known, this rare Clematis has
been collected in flower at the same place where Dr. Britton found
it in fruit in 1890, and it proves to be a good species.

* Mem, Torr. Club, ii. 28.

+In the Gattinger Herbarium of the University of Tennessee, at Knoxville,
there is a specimen of this species preserved, collected by Mrs. Bennett, in 1888, in
the Cumberland Mountains, Tenn.—N. L. B.

tMem. Torr. Club, ii. 28,

97

It grows on a dry, slaty hillside, in low, crowded clumps, often
as many as twenty stems growing from a lignous base and matted
mass of lignous roots. The stems, leaves and petioles are pubes-
cent with weak, matted, silky hairs, becoming more glabrous with
age, the peduncle and petioles retaining more pubescence than
the remaining portion of the plant; the leaves ovate, sparingly
pubescent with few, weak, silvery hairs, becoming glabrous and
strongly reticulate with age, sessile or very short petioled, entire or
rarely with a few teeth. The flower is 114-214 cm. long, densely
tomentose on the exterior, violet purple inside, the ripe plumose
tails of the achenes greyish or creamy white.

Clematis ovata differs mainly from C. ochroleuca in its smaller
more slender habit, nearly glabrous leaves, shorter petioles, smaller
flowers and the much lighter color of its fruit, though whether the
latter character is a constant one remains to be seen when more
material of C. ovata has been collected and studied.

Clematis ochroleuca, Ait. Roanoke, alt. 1,000 ft.

A particularly vigorous form of this interesting plant. It grew
in great profusion on a dry hillside and for a distance of half a
mile or more very close to the town, and the locality will doubt-
less soon share the fate of that of C. Addisonii.

The majority of the many plants noted were remarkable for
the lobing of their leaves, which in some cases were 3-5-cleft
or parted nearly to the base. The flowers were about 3 cm.
long, often with 5—6 sepals, very densely tomentose and cream or
yellowish white on the outer surface; the interior of the sepals
cream white or streaked with bluish purple, or entirely bluish-pur-
ple with a whitish margin. A few plants were slender and less
vigorous, with more narrowly ovate leaves and distinctly purple
flowers, and in leaf characters approaching C. ovata.

Clematis Viorna, L. Banks of the Middle Fork of the Holston,
Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Slopes White Rock Mt., alt. 4,200 ft.
Clematis Virginiana, L. Hog-trough Creek, base of Iron Mts.,

alt. 2,600 ft.

Thalictrum clavatum, D. C. Staley Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Slopes
and summit of White Top Mt., alt. 2,600-5,675 ft. Damp
ledges of cliffs on Farmer Mt., alt. 2,300 ft.

98

THALICTRUM CORIACEUM (Britton) Small. 7: diowum, L., var.
coriaceum, Britton, Bull. Torr. Club, xviii. 363.

The plant here raised to specific rank was first published by
Dr. Britton as a variety of Thalictrum dioicum. After a thorough
study of it in the field, it has been found to possess excellent
specific characters, which are briefly brought out in the following
description, the most prominent being italicized:

Perennial, root-stock and fibres large, dright yellow ; strictly
dicecious, rather strict, glabrous and more or less glaucous. Stem
erect, 9-16 dm. tall, branching above into a compound panicle,
striate; leaves ternately-decompound, ‘short petioled, the petiole
at the base expanded into two large stipular appendages, divisions
of the leaflets varying from obovate to reniform-orbicular, almost
white beneath, mostly deeply and sharply incised, quite coriaceous,
veins prominent on the under surface; staminate flowers white,
rather few, anthers linear, subulate-tipped, longer than the filiform
filaments; pistillate flowers purple, numerous, ovary shorter than
the style; achene oblong-ovoid, rather acute, about the same length
as the persistent style, sharply ribbed, generally long-stalked.

_ Discovered at two localities in Southwestern Virginia, in the

Blue Ridge along Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,400 feet, and in the Alle-

ghanies on White Rock Mountain, alt. 4,000 feet.

Thalictrum dieicum, L. Staley Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Slopes of
White Top Mt., alt. 2,600—5,000 ft.

Thalictrum polygamum, Muhl. Banks of the James River, Lynch-
burg, alt. 500 ft. Falls of the Holston, below Marion, alt.
2,050 ft. :

Thalictrum purpurascens, L. Walker Mt., alt, 2,800 ft.

The only locality observed and not far from the southern ob-
served limit of the range of this species, which is about the summit
of the Blue Ridge in Watauga Co., N. C.*

Syndesmon thalictroides (L.) Hoffmsg. Vicinity of Marion, alt.
2,100-2,500 ft.

On some of the plants gathered the leaflets were 3 cm. long
and 4 cm. broad. A few plants were also noticed with pink
flowers.

*Mem. Torr. Club, iii. 6 and 22.

99

Anemone quinquefolia, L. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Skull Gap, Iron
Mts., alt. 3,000 ft.

On two occasions at the above localities a very small form of
this plant was found in dense shade growing only a few inches
high, with small ovate, almost rhomboid leaflets and very delicate
flowers, the petals of which were pink tinged, and in character
approaching 4A. nemorosa of Europe. A larger form grew in more
open woods at Marion.

Anemone trifolia, L. Pond Mt., alt. 3,000. Walker Mt., below
Chatham Hill Gap. alt. 2,700-3,400 ft. Slopes and summit
of White Top Mt. alt. 2,600—5,678 feet.

Not seen below 2,500 feet, but on the higher slopes very
abundant. The woods at the foot of and all along White Top Mt.
summit were filled with it, in places to the exclusion of otber
plants. There was a diversity of leaf form noted, though in gen-
eral the leaves did not vary as greatly as did those of plants noted
two years previous on Salt Pond Mt. and on the Peaks of Otter.*
Anemone Virginiana, L. Beaver Creek, alt. 2,400 feet. Farmer

Mt. New River, Carroll Co., 2,200 ft. Along Dickey Creek, alt.

2,600 ft.

Hepatica acuta (Pursh) Britton. Banks of the Holston, near
Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.
Only collected in fruit, some of the plants 30 cm. tall, the

leaves often 12-13 cm. broad.

From the last named locality specimens were collected with
leaves having the middle lobe of the leaf in its turn 3-lobed
towards the apex, the lateral lobe often 1—2 lobed.

Trautvetteria Carolinensis (Walt.) Vail. Slopes of White Top Mt.,
alt. 3,500 ft. Banks of the South Fork of the Holston River,
alt. 2,200 ft. Peak Creek, Peak Mt. alt. 2,200 ft. Shady cliffs
of Farmer Mt., alt. 2,300 ft. In bloom on June 2oth.

Ranunculus abortivus, L. Slopes and Summit White Top Mt,
alt. 2,600-5,678 ft. Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft. Hills about
Marion, alt. 2,400.

The plants collected on White Top Mt. were very variable in
Size and aspect, those from near the base of the mountain were

* Mem. Torr. Club, ii. 32.

100

robust and large, whereas those from the exposed summit were

so greatly reduced in size that their branches were almost filiform.

Ranunculus hispidus, Michx. Woods and hillsides, Marion, alt.
2,100-2,500 ft. Walker Mt, alt. 2,600-3,000 ft. Pond Mt.
alt. 3,300 ft. Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft.

R. septentrionalis was sought for but without success.

Ranunculus recurvatus, Poir. Walker Mt., woods, alt. 2,700-3,300
ft. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Slopes of White Top Mt, alt.
2,600—5,000 ft.

Ranunculus sceleratus, L. Roanoke, alt. 1,000 ft.

Caltha palustris, L. Staley Creek, Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.

Hydrastis Canadensis, L. Along a meadow on Hungry's Mother
Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

Aquilegia Canadensis, L. Rocky banks of the Middle Fork of the
Holston River, alt. 2,100 ft. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,800 ft.
Slopes of White Top Mt. alt. 2,600-5,000 ft.

Growing in great clumps through the White Top woods, some
of the flowers measuring over 4 cm. in length.

Delphinium Consolida, L. Beaver Creek, alt. 2,000 ft. A pink and

white-flowered form along the railroad track near Liberty,
Bedford Co., alt. 1,000 ft.
A low, hardly more than 30 cm. high, deep blue-flowered form
noted at intervals along the Norfolk and Western R. R., in many
cases for several miles at a stretch. June 3oth.

Delphinium tricorne, Michx. Woods on the Chatham Hill Gap
road, on Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.
In fruit May 24th.

Aconitum reclinatum, À. Gray. East slope of White Top Mt. alt.
4,000 ft.
The second known locality for this species north of the North
Carolina Mts. It is not plentiful and only one station was noticed.
The other locality in Virginia is Cheat Mt. *

Aconitum uncinatum, L. Ravine of the Middle Fork of the Hol-
ston, alt. 2,109 ft.

* A. Gray, Man. Bot. N. U. S. (Revised ed.) p. 47.

101

Actea alba (L.) Mill. Summit and slopes of White Top Mt, alt.
2,600 to 5,500 ft. Along Nick's Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Cimicifuga Americana, Michx. The Island, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Falls of the Holston, below Marion, alt. 2,050 ft.

Cimicifuga cordifolia, Pursh. Hills east of Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.
Falls of the Middle Fork of the Holston, alt. 2,050 ft.

Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Aanthorhiza apüfolia, L'Her. Farmer Mt., New River, alt. 2,200 ft.
Evidently a rare plant in the region, as it was not seen in the

Valley of Virginia.

Magnolia acuminata, L. Staley Creek, alt. 2,100-2,300 ft, and
common elsewhere throughout the county.

Magnolia Fraseri, Walt. Staley Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Walker
Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,800 ft. White Top
Creek, below Skull Gap, alt. 3,000-3,500 ft., and elsewhere
along swamps and streams, where during the last week in
May the slender trees, 30—50 feet high, were in full bloom, the
greenish-white petals measuring 10 cm. or more long when
fully expanded.

Liriodendron Tudipifera, L. Hungty's Mother Creek, alt. 2,300
ft. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft., and elsewhere common throughout
the county. In full bloom June 13th.

Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal. Near Broadford, alt. 2,200 ft. Lynch-
burg, alt. 500 ft.

Menispermum Canadense, L. Sugar Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,100
ft. Reed Creek, base of lower rocks, alt. 2,000 ft.

Berberis Canadensis (Ait.) Pursh. Banks of the Middle Fork of
the Hoston at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Common along streams and in rocky places.. Messrs. Small
and Heller did not meet with it in their journey through North-
western North Carolina in 1891.

Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx. Slopes of White Top Mt.
and Chestnut Ridge, alt. 3,000-5,000 ft. Lynchburg, alt.

500 ft.

102

Diphylleia cymosa, Michx. Slopes of White Top Mt., alt. 3,000-
5,000 ft. In full bloom May 28th, along the swampy borders
of streams and around springs, where it was very abundant.

won diphylla (L.) Pers. Hungry’s Mother Creek, alt. 2,300

t Along Middle Fork of the Holston River, alt. 2,100—
e ft. In fruit June 10th. Plants 20-35 cm. high.

Podophyllum peltatum, L. Staley Creek, alt. 2,100 ft. Also com-
mon in fields and along woods elsewhere in the county.

Sanguinaria Canadensis, L. Banks of the Middle Fork of the
Holston, alt, 2,100 ft. Woods in Hungry Hollow, alt. 2,300
ft. Mountains east of Buchanan, alt. 1,300 ft.

Bicuculla Canadensis, (Goldie) Millsp. Slopes of White Top Mt.,
alt. 4,500 ft.

Bicuculla Cucullaria (L.) Millsp. Slopes of White Top Mt, alt.
4,500 ft.

Bicuculla eximia (Ker) Millsp. Laurel Creek, in the North Fork.
of the Holston River Valley, alt. 2,200 ft.

Capnoides sempervirens (L.) Borckh. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,700 ft.
Farmer Mt., New River, alt. 2,200 ft.

Roripa Nasturtium (L.) Rusby.* (Sisymörium Nasturtium, Ls;
Nasturtium officinale, R. Br.) Staley Creek, 2,100 ft., and
common elsewhere in the region in brooks and swamps.

Arabis Canadensis, L. Shannon Gap, Walker Mt. alt. 3,000 ft.
Dickey Creek, Iron Mts., alt. 2,900 ft. Spur of Pine Mt., alt.
3,000 ft.

Arabis levigata (Muhl.) Poir. River bluffs, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Slopes of Mt. Rogers, alt. 4,000-5,719 ft. Slopes of White
Top Mt., alt. 4,000 ft. Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft.

Arabis lyrata, L. Laurel Creek in the North Fork of the Holston
River Valley, alt. 2,200 ft.

Cardamine bulbosa (Schreb.) B.S.P. Staley Creek, alt. 2,100 ft.

* Mem. Torr. Club, iii., Part 3, 5 (1893). The generic name Roripa, Scop. Fl.
Carn. 520 (1760), Adamson, Fam. Pl. ii. 417 (1763), must clearly M sera Nas-
turtium, R. Br.

103

Cardamine Clematitis, Shuttl. Upper slopes and summit of White
Top Mt., alt. 5,000-5,678 ft. Upper slopes of Mt. Rogers,
alt. 5,600 ft.

The third known locality for this interesting Crucifer. The
species was first collected on the summit of Roan Mt., Tenn. and
N. C., many years ago, then in 1891 near the summit of Grand-
father Mt, N. C, by Small and Heller z This last collection
brings the plant into the range of the flora of the Northern United
States.

Cardamine flexuosa, With. Summit and slopes of White Top
Mt., alt. 4,500-5,678 ft. In rivulets on the slopes of Mt.
Rogers, alt. 4,500 ft.

Cardamine parviflora, L. Chatham Hill road, Walker Mt., alt.
2,800-3,000 ft. ne

Cardamine Pennsylvanica, Muhl. Staley Creek, near Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Cardamine rotundifolia, Michx. Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,600
ft. Slopes of Pine Mt., alt. 3,000-4,600 ft. Staley Creek,
Marion, alt. 2,400 ft.

Dentaria diphylla, L. Ravine of the Middle Fork of the Holston,
alt. 2,100 ft. Bluffs along Staley Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Dentaria laciniata, Muhl. Walker Mt. road, alt. 2,700 ft. Hill
near Staley's Knob, Marion, alt. 2,300 ft. Slopes of White Top
Mt., alt. 4,500 ft. Mt. Rogers, alt. 3,000-5,000 ft.

Many of the specimens densely puberulent.

Draba verna, L. Bluffs of the Holston, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Kate's Mt., Greenbriar Co., W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft.

Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. Streets of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Brassica campestris, L. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Brassica nigra (L.) Koch. Old fields about Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Brassica oleracea, L. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

*Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, iii. 5 and 22.

+ This is certainly identical with the European plant. I have elsewhere expressed
doubt of its occurrence in America, but I am now convinced that we have it. The
plant is very distinct from C. Pennsylvanica, Muhl, which is abundant at lower
altitudes, N. L, B.

104

Bursa Pastoris (L.) Weber. Bluffs of the Holston, Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Lepidium Virginicum, L. Sugar Creek, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Lechea racemulosa, Michx. Pond Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Banks of the
Middle Fork of the Holston, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Dickey
Creek, Iron Mts., alt. 2,900 ft. Mouth of Brush Creek, New
River, alt. 2,200 ft. Pinnacle, alt. 3,500 ft. Peak Creek, alt.
3,200 ft.

Viola blanda, Willd. Summit White Top Mt., alt, 5,678 ft.

Viola blanda, var. amena (Le Conte) B. S. P. (Viola blanda, var.
palustriformis, A. Gray). Skull Gap, Iron Mts., alt. 3,500 ft.
Pine Mt., alt. 4,000-4,900 ft. East Fork Walker Creek, alt-
2,250 ft. 1

Viola Canadensis, L. Staley Creek, alt. 2,400 ft. East slope of
White Top Mt., alt. 4,600 ft. |

Viola hastata, Michx. Staley Creek, alt. 2,400. Slopes of White
Top Mt, alt. 4,000-5,000 ft. Along Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Viola Muhlenbergü, Torr. Staley Creek, alt. 2,400 ft.

Viola obliqua, Hill (V. cucullata, Ait.). Nick’s Creek, Marion, alt
2,600 ft. Walker Mt., alt. 16 ft. Summit and slopes of White
Mt., alt. 4,000—5,678 ft.

Viola obliqua, Hill, forma albiflora, Britton. Staley Creek, Marion,
alt. 2,200 ft.

Viola. palmata, L. Pond Mt. and Walker Mt., alt. 2,500-3,000 ft. `

Skull Gap, Iron Mts., alt. 3,000 ft. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,100 ft.

Viola pedata, L. Bear Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Chatham Hill road,
Walker Mt., alt. 2,500-3,000 ft. Kate’s Mt, W. Va., alt.
3,300 ft.

Viola pedata forma bicolor (Pursh) Britton. Walker Mt, alt.
2,500—3,000 ft. Kate’s Mt., W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft.

Viola pubescens, Ait. Staley Creek, alt. 2,400 ft. Hungry Hol-
low, alt. 2,200 ft. Mouth of Hungry's Mother Creek, alt.
2,075 ft.

Viola rostrata, Muhl. Pond Mt. alt. 2,800-3,500 ft. Falls of the
Middle Fork of the Holston, alt. 2,050 ft. And elsewhere in
the county.

105

Viola rotundifolia, Michx. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Pine Mt.
alt. 4,800 ft. White Top Mt., alt. 5,000 ft.

Growing to great size in the deeper hemlock woods. Some of
the leaves measuring 10-13 cm. long.

Viola sagittata, Ait. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Skull Gap, Iron
Mts., alt. 3,500 ft. Summit White Top Mt., alt. 5,000—5,678 ft.

Viola sagittata, var. ovata (Nutt.) T. and G. Summit of White
Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

Leaves villous, ovate, cordate, crenate, mostly with margined
petioles, the earlier leaves round, cordate; flowers on peduncles
much exceeding the leaves, very dark purple, large, with a thick,
short spur. In bloom May 28th, among grass in an open field
and appearing to be a marked variety.

Viola scabriuscula, Schwein. Walker Mt. road, alt. 2,400 ft.
Green Cove, alt. 2,500 ft. Spruce Swamp, White Top Mt,
alt. 4,500—5,000 ft.

Viola striata, Ait. Bluffs of the Holston, alt. 2,100 ft. Hungry's
Mother Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.

The common violet of the lower levels, often found in wet
meadows and along streams, growing from 10-45 cm. tall.

Viola tenella, Muhl. Roanoke, alt. 1,000 ft. Buchanan, alt.
1,100 ft.

Viola villosa, Walt.* Pond Mt. and Staley's Creek, alt. 2,100-
3,000 ft. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Solea concolor (Forst) Ging. River bank, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

oanoke, alt. 1,000 ft.

Polygala ambigua, Nuttall. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Polygala paucifolia, Willd. Ravine of the Holston, below Marion,
2,050 ft. Knobs east of Marion, alt. 2,300 ft. Kate's Mt,
West Virginia, alt. 3,300 ft.

* After seeing this plant growing in great quantities in the region explored, I
cannot doubt that it is distinct from V. palmata. Its characters are much more pro-
nounced in the field than in the herbarium. The leaves are orbicular or ovate, obtuse
and lie flat on the ground, are purple beneath or sometimes on both sides, and are
seldom over 2 inches br oad; their upper surfaces are usually silve ry-pubescent.
The whole plant, as in the related forms, varies from densely hirsute to nearly
glabrous, NL B.

106

At all localities where the *fringed polygala" was found, the
plants were producing cleistogamous flowers near the roots.
These flowers fertilized themselves much more readily than the
showy ones at the summit of the stem and produced by far the
greater amount of fruit.

Polygala Senega, L., var. latifolia, Torrey & Gray. Buchanan,
Botetourt Co., alt. 1,100 ft. Nick’s Creek, east of Marion,
alt. 2,700 ft. Pond Mt., east of Marion, alt. 3,000 ft.

Not one of our numerous specimens of the above species can
be referred to the typical form, but all of them must be placed
under the variety /atifola. The study of the specimens collected
leads us to believe that the variety may be more prevalent than it
is supposed to be, for this reason ; the best and constant charac-
ter of the variety is the erose-denticulate margins of the leaves
under a lens, which are easily overlooked, as they are not very
conspicuous. The varietal name is a poor guide, and is in fact
often misleading.

Polygala verticillata, L. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Slopes and sum-
mit of the Iron Mts., at Skull Gap, alt. 2,500—3,500 ft.

Dianthus Armeria, L. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. River banks,
Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Valley of the North Fork of the
Holston River, alt. 2,100 ft. Banks of the New River, near
Farmer Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Saponaria officinalis, L. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Hogtrough
Creek, base of Iron Mts., alt. 2,600 ft. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Pinnacle, Cumberland Gap, alt. 2,500 ft.

Silene antirrhina, L. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Pinnacle, Cumber-
land Gap, alt. 3,500 ft. Middle Fork of the Holston, six miles
west of Marion, alt. 2,050 ft.

Silene Caroliniana, Walter (S. Pennsylvanica, Michx.) Roanoke,
alt. 1,000 ft. Kates ME, W. Va, alt. 3,300 ft.

Silene stellata (L.) Ait. Slopes and summit of Iron Mt., alt. 2,500-
3,500 ft. Nick’s Creek, base of Pine Glade Mt., alt. 2,500 ft.

Silene Virgimica, L. Marion, Alt. 2,100 ft. Slopes of White Rock `

Mt., alt. 4,000 ft. Buchanan, alt. 1,200 ft.
Agrostemma Githago, L. (Lychnis Githago, Lam.) Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

|
|
Í
|

107

Cerastium vulgatum, L. Summit White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.
Pine Mt. alt. 4,000-4,900 ft. East Fork Walker Creek, near
Marion, alt. 2,250 ft.

Alsine media, L. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

ALSINE PUBERA (Michx.) Britton. (Svellaria pubera, Michx. Fl.
Bor. Amer. i. 273 (1803). Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft. Staley
Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,400 ft. Pond Mt, alt. 3,000 ft.
Slopes of White Top, alt. 2,600-5,000 ft. Pine Mt. and Fox
Creek Valley, alt. 3,000—4,600 ft.

Arenaria serpyllifolia, L. Roanoke, alt. 1,000 ft. Mouth of Hun-
gry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,075 ft.

Sagina decumbens (L.) Torr. and Gray. Add Wolf, South Fork
Holston River, alt. 2,300 ft.

Claytonia Caroliniana, Michx. Summit and slopes of White Top
Mt., Washington Co., alt. 4,500-5,678 ft.

Claytonia Virginica, L. Wood about Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.

Ascyrum hypericoides, L. (A. Crux Andrea, L.). Chatham Hill
Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 feet. Skull Gap, Iron Mts., alt.
3,000 ft. Along Middle Fork of the Holston, near Marion,
alt. 2,100 ft.

Hypericum Drummondii, Torr. and Gray. South Fork of the
Holston River, near Add Wolf, alt. 2,300 ft.

Growing on the sandy banks of the river. Reported hitherto
in Gray’s Manual from Western Illinois, Iowa, Kansas and south-
ward.

Hypericum graveolens, Buckl. Chestnut Creek, Gossan, alt.
2,300 ft. Summit of White Top Mt, alt. 5,678 ft.

As the exploration of the northern Alleghanies goes on, the
range of this rare and interesting plant is being gradually brought
Out. Up to a few years ago it was known only from the sum-
mit of Roan Mt., N. C., and vicinity, at elevations of 6,000 feet
or more. In 1891 it was found on the southern slopes of Grand-
father Mt., N. C., at 4,200 feet, and a short time after this it was
also discovered on Blowing Rock Mt, in the same State, at 4,000
feet* Although collected at these new localities, it was still con-

* Mem. Torr, Club, iii. 17 and 23.

108

fined to the mountains of Western North Carolina. On the pres-
ent expedition special search was made for the plant, and we were
rewarded by finding it at the two stations given, thereby bringing
it into the range of the Northern flora The Chestnut Creek
locality is especially interesting, as it is nearly 4,000 feet lower
than the original and ordinary habitat of this mountain plant.

Hypericum maculatum, Walt. Peak Creek, Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.
Reed Creek, at base of lower rocks, alt. 2,000 ft. Round Top
Mt., Seven Mile Ford, alt. 3,000 ft. Middle Fork of the Hol-
ston, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Along Hungry's Mother Creek,
alt. 2,200 ft.

Hypericum mutilum, L. Peak Creek, Peak Mt, alt. 2,200 ft.
Hogtrough Creek, base of Iron Mts., alt. 2,000 ft.

Hypericum perforatum, L. Broakford, North Fork of the Holston
River Valley, alt. 2,200 ft Peak Creek, Peak Mt, alt.
2,200 ft.

Hypericum prolificum, L. Banks of the Middle Fork of the Hol-
ston River, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Chilhowie, alt. 2,000 ft.
Near Seven Mile Ford, alt. 2,025 ft.

Hypericum virgatum, Lam. Mouth of Brush Creek, New River,
alt. 2,200 ft.

Malva moschata, L. Streets of and roadsides near Marion, alt.
2,100 ft

Malva rotundifolia, L. Streets of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Near
Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft.

Malva sylvestris, L. Middle Fork of the Holston, six miles west
of Marion, alt. 2,050 ft.

Sida spinosa, L. Chilhowie, alt. 2,000 ft. Cumberland Gap, alt.
1,500 ft.

Hibiscus Syriacus,L. Along South Fork of the Holston, at St.
Clair’s, alt. 2,200 ft.

Tilia heterophylla, Vent. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. Reed Creek, base of lower rocks, alt. 2,000 ft.
Farmer Mt., New River, alt. 2,200 ft.

Linum striatum, Walter. South Fork of the Holston River, at
Add Wolf, alt. 2,300 ft.

109

Linum Virginianum, L. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Linum usitatissimum, L. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Geranium Carolinianum, L. Roanoke, alt. 1,000 ft. Summit of
Walker Mt, near Chatham Hill Gap, alt. 3,000 ft. Along
Hutton's Branch, alt. 2,300 ft.

Geranium maculatum, L. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Pond Mt, alt.
3,000 ft.

Geranium pusillum, L. Laurel Creek, at junction with the North
Fork of the Holston River, alt. 2,200 ft. Slopes of White
Rock Mt., alt. 3,500 ft.

Abundant on the slopes of the White Rock Mt., and formerly
collected only as far south as Pennsylvania.

Oxalis Acetosella, L. Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,000-5,678
ft. Slopes and summits of Mt. Rogers and Pine Mt. alt.
4,000—5,719 ft.
Quite abundant on the upper slopes, where in dense shade

some plants with deep red-purple flowers were collected.

Oxalis recurva, Ell. Banks of the Holston River, Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. Beaver Creek, near the North Fork of the Holston
Valley, alt. 2,800 ft.

Oxatis stricta, L. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Roanoke, alt. 1,000 ft.
Sugar Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.

About the Falls of the Middle Fork of the Holston, near Marion,
alt. 2,050 feet, a very slender, small-leaved plant was collected.
The flowers were small and delicate, yellow; the pods short and
broad, with prominently recurved, long and slender pedicels.
The same form was found before at Roanoke, and in central North
Carolina.*

Oxalis violacea, L. Vicinty of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Impatiens aurea, Muhl. {sland in the Holston, at Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

lex montana, Torrey and Gray. Eastern slopes of White Tep
Mt., alt. 4,060 ft. Summit White Rock Mt., alt. 4,400 ft.

Ilex opaca, Ait. Slemp's Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. McGrady's Creek,
alt. 2,200 ft.

TESTEN

* Mem. Torr. Club, iii. 1.
Mem, Torr, Bor. Crus, Vol. IV., Part 2, Sig. 2, Jan. 22, 1894.

110

Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray. Peak Creek, Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Euenymus Americanus, L. Ravine of the Holston, below Marion,
alt. 2,000 ft.

- Pachystima Canbyi, A. Gray. Reed Creek, base of Lower Rocks,
alt. 2,000 ft.

Still growing in seemingly inexhaustible quantities on the
shaded mountain side above Reed Creek, northeast of Wytheville,
where it was discovered by Mr. Howard Shriver, many years ago.
It forms dense mats over the dry soil and rocks on the steep and
in some places almost perpendicular slopes.

Euonymus atropurpureus, Jacq. Island in the Holston, near Marion,
alt. 2,100 ft.

Celastrus scandens, L. Nick's Creek, on Brushy Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.

Ceanothus Americanus, L. Along Peak Creek on Peak Mt,, alt.
2,200 ft. On Round Top, west of Seven Mile Ford, alt. 3,000
ft. On Walker Mt., near Shannon Gap, alt. 2,800 ft.

Vitis estivalis, Michx. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt. alt. 3,000
ft. Farmer Mt., on New River, alt. 2,200 ft. Common every-
where.

Vitis cordifolia, Michx. Bluffs of the Holston at Marion, alt. 2,100
ft. Near Bristol, alt. 1,000 ft. Spurs of Walker Mt., alt.
2,400 ft.

Vitis Labrusca, L. Rocky bluffs along the Holston River, at
Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

The only station noticed.

Vitis vulpina, L (Vitis riparia, Michx.). Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Esculus octandra, Marsh. Staley Creek, near Marion, alt.
2,300 ft.

Common in the valleys and on the lower slopes of the
mountains.

Ager nigrum, Michx.f. Hungry's Mother Creek, near Marion,
alt. 2,500 ft. Limestone bluff of the Holston River, below
Marion, alt. 2,050 ft.

The most conspicuous and stately tree of the region, attaining
great height and development in the valleys.

| ^ hi nu,

331

Acer Pennsylvanicum, L. Skull Gap, in the Iron Mts., alt. 3,000 ft.
Brushy Mt., east of Marion, alt. 3,000 ft. Slopes of White
Top Mt., alt. 4,800 ft. Kate’s Mt., White Sulphur Springs,
W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft.

Acer rubrum, L. Falls of the Middle Fork of the Holston, alt.
2,050 ft.

This species, usually described as a “small tree" reaches a
considerable development in the southern Alleghanies. On the
mountain sides the trunk commonly measures two to three feet in
diameter.

Acer Saccharum, Marsh. Near the summit of White Top Mt,
alt. 5,300 ft

Acer spicatum, Lam. Ravine of the Middle Fork of the Holston,
alt. 2,050 ft. Hungry’s Mother Creek, near Marion, alt.
2,300 ft.

Negundo Negundo (L.) Karst. Along North Fork of the Holston,
near McGrady's Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Staphylea trifolia, L. River banks at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Rhus copallina, L. Hogtrough Creek, base of the Iron Mts., alt.
2,600 ft.

Rhus glabra. L. South Fork of the Holston River at St. Clair's
Bottom, alt. 2,200 ft.

Rhus radicans, L. Banks of the Holston, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Quite abundant in the immediate vicinity of the town and on

some of the surrounding hills, and remarkable for the more or less

deeply lobed or broadly crenate leaves.

Laptisia tinctoria ( L.) R. Br. Round Top Mt., west of Seven
Mile Ford, alt. 3,000 ft. Shannon Gap, Walker Mt, alt.
2,800 ft.

Lupinus perennis, L. Buchanan, Botetourt Co., alt. 1,100 ft.
Kate's Mt., W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft.

Not encountered in the mountains or valleys south of Bu-
chanan.

Melilotus alba, L. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. In a meadow along
the railroad on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

112

Trifolium agrarium, L. Peak Creek on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.
Trifolium arvense, L. Farmer Mt., New River, alt. 2,200 ft.
Trifolium dubium, Sibth. (Trifolium procumbens, L., var. minus,

Koch.) River banks, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Trifolium hybridum, L. Hungry's Mother Creek, near Marion,
alt. 2,500 ft.

Trifolium pratense, L. Hungry's Mother Creek, near Marion, alt.
2,500 ft.

Forma alba, Britton. Flowers white. Hungry's Mother Creek,
near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft. Hill east of Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.
Trifolium procumbens, L. Hills east of Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.

Lyon Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.

Trifolium repens, L. Reed Creek, at base of Lower Rocks, alt.
2,000 ft. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

TRIFOLIUM VIRGINICUM, Small n. sp. Perennial from a large and
long root, diffusely branched from the summit of the root;
branches 2-4 cm. long, strictly prostrate, pubescent; leaves
3-foliolate, petiole 4-8 cm. long; leaflets linear, linear-lanceo-
late or oblanceolate, 1-4 cm. long, acute or cuspidate, serrate-
dentate, glabrous above, more or less silky beneath, conspicu-
ously veined; sepals ovate, conspicuous; infloresence in ter-
minal, globose heads, about 2.5 cm. in diameter; flowers
whitish, more or less crowded on slender pedicels, .2—4 cm.
long, standard emarginate-mucronate, striate; calyx clothed
with long silky hairs, the teeth subulate, nearly half the length
of the corolla. Pod and seeds not seen. (Plate 75.)

Growing on the rocky slopes of Kate's Mt., Greenbrier Co.,
West Virginia, in company with Clematis ovata.

The most marked new plant collected on the expedition. By
its flower most closely related to 7° stoloniferum, but in all other
respects differing from that and the other eastern American species.
Robinia Pseudacacia, L. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Sum-

mit of Brushy Mt., and along Nick's Creek, alt. 2,500-3,000 ft.

Cracca Virgimana, L. Lynchburg, Co., alt. 500 ft. Shannon
Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 2,800 ft. Round Top Mt., west of
Seven Mile Ford, alt. 3,000 ft. Pinnacle, alt. 3,500 ft.

113

Astragalus Carolinianus, L. (Astragalus Canadensis, LA Along
Middle Fork of the Holston at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Nick’s
Creek, at base of Pine Glade Mt., alt. 2,500 ft. Brushy Mt,
alt. 3,000 ft. Slope and summit of the Iron Mts., at Skull Gap,
alt. 2,500—3,500 ft.

Stylosanthes biflora (L.) B.S.P. Near Seven Mile Ford, alt. 2,050

Lyon's Gap, Walker Mt. alt. 2,800 ft. Round Top Mt.,
west of Seven Mile Ford, alt. 3,000 ft.

Meibomia Dillenii (Darl.) Kuntze. Brushy Mt, alt. 3,000 ft.
Immature specimens only.

Meibomia grandiflora (Walter) Kuntze. Nick’s Creek, at base of
Pine Glade Mt., alt. 2,500 ft.

Meibomia levigata (Nutt.) Kuntze. Shannon Gap, Walker Mt,
alt. 2,800 ft.

Immature specimens only.

Meibomia nudiflora (L.) Kuntze. Nick’s Creek, at base of Pine
Glade Mt., alt. 2,500 ft.

Meibomia rotundifolia (Michx.) Kuntze. Brushy Mt, alt. 3,000 ft.

rowing on the gravelly banks of the road, from long, branch-
ing ligneous roots.

Lespedeza hirta (L.) Elliott. Skull Gap, Iron Mts., alt. 2,500-
3,500 ft.

Lespedeza intermedia (S. Wats.) Britton. Skull Gap, Iron Mts.,
alt. 2,500-3,500 ft.

Lespedeza repens (L.) Barton. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Rich
Valley and Bradford, alt. 2,200 ft. Shannon Gap, Walker
Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.

Lespedeza a (Thunb.) H. and A. Cumberland Gap, alt.

1,500

Vicia calm Muhl. Summit and slopes of White Rock Mt.,
alt. 4,000—4,400 ft.

Not collected south of Pennsylvania before.

Vicia Caroliniana, Walt. Staley Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.
Kate's Mt, White Sulphur Springs, W. Va., alt. 3,000 ft.

Apios Apios (L) MacM. Along Middle Fork of the Holston
River, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

114

Lathyrus venosus, Muhl. Kate's Mt., W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft. ;

Cassia Marylandica, L. Reed Creek, at base of Lower Rocks,
alt. 3,000 ft. St. Clair's Bottom on South Fork of the Holston,
alt. 2,000 ft.

Cassia mictitans, L. Pinnacle, alt. 3,500 feet.

Cercis Canadensis, L. Banks of the Holston River at Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Prunus Americana, Marsh. Roadsides, west of Marion, alt.
2,000 ft. Saltville, alt. 2,200 ft.

Prunus Pennsylvanica, L. f. Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678
ft. Slopes of White Top Mt., alt. 2,600-5,000 ft. Slopes of
the Iron Mts., alt., 2,600—3,500 ft.

Cerasus serotina (Ehrh.) Loisel. River banks, Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. Hungry Hollow, above Marion, 2,400 ft.

Cerasus serotina, var. MONTANA, Small, n. var. A small tree,
twenty-five feet tall, and with a trunk diameter of 2-5 dm.,
well rounded, rather stiff and not lax; bark early developing
numerous lenticels; leaves elliptical, oblong-lanceolate or
lanceolate, 5-17 cm. long, 2-4.5 cm. broad, very coriaceous,
coarsely serrate, the teeth incurved, dark green above, light
beneath, rather coarsely veined, glands on the petiole sepa-
rated from the blade from .2-.5 cm.; inflorescence of short,
thick, divergent racemes, not drooping, rather few-flowered,
also bearing two to three leaves; flowers quite large; calyx
and filaments persistent; drupe large (ripe fruit not seen, half-
ripe drupes .7 cm. in diameter.)

A very distinct variety of C. serotina found only on the “balds,”
near the summit of White Top Mt. at an altitude of about 5,500
ft. Readily distinguished from the species by the larger, more
lanceolate and coriaeous leaves, the shorter, thicker and more diver-
gent racemes and the larger fruit.

Aruncus Aruncus (L.) Karst. (Spirea Aruncus, L.). Peak Creek,
Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft. Shannon Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 2,800
ft. Hutton’s Branch near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft. Hills east of
Marion, alt. 2,400 ft.

Spirea corymbosa, Raf. Near Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft.

115

Spiræa tomentosa, L. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Opulaster opulifolius (L.) Kuntze. (Spirea opulifolia L.). Banks
of the Holston River, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

POKTERANTHUS TRIFOLIATUS (L.) Britton.* (G#lenia trifoliata,
Moench). Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.
Kate’s Mt., W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft. (Plate 76.)

Rubus invisus (Bailey) Britton. (Rubus villosus, Ait. var. humifusus,
Torr. and Gray.) Banks of the Middle Fork of the Holston at
and below Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker
Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Hillsides around Marion, alt. 2,100-2,500 ft.
Staley Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft. Dickey Creek,
along the Iron Mts., Grayson Co., alt. 2,800-3,000 ft.

Rubus Millspaughii, Britton. Above Fox Creek, on Pine Mt., in
deep woods, alt. 3,000 ft. Summit and slopes of Mt. Roger's,
alt. 4,000-5,719 ft. Summit of White Top Mt, alt. 5,678 ft.
Slopes and summit of White Rock Mt. alt. 3,000-4,400 ft.

Rubus occidentalis, L. Walker Mt. road near Hungry's Mother
Creek, alt. 2,400 ft. River banks at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Rubus odoratus, L. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 3,100 ft.
Skull Gap, Iron Mts., alt. 3,000 ft. Pine Mt. alt. 4,600 ft.
Reed Creek, base of Lower Rock, alt. 2,000 ft.

Rubus villesus, Ait. Walker Mt. road near Hungry's Mother
Creek, alt. 2,400 ft. Open fields near Troutdale at the base of
Pine Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.

Rubus villosus, Ait., var. frondosus, Torr. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,100
ft. Petals pink.

Rubus villosus, Ait., var. montanus, Porter. Chatham Hill Gap,
Walker Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.

Growing on the edge of a swamp below the Gap.

* The generic name Gillenia, applied to this plant by Mcench, in 1802, is a
homonym of Gillena, Adans., published in 1763, for plants now referred to the genus
Clethra, L., the two being but different spellings of the same word, and hence is to
be rejected. It is with great pleasure that I here associate with these herbs the name
of Professor Thomas Conrad Porter, whose important contributions to our knowledge
of North American plants have popne over a period of more than fifty years,

The other species of the iege

Poreres

STIPITT A'TT!G

bl.
Spirea stipulata, Muhl.; ges? Enum. i. 542 (1809) N. L. B. (Plate 77.)

116

Geum Canadense, Jacq. Slopes of White Rock Mt. alt. 4,000 ft.
Mouth of Hungry’s Mother Creek and along the Middle Fork
of the Holston, alt. 2,100 ft.

Geum Canadense, var. flavum (Porter) Britton. Banks of the Hol-
ston above Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Waldsteinia fragarioides (Michx.) Tratt. Ravine of the Middle
Fork of the Holston, below Marion, alt. 2,050 ft.

Fragaria Americana (Porter) Britton. Beaver Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.
Growing in a damp, shady ravine with F. Virginiana, and both

fruiting. The fruit 8-10 mm. long, acute, very sweet and fragrant.

Fragaria Virginiana, Mill. Roanoke, alt. 1,000 ft. Beaver Creek,
alt. 2,500 ft. Near Marion, Smyth Co., alt. 2,100 ft. Summit
of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

The specimens collected in the last locality grew among grasses
on the great * balds" along the top of the mountain, and were very
small and stunted, only from 4-8 cm. high ; in bloom on May 28th.

Potentilla Canadensis, L. Near Staley Knob, Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.
Walker Mt. road, woods near Marion, alt. 2.300 ft. Summit
of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker
Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Summit of White Rock Mt., alt. 4,400 ft.

Potentilla Norvegica, L. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Potentilla tridentata, Sol. Summit of White Top Mt, alt. 5,678 ft.
Slopes of the Iron Mts., alt. 3,000 ft.

Agrimonia mollis (Torr. & Gray) Britton. East slopes of White
Top Mt. alt. 4,000 ft.

Agrimonia parviflora, Ait. Ravine of the Middle Fork of the
Holston River, six miles below Marion, alt. 1,050 ft. On the
South Fork of the Holston River, near «Add Wolf, alt. 2,300 ft.

Agrimonia striata, Michx. Hills near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Along the South Fork of the Holston River, and about Chil-
howie, alt. 2,000-2,200. Woods on Fox Creek, base of Pine
Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Rosa canina, L.? Slopes of Pond Mt., alt. 2,600 ft.

Rosa Carolina, L. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. New River
at mouth of Brush Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

117

Rosa humilis, Marsh. Skull Gap, Iron Mts., alt. 2,500 ft. Round
op Mt., Seven Mile Ford, alt. 3,000 ft. New River, at mouth
of Brush Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Rye Valley, alt. 2,400 ft.

Rosa rubiginosa, L. Skull Gap, Iron Mts., alt. 3,000 ft. Reed
Creek, at base of Lower Rocks, alt. 2,000 ft.

Sorbus Americana, Marsh. Summit White Top Mt., Washington
Co., alt. 5,678 ft. One tree noted was over 30 cm. in diameter.

Pyrus angustifolia, Ait. Headwaters of Comer Creek, Iron Mts.,
alt. 3,000 ft.

Pyrus arbutifolia (L.) L. f. Peak Creek, Pulaski Co., alt. 2,200 ft.

Pyrus coronaria, L. Along the South Fork of the Holston River,
alt. 2,200 ft. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Pyrus Toensis, Bailey ? Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Pyrus nigra (Marsh.) Sargent. Summit White Rock Mt., alt.
4,410 ft. Staley Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.

Crategus coccinea, L. Staley Creek above Marion. alt. 2,100 ft.
Rye Valley, alt. 2,400 ft. Tree 1? in diameter. Saltville, alt.
2,200 ft. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Crategus Crus-galli, L. Along the South Fork of the Holston,
alt. 2,200 ft. Along the North Fork of the Holston near Salt-
ville, alt. 2,200 ft. Near Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft. Hungry Hollow
near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.

Crategus Crus-galli, L. var. ovalifolia, Lindley. Along the South
Fork of the Holston River, alt. 2,200 ft.

Crategus glandulosa, Münch. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., alt.
3,000 ft. Along South Fork of the Holston River, alt. 2,200
ft. Staley Creek above Marion, alt. 2,200 ft. Hills near
Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft. Kate’s Mt., W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft.

Crategus mollis, Schrad. Shannon Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.

Crategus punctata, Jacq. Hunger Hollow, near Marion, alt.
2,300 ft. Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft. White
Rock Mt. alt. 4,400 ft. Saltville, alt. 2,200 ft. In Rye Valley,
alt. 2,300 ft.

Crategus uniflora, Münch. Near Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft. Roan-
oke, alt. 1,000 ft. Along Walker Creek, foot of Walker Mt.,
alt. 2,500 ft. Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft.

118

Amelanchier Canadensis (L.) Medic. Kern Valley, alt. 2500 ft.
Pond Mt. alt. 3,000 ft. Summit of White Top Mt, alt.
5,678 ft.

Saxifraga Caroliniana, A. Gray. Chloris Boreali Americani, in
Mem. Am. Acad. Arts Sci. iii. 39 (1846). Chatham Hill Gap,
Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft
This interesting plant was first collected by Dr. Asa Gray on

Grandfather Mt., North Carolina, growing with S. Careyana, both

plants being published under that name in Am. Journ. Sci., xlii.

in 1842. Dr. Gray wrote that the difference between the two

plants was not detected till they bloomed in Cambridge the
following spring, when they displayed characters that remained
constant in cultivation.

On Walker Mt. .S. Caroliniana was growing in great abund-
ance on wet rocks on the north side of the Gap for a space of
possibly quarter of a mile along the road. It was 20-40 cm. or
more high, the stems glandular pubescent, the leaves all in a
rosette at the base, ovate-oblong or round-reniform, 2154-11 cm. or
more long, 114-8. cm. wide, crenately dentate with broad, acute,
mucronulate or obtuse teeth, glandular pubescent on the margins,
acute, cuneate or deltoid at the base, gradually or abruptly con-
tracted into a margined petiole, mostly about the length of the
blade. Panicle diffuse, with a few very narrow, inconspicuous
bracts, the white, two-spotted petals longer than the reflexed sepals.
Filaments slender, clavate. Follicles ovate, acute, spreading, when
mature probably over 6 mm. long.

Engler, in his Monographie der Gattung Saxifraga, p. 137
(1872), accords this species only varietal rank. .S. Careyana is
glabrous, with only faintly spotted petals, spreading sepals and
filiform filaments.

Saxifraga Michauxii, Britton* Summit of White Top Mt, alt.
5,678 ft. White Rock Mt., alt. 4,400 ft.
Growing on the wet cliffs at the summit of the mountain and
showing great diversity in the size and shape of theleaves. Some

* Saxifraga leucanthemifolia, Michx., Flor. Bor. Am. i. 268 (1803) not La
Peyr.
Hexaphoma petiolaris, Raf. Flor. Tell. 267 (1836) not S. petiolaris, R. Br.

119

plants collected were leafy all the way to the top of the panicles,
the leaves being from 5—10 cm. in length.

Saxifraga micranthifolia (Haw.) B.S.P. Staley Creek and Hut-
ton's Branch, near Marion, alt. 2,200-2,300 ft. Along White
Top Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. Slopes of Mt. Roger’s, alt. 4,000-
5,719 ft. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

The plants gathered in the last named locality were grow-
ing on dripping rocks on the banks of the James River and
were noteworthy on account of the broad, oblong, thick, rather
sharply denticulate leaves.

Therofon aconitifolium (Nutt.) Kuntze (Boykinia aconitifolia, Nutt.).
Comer Creek, Iron Mts., alt. 2,600 ft. Dickey Creek, alt.
2,800 ft. In the last named locality it was quite abundant,
growing on rocks in and along the creek.

Tiarella cordifolia, L. Staley Creek near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.
Nick's Creek at the base of Pine Glade Mt., alt. 2,300 ft. Sum-
mit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

Mitella diphylla, L. Staley Creek near Marion, alt. 2,400 ft.

Heuchera pubescens, Pursh. Shannon Gap and Lyon Gap, Walker
Mt., alt. 2,800 ft. Round Top Mt; west of Seven Mile Ford,
alt. 3,000 ft. Roanoke, alt. 1,000 ft.

Heuchera villosa, Michx. Hungry Hollow near Marion, alt. 2,200-
2,300 ft. Along Middle Fork of the Holston, near Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. Peak Creek, Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Chrysosplenium Americanum, L. Nick's Creek, at base of Pine
Glade Mt., alt. 2,500 ft. White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

Hydrangea arborescens, L. Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft. Along Beaver
Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. Slopes of Pond Mt., alt. 2,500 ft. Along
Middle Fork of the Holston, below Marion, alt. 2,000 ft.
Nick’s Creek at the base of Pine Glade Mt., alt. 2,500 ft.
Round Top Mt., near Seven Mile Ford, alt. 3,000 ft. Farmer
Mt., alt. 2,200 ft. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Ribes Cynosbati, L. Bluffs of the Middle Ford of the Holston
near Marion, alt. 2,100. Slopes of White Top Mt, alt. 2,600-
5,000 ft.

120

Ribes prostratum, L'Her. Pine Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Mt. Rogers,
alt. 5,000 ft. Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

Ribes rotundifolium, Michx. Slopes of White Top Mt. alt.
5,000 ft.

Ribes rubrum, L. Fields near Marion, alt. 2,100 feet. Introduced.

Sedum Nevi, A. Gray, Roanoke, alt. 1,000 ft.

Sedum ternatum (Haw.) Michx. Banks of the Holston and
Staley Creek, Marion, alt. 2,100-2,300 ft. Buchanan, alt.
1,100 ft. Slopes of Farmer Mt., alt. 2,200 feet.

Hamamelis Virginiana, L. Hills near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.

Cuphea petiolata (L.) Koehne. Mouth of Hungry's Mother Creek,
alt. 2,075 ft.

Decodon verticillatum (L.) Ell. Wallace Switch, alt. 1,900 ft.

Ludwigia palustris (L.) Ell. Wallace Switch, alt. 1,900 ft.

CEnothera fruticosa, L. Head waters of Comers Creek, Iron Mts.,

alt. 3,000 ft. Slopes of White Top Mt. alt. 3,000 ft. Traut-
dale fields, alt. 2,800 ft.

Œnothera glauca, Michx. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Œnothera linearis, Michx. Fields near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

CEnothera pumila, L. Hills east of Marion, alt. 2,300 ft. Lynch-
burg, alt. 500 ft.

Gaura biennis, L. Wallace Switch, alt. 1,900 ft. Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Circea alpina, L. Nick’s Creek, base of Pine Glade Mt., alt. 2,500
ft. Iron Mts., near White Top Creek, alt. 3,000 ft. Pine
Mt., alt. 4,600 ft.

Circea Lutetiana, L. Beaver Creek, at the base of Walker Mt.,
alt. 2,600 ft. Mouth of Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,075 ft.

Passiflora lutea, L. Banks of the Holston at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Mollugo verticillata, L. Farmer Mt., on New River, alt. 2,200 ft.

Hydrocotyle Americana, L. Base of the Iron Mts., below Skull
Gap, alt. 2,200 ft.

Sanicula Canadensis, L. Slopes of White Top Mt., alt. 2,600-

5,000 ft. Pinnacle, alt. 2,000 ft. Chilhowie, alt. 2,000 ft.
Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

121

Sanicula Marylandica, L. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Cicuta maculata, L. Hutton’s Branch, near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.
At St. Clair's Bottom and along the Middle Fork of the Hols-
ton River, near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Zizia aurea, Koch. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Bear Creek,
east of. Hungry Hollow, alt. 2,400 ft. Peak Creek, on Peak
Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Zizia Bebbii (Coult. and Rose) Britton. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker
Mt., alt 2,400-3,000 ft. Kate's Mt., W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft.

Zizia cordata (Walt.) Koch. Pond Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Sium cicutefolium, Gmelin. River banks, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Pimpineila integerrima (L.) Benth. and Hook. Chatham Hill Gap,
Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Deeringia Canadensis (L.) Kuntze (Cryptotenia Canadensis, D. GE
River banks, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Summit of Walker Mt. alt.
3,400 ft.

Osmorhiza Claytoni (Michx.) B. S. P. White Rock Mt. alt. 4,400
ft. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) D. C. Roanoke, alt. 1,000 ft. Vicinity
of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Feeniculnm Feniculum (L.) Karst. (Feniculum vulgare, Gaertn.)
Along Middle Fork of the Holston River west of Marion, alt.
2,050 ft.

Ligusticum Canadensis (L.) Vail. (Ligusticum actetfolium, Michx.)
Shannon Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Nick’s Creek, at
base of Pine-Glade Mt., alt. 2,500 ft. Peak Creek, on Peak
Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Thaspium barbinode (Michx.) Nutt. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100
ft. Slopes of White Top Mt. alt. 2,600-5,000 ft. Near
Bristol, alt. 1,000 ft. Farmer Mt., on New River, alt. 2,200 ft.
Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. |

Angelica villosa (Walt.) B.S.P. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt.,
alt. 3,000 ft. Slemp Creek, alt. 2,800 ft. Peak Creek, Peak
Mt., alt. 2,200 ft. Pinnacle, alt. 3,500 ft.

Daucus Carota, L. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

122

Aralia nudicaulis, L. Summit of Pond Mt., east of Marion, alt.
3,300 ft.

Aralia racemosa, L. Along the upper part of Nick’s Creek, on
the slopes of Pine Glade Mt., alt. 2,600 ft.

Panax quinquefolia, L. (Aralia quinquefolia, Decne. and Planch.)
Only one specimen of this species was collected and it was
found under a damp, overhanging clift near the falls of the
Holston River, alt. 2,050 ft.

Cornus alternifolia, L. f. Bluffs of the Holston River at Marion,
alt. 2,100 ft. Along Bear Creek, alt. 2,400 ft.

Cornus florida, L. Along Staley Creek, east of Marion, alt.
2,200 ft. Northeast slope of White Top Mt,, alt. 4,000 ft.
Chestnut Ridge, alt. 3,500 ft. Walker Mt., at Lyon’s Gap, alt.
2,800 ft. Along Peak Creek on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.
Kate’s Mt., W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft.

On the hills along Staley Creek, near Marion, a decidedly
pinkish-flowered form was noticed.

Cornus sericea, L. Along the South Fork of the Holston River near
Add Wolf, alt. 2,200 ft. Rocky banks of the Middle Fork
of the Holston River, near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Sandy shore
of New River at foot of Farmer Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Nyssa aquatica, L. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. River. banks and
hills near Marion, alt. 2,100-2,500 ft. Chatham Hill Gap,
Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

In the higher altitudes the larger and older trees were very
remarkable for the heavy, thick, almost corky bark, splitting into
more or less regular, hexagonal sections. Near Marion some
specimens were collected that had decidedly lobed leaves.
Sambucus Canadensis, L. Cliffs of Farmer Mt. along the New

River, alt. 2,200 ft. About Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Fall of

the Holston River, alt. 2,050 ft.

The specimens from the last cited locality are noteworthy on
account of pubescence on the under surface of the leaves. A
minute and inconspicuous pubescence often occurs in this species,
but on the specimens here noted it has developed into conspicuous
and rather stiff silky hairs.

18

Sambucus pubens, Michx. Western slope of Mt. Rogers, alt. 4,600
ft. On the Iron Mts., at Skull Gap, alt. 3,500 ft.

Viburnum acerifolium, L. On slope of Pine Glade Mt. near Nick’s
Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. On a spur of Pine Mt. alt. 4,000 ft. Falls
of the Holston River, alt. 2,050 ft. On the Iron Mts., along
Comer Creek, alt. 3,000 ft.

Viburnum cassinoides, L. Banks of Peak Creek, on Peak Mt, alt.
2,200 ft. Summit of White Rock Mt. alt. 4,400 ft. Rye Val-
ley, alt. 2,300 ft.

Credited as growing only as far south as New Jersey. After
two years exploration in the mountains of North Carolina and
Virginia, it can be safely asserted that there it is the prevailing
viburnum and grows with equal vigor on exposed mountain
tops and in sheltered valleys. The species reaches greater de-
velopment in the Southern Alleghenies than it does in the North.*
Viburnum dentatum, L. Along Peak Creek on Peak Mt. alt.

2,200 ft. j

The specimens from this locality are a little more pubescent
than usual, but are clearly the species to which they have been
referred.

VIBURNUM FERRUGINEUM (T. & G.) Small. |

V. prunifolium, L. var. ferrugineum, T. & G. A small tree twenty
feet high. Leaves elliptical-ovate to elliptical-obovate, two to
three and one-half inches long, often coriaceous when young,
finely and sharply serrate petioled; petiole winged; wings of
the petiole above and beneath, ribs and veins beneath and the
mid-rib above ferruginous-tomentose; cymes compound, large,
Sessile or sometimes peduncled ; rays four, rarely three or five ;
flowers large, three to three and one-half lines across; drupe
large, five to seven lines long, broadly ovoid, covered with a
bloom, seed nearly orbicular. (Plate 78.)

Along a stream on the southern cliffs of the Pinnacle near
Cumberland Gap, Lee Co., alt. 2,500 ft. We also have specimens
from Milledgeville, Georgia (Boykin, No. 2), in oak-wood, near
Tallahassee, Florida (Rugel), Alabama (Buckley), Bayou Fasilier,
Opelousas, Louisiana (Carpenter, No. 21), and Fredericksburg,
Texas (Thurber, No. 83).
2 Mem. Torr, Club, ii 6, 27.

—

124

Viburnum alnifolium, Marsh. (Viburnum | lantanoides, Michx.).
Pine Mt., alt. 4,600 ft. Slopes and summit of White Top
Mt., alt. from 4,800 to 5,678 ft. Along White Top Creek,
between White Top and the Iron Mts., alt. 2,600 ft.

The specimens collected at the last locality are remarkable for
the size of the cymes, some of which measured more than eight
inches across, and although growing in the damp shade of an
original forest where the sun seldom penetrates, the drupes were
fully ripe, while the fruit of bushes two thousand feet higher on
the mountain side had not yet begun to change color or ripen,
notwithstanding that they grew in more open places. This obser-
vation serves to show how great an effect altitude has on a plant,
even when strong influences are present to counteract it. In the
valley the shrub reached a height of 5 m.

Viburnum prunifolium, L On the South Fork of the Holston
River, near St. Clair’s Bottom, alt. 2,200 ft. Ledges of the
Holston River, opposite Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Triosteum perfoliatum, L. Southern slope of White Rock Mt., alt.
3,800 ft. Rocky banks of the Middle Fork of the Holston
River, alt. 2,100 ft.

Symphoricarpos racemosus, Michx. Rocky banks of the Middle
Fork of the Holston River, at the mouth of Hungry’s Mother
Creek, alt. 2,076 ft.

Hitherto Pennsylvania has been given as the southern limit of
the range of this species. It will now have to be extended to.
Southwestern Virginia, as it occurs plentifully at the above cited
locality. There is, also, a specimen in the Columbia College Her-
barium, collected by Short in Kentucky.

Symphoricarpos Symphoricarpus (L). MacM. (Symphoricarpos vul-
garis, Michx.). Banks of the Holston River at Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

The note on the preceding species applies as well to this one.
It is not rare in the mountains of North Carolina.*

Lonicera dioica, L. (Lonicera glauca, Hill.) Cliffs northrof Bristol,
alt. 1,800 ft.

* Mem. Torr, Club, iii, 18, 27.

Evidently not collected in this region before, but found previ-
ously in the mountains of North Carolina.*

Lonicera Japonica, Thunb. Roadsides north of Abingdon, alt.
1,950 ft. On limestone ledges of Middle Fork of the Holston
River, one mile south of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

The range of this much neglected species now extends from
New York to North Carolina and across the mountains into West
Virginia. It has probably escaped from cultivation and become
naturalized in many parts of New England and the territory west
of the mountains, but at present we have no record as to its oc-
currence there.

Diervilla Diervilla (L.) MacM. (Diervilla trifida, Mœnch.) Sum-
mit of White Rock Mt., alt. 4,400 ft.

It may be of interest to note that the only locality at which
this species, usually common in the mountains, was observed dur-
ing the journey was on the very summit of the white sandstone
cliffs that crown the top of the White Rock Mt.

Cephalanthus occidentalis, L. Rocky banks of the New River at the
base of Farmer Mt., alt. 2,100 ft. Near Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Houstonia cerulea, L. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Not noticed in the mountains. The closely related species H.
serpyllifolia seems to replace it throughout the upper slopes.
Houstonia serpyllifolia, Michx. Banks of Staley Creek near Marion,

alt. 2,100 ft. Slopes and summit of White Top Mt. alt. 2,600-

5,078 ft.

Houstonia purpurea, L. Southern slope of White Rock Mt, alt.
3,800 ft. On Pine Mt. alt. 3,500ft. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Although observed at a number of localities this species is not
by any means as plentiful, nor as widely distributed as it is in
similar situations in the mountains of North Carolina.

Houstonia purpurea, L., var. PUBESCENS, Britton, n. var.

Erect, slender, densely pubescent, 6/-10' high. Leaves ovate
Or lanceolate. On dry wooded hills west of Lynchburg, Camp-
bell Co., alt. 600 ft. This may be Æ. pubescens, Raf. Med. Rep.,
1808 >

ORs en
* Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, iii. 6.
Mem. Torr. Bor. Crus, Vol, IV., Part 2, Sig. 3, Feb. 10, 1894.

126

Houstonia tenuifolia, Nutt. Cliffs of Farmer Mt. along the New
River, alt. 2,200 ft. Along Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200
ft. In sandy soil on the western slope of the Pinnacle near
Cumberland Gap, alt. 3,000 ft.

Mitchella repens, L. Pine Mt., alt. 4,500 ft. Summit of the Iron
Mts., alt. 3,400 ft. Banks of White Top Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.
Slemp Creek, alt. 3,800 ft.

Showing great variation in the flowers, which were 3-6 merous,
those with included stamens having apparently a longer tube than
those with exerted stamens, and all variations were found on the
same plant. At Green Cove P. O., Grayson Co., dry plants of
Mitchella were sold under the name of * Squaw Root” for medici-
nal purposes.

Diodia teres, Walt. On the South Fork of the Holston River, near
Add Wolf, alt. 2,300 ft. Sandy barrens below Abingdon, alt.
1,900 ft. Near Cumberland Gap, alt. 1,500 ft.

Galium Aparine, L. Banks of the Holston River near Marion,
alt. 2,100 ft.

Galium Anglicum, L. Along road in the valley of the North Fork

of the Holston River near Broad Ford, alt. 2,200 ft. About `

Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft., where it was thoroughly established.
Galium circezans, Michx. On the Island, near Marion, alt.

2,100 ft. On Walker Mt., near Chatham Hill Gap, alt. 3,000

ft. Slopes of Round Top Mt. west of Seven-mile Ford, alt.

2,800 ft. Woods about Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Galium latifolium, Michx. Slopes of Pine Glade Mt., along Nick's
Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. Southern slope of White Rock Mt., alt.
4,000 ft. Cliffs of Farmer Mt., along the New River, alt. 2,200
ft. Iron Mts., about Skull Gap, alt. 3,000 ft.

Galium latifolium, Michx., var. HISPIDUM, Small, n. var. _

Plants forming dense tufts, strongly branching from the roots, a
little more than 30 cm. tall. Stems densely hispid. Leaves lan-
ceolate, rather broadly lanceolate pubescent on both sides with
hispid hairs.

On spurs of the Iron Mts, along Hog-trough Creek, alt.
2,600 ft.

127

Galium lanceolatum, Torr. Western slope of Mt. Rogers, alt.
4,600 ft. White Top Mt., alt. 4,000 ft. Walker Mt., about
Chatham Hill Gap, alt. 3,000 ft. Banks of Nick's Creek, alt.
2,500 ft.

According to Gray's Manual this species is said to occur in
“dry woods, New England to North Michigan and Minnesota."
The plant is not rare in New York, New Jersey, Eastern and
Western Pennsylvania, and southward in the mountains of Virginia.

Galium tinctorium, L. In damp places in the valley between
White Top and the Iron Mts., alt. 2,800 ft.

Galium pilosum, Ait. On Peak Mt., along Peak Creek, alt. 2,200
ft. About mouth of Brush Creek on the banks of the New
River, alt. 2,200 ft.

Galium pilosum, Ait. var. puncticulosum (Michx.) Torr. and Gray.
Near Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Galium triflorum, Michx. Rocky banks of the Middle Fork of the
Holston River near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Iron Mts., alt. 3,000 ft.

Dipsacus sylvestris, Mill. Plentiful along the main roads in the
valleys of the Three Forks of the Holston River.

Vernonia Noveboracensis(L.) Willd. Along the South Fork of the
Holston River, above Add Wolf, alt. 2,300 ft.

Eupatorium sessilifolium, L. Banks of Middle Fork of the Holston
River near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Eupatorium album, L. Western slope of the Pinnacle, near Cum-
berland Gap, alt. 3,000 ft.

It was interesting and noteworthy to find this species of Zu-
Patorium, which is almost wholly restricted to the sea coast,
growing high up on a dry mountain side. However, this is only
one instance of a number of other cases of coast species occurring
through the Southern mountains, especially at high altitudes.
Prof. Scribner has detected this species in the mountains about
White Cliff Springs, in Southeastern Tennessee, which locality is
Several hundred miles south of the Cumberland Gap, and the plant
doubtless occurs at intermediate stations.

Eupatorium perfoliatum, L. Wet places on the island near Marion,
alt. 2,100 ft. j

128

Eupatorium purpureum, L. Along Nick's Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.

Eupatorium rotundifolium, L., var. pubescens (Muhl.), B. S. P.
Western slope of the Pinnacle near Cumberland Gap, alt.
3,000 ft.

Quite an extension of the range of this plant to the west, as it
has formerly been recorded as growing near the coast.

Laciniaria graminifolia (Pursh.) Kuntze. (Liatris graminifolia,
Pursh.) On the slopes and summit of the Iron Mts., about
Skull Gap, alt. from 2,500-3,400 ft. Banks of Dickey Creek, alt.
2,800 ft. Along Comer Creek in the Iron Mts., alt. 2,600 ft.

Laciniaria scariosa (L.) Hill, var. sguarrulosa (Michx.), (Liatris
squarrulosa, Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. ii. 92 (1803).). Slope of the
Iron Mts., near Dickey Creek, alt. 2,800 ft. Western slope of
the Pinnacle, near Cumberland Gap, alt. 3,000 ft. White Sul-
phur Springs, West Virginia, alt. 3,300 ft. (A. Brown).
Probably a good species.

Chrysopsis graminifolia, Nutt. Sandy places on the western slope
of the Pinnacle, near Cumberland Gap, alt. 3,000 ft.

Chrysopsis Mariana (L). Nutt. Banks of the South Fork of the
Holston River above Add Wolf, alt. 2,300 ft.

The discovery of these species of Chrysopsis gives us two more
additions to the mountain flora. The first species occurs in the
western slope of the Blue Ridge and the latter on the western
slope of the Cumberland Mountains.

C. graminifolia also occurs on the dry eastern slopes of the Blue
Ridge in North Carolina.

Solidago Boa, Hook. Slopes and summit of the Iron Mts. at
Skull Gap, alt. 2,500-3,500 ft. Banks of Dickey Creek, east
of the Iron Mts., alt. 2,800 ft.

Solidago bicolor, L. Eastern slope of the Iron Mts., alt. 2,800 ft.

Solidago cæsia, L. On Pinnacle, near Cumberland Gap, alt.
3,000 ft.

Solidago Canadensis, L. About Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Solidago monticola, T. and G. Slopes and summit of the Iron
Mts., alt. 2,900-3,500 ft. Eastern slope of White Top Mt., alt.
4,600 ft. 2

129

Solidago serotina, Ait. Along Hog-trough Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Solidago ulmifolia, Muhl. Limestone ledges of Middle Fork
Holston River, near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Sericocarpus asteroides (L.) B. S. P. Slopes and summit of the
Iron Mts., at Skull Gap, alt. 2,600-3,500 ft. Cliffs of Farmer
Mt. along the New River, alt. 2,200 ft. Western slope of the
Pinnacle, near Cumberland Gap, alt. 3,000 ft. Vicinity of
Lynchburg, alt. soo ft. Mts. about White Sulphur Springs,
Greenbrier Co., W. Va., alt. 3,000 ft. (A. Brown).

Sericocarpus linifolius (L.) B. S. P. Appomattox, alt. 800 ft.

Aster infirmis, Michx. Slope of Pine Glade Mt., near Nick's
Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. Slopes and summit of the Iron Mts., alt.
2,600-3,500 ft.

Aster undulatus, L. On the Pinnacle, near Cumberland Gap, alt.
3,000 ft. Along Dickey Creek, alt. 2,000 ft.

Aster macrophyllus, L. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Along Nick's

reek, alt. 2,500 ft.

Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. Banks of Nick's Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.
Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Erigeron pulchellus, Michx. (E. bellidifolius, Muhl.) Mountains east
of Buchanan, Botetourt Co., alt. 1,100 ft. On the Iron Mts.,
alt. 3,000 ft. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Erigeron Philadelphicus, L. Along the South Fork Holston River,
near Add Wolf, alt. 2,200 ft.

Erigeron ramosus (Walt.) B.S. P. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
On Brushy Mt., alt. 2,800 ft. Along Nick's Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Antennaria Plantaginifolia (1..) Hook. Summit of White Top Mt.,
alt. 5,678 ft. Summit of Pond Mt., east of Marion, alt. 3,400 ft.

Gnaphalium obtusifolium, L. Eastern slope of the Iron Mt., about
Skull Gap, alt. 3.000 ft.

Gnaphalium purpureum, L. Eastern slope of White Rock, Mt.,
alt. 4,000 ft. Along Sugar Creek, alt. 2,400 ft. About
Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Polymnia Canadensis, L. Slope of Farmer, Mt., along the New
River, alt. 2,200 ft.

130

Polymnia Canadensis, L., var. radiata, A. Gray. Ina rocky rivulet
on the Southern cliffs of the Pinnacle, near Cumberland Gap,
alt. 2,550 ft.

Polymnia Uvedalia, L. Woods near the South Fork Holston
River, alt. 2,200 ft. Banks of the Middle Fork Holston River
at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Silphium trifoliatum, L. Valley of the Middle Fork Holston River
below Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.,
alt., 3,000 ft. (A. Brown).

Ambrosia artemisiæfolia, L. Shore of Middle Fork Holston River,
Marion alt. 2,100 ft. |

Parthenium integrifolium, L. About Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Xanthium spinosum, L. Along McGrady's Creek, foot of White
Rock Mt., alt. 2.200 ft. Vicinity of Wytheville, alt. 2000 ft.
Along the South Fork Holston River near Add Wolf, alt.
2,200 ft.

Heleopsis helianthoides (L.) B. S. P. Banks of the Middle Fork
Holston River at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Along Nick's Creek,
alt. 2,600 ft. On the Iron Mts., by Hog-trough Creek, alt. 2,600
ft. On Chestnut Creek, near Gossan, alt. 2,300 ft.

Rudbeckia laciniata, L. Along Hog-trough Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Rudbeckia triloba, L. Slope of White Rock Mt. alt. 3,800 ft.
Vicinity of Cumberland Gap, alt. 1,500 ft.

Y RUDBECKIA BRITTONH, Small, n. sp. Perennial, stout, hispid.
Stem erect 5—7 dm. tall, simple, channeled, very hispid, leafy
throughout or naked above; radical leaves ovate or ovate-
lanceolate, about 1 dm. long, obtuse, on petioles 4-8 cm. long,
petioles somewhat clasping, upper leaves obovate, on broadly
winged petioles, inclined to be one-lobed, uppermost leaves
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, sessile, cordate, all of much the
same size, distantly serrate-crenulate, strigose on both surfaces;
involucre foliaceous, bracts oblong, 2-3 cm. long; head 1.3
cm. high; rays yellow, twelve, 2.5-3.5 cm. long, two-cleft at
the apex; outer chaff oblanceolate, inner almost linear, acute,
purple tipped and fringed with jointed hairs, style-tips slender,
acute. (Plate 79.)

131

A very distinct species related to Rudbeckia hirta by its acute
style-tips, but in appearance somewhat resembling large forms of
R. spathulata, which however has obtuse style-tips.

Collected in thickets on the rather dry, southern slopes of
White Rock Mountain, at altitude ranging from 3,800-4,000 ft.

Helianthus divaricatus, L. Summit of Brushy Mt. alt. 3,000 ft.
Western slope of the Pinnacle near Cumberland Gap, alt.
3,200 ft. e

Helianthus parviflorus, Bernh. Slope of Pine Glade Mt., along
Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. On the Pinnacle near Cumberland
Gap, alt. 3,000 ft. Slopes of the Iron Mts., along Comer Creek,
alt. 3,000 ft. Along the Middle Fork Holston River at Marion,
alt. 2,100 ft.

Extremely variable as to the size of the flowers and leaves, as
well as in its manner of branching, and is the prevailing species of
the southern Alleghanies.

Actinomeris alternifolia (L.) D. C. Sandy shore of the Middle

ork Holston River at Marion, alt. 2,150 ft. Above Wallace

Switch, alt. 1,900 ft. |

* Coreopsis major, Walt., var. Oemleri (Ell. Britton (C. Oemleri, Ell.)

Round Top Mt., near Seven-mile Ford, alt. 3,000 ft. On

Farmer Mt., along the New River, alt. 2,200 ft. Along Nick's

Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Coreopsis verticillata, L. Near Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Bidens bipinnata, L. Rocky shore of Middle Fork Holston River
near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Galinsoga parviflora, Cav. Streets and waste places about Marion,

alt. 2,100 ft.

Helenium autumnale, L. Along Hog-trough Creek, in slopes of
the Iron Mts., alt. 2,600 ft. :

Achillea Millfolium, L. At different points along Hungry's
Mother Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. On Walker Mt., at Lyon's Gap,
alt. 2,800 ft.

Anthemis Cotula, L. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Near

Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

132

Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum, L. Along Hungry's Mother
Creek, alt., 2,100 ft. .

Cacalia atriplicifolia, L. Along Peak Creek, on Peak Mt, alt.
2,200 ft.

Cacalia reniformis, Muhl. On the eastern slope of White Top
Mt., ranging from 3,000-5 ,000 ft.

Erechthites hieracifolia (L.) Raf. Along Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.

Senecio aureus, L. Swamps on Walker Mt., near Chatham Hill
Gap, alt. 3,000 ft. Wet places along Bear Creek, alt. 2,400 ft.
Swamp north of Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft.

Senecio obovatus, Muhl. Along East Fork Walker Creek, alt.
2,250 ft. Dry banks in Hungry Hollow, alt. 2,200 ft. On
Staley's Knob, near Marion, alt. 2,400 ft. Roanoke, alt. 1,000
ft. Limestone ledges of the Holston River, near Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. Including S. E/Zozii, T. & G., a southern form with
thicker and almost orbicular root leaves, found at the last
quoted station.

d SENECIO SMALLII, Britton (S. aureus var. angustifolius, Britton,
Mem. Torr. Club, ii. 39). Near Hutton's Branch, alt. 2,300 ft.
Northeast slope of White Top Mt, alt. 4,600 ft. Along
Staley Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft. On a spur of Pine
Mt., alt. 4,000 ft. "Vicinity of Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Arctium minus, L. Banks of Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ,
ft. Vicinity of Cumberland Gap, alt. 1,500 ft. The flowers of
the specimens from Cumberland Gap were almost white.

Carduus altissimus, L. Along Hog-trough Creek, near the base
of the Iron Mts., alt. 2,600 ft.

Carduus lanceolatus, L. Grassy meadow near summit of White
Top Mt. alt. 5,500 ft. Along Hog-trough Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.
Banks of the Middle Fork Holston River, near Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. Skull Gap in the Iron Mts., alt. 3,400 ft.

Plants from the last two cited localities seem to vary from the
type. The plant is more slender, the leaves less divided and the
flowers smaller. This form was collected in 1889 about Long
Pond in the mountains of Luzerne county, Pennsylvania, by
Small & Heller.

133

Adopogon Virginicum (L.) Kuntze ( Krigia .amplexicaulis Nutt).
Southern slope of White Rock Mt., alt. 3,800 ft.

Adopogon Carolinianum (Walt.) Britton (Krzeza Virginica, Willd.).
Vicinity of Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Hieracium Marianum, Willd. Ledges of Farmer Mt., along the
New River, alt. 2,300 ft.

Hieracium paniculatum, L. Eastern slope of White Top Mt, alt.
4,000 ft.

Hieracium venosum, L. Brushy Mt., alt. 2,800 ft. About Lynch-
burg, alt. 500 ft.

Prenanthes Serpentaria, Pursh. Slopes and summit of the Iron
Mts., about Skull Gap, alt. 2,500-3,400 ft. Slopes of White

op Mt., 3,000 ft.

Taraxacum Taraxacum (L.) Karst. Eastern slope of White Top
Mt., alt. 5,000 ft. Pond Mt., east of Marion, alt. 3,000 ft.

Lactuca Canadensis, L. Along Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt.
2,200 feet. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,500 feet. Banks of the New
River, above Ivanhoe, alt. 2,200 ft.

Sonchus asper (L.) Willd. Near Saltville, the the North Fork
Holston River, alt. 2,200 ft. Marion, on the Middle Fork
Holston River, alt., 2,100 ft.

Tragopogon porrifolius, L. Old fields about Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Lobelia inflata, L. Along Middle Fork Holston River, near
Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Below Chilhowie, alt. 2,000 ft. Banks
of Hog-trough Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Lobelia cardinalis, L. Swamp near Nick's Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.

Lobelia syphilitica, L. Along Hog-trough Creek, on the Iron Mts.,
alt. 2,600 ft.

Lobelia Spicata, Lam. Barrens below Abingdon, alt. 1,900 ft.
Near Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Specularia perfoliata, (L.) A. D. C. Banks of the Middle Fork
Holston River at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Southern slope of
White Rock, Mt., alt. 3,500 ft.

Campanula Americana, L. Bluffs of the Middle Fork Holston
River near Marion, alt. 2,150 ft. Woods below Chilhowie,

134

alt. 2,000 ft. On the Pinnacle near Cumberland Gap, alt.
2,500 ft. Ravine along Reed Creek, near Wytheville, alt.
2.000 ft.

Campanula divaricata, Michx. Cliffs along Dicky Creek, alt.
2,600 ft. Summits of the Iron Mts., from 2,500 to 3,500 ft.
On Brushy Mt., northeast of Marion, alt. 2,800 ft. Rocky
banks along Hog-trough Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Gaylussacia resinosa (Ait.) T. & G. Summit of Pond Mt., east of
Marion, alt. 3,400 ft. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., alt.
3,000 ft. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Vaccinium Canadense, Kalm. Mountain sides along Peak Creek,
alt. 2,200 ft.

The discovery of Vaccinium Canadense at this station extends
its range a considerable distance southward. Heretofore its south-
ern limit was thought to be Northern Pennsylvania. Pulaski
County is so near the North Carolina boundary that we suspect
this Vaccinium may occur there and will possibly be found in the
higher mountains of the northwestern corner of the State.

The specimens collected in Virginia are not exactly like the
ordinary plant, but are glandular, instead of being simply pubes-
cent.

Vaccinium erythrocarpon, Michx. Brushy Mt. alt. 3,100 ft. Sum-
mit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

Vaccinium pallidum, Ait. Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.
Northeastern slope of White Top Mt., 3,500 ft. On a spur of
Pine Mt, alt. 4,000 ft.

An excellent species of blueberry from both a botanical and
epicurean point of view. The prevailing Vaccinium in the south-
ern Alleghanies at elevations above 4,000 ft.

Often many square miles of the southern slopes of the higher
mountain peaks in North Carolina, and the surrounding territory
are covered with this species which grows to a height of four to
six feet and bears great quantities of fruit of an extraordinary size
and a particularly fine flavor. :
Vaccinium stamineum, L. Brushy Mt. alt. 2,800 ft. Walker Mt,

Chatham Hill Gap, alt. 2,500—3,500 ft. Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft.

155

Vaccinium vacillans, Soland. Along Peak Creek, on Peak Mt.,

alt. 2,200 ft. Brushy Mt., East of Marion, alt. 3,100 ft. Nick’s

Creek, east of Marion, alt. 2,600 ft.

Gaultheria procumbens, L. Nick’s Creek, east of Marion, alt.
2,600 ft. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt,, alt. 2,200 ft.

XOLISMA LIGUSTRINA (L.) Britton.*

(Andromeda ligustrina Muhl; Vaccium ligustrinum (L.) Lyonia
hgustrina, D. C. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt, alt. 2,200 ft.
Dickey Creek at the base of the Iron Mts., alt. 2,700 ft. Sum-
mit of White Rock Mt., alt. 4,400 ft.

Pieris floribunda (Pursh) Benth. & Hook, (Andromeda floribunda,
Pursh.) Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Contrary to the usual habit of this Andromeda, it was growing
abundantly on a very dry and sunny mountain side.

Leucothoë recurva (BuckL) A. Gray. Pond Mt. alt. 3,000 ft.
Along Nick's Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. Banks of Peak Creek, on
Peak Mt, alt. 2,200 ft. Northern slope of White Top Mt,
alt. 3,000 ft.

Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) D. C. Lynchburg, alt. soo ft. Near
Wallace Switch, alt. 1,900 ft. Walker Mt., alt. 3,000-3,500 ft.
Skull Gap, Iron Mts., alt. 3,000- 3.500 ft.

Epigæa repens, L. Summit of White Top Mt. alt. 5,678 ft. Pond
Mt., east of Marion, alt. 3,000 ft. Walker Mt., Chatham Hill
Gap, alt. 3,000 ft. Staley Creek, alt. 2,100 ft.

The “trailing arbutus," one of our early spring flowers in the
North, was still in bloom as late as May 29th, on the bleak sum-
mit of White Top.

Kalmia latifolia, L. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Bear Creek, near
foot of Walker Mt., alt. 2,400 ft. Summit of White Rock Mt.,
alt. 4,400 ft. Along Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

*I am of the opinion that the treatment of the groups included by Asa Gray in
Andromeda, is not as satisfactory as that of Bentham and Hooker, where Andromeda
S restricted to 4, Polifolia, L., and Lyonia, Nutt, Pieris, Don and Zenobia Don
Fecognized as genera. In Amer. Month. Mag. iv. 193 (1819) Rafinesque suggests
the name Xolisma for the Lyonia, Nutt., a homonym of his own Zyonia of 1808,
but he neither defines it nor cites species. In order to maintain this "€ er

H

cite the Synonyms of this species.

136

Measurements of one Ka/mia tree were taken near Green Cove
at the base of White Top Mt., with the following results:

Circumference of trunk 6 in. from the ground, , . . . . . ft. 20:
m Di I ft. rm

DI “6 u DI 3 e G

DI
Height twenty-five feet,

An apparently distinct form was collected on Peak Mt. It is
smaller throughout, the leaves narrower and more acuminate at
both ends. The same was found in 1891 on Blowing Rock Mt.,
North Carolinia, by Small and Heller, at an altitude of 4,200 ft.
We have not seen this form in flower. It may be interesting to
record that the stumps and roots of Kalmia furnish quite a liveli-
hood to the inhabitants of the mountains. They are taken from
the soil and shipped in great quantities to the North, where they
are made into “genuine Briarwood pipes” for the market. Laurel,
the common name of this species, is not known in the South,
where the universal name for it is * Ivy."

Azalea lutea, L.* (Azalea calendulacea, Michx.) Staley Creek,
near Marion, alt. 2,400 ft. Slopes of White Top Mt., alt.
2,600-3,500 ft. Fox Creek on Pine Mt., alt. 3,000-3,500 ft.
Summit White Rock Mt., alt. 4,400 ft.

On White Top and Pine Mt. A. calendulacea in several in-
stances reached the height of over 5 meters. On White Rock Mt.
many acres were covered with it, not more than 1 m. in height,
the flowers very large and of every possible shade of yellow and
flame color.

zalea canescens, Michx. Kate’s Mt., White Sulphur Springs,

W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt, alt.

2,700—3,500 ft.

In both localities the specimens of this species collected, seemed
to hold their characters very well, the flowers rose color, fragrant,
the corollas very glandular, and the under surface of the leaves
more or less canescent with stiff white hairs. On Walker Mt.
they were growing along the edge of a stream and in a swamp,
and were 1-2 meters in height.

*This must be the Azala /utea of Linnæus, Sp. Pl. Ed. t, in part.

157

Azalea nudiflora, L. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 2,700 ft.

The only locality where this species was seen. It was scarce,
hardly more than 30 cm. high with the characteristic, light pink
hirsute corollas and glabrous leaves.

Rhododendron Catawbiense, Michx. Chatham Hill Gap road,
Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Nick's Creek, east of Marion, alt.
2,800 ft. Summit White Top Mt. alt. 5,678 ft.

Rhododendron maximum, L. Slopes of White Top Mt., along
White Top Creek, alt. 2,600-4,000 ft. Slopes of the Iron
Mts., near Skull Gap, alt. 3,000-3,500 ft.

Menziesia globularis, Salisb. Slopes and summit of White Top Mt.,
alt. 3,000—5,678 ft.

Remarkable on White Top for the size of the corollas, which
were 8 mm. or more long, greenish-white with reddish tips and
not at all globular.

Pyrola rotundifolia,L. Farmer Mt.,on the New River, alt. 2,200 ft.
Iron Mts., above South Fork of the Holston, alt. 3,000 ft.
Chimaphila maculata (L.) Pursh. Vicinity of Lynchburg, alt.

500 ft.

Clethra acuminata, Michx. Skull Gap, Iron Mts., alt. 3,000 ft.
Slopes of Pine Mt. above Troutdale, alt. 3,000-4,000 ft.
White Top Valley, along White Top Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Monotropa uniflora, L. Hills east of Marion, alt. 2,500 ft.

Hvroerruys Hyporrruys (L.) Small. (Æypopithys Monotropa,
Crantz; Monotropa Hypopithys, L.). Hills east of Marion, alt.
2,500 ft.

Galax aphylla, L. Woods about Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Hills
along Bear Creek, alt. 2,400 ft. Slope of Pond Mt., east of
Marion, alt. 3,000 ft.

Lysimachia quadrifolia, L. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Pond

t., alt. 3,000 ft.

Steironema ciliatum (L.) Raf. Banks of the Middle Fork Holston
River, above Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. About Lynchburg, alt.
500 ft.

A very showy plant about Marion, varying in height from one
foot, in dry situations, to five feet in damp places.

158

Steironema lanceolatum (Walt.) A. Gray. On Peak Mt, along
Peak Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Hillside north of Pulaski City, alt.
2,200 ft. Mountains about White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.,
alt. 3,200 ft. i

Anagallis arvensis, L. About Cumberland Gap, alt. 1,500 ft.
Along the railroad on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Samolus floribundus, H. B.K. At Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft. In Bear
Creek, alt. 2,400 ft. In the Middle Fork Holston River at
Marion, and at the Falls five miles below, alt. 2,056—2,100 ft.

Diospyros Virginiana, L. On the western slope of the Pinnacle
near Cumberland Gap, alt. 3,000 ft.

Mohrodendron Carolinum (L.) Britton. (/falesia tetraptra, L'Hér).
Ledges of Farmer Mt., along the New River, alt. 2,200 ft.
Fraxinus Americana, L. Eastern slope of White Top Mt. alt.

4,600 ft. Hills east of Marion, alt. 2,400 ft. Along Slemp

Creek in Rye Valley, alt. 2,800 ft.

The specimens from the locality in Rye Valley should be re-
fered to F. Americana, var. microcarpa, A. Gray, if this variety
could be maintained.

It was published by Mr. Buckley as F. albicans, and by Dr.
Vasey as F. Curtissü, and then finally by Dr. Gray as cited above.
It is evident now that the variety is founded on abortive fruit.
This is clearly shown by the fact that the tree in question pro-
duced on the same panicles in addition to some perfect and mature
fruit a large number of small and seedless samaras.

Fraxinus viridis, Michx. f. Base of the Iron Mts., alt. 2,500 ft.

Apocynum cannabinum, L. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Apocynum androsemifolium, L. On Walker Mt., at Shannon
Gap, alt. 2,800 ft. Summit of Pond Mt., east of Marion, alt.
3,000 ft.

Acerates viridiflora (Raf.) Ell. var. lanceolata (Ives) Torr. Vicinity
of Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Asclepias exaltata (L.) Muhl. Southern slope of White Rock Mt,
alt. 4,000 ft. Slopes of Pine Glade Mt., near Nick's Creek,
alt. 2,600 ft. Island at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. On Walker Mt,
at Shannon Gap, alt. 2,800 ft.

139

Asclepias incarnata, L. Swamp near Wallace Switch, alt. 1,900 ft.
Island near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Slope of Farmer Mt. along
the New River, alt. 2,200 ft.

Asclepias obtusifolia, Michx. In Shannon Gap, on Walker Mt.,
alt. 2,800 ft.

Asclepias Syriaca, L. Near the South Fork Holston River about
5t. Clair's Bottom, alt. 2,200 ft. Banks of Hog-trough Creek
in the slopes of the Iron Mts., alt. 2,600 ft. Below Lyon's
Gap, near Walker Mt., alt. 2,600 ft. On Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.
Flowers varying to light cream-color. :

Asclepias guadrifolia, L. Mountains about Nick’s Creek, alt.
2,800 ft. Along Hungry’s Mother Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Pond
Mt. east of Marion, alt. 3,000 ft.

Asclepias tuberosa, L.. Along Peak Creek on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.
On the North Fork Holston River near Broad Ford, alt.
2,200 ft.

Asclepias variegata, L. On Walker Mt, at Shannon Gap, alt.
2,800 ft. Round Top Mt., west of Seven-mile Ford, alt. 3,000 ft.
Banks of Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Obolaria Virginica, L. Woods along Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.

Phlox maculata, L. Rocky banks at the Falls of the Holston
River, alt. 2,050 ft.

Phlox glaberrima, L. Banks of Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt.
2,200 ft.
The leaves of this species are quite variable. On the speci-

mens collected the upper leaves run to broadly ovate, whilst the

lower ones are narrowly oblong. The stems are also sparing
pubescent, the hairs being arranged in lines.

Phlox paniculata, L. Slopes of the Pinnacle, near Cumberland
Gap, alt. 2,500 ft.

A pubescent form of the species with rather small flowers and
broad leaves, seems to be a distinct form in the Southern moun-
tains.

Phlox "Plans, Michx. Banks of Staley Creek, near Marion, alt.
2,200 ft. Slopes of Pine Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Spurs of Walker
Mt., near East Fork Walker Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

140

At certain places in the deep woods this very beautiful and
showy species was quite abundant and presented a most beautiful
sight. j
Phlox subulata, L. Dry, stony ledges on Kate's Mt., W. Va., alt.

3,300 ft.

Phlox ovata, L. Hillsides along McHenry Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Polemonium reptans, L. Meadow near Hungry's Mother Creck,
alt. 2,300 ft. Sandy banks of the Holston River at the Falls,
alt. 2,050 ft.

Hydrophyllum Canadense, L. On the southern slope of White
Rock Mt., alt. 4,000 ft. Hills about Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.
Under cliffs along Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Hydrophyllum Virginicum, L. Mountains about Buchanan, alt.
1,300 ft. Along Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Sum-
mit of Walker Mt., about Chatham Hill Gap, alt. 3,300 ft.
Deep woods along Hutton's Branch, alt. 2,500 ft. Western
slope of Mt. Rogers, alt. 5,000 ft.

At all the above localities only the dark purple form of this
Hydrophyllum was found, as was the case in the mountains of

North Carolina on a previous journey.*

Hydrophyllum macrophyllum, Nutt. Shaded banks of the Middle
Fork Holston River at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Along Hungry’s
Mother Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Southern slope of White Rock
Mt., alt. 4,000 ft.

This species was rather plentiful at the different localities given,
and seemed to be distributed generally through the territory of
Southwestern Virginia, while fifty miles north in the mountains of
North Carolina, in similar situations not a single plant was ob-
served during the summer of 1891.

Phacelia bipinnatifida, Michx. Southern slope of White Rock
Mt., alt. 3,500 ft.

Gray's Synoptical Flora indicates the range of this species as fol-
lows “Ohio and Illinois to Alabama" thus cutting out all of the
mountains except some of the western spurs of the Cumberlands.
This range is not correct às the species extends over the summits

*Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, iii. 5.

a a ie

141

of the Alleghanies and the Blue Ridge. On the present journey

it was collected on the eastern slopes of the Alleghanies at the

above given locality, and the year before on Blowing Rock Mt.,

North Carolina, on the eastern slopes of the Blue Ridge.*

Phacelia fimbriata, Michx. Eastern slope of White Top Mt., alt.
4,500-5,000 ft. . Western slope of Mt. Rogers, alt. 4,800 ft.
This rare and beautiful species of Phacelia exists in inexhaust-

ible quantities on Mt. Rogers and White Top. In some places,

especially along the edges of the mountain brooks, it grows in
matted patches.

Phacelia Purshii, Buckley. At different points along the Middle
Fork Holston River about Marion, alt. 100 ft.

Phacelia parviflora, Pursh. Vicinity of Roanoke, alt: 1,000 ft.
Phacelia parviflora was not collected nor observed at any other

locality. It seems to be restricted more to the lower country and

does not get far into the mountains.

Symphytum officinale, L. Along Hutton's Branch, alt. 2,300 ft.
River banks at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft.
Onosmodium Carolinianum (Lam.) D. C. Roadsides near Seven-
mile Ford, alt. 2,000 ft. Banks of the Holston River below

the Falls, alt. 2,050 ft.

Echium vulgare, L. Roadsides below Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Cynoglessum officinale, L. About Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. In Rye

alley, alt. 2,500 ft. Roadsides about Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft.
Both the red and white forms were plentiful.

Cynoglossum Virginicum, L. Low places by the East Fork Walker
Creek and Hungry’s Mother: Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Pond Mt,
east of Marion, alt. 3,000 ft. Meadows north of Bristol, alt.
1,800 ft.

Lithospermum arvense, L. Vicinity of Roanoke, alt. 1,000 ft.

Lappula Virginiana (L.) Greene. Shaded banks of Reed Creek,

alt. 2,000 ft. Hill sides about Cumberland Gap, alt. 1,800 ft.
‘ponea pandurata (L.) Meyer. Open places near Cumberland
Gap, alt. 1,600 ft. About Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

*Mem, Torr. Bot. Club lii. 6.
Mem. Torr. Bot, Club, Vol. IV., Part 2, Sig, 4, March 8, 1894.

142

Convolvulus repens, L. In an old field along the South Fork
Holston River, alt. 2,300 ft.

Convolvulus spithameus, L. Pond Mt. east of Marion, alt. 3,000 ft.

Lycopersicum esculentum, Mill. Along the N. & W. R. R., above
Wallace Switch, alt. 1,900 ft.

Solanum Carolinense, L. Common in all situations about Marion,
alt. 2,100 ft.

Solanum Dulcamara, L. Along St. Clair's Creek, near the Iron
Mts., alt. 2,300 ft. Waste places about Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
White Top Creek, at base of Chestnut Ridge, alt. 2,600 ft.

Solanum nigrum, L. On the South Fork Holston River, near St.
Clair's Bottom, alt. 2,200 ft.

Physalis lanceolata, Michx. Barrens about Cumberland Gap, alt.
I,

Physalis angulata, L. Woods about Cumberland Gap, alt. 1,600 ft.

Physalis Philadelphica, Lam. Dry woods about Cumberland Gap,
alt. 1,700 ft.

Physalis Virginiana, Mill. Near Saltville, alt. 2,200 ft.

PHYSALODES PHYSALOIDES (L.) Britton. Nicandra physaloides,
Gertn. Atropa physaloides, L. Open places near Cumberland
Gap, alt. 1,600 ft.

Lycium vulgare (Ait.) Dun. Along Hutton's Branch, alt. 2,400 ft.

Datura Stramonium, L. Along roadsides at different points in
Smyth county.

Datura Tatula, L. About Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

In the South both species of Datura seem to be favorite re-
sorts for a species of Sphinx, whose movements and actions it was
very interesting to watch just about the time of sunset, and if one
would pick a branch he would be followed wherever he went by
one or two of these large moths.

Verbascum Blattaria, L. Along runs near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.

Near Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Verbascum Thapsus, L. River banks at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Near Add Wolf, on the South Fork of the Holston River, alt.
2,200 ft.

143

Scrophularia Marylandica, L. About Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Pentstemon hirsutus (L.) Willd. Southern slope of White Rock
Mt., alt. 3,800 ft.

Pentstemon levigatus, Soland. Near Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Pentstemon levigatus, Soland. var. canescens, Britton. Vicinity of
Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Slopes of Kate’s Mt., near White
Sulphur Springs, W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft.

Mimulus alatus, Soland. Swamp near Wallace Switch, alt. 1,900 ft.

Mimulus ringens, L. Near the source of Dicky Creek, in the
Iron Mts, alt. 3,000 ft. River banks about Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Gratiola Virginiana, L. Muddy swamps along Dicky Creek, on
the Iron Mts., alt. 2,800 ft.

Reaching an astonishing size, by actual measurement some
plants grow to be sixteen inches tall with lateral branches six to
eight inches long.

Ilysanthes gratioloides (L.) Benth. Damp places on ledges of

' Farmer Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Veronica Americana, Schwein. Staley Creek, near Marion, alt.
2,200 ft. Banks of the South Fork Holston River, near Add
Wolf, alt. 2,300 ft. Southern slope of White Rock Mt., alt.
3,800 ft.

Veromca Anagallis, L. Wet places above Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft.
Slopes of Round Top Mt., alt. 2,400 ft. Near Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Recorded as growing only as far south as New Jersey? It is
much more plentiful in the Southern States than in the North,
Often appearing as an introduced plant. At some localities it
attains a remarkable size.t
Veronica arvensis, L. Mountain sides east of Buchanan, alt. 1,100

ft. Damp cliffs of Hungry’s Mother Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Slope of Pine Mt., alt. 3,500 ft.

Veronica officinalis, L. Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.
By streams in Hungry Hollow, alt. 2,400 ft.

Um i i

"Man, Bot. N. U, S. (Revised), p. 386.
Mem. Torr, Club, iii, 1 5, 31,

144

Veronica Virginica, L. ‘South Fork Holston River, near St. Clair's
Bottom, alt. 2,200 ft.

Gerardia flava, L. Mountain sidesalong Peak Creek, alt. 2,200ft.

Gerardia levigata, Rat. Different points on the Iron Mts., alt.
2,500—3,000 ft.

Pedicularis Canadensis, L. Slopes of Kates Mt., W. Va., alt.
3,700 ft. Summit of Pond Mt., east of Marion, alt. 3,000 ft.
Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Melampyrum latifolium, Muhl. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Slopes
and summit of White Top Mt., alt. 4,000—5,600 ft.

Melampyrum lineare, Lam. Slopes and summits of the Iron Mts.,
alt. 2,800-3,400 ft.

Anoplanthus uniflorus (L.) Endl.* (Aphyllon uniflorum, A. Gray.)
Slopes of Pine Mt., alt. 3,500 ft. Staley's Knob east of
Marion, alt. 2,600 ft. Pond Mt, alt. 3,000 ft. (Flowers
white.)

Conopholis Americana (L.f.) Wallr. In deep shaded ravines about
the Falls of the Holston River, alt. 2,050 ft. Slopes of Pine
Mt., alt. 3,500 ft. Ravine at the mouth of Hungry's Mother
Creek, alt. 2,075 ft.

Epiphegus Virginiana (L.) Bart. On the eastern slope of White
Top Mt., 5,000 ft.

Dianthera Americana, L. Flat shores of the North Fork Holston
River, near Broad Ford, alt. 2,200 ft

Ruellia ciliosa, Pursh. Vicinity of Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Phryma Leptostachya, L. Hillsides near Wallace Switch, alt.
1,900 ft

Verbena angustifolia, Michx. Dry roadsides near Lyon's Gap, alt.
2,300 ft. Barrens about Cumberland Gap, alt. 1,500 ft. Along
the Middle Fork Holston River, below Chilhowie, alt. 2,000
ft. Near Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Verbena hastata, L. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Banks of the South
Fork Holston River, alt. 2,200 ft. Along Hogtrough Creek,
on the Iron Mts., alt. 2,800 ft.

* Anoplanthus is apparently the first available name for this genus. Aphyllon,
Mitch. (1748) is ahead of Linnzus Sp. Pl. Ed. 1 (1753), and is thus ruled out.

145

Verbena officinalis, L. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Near Cedarville, alt.
1,900 ft.

Verbena riparia, Raf. Banks of Staley Creek at Marion, alt. 2,200
ft. Banks of Cedar Creek, alt. 1,900 ft.
This neglected Verbena was re-discovered at several localities

in North Carolina in 1891.* A careful search was made for it in
similar localities in the valleys of Southwestern Virginia, and we
were rewarded by finding it in the valley of the Middle Fork of
the Holston River, on the banks of the two creeks mentioned
above.

Verbena urticefolia, L. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Collinsonia Canadensis, L. Woods near Nick's Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.

Mentha Canadensis, L. Muddy shores of Reed Creek, alt. 2,000 ft.

Mentha piperita, L. Clay gullies about Cumberland Gap, alt.
I, ;

The Mentha piperita found growing on the’ dry, hot plains
about Cumberland Gap was remarkably prolific. The plants were
producing stolons to the length of a meter and sometimes longer.
Mentha rotundifolia, L. Near the South Fork Holston River

below Add Wolf, alt. 2,200 ft.

Thoroughly established on a hillside and spreading by means
of long stolons.

Mentha viridis, L. Near the Middle Fork of the Holston River,
below Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Lycopus Virginicus, L. Deep shade along Nick’s Creek, alt.
2,600 ft. Open bank along Comer Creek on the Iron Mts.,
alt. 2,800 ft.

Kerr mutica (Michx.) Britton. (Pycnanthemum muticum Pers.)

. Along Chestnut Creek, near Gossan, alt. 2,500 ft. Slopes of

Farmer Mt. along the New River, alt. 2,200 ft. Along Nick's

Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. :
Kallia pycnanthemoides (Leav.) Kuntze. (Pycnanthemum Tullia,

Benth.) Western slope of the Pinnacle, near Cumberland Gap,

alt. 3,000 ft. Slopes of Peak Mt, alt. 2,200 ft. Hills along

Chestnut Creek near Gossan, alt. 2,300 ft.

* Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, iii. 12.

146

Kellia incana (L.) Kuntze. (Pycnanthemum incanum Michx.)
Banks of the Middle Fork Holston River at Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Kellia lanceolata (Pursh) Kuntze.* (Pycnanthemum | Virginicum
B. S. P.) Swamps on Peak Mt. (along the railroad), alt.
2,200 ft.

Kellia Virginiana (L.) Kuntze. (Pycnanthemum flexuosum B. S. P.)
In a large swamp on Peak Mt., alt. 2,300 ft.

Kullia verticillata (Michx.) Kuntze. Dry western slope of the Pin-
nacle, near Cumberland Gap, alt. 2,800 ft. Farmer Mt. on
New River, alt. 2,200 ft.

A great extension of the range of this species south and west.

Its former range being * S. New York to E. Pennsylvania."

Kellia Torreyi (Benth.) Kuntze. (Pycnanthemum Torreyi, Benth.)
Banks of the New River, alt. 2,200 ft. ;
This collection extends the range of P. Torreyi to Southern
Virginia. Heretofore the southern limit was Southern Penn-
sylvania.

Hedeoma pulegioides (L.) Pers. Along St. Clair's Creek, near the
base of the Iron Mts., alt. 2,400 ft.

Clinopodium vulgare, L. (Calamintha Clinopodium, Benth.)
Southern slope of White Rock Mt., alt. 3,800 ft. Along
Nick's Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. About Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Clinopodium Nepeta (L.) Kuntze. (Calamintha Nepeta, L.) Rocky
elds below Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Banks of Reed Creek, near
Wytheville, alt. 2,000 ft.

Melissa officinalis, L. Near the mouth of Nick's Creek, alt. 2,400
ft. Above Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Salvia lyrata, L. Mountains east of Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft.

Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Falls of the Holston River,
alt. 2,050 ft.

UE ee

* We are provisionally using the names assigned to this and the preceding species
by Dr. Kuntze, but think it most probable that Virginiana properly belongs to the
1 lata.) ven nl +

Man. Bot. N. U. S. (revised.), p. 410.

147

Monarda Clinopodia, L. On Peak Mt., along Peak Creek, alt.
2,200 ft. At Skull Gap, on the Iron Mrs, alt. 3,000 ft. Ledges
of Farmer Mt. along the New River, alt. 2,500 ft. On the
South Fork Holston River, near St. Clair's Bottom, alt. 2,200
ft. Vicinity of Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Monarda didyma, L. Banks of Beaver Branch, alt. 2,500 ft.

Monarda fistulosa, L. Vicinity of Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Hills
below Marion, 2,200 ft. Hills about the mouth of Brush
Creek, along the New River, alt. 2,200 ft. On Farmer Mt.,
alt. 2,500 ft. Along Beaver Branch, alt. 2,200 ft.

Vleckia scrophulariefolia (Willd. Raf. (Lophanthus scrophularie-
Folius, Benth.) Thickets along the South Fork of the Holston
River, above Add Wolf, alt. 2,200 ft. Along Hog-trough
Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Nepeta Cataria, L. Along Hog-trough Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. Mar-
ion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Glechoma hederacea, L. Along Bear Creek, alt. 2,400 ft. In
Hungry Hollow, east of Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.

Mechania cordata (Nutt.) Britton. Rocky ledges along Bear Creek,
alt. 2,400 ft. Foot of White Rock Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. In dark
ravines at the Falls of the Holston, alt. 2,050 ft. Along
Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Scutellaria lateriflora, L. In the large spring near Wallace
Switch, alt. 1,900 ft. Rocky Banks of the Middle Fork, of the
Holston River, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Scutellaria pilosa, Michx. Banks of Dicky Creek, alt. 2,800 ft.

Scutellaria saxatilis, Riddell. Foot of Pond Mt. alt. 2,600 ft.

Synandra grandiflora, Nutt. Thickets on the northern slope of
White Rock Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Another species of the Ohio Valley flora which extends over
to the eastern slopes of the Alleghanies.

Marrubium vulgare, L. Along Dicky Creek, alt. 2,400 ft. Near
Hutton’s Branch, alt. 2,400 ft. Below Chilhowie, alt. 1,900 ft.

Stachys aspera, Michx. Near the Summit (southern slope), alt.
5,400 ft. Near Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. |

148

Stachys cordata, Ridd. River banks about the Falls of the Hol-
ston River, alt. 2,050 ft. Woods near Wytheville, alt. 2,000 ft.

Lamium maculatum, L. By a garden at Troutdale, alt., 2,800 ft.

Teucrium Canadense, L. Below Marion on the Middle Fork Hol-
ston River, alt. 2,050 ft. Banks of Hog-trough Creek, alt.
2,600 ft.

Leonurus Cardiaca, ı.. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Jsanthus brachiatus (L.) B. S. P. Roadsides below Chilhowie,
alt. 1,900 ft. Spurs of the Iron Mts., along Hog-trough Creek,
alt. 2,600 ft. Near Add Wolf, alt. 2,200 ft.

Plantago cordata, Lam. Limestone rocks at the Falls of the
Holston River, alt. 2,050 ft.

Plantago lanceolata, L. Along Reed Creek, alt. 2,000 ft. Near
Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Plantago major, L. Along railroad on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Plantago Virginica, L. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Along Hutton's
Branch, alt., 2,300 ft. Near Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. .

Anychia Canadensis (L.) B. S. P. Dry hillsides about Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. Banks of the New River on Farmer Mt., alt. 2,300
ft. Woods along Beaver Branch, alt. 2,500 ft. Banks along
Dickey Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Anychia dichotoma, Michx. Dry places near Cumberland Gap,
alt. 1,600 ft

Chenopodium murale, L. Waste places about Marion, alt. 2,100
ft. Streets of Wytheville, alt. 2,200 ft.

Phytolacca decandra, L. Along Staley Creek near Marion, alt.
2,200 ft. Falls of the Holston River, alt. 2,050 ft. Near
Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Polygonum aviculare, L. Near St. Clairs Bottom on the South
Fork Holston River, alt. 2,200 ft.

Polygonum Convolvulus, L. Rocky places on the Southern slope
of White Rock Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Waste places near Cumber-
land Gap, alt. 1,600 ft.

Polygonum erectum, L. Open places near Cumberland Gap, alt.
1,700 ft. About St. Clairs Bottom on the South Fork Hol-
ston River, alt. 2,200 ft.

%

149

Polygonum Hydropiper, L. Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Along Reed
Creek, alt. 2,000 ft. On the South Fork Holston River, alt.
2,200 ft.

Polygonum littorale, Link. Dry barrens about Cumberland Gap,
alt. 1,600 ft.

Polygonum orientale, L. Near the South Fork Holston River, alt.
2,200 ft. $

Polygonum Pennsylvanicum, L. Near St. Clairs Bottom, alt.
2,200 ft. About Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Polygonum Persicaria, L. Near the summit of White Top Mt.,
alt. 5,300 ft. About St. Clair’s Bottom, alt. 2,200 ft. Near
Cumberland Gap, alt. 1,600 ft.

The specimens collected on White Top Mt. are affected, evi-
dently by the high altitude, in a peculiar way. The stem is
branched only from the root, being strictly simple beyond this.
The leaves are narrower and the flowers reduced in size and of a
deeper pink color.

Polygonum punctatum, El. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Polygonum punctatum, Ell, var. leptostachyum (Meisn.) Small.
Dry barrens about Cumberland Gap, alt. 1,600 ft.

Polygonum sagittatum, L. Slopes of the Iron Mts., along Comer
Creek, alt. 3,000 ft.

Fagopyrum Fagopyrum (L.) Karst. (Fagopyrum esculentum,
Moench). Northern slope of Pine Mt., alt. 3,300 ft. Escaped
by the side of an illicit still.

Rumex Acetosella, L. Hillsides about Marion, alt. 2,300 ft. Sum-
mit of White Top Mt. alt. 5,600 ft. Vicinity of Lynchburg,
AE soot ”

It has been noticed that the above species does not fruit freely
in the Northern and Eastern States. In all the Virginian locali-
ties noted Rumex Acetosella was collected in fruit, and at Marion
and on White Top there was no question as to its fruiting very
abundantly, It has also been collected in fruit on the moun-
tains of North Carolina, and in the Catskill Mts., New York.
Rumex crispus, L. Along Beaver Branch, alt. 2,200 ft. Above

Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft.

Ld

150

Rumex obtusifolius, L. On Staley Knob near Marion, alt. 2,400 ft.

Asarum arifolium, Michx. Woods north of Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft.
Vicinity of Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Asarum Canadense, L. East Fork Walker Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.
Hungry Hollow, alt. 2,300 ft.

ASARUM GRANDIFLORUM (Michx.) Small. (Homotropa macranthum,
Shuttl. mss. in dist. Rugel, 1841. Asarum Virginicum, L., var.
grandiflorum, Michx. ex Duchartre in D.C. Prodr. xv. 426
(1864)).

It seems strange that this conspicuous plant should have been
overlooked for so many years and not received any recognition in
our text-books. It has been practically unnoticed by botanists
since Rugel's collection of 1841.* On specimens of that collec-
tion Shuttleworth based his Æomotropa macranthum. This was
not Rs but distributed as a manuscript name.

When Duchart hed the genus for DeCandolle’s Prod-
romus he m up the name ne -prandi iflorum, apparently from a man-
uscript name left by Michaux, as he credits the variety to him.
However, he has made a mistake in referring to the name as being
published by Michaux in his Fl. Bor. Am. i. 279.

After meeting with the plant during the last two seasons and
studying it in the field, we reach the same conclusion as Shuttle-
worth did, that is, that it is not a variety of A. Virginicum, but a
good and distinct species. As there is no complete description
published, the following is appended.

Perennial, stout, arising from a more or less branched rhizome,
glabrous ; leaves varying from broadly-ovate-cordate to orbicular-
cordate, 5-9 cm. long, 4-8 cm. broad, obtuse or acutish, long-
petioled, mottled or simply green, paler beneath; flowers solitary,
large, 1.5-4 cm. long, tubular-campanulate, limb not contracted
but divided into three large, unequal spreading lobes, which are
mottled with violet on the inside; peduncle 2-2.5 cm. long;
anthers equally four-ribbed, seed oblique-ovoid, acute, 3.5 mm.
long, smooth.

North Carolina; Broad River (Rugel) Hot Springs (New-
berry), Wilson's Creek, Caldwell county (Smail and Heller). Vir-

* Mem. Torr, Club, iii. 11.

151

ginia; Bedford county (Curtiss), along Laurel Creek at Broadford,

Smyth County (Miss Vail).

Asarum Virginicum, L. Deep ravine by the Falls of the Middle
Fork of the Holston River, alt. 2,050 ft. On Staley Knob,
near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.

Aristolochia Serpentaria, L. Southern slope of Pond Mt. east of
Marion, alt 2,600 ft. Near Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Aristolochia Sipho, L'Her. Northeastern slope of White Top Mt.,
alt. 3,500 ft. Although collected at a single locality, Aristo-
lochia Sipho was abundant everywhere. A. tomentosa, Sims,
was sought for throughout the journey but without success.

Sassafras Sassafras (L.) Karst. (Sassafras officinalis, Nees.) Sum-
mit of Pond Mt. east of Marion, alt. 3,400 ft.

Lindera Benzoin (L.) Meisn. Rocky banks of the Middle Fork
Holston River, at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Near Lynchburg, alt.
500 ft. Sandy shore of the South Fork Holston River, alt.
2,200 ft.

Dirca palustris, L. Deep ravine at the Falls of the Holston River,
alt. 2,050 ft.

Pyrularia pudera, Michx. Staley Knob east of Marion, alt. 2,300
ft. Shaded banks of Nick's Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. Slopes of
Pond Mt., east of Marion, alt. 3,000 ft. Cliffs at the mouth of
Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,075 ft. Northeastern slope of
White Top Mt., alt. 3,500 ft.

This interesting species was remarkably plentiful through the
mountains, but it did not seem to fruit freely. A number of the
localities were visited late in the season for the sake of obtaining
fruit, but only one shrub was found bearing the peculiar oily

rupes.

Euphorbia corollata, L. Rocky banks along Peak Creek on Peak
Mt,alt 2,200 ft. Ledges of Slemp's Creek, alt. 2,800 ft.
Shannon Gap, alt. 3,000 ft.

Euphorbia corollata, L., var. paniculata (Ell.) Boiss. Near Lynch-
burg, alt. 500 ft.

Euphorbia hypericifolia, L. Along the road on Peak Mt, alt
2,200 ft.

152

Euphorbia Lathyris, L. Banks of the South Fork Holston River
below Add Wolf, alt. 2,100 ft. Banks of St. Clair's Creek near
the base of the Iron Mts., alt. 2,600 ft.

Euphorbia maculata, L. Along the road across Peak Mt., alt.
2,200 ft.

Acalypha Virginica, L., var, gracilens (A. Gray) Muell. Dry bar-
rens about Cumberland Gap, alt. 1,600 ft.

Ulmus racemosa, Thomas? On the South Fork Holston River,
east of Add Wolf, alt. 2,300 ft.

As the flowers and fruit of this elm could not be secured, cer-
tain determination is impossible; however, if the character of
pubescent buds, which is ascribed to U. racemosa holds good, the
specimens are correctly referred to that species.

Celtis occidentalis, L. Banks of the Middle Fork Holston River
below Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Joxylon pomiferum, Raf. (Maclura aurantiaca, Nutt.) Escaped
near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.

Morus rubra, L. Valley of the North Fork Holston River, alt.
2,000 ft. On the island near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Urtica gracilis, Ait. Below Chilhowie, alt. 2,000 ft.

Laportea Canadensis (L.) Gaudich. Deep woods along Nick:
Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. Slopes of White Top Mt., alt. 4,000 ft.

Behmeria cylindrica (L.) Willd. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Wallace Switch, alt. 1,900 ft. In a large limestone spring.

Platanus occidentalis, L. Limestone bluffs opposite Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. Along Hungry’s Mother Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

Hicoria glabra (Mill.) Britton. Dry western slope of the Pin-
nacle near Cumberland Gap, alt. 3,000 ft.

Hicoria minima (Marsh.) Britton. Limestone bluffs opposite
Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Hicoria ovata (Mill.) Britton. Limestone bluffs of the Middle
Fork Holston River opposite Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.

Hicoria alba (L.) Britton. Limestone bluffs of the Middle Fork
Holston River near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.

|

158

Juglans cinerea, L. Bluffs opposite Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Valley
of the South Fork Holston River, alt. 2,000 ft.

Juglans nigra, L. Along Hog-trough Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Betula lutea, Michx. f. Slopes and summit of White Top Mt. alt,
4,600-5,678 ft. Brushy Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.

There is a remarkably fine growth of this birch on the damp
slopes of White Top. The younger trees all seem to have a
silvery-gray bark, which on the older ones turns to the character-
istic yellow. At an elevation of about 5,000 ft. on the eastern
slope of the mountain a splendid tree was observed and the trunk
measured. For the distance of about twelve feet from the ground
the trunk is quite cylindrical and unbranched. Three feet from
the base it measured twenty-two feet and ten inches in circum-
ference.

Alnus serrulata, Willd. Rocky banks of Peak Creek, on Peak

t., alt. 2,200 ft. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Sandy shores
of the South Fork Holston River east of Add Wolf, alt. 2,300 ft.

The specimens collected at the latter locality are referred to
the above species with some hesitation. The leaves are more
sharply and prominently toothed, and have more pubescence on
the under surface than is generally found in A. serrulata. There
is a specimen of the same form preserved in the Columbia College
herbarium, collected in Kentucky by Short.

Carpinus Virginiana (Marsh.) Sudw. "Woods near Marion, alt.
2,200 ft. Along Chestnut Creek near Gossan,alt. 2,300 ft
Slopes of Walker Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.

Corylus rostrata, Ait. Rocky mountain slopes along Nick’s Creek,
alt. 2,600 ft. Ledges of Farmer Mt., on the New River, alt.

2,300 ft.

Quercus alba, L. Southern slope of White Rock Mt., alt. 4,000 ft.
Common throughout the valleys.

Quercus coccinea, Wang. Dry sandy barrens below Chilhowie,
alt. 2,000 ft. High cliffs of the Iron Mts., at Skull Gap, alt.
3,000 ft.

Quercus cuneata, Wang. North of Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft. Barrens
below Chilhowie, alt. 2,000 ft.

154

Quercus minor (Marsh.) Sarg. Barrens below Chilhowie, alt.
2,000 ft.

Quercus Muhlenbergu, Engelm. Limestone bluffs. of the Holston
River, opposite Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Quercus Prinus, L. Dry western slope of the Pinnacle near Cum-
berland Gap, alt. 2,800 ft.

Quercus rubra, L. Bluffs along Reed Creek, alt. 2,000 ft.
Banks of the Middle Fork Holston River at Chilhowie, alt.
2,000 ft. Near the summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,500 ft.
On the Iron Mts., along Dickey Creek, alt. 2,800 ft.

Quercus tinctoria, Bart. Round Top Mt., west of Seven Mile Ford,
alt. 3,000 ft. Hills about Cumberland Gap, alt. 1,600 ft.
Vicinity of Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Sudw. Ledges of Farmer Mt., on the
New River, alt. 2,200 ft.

Castanea pumila, Mill. Slopes of Walker Mt., alt. 2,000- 3,000 ft.
Base of White Rock Mt., alt. 2,500 ft. Near Abingdon, alt.
1,900 ft. Along Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.
Vicinity of Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Fagus atro-punicea (Marsh.) Sudw. Upper slopes and summit of
White Top Mt, alt. 5,000-5,600 ft. Rocky places near the
Falls of the Holston River, alt. 2,050 ft.

Salix candida, Willd. Summit of White Rock Mt., alt. 4,400 ft.
A remarkable southern extension of the range of this northern

willow.

Salix humilis, Marsh. Peak Mt., along Peak Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Salix nigra, Marsh. River bank at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Salix sericea, Marsh. Banks of White Top Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Populus balsamifera, L. var. candicans (Ait.). A. Gray. Base of
Round Top Mt, west of Seven Mile Ford, alt. 2,600 ft.
Along Hutton's Branch, alt. 2,300 ft.

Udora Canadensis (Michx.) Nutt. (Elodea Canadensis, Michx.)
In a large limestone spring above Wallace Switch, alt. 1,900 ft.

Liparis liliifolia (L.) Rich. Woods along Staley Creek, alt.
2,300 ft.

155

Liparis Leselii (L.) Rich. Damp woods along Beaver Branch,
alt. 2,200 ft.

Aplectrum spicatum (Walt) B. S. P. Deep woods along Nick's
Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.

Corallorhiza multiflora, Nutt. Slopes of Pine Glade Mt., along
Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Listera convallarioides (Sw.) Nutt. Damp woods along Comer
Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. Slopes of Pine Glade Mt., along Nick’s
Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. Slopes of White Top Mt., alt. 5,000 ft.

Gyrostachys latifolia (Torr.) Kuntze. Sandy river bank at Marion,
alt. 2,100 ft. Along Hutton's Branch, alt. 2,500 ft.

Peramium pubescens (Willd.) C. C. Curtiss. (Goodyera pubescens,
Br) Iron Mts. near Skull Gap, alt. 2,800 ft. Woods along
Nick's Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.
Peramium repens (L.) Salisb. (Goodyera repens, R. Br.) Slopes
of Pine Glade Mt., near Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. Brushy
Mt., alt. 3,300 ft.

Pogonia verticillata (Willd.) Nutt. Northeastern slope of White
Top Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Pine Mt., alt. 4,000 ft.

Orchis spectabilis, L. Northern slope of White Top Mt, alt.
4,200 ft. Knobs east of Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.
Habenaria orbiculata (Pursh) Torr. Slopes of White Top Mt.,
alt. 3,500 ft. Western slope of Mt. Rogers, alt. 4,500 ft.
Habenaria bracteata (Willd. ) R. Br. Deep woods at the Falls of
olston River, ‘alt. 2,050 ft. Damp woods along Nick's
Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.
Habenaria psycodes (L.) A. Gray. Northern slope of White Top
t, alt. 3,000-4,800 ft. Western slope of Mt. Rogers, alt.
4,000-5,000 ft.
Habenaria tridentata fae ) Hook. Along Staley Creek, east of
ion, alt. 2,200 fi
Orpripedinm acaule, Ait. Summit of Pine Mt., alt. 4,900 ft. Slopes
of White Top Mt., alt. 4,800 ft. Pond Mt., east of Marion,
"- 3,000 ft. Along Nick's Creek, alt. 2,600.

156

Cypripedium hirsutum, Mill. (Cypripedium pubescens, Willd.) North-
ern slopes of White Top Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Brushy Mt., near
the headwaters of Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,900 ft. Slope of Kate’s
Mt., W. Va., alt. 3,000 ft.

Cypripedium parviflorum, Salisb. Brushy Mt., near headwaters of
Staley Creek, alt. 2,900 ft. Slopes of Pond Mt., east of Marion,
alt. 2,800 ft. Slopes of the Iron Mt., at Skull Gap, alt. 3,000 ft.

Aletris farinosa, L. At Shannon Gap on Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.
Along Slemp’s Creek, alt. 2,800 ft. Southern slope of Round
Top Mt., west of Seven Mile Ford, alt. 3,000 ft.

Iris cristata, Ait. Limestone bluffs of the Middle Fork Holston
River, about Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Shady banks on the
* Knobs” west of the Blue Ridge, alt. 2,300 ft.

Sisyrinchium Bermudiana, L. On Walker Mt. near Chatham Hill
Gap, alt. 3,000 ft. Slopes of Pond Mt., alt. 2,600 ft. Fields
near Bear Creek, alt. 2,400 ft. Valley between White Top
Mt. and the Iron Mts., alt. 2,700 ft. Along Nick’s Creek, alt.
2,500 ft.

Hypoxys erecta, L. Walker Mt. alt. 3,000 ft. Southern slope of
White Rock Mt., alt. 4,000 ft.

Dioscorea villosa, L. Slopes of Walker Mt. below Chatham Hill
Gap, alt. 2,300-2,600 ft.

Smilax rotundifolia, L. River bank at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Smilax rotundifolia, var. crenulata, Small and Heller. Banks of
the Middle Fork of the Holston River, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Smilax glauca, Walt. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Bristol, alt. 1,900 ft. River banks, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Smilax herbacea, L. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt 2,200 ft.

Smilax ecirrhata, S. Watson. Riverside Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Smilax hispida, Muhl. Hills east of Marion, alt. 2,300 ft. Banks
of the Holston, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Bristol, alt. 1,900 ft. `

Smilax Pseudo-China, L. Reed Creek, at base of Lower Rocks
alt: 2,000 ft. Wallace Switch, alt. 1,900 ft.

Smilax.

A slender vine abundant on the slopes of the Iron Mountains,

157

at 3,000—4,000 feet altitude, with very thin, large ovate or ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate 5-nerved leaves, ciliolate-spinulose on the
margins and nerves ` petioles short, clasping ; stem exactly square,
striate, the angles abundantly armed with staight triangular-lan-
ceolate, flat prickles. Flowers and fruit not seen.

Asparagus officinalis, L. Reed Creek, alt. 2,000 ft.

Polygonatum biflorum ( Walt) Ell. Mouth of Hungry’s Mother
Creek and river banks at -Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Nick’s Creek,
alt. 2,400 ft.

Varying from the slender 30-40 cm. high, narrow acute leaved
form to the stout, robust over 2 m. high forma giganteum with
ovate, 13 cm. long and 9 cm. wide, obtuse leaves. The latter
form was noted with stout and large old rootstocks, whereas the
rootstock of the former were short and slender.

Streptopus roseus (Michx.) Pers. Spruce Swamp on White Top
Mt., alt. 5,000 ft.

Unifolium racemosum (L.) Britton. Woods near Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Unifolium stellatum (L.) Greene. Falls of the Middle Fork of the
Holston, alt. 2,050 ft.
The collection of this species at the above locality extends its

seographical range to about the southern limit of the “ manual

range.” Hitherto it has been said to occur from New Jersey

Westward and northward.

Unifolium Canadense (Desf.) Greene. Slopes of White Top Mt.,
alt. 2,600-5,000 ft.

Allium Canadense, L. Marion, river banks, alt. 2,100 ft.

Allium tricoccum, Ait. Slopes of White Top Mt. and Mt. Rogers,
alt. 4,000 ft.

Convallaria majalis, L. Pond Mt., alt. 2,900-3,200 ft. Skull Gap,
Iron Mt. alt. 3,000 ft. Slopes of White Top Mt, alt. 3,000 ft.
Collected at Skull Gap in fruit on June 25th.

Camassia Fraseri, Torr. Meadow near the cliff on Hungry's
Mother Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

Mex. Tonn. Bor. Crus., Vol. 1V., Part 2, Sig. 5, April 2, 1894.

158

Lilium Canadense, L. Lynchburg, along the banks of the James
River; alt 500 ft. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt, alt. 2,200 ft.
White Rock Mt., alt. 4,400 ft.

When first seen these lilies were taken for Z. Grayi, but careful
comparison with well authenticated specimens of that latter species
prove them to be in all probability L. Canadense. The flower has
the shape and appearance of that of Z. Canadense and the dark
red color of Z. Grayi. It may possibly be a mountain variety of
L. Canadense.*

Litium CAROLINIANUM, Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. i. 197. (L. superbum,
L., var. Carolinianum, Chapm. Fl. S. States, 484.)

The above species has had a curious and complicated history,
and until the plant can be studied more thoroughly in the field,
especially in the districts south and east of the Southern Alle-
ghanies, no attempt will be made to give it at length. However,
it may be said here that the later botanists were for some un-
accountable reason misled, and either erroneously made the plant
a variety of L. superbum or ignored it wholly. It is hardly as
closely related to that speciesas L. Canadense is. One reason for its
general obscurity may be the very poor descriptions of it that have
been published; for example, Dr. Watson's in his Revision of the
North American Liliaceæ, “ Low: flowers few (I to 3).” As will
be shown elsewhere, the plant is not at all rare in the Southern
States, but for the convenience of persons interested in the flora
of that district a description is here given, which will also serve to
bring out the distinctions between it and related species.

Perennial, glabrous and more or less glaucous throughout;
stem erect, simple, 3-9 dm. tall, slightly mottled ; leaves oblanceo-
late or obovate, 3-11 cm. long, mostly obtuse, sometimes acute,
rather fleshy, 3-nerved, entire, often slightly crisped, in whorls of
3to 7 or on small plants alternate and scattered; the one to three,
flowers (generally one) nodding, orange-red, the tips of the seg-
ments darker, mottled with dark purple; the divisions of the peri-
anth lanceolate, strongly recurved in the lower half, more or less
straight above, glossy; fruit obovoid, about 3 cm. long.

* It id be well to note here that the specimens collected on the Peaks of Otter
in 1890 (Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, ii. 50) are this same form of Z. Canadense, and
though Z. Gray! is reported from that mountain, we did not find it there. A. M. V.

LI

159

Grows plentifully on the dry and open slopes of the Blue Ridge,
and collected at the following localities: Iron Mountains from
Skull Gap to the source of Dickey Creek, altitude 2,000-3,400
feet. Along Nick's Creek on the slopes of Pine Glade Mountain,
altitude 2,500 feet. Slopes of White Top Mountain, altitude
2,700-5,000 feet. One of the characters which, however, can only
be noticed in the field, is its delightful odor which often leads one
to detect it before one's attention is attracted by its brilliant colors.

Lilium superbum, L. Slopes of White Top Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Lilium Philadelphicum, L. Lyon Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.
Skull Gap, Iron Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Chamelirium luteum (L.) A. Gray. Pond Mt., and Brushy Mt.,
alt. 2,800-3,000 ft.

Erythronium Americanum, Ker. Summit of White Top Mt., alt.
4,500-5,678 ft. Staley Creak near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.

Uvularia perfoliata, L. Falls of the Middle Fork of the Holston,
alt. 2,050 ft. Nick's Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

Uvularia puberula, Michx. Skull Gap, Iron Mrs, alt. 3,000 ft. Pond
Mt, alt. 2,600-3,000 ft. Hills near Marion, alt. 2,500 ft.
Brushy Mt., alt. 3,400. Kate’s Mt., W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft.

Disporum lanuginosum (Michx.) Britton. Walker Creek at the
base of Walker Mt., alt. 2,300 ft. Pond Mt, alt. 3,000 ft.

Clintonia borealis (Ait.) Raf. Summit and slopes of White Top
Mt., alt. 4,800-5,678 ft. Pine Mt. alt. 3,000-4,900 ft.

Clintonia umbellata, Torr. Staley Creek near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.
Walker Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Nick’s Creek at the base of Pine
Glade Mt., alt. 2,500 ft.

Some of the plants collected were noteworthy on account of
the purple spotted and streaked corollas.

Medeola Virginica, L. Nick’s Creek, at the base of Pine Glade
Mt., alt. 2,600 ft.

Trillium erectum, L. Spruce swamps on White Top Mt., alt.
5,000 ft. Staley Creek near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.

In the last named locality the plants collected had creamy white
flowers. The same form was also noticed elsewhere.

160

Trillium erythrocarpum, Michx. Summit White Top Mt. alt.
5,678 ft. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

Melanthium Virginicum, L. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,000 ft.

Veratrum viride, Ait. Pine Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Chrosperma muscætoxicum (Walt) Kuntze. Summit of White
Rock Mt., alt. 4,400 ft

Stenanthium angustifolium, Michx. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt.

= 2,2090- ft

Tradescantia Virginica, L. (T. montana, Shuttl. ined.) Slopes ot
White Rock, alt. 3,800 ft.

Typha latifolia, L. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt. alt. 2,200 ft.

Sparganium eurycarpum, Engelm. The Island, Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Arisema triphyllum (L.) Torr. Pine Mt., alt. 4,600 ft. Nick’s
Creek and Hungry’s Mother Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.
Hutton’s branch, near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.

In the last-named locality the plants grew on a hillside in
dense woods and were over 114 m., growing from nearly 6 cm. in
diameter, stout rootstocks, the purplish flowers nearly 18 cm. long.
Acorus Calamus, L. Sugar Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.
Sagittaria latifolia, Willd. var. pubescens (Muhl.) J. G. Smith. Mc-

Henry’s Creek, base of Walker Mt., alt. 2,300 ft.

Potamogeton foliosus, (P. pauciflorus, Pursh.) Island Swamp,
Marion, alt. 2,100 fi

Juncus acuminatus, Michx. Sandy places along the New River
at the mouth of Brush Creek, alt. 2,100 ft.

Juncus Canadensis, J.Gay. Swamps on the Iron Mts., alt. 3,000
ft. Banks of Dickey Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.

Juncus effusus, L. Sandy banks of the New River at the mouth
of Brush Creek, alt. 2,100 ft. Island near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Juncus marginatus, Rostk. Shores of the island at Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. Sandy shores of the New River near Brush Creek,
alt. 2,100 ft.

Juncus tenuis, Willd. Wet places at the mouth of Brush Creek,
alt. 2,100 ft. Along Hutton's Branch, alt. 2,500 ft.

161

Juncus tenuis, Willd. var. secundus (Poir) Engelm. Sandy hill-
sides along the New River, alt. 2,150 ft.

Juncoides campestre (L.) Kuntze. (Luzula campestris DC.) Sum-
mit of Pond Mt., east of Marion, alt. 3,400 ft. Summit of
White Top Mt. alt. 5,678 ft. Banks of Comer Creek near
summit of Iron Mts., alt. 3,000 ft. ;

Juncoides pilosum (L.) Kuntze. (Luzula pilosa, Willd.) Staley's

Knob, near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft. Eastern slope of White Top
Mt., alt. 5,000 ft. Southern slope of White Rock Mt., alt.
4,000 ft. Iron Mts, near the source of Comer Creek, alt.
3,000 ft.

Cyperus filiculmis, Vahl. Sandy shore of the New River, alt. 2,100
ft. Near Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Eleocharis ovata (Roth.) R. Br. Near the mouth of Brush Creek,
alt. 2,100 ft.

Eleocharis palustris (L.) R. Br., var. glaucescens (Willd.) A. Gray.
Banks of Staley Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Eleocharis tenuis (Willd.) Schult. Wet places along East Fork
Walker Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

Scirpus atrovireus, Muhl. Swamp on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft. Re-
corded in the “ Revised Manual” as growing only as far south
as New England. The plant, however, is very common as far
south as Maryland, and abundant in the above locality.

Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth. Swamps on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Scirpus lacustris, L. Island near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. About a
limestone spring below Saltville, alt. 2,200 ft.

Scirpus lineatus, Michx. Above Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft. Meadow
along Sugar Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

Scirpus polyphyllus, Vahl. Near the South Fork Holston River
below Add Wolf, alt. 2,200 ft. Along Peak Creek, on Peak
Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Scirpus sylvaticus, L. Swamp near the mouth of Brush Creek, alt.
2,100 ft. Near the South Fork Holston River below Add
Wolf, alt. 2,200 ft.

Kynchospora glomerata (L.) Vahl. Wet places along Dickey
Creek, alt. 2,900 ft.

162

Scleria triglomerata, Michx. Dry sandy slope of the Pinnacle near
Cumberland Gap, alt. 3,000 ft.

Carex æstivalis, M. A. Curtis. Western slope of Mt. Rogers, alt.
4,700 ft. Summit of White Rock Mt., alt. 4,400 ft.

Carex canescens var. brunnescens (Pers.) B. S. P. Rocks on the
summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft. Summit of Pine Mt.,
alt. 4,900 ft.

Carex Careyana, Torr.? Woods along Beaver Branch, alt. 2,200 ft.

Carex cephalophora, Muhl. Northern slope of Brushy Mt., alt.
3,000 ft. On Walker Mt., near Chatham Hill Gap, alt. 3,000
ft. Southern slope of White Rock Mt., alt. 4,000 ft.

Carex communis, Bailey. Along Hungry's Mother Creek, alt.
2,100 ft. Rocks near the Falls of the Holston River, alt. 2,050
ft. Mountains east of Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft. Cliffs along
Dickey Creek, alt. 2,700 ft. Slopes and summit of Pine Mt.,
alt. 3,000—4,900 ft. Woods along Nick's Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.
Rocks near the summit of White Top Mt. alt. 5,500 ft.
Slopes and summit of Mt. Rogers, alt. 4,000—5,719 ft.

Carex crinita, Lam. Southern slope of Pond Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.
Along Hutton's Branch, alt. 2,300 ft.

Carex cristata, Schw. Along Bear Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Near
Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Carex debilis, Michx. Pond Mt. east of Marion, alt. 3,000 ft.
Western slope of Mt. Rogers, alt. 5,000 ft. Summit of White
Rock Mt., alt. 4,400 ft.

Carex digitalis, Willd. Staley Knob east of Marion, alt. 2,400 ft.
Gorge in Little Brushy Mt., near Broad Ford, alt. 2,200 ft.
Limestone bluffs of the Middle Fork Holston River at Marion,
alt 2,100 ft. Walker Mt. at Chatham Hill Gap, alt. 3,000 ft.

Carex echinata, Murray. Slopes of Brushy Mt., alt. 2,600 ft.

Carex folliculata. L. Swamp on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.

Carex Fraseri, Andrews. Slopes of Pine Glade Mt., along Nick's
Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. Banks of Beaver Branch, alt. 2,100 ft.
Iron Mt., near the source of Comer Creek, alt. 3,000 ft.

168

Carex gracillima Schw. Chatham Hill Gap on Walker Mt., alt.
3,000 ft.

Carex granularis, Muhl. River banks at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Meadows along Hutton's Branch, alt. 2,400 ft.

Carex grisea, Wahl. Sandy banks of the Middle Fork Holston
River near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Hillside near Mollie’s Knob,
alt. 2,300 ft. Below the Falls of the Holston River, alt.
2,050 ft.

Carex Hitchcockiana, Dewey. Hillside near the base of Mollie's
Knob, alt. 2,300 ft.

Carex intumescens, Rudge. Swamps on Peak Mt, along Peak
Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Carex laxiculmis, Schwein. Summit of White Top Mt., alt.
5,678 ft.

Carex laxiflora, Lam. Southern slope of White Rock Mt. alt.
4,000 ft. Along the East Fork Walker Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.
Banks of Nick's Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. Summit of Mt Rogers,
alt. 5,719 ft. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. 7

Carex laxiflora, Lam., var. plantaginea (Schk.) Boott. East Fork
Walker Creek, alt. 2, 300 ft. Near the base of Mollie's Knob,
alt. 2,200 ft. Along Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.

Carex laxiflora, Lam., var. latifolia, Boott. Cliff of Farmer Mt.,
along the New River, alt. 2, 300 ft. Ledges along Bear Creek,
alt. 2,300 ft. Banks of the Middle Fork Holston River, below
Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Along Staley Creek, near Marion, alt.
2,200 ft.

Carex lupulina, Muhl. Swamps about the island near Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Carex lurida, Wahl. Along Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200
ft. Swamp on Walker Mt., about Chatham Hill Gap, alt.
3,000 ft. Island near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Woods about the
Falls of the Holston River, alt. 2,050 ft.

Carex Pennsylvanica, Lam. Limestone bluffs of the Middle Fork
Holston River, near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Cliffs above the
East Fork Walker Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Banks of Hungry’s
Mother Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

164

Carex plantaginea, Lam. Rocks near the Falls of the Holston
River, alt. 2,050 ft.

Carex polytrichoides, Muhl. Along Staley Creek, near Marion, alt.
2,200 ft. -

Carex prasina, Wahl. Bed of Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. Along
a stream by the base of Mollie's Knob, alt. 2,400 ft.

Carex rosea, Schk. Woods in Hungry Hollow, alt. 2,300 ft.
Hillsides along Bear Creek, alt. 2,400 ft. Along Nick's Creek,
alt. 2,500 ft.

Carex rosea, Schk., var. radiata, Dewey. On Walker Mt., near
Chatham Hill Gap, alt. 3,000 ft. Summit of Pine Mt, alt.
4,900 ft. Western slope of Mt. Rogers, alt. 5,000 ft. Along
Beaver Branch, alt. 2,200 ft. Southern slope of White Rock
Mt., alt. 4000 ft. McGrady's Greek, near the base of White
Rock Mt., alt. 2,500 ft.

Carex scabrata, Schw. In a stream in the valley between White
Top Mt. and the Iron Mts., alt. 2,800 ft. Bed of Nick's Creek,
alt. 2,600 ft.

Carex scoparia, Schk. Woods along Beaver Branch, alt. 2,100 ft.
On the island near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Cliffs of Farmer Mt.,
along the New River, alt. 2,200 ft.

Carex sparganioides, Muhl. River bank opposite Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Carex stenolepis, Torr. Shore of the island near Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Carex s'ipata, Muhl. Northern slope of White Top Mt., alt.
4,600 ft,

Carex torta, Boott. Banks of Dickey Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Carex tribuloides, Wahl. Along Hungry's Mother Creek, alt.
2,200 ft.
Carex triceps, Michx. Banks of Bear Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. Slopes
of Round Top Mt., west of Seven Mile Ford, alt. 2,600 ft.
Walker Mt., near Chatham Hill Gap, alt. 3,000 ft. About

Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

165

Carex vulpinoidea, Michx. Slopes of Round Top Mt. west of
Seven Mile Ford, alt. 2,500 ft. Island near Marion, alt.
2,100 ft.

Carex viresceus, Muhl. Cliffs along Dickey Creek, alt. 2,800 ft.
Ledges of Farmer Mt., along the New River, alt. 2,300 ft.
Paspalum setaceum, Michx. New River at the mouth of Brush

Creek, alt., 2,200 ft.

Panicum ciliatum, EM. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Panicum clandestinum, L. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft.
Panicum commutatum, Schultes. Dickey Creek, Iron Mt. alt.
2,600 ft. Falls of the Holston below Marion, alt. 2,050 ft.

Panicum Crus-galli, L. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Panicum depauperatum, Muhl. Base of Walker Mt., alt. 2,400 ft.
Slopes and summit of Pond Mt., alt. 2,500-3,000 ft. In gorge
near Broadford, alt. 3,000 ft.

Panicum dichotomum, L. Pinnacle, alt. 3,000 ft.

Panicum laxiflorum, Lam. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., alt.
3,000 ft. New River at mouth of Brush Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.
Middle Fork of the Holston at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Hitherto
not known north of North Carolina.

Panicum microcarpon, Muhl. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt, alt.
2,200 ft.

Panicum nitidum, Lam.? Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt, alt.
3,000 ft. Middle Fork Holston River, alt. 2,100 ft. Rye Val-
ley, alt. 2,500 ft. Bear Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. :

Panicum ovale, Ell. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Panicum pubescens, Lam., var. barbulatum (Michx.) Britt. Chat-
ham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Beaver Branch, alt.
2,500 ft.

Panicum ramulosum, Michx. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

Panicum Walteri, Poir. Marion Bluff, alt. 2,100 ft. Chatham
Hill Gap road, at the base of Walker Mt., alt. 2,400 ft. Shan-
non Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 2,800 ft. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,700
ft. Nick's Creek, base of Pine Glade Mt., alt. 2,500 ft. Rye
Valley, alt. 2,500 ft. New River, at mouth of Brush Creek,

166

alt. 2,200 ft. Beaver Creek, alt. 2,200 ft., var. molle (Vasey)
Porter. Banks of the Middle Fork of the Holston, at Marion,
alt. 2,100 ft.

Chameraphis glauca (L.) Kuntze. (Setaria glauca, Beauv.) River
banks, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Chameraphis viridis (L.) Porter. (Setaria viridis, Beauv.) Along
New River, at the mouth of Brush Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Phalaris Canariensis, L. The Island, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Brachyelytrum aristosum (Michx.) B. S. P. Nick’s Creek, alt.
2,600 ft. Mouth of Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,075 ft.

Phleum pratense, L. Marion fields, alt. 2,100 ft.

Agrostis alba, L. Peak Creek, Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft. Reed
Creek, at base of Lower Rocks, alt. 2,000 ft.

Agrostis perennans, Turckerm. Skull Gap, Iron Mts., alt, 3,000 ft.

Trisetum Pennsylvanicum (L.) B. S. P. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker
Mt, alt. 3,000 ft. Brushy ME, alt. 3,400.

Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) M. & K. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Danthonia compressa, Austin. Fields near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.
Base of Walker Mt, on Chatham Hill Gap road, alt. 2,400 ft.

Eatonia Dudleyi, Vasey. Hills and woods near Marion, alt. 2,100
ft. Brushy Mt., alt. 3,400 ft. Pond Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Moun-
tains about Buchanan, alt. 1,300 ft.

Poa compressa, L. Woods and river banks near Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. West slope of Mt. Roger, alt. 2,800-5,500 ft.

Poa debilis, Torr. Slopes and summit of Pond Mt., alt. 2,500-
3.000 ft. Northeast slope White Top Mt., alt. 4,000-5,000 ft.
Staley Creek and woods near Marion, alt. 2,100-2,300 ft.

It was somewhat of a surprise to find this grass so far south,
Northern Pennsylvania being its southern limit formerly.

Pea sylvestris, A. Gray. Walker Mt., on the Chatham Hill Gap road,
alt. 2,400 ft. Along road near Mollie's Knob, alt. 2,300 ft.
Panicularia elongata (Torr.) Kuntze. (Glyceria elongata, Trin.)
Nick's Creek, at the base of Pine Glade Mt., alt. 2,500 ft.

Hog-trough Creek, base of Iron Mts , alt. 2,600 ft.

167

Panicularia nervata (Willd.) Kuntze. (Glyceria nervata, Trin.)
Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 2,800 ft: River banks,
Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Festuca elatior, L. Falls of the Holston (Middle Fork), alt. 2,050 ft.

Festuca nutans, Spreng. Staley Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.
Marion Bluffs, alt. 2,100 ft. Slopes of Pond Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Festuca octoflora, Walt. (Festuca tenella, Willd.) Pinnacle, alt.
3,500 ft.

Bromus ciliatus, L. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Falls of the
Holston River, alt. 2,050 ft.

Bromus secalinus, L. Cumberland Gap, alt. 1,500 ft.

Elymus Canadensis, L. River banks, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Hystrix Hystrix (L.) Millsp. (Asprella Hystrix, Willd.) River
banks, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Thuja occidentalis, L. At the mouth and upper waters of Hun-
gry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,075-2,300 ft. Falls of the Holston
River, alt. 2,500 ft. Along Reed Creek near Wytheville, alt.
2,000 ft.

Plentiful along the creeks in the valley of the Middle Fork of
the Holston River, especially where the banks are rocky and
cañon-like. Some large trees were noticed both at the Falls of
the Holston and along Reed Creek. Measurements of the largest
trees were taken which showed trunks at each locality of about
fifteen feet in circumference.

Juniperus Virginiana, L. Banks of Reed Creek near Wytheville,
alt. 2,000 ft. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Taxus minor (Michx. ) Britton. (Zaxus Canadensis, Willa. ) Along
Hungry's Mother Creek, near the mouth, alt. 2,075 ft. Banks
of the Middle Fork Holston River below the Falls, alt. 2,050 ft.
Hitherto the yew was known to occur only as far south as
Central Pennsylvania.

Pinus Virginiana, Mill. Along Peak Creek, on Peak Mt, alt.
2,200 ft. Slopes of Kate's Mt., W. Va., alt. 3,300 ft. Western
slope of the Pinnacle, near Cumberland Gap, alt. 3,300 ft. Iron
Mts., alt. 3,000 ft. Near Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.

168

Pinus pungens, Michx. f. On Walker Mt., at Chatham Hill Gap,
alt. 3,000 ft. On Round Top Mt., west of Seven Mile Ford,
alt. 3,000 ft.

Apparently confined to the Alleghanies in the region explored.

Pinus rigida, Mill. On Peak Mt., alt. 2,200 ft. Slopes of Round
Top Mt., west of Seven Mile Ford, alt. 2,600 ft.

Pinus Strobus, L. Mountains about Comer Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Picea rubra (Lamb.) Link. Slopes and summit of White Top Mt,
alt. 4,800-5,678 ft. Mt. Rogers, alt. 4,900-5,719 ft. Pine M.,
alt. 4,900 ft.

Picea Mariana (Mill. B. S. P. White Top Mt., alt. 5,000-5,678
ft. Pine Mt,, alt. 4,900 ft. Mt. Rogers, alt. 5,719 ft.

Abies Fraseri, Lindl. The Southern fir had not as yet been col-
lected north of the southern boundary of Virginia. To find
the species within limits of the Northern States was one of our
objects. After failing to secure it on any of the higher moun-
tains explored, Mt. Rogers, the highest peak in Virginia, was
resorted to. It was found to grow extensively on the upper
parts of the mountain, extending from an elevation of about
5,000 feet to the summit, 5,719 feet above the level of the sea.
The growth was very fine and many large trees were observed.
The mountain being wooded to the top, the soil and rocks are
the damp most of the time, and the forest is less exposed to
violent storms and winds than the more open peaks of North
Carolina

Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr. Iron Mts. about Comer Creek, alt.
3,000 ft. Along Peak Creek, on Peak Mt,, alt. 2,200 ft.

Tsuga Caroliniana, Engelm. In a deep gorge in Little Brushy
Mt., near Broad Ford, alt. 2,100 ft. Slopes of Farmer Mt., on
the New River, alt. 2,200 ft.

The discovery of this very interesting hemlock at the two
stations recorded brings it well into the limits of the Northern
flora. Heretofore its northern limit was Blowing Rock Mountain,
North Carolina.*

Lomme

* Mem. Torr, Bot. Club, iii. 14.

169

Selaginella apus (L.) Spring. Bristol, alt. 1,900 ft. East bank of
the Holston River, alt. 2,200 ft.

Lycopodium complanatum, L. Along South Fork of the Holston
near Comer's Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Lycopodium obscurum, L. Dickey Creek, Iron Mts., alt. 3,000 ft.

Lycopodium lucidulum, Michx. Summit White Top Mt., alt. 5,678
ft. Peak Creek, Peak Mt:,alt. 2,200 ft. Nick’s Creek, at base
of Pine Glade Mt., alt. 2,500 ft.
One small plant had the fruiting branches erect and crowded

as in L. Selago.

Equisetum arvense, L. Banks of the Middle Fork of the Holston,
alt. 2,100 ft.

Equisetum hyemale. L. Ravine of the Middle Fork of the Hol-
ston, alt. 2,000 ft. Reed Creek, at base of Lower Rocks, alt.
2,000 ft.

Botrychium Virginianum (L.) Sw. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.
Var. gracile (Pursh.) Eaton. Base of Walker Mt., on Chatham
Hill road, alt. 2,500 ft.

Polypodium polypodioides (L.) A. S. Hitchcock. Banks of the
Middle Fork of the Holston at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. On
rocks!

Growing on ledges in much the same way as it does in the
valleys of North Carolina. We have not observed P. incanum on
trees in the mountains, and in fact, after careful inquiry, can learn
of no such instances, while it is not at all a rare sight to see P.
vulgare growing on trees, especially on the higher peaks.* How-
ever in the warmer district P. incanum prefers to grow on trees
and often completely clothes large trunks.

Polypodium vulgare, L. Summit White Top Mt, alt. 5,678 t
Slopes of Pine Mt., alt. 4,000 ft.

Adiantum pedatum, L. Mouth of Hungry's Mother Creek, alt.
2,000 ft.

Pteris aquilina, L. Woods near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

* Mem. Torr. Club, iii., 18.

170

Pellæa atropurpurea (L.) Link. Banks of the Holston at Marion,
i alt. 2,100 ft. Shannon Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 2,800 ft. Reed
Creek, alt. 2,000 ft. Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft.

Asplenium acrostichoides, Sw. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Slopes
of White Top Mt., alt. 5,000 ft.

Asplenium Filix-femina (L.) Bernh. Slopes of White Top Mt.
alt. 5,000 ft.

Asplenium montanum, Willd. Peak Creek, on Peak Mt. alt.
2,200 ft. Nick's Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. White Rock Mt,, alt.
4,400 ft. Dickey Creek, Iron Mts., alt. 2,800 ft. The fronds
from the last-named locality were in some cases 18 cm. long.

Asplenium parvulum, Mart. & Galeotti. River bank, Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. Laurel Creek, near Broadford, alt. 2,200 ft. Reed
Creek, alt. 2,000 ft. Buchanan, alt. 1,100 ft.

Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Oakes. River Bluffs, Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. Rye Valley, alt. 2,400 ft. Chatham Hill Gap, alt.
3,000 ft.

Asplenium Ruta-muraria, L. River bank, Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Reed Creek, alt. 2,000 ft.

Asplenium Trichomanes, L. Staley Creek, Marion, alt. 2,300 ft.
Along New River, at mouth of Brush Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.
Fronds 25 cm. long at the last-named locality.

Camptosorus rhizophyllus (L.) Link. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.
Banks of the Middle Fork of the Holston, alt. 2,100 ft. Mouth
of Hungry’s Mother Creek, alt. 2,075 ft. Round Top Mt,
west of Seven Mile Ford, alt. 3,300 ft. Reed Creek, at base
of Lower Rocks, alt. 2,000 ft. Fronds 25-35 cm. long.

Phegopteris hexagonoptera (Michx.) Fee. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft.
Beaver Creek, base of Walker Mt., alt. 2,400 ft.

Dryopteris acrostichoides (Michx.) Kuntze. Hills near Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,100 ft.

Var. Schweinitzü (Beck.) Falls of the Middle Fork of the Hol-
ston River, alt. 2,050 ft.

Dryopteris Goldieana (Hook.) A. Gray. White Top Mt. alt.
4,700 ft.

mt — — -—-

171

Dryopteris marginalis (L. A. Gray. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,400 ft.
Slopes of White Top Mt. alt. 4,500 ft. Hungry's Mother
Creek, Marion, alt. 2,200 ft. Reed Creek, at base of Lower
Rocks, alt. 2,000 ft.

Dryopteris Noveboracensis (L.) A. Gray. Nick’s Creek, alt: 2,500
ft. White Top, alt. 4,500 ft.

Dryopteris spinulosa (Retz.) Kuntze. Slopes of White Top, alt.
4,500 ft.

Dryopteris spinulosa dilatata (Hook.) Kuntze. Nick’s Creek, alt.
2,400 ft. Mt. Rogers, alt. 6,719 ft. Summit White Top Mt.,
alt. 5,678 ft.

The fronds from the last-named locality were over I m. 30 cm.
high.

Dryopteris spinulosa intermedia (Muhl.) Underwood. Slopes of
White Top Mt., alt. 5,000 ft. Pine Mt., alt. 4,900 ft. West
slope of Mt. Rogers, alt. 4,800-5,500 ft.

Cystopteris bulbifera (L.) Bernh. Banks of the Middle Fork of the

olston, alt. 2,100 ft.

Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. Pond Mt, alt. 3,000 ft. Walker
Mt., Shannon Gap, alt. 3,000 ft.

Onoclea sensibilis, L. Banks of the Middle Fork of the Holston,
alt. 2,100 feet.

Woodsia obtusa (Spreng.) Torr. Lynchburg, alt. 500 ft. Near
Broadford, on the North Fork of the Holston, alt. 2,200 ft.
Dicksonia punctilobula (Michx.) A. Gray. Below the summit of
White Top Mt., alt. 5,500 ft., in open pastures. Along White

Top Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. ;

Osmunda cinnamomea, L. Nickie Creek, alt. 2,400 ft. White
Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft. Iron Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Osmunda Claytoniana, L. Slopes of White Top Mt., alt. 5,000 ft.
Pond Mt. alt. 2,400 ft. Staley Knob, near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft.

Osmunda regalis, 1. Brushy Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

172

BRYOPHYTA.
MUSCI.
NAMED BY ELIZABETH G. BRITTON.

Sphagnum cymbifolium, Ehrh. Brushy Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.

Sphagnum imbricatum (Hornch.) Russ. var. affine, R. & C. Dickey
Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.

Sphagnum quinquefarium (Braithw.) Warnst. Summit of White
Top, alt. 5,678 ft. On vertical face of cliffs.

Andreea petrophila, Ehrh. Summit of White Top Mt. On rocks,
alt. 5,678 ft.

Andreea Rothi, Web. & Mohr. (A. rupestris Turn). Summit
of White Rock Mt. On white sandstone, alt. 4,400 ft. Dickey
Creek. On perpendicular cliffs, alt. 2,800 ft. ,

Polytrichum commune, L. On summit of White Top Mt. In wet

- ground, alt. 5,678 ft. Also on the borders of fir woods.

Polytrichum juniperinum, Willd. Comer Creek and Staley's Creek,
alt. 2.200—2,500 ft.

Polytrichum Ohioense, Ren. & Card. Along Nick’s Creek. In
sandy soil, alt. 2,600 ft. On Round Top Mt. In sand, alt.
3,000 ft. Summit of White Top Mt. On ground and rocks,
alt. 5,678 ft. Upper slopes of Mt. Rogers. On ground, alt.
5,000—5,719 ft.

Polytrichum gracile, Dicks. Ledges on cliffs of Dickey Creek, alt.
3,000 ft.

Pogonatum tenue (Menz.) E.G. Britton. (P. drevicaule, Beauv.)
Banks of Nick’s Creek. On clay. alt. 2,500 ft. Roadside,
Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. Green Cove Springs, alt. 3,000 ft.

Catharinea angustata, Brid. North of Bristol. On ground, alt.
1,800 ft. Pond Mt. along Staley Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Catharinea undulata (L.) W. & M. Banks of Holston River at
Marion. On ground, alt. 2,100 ft. Bed of Nick’s Creek. In mud,
alt. 2,500 ft. Wet rocks, summit of White Top, alt. 5,678 ft.

Georgia pellucida (L.) Rab. Along Bear Creek. On stumps, alt.
2,200 ft. (Long capsules). Summit of White Top Mt. On
rotten wood, alt. 5,678 ft.

o m

173

Webera sessilis (Schmid.) Lindb. (Diphyscium foliosum, Mohr.)
Slopes of Pond Mt., east of Marion. On sandy ground, along
dry roadsides, alt. 2,800 ft. Also in wet holes, banks of rivu-
let, covering the clay banks, fine specimens, alt. 3,000 ft.
Banks of Nick’s Creek. On wet, perpendicular rock, alt. 2,500
ft. Wet banks of Comer Creek, Brushy Mt., alt. 2,600 ft. In
wet hole, Dickey Creek, alt. 3,000 ft.

The plants growing in wet shaded localities were much more
leafy, less fertile and fruit larger than those growing in dry loca-
tions.

Fissidens adiantoides (L.) Hedw. South Fork of Holston River,
near mouth of Hog-trough Creek. On roots, alt. 2,200 ft.
Fall of Holston River. On sand, alt. 2,050 ft.

Fissidens decipiens, De Not. Falls of Holston River. On lime-
Stone cliffs, alt. 2,050 ft. On old logs in Spruce Swamp, on
White Top, alt. 4,800 ft. On the ground, Comer Creek,
Brushy Mt., alt. 2,600 ft. Pine Mt., alt. 3,500 ft.

Fissidens subbasilaris, Hedw. Eastern slope of White Top Mt. On
rotten bark, alt. 5,000 ft. On Chatham Hill road, near base of
Mollie's Knob. On dead wood, alt. 2,200 ft. On logs in
woods, South Fork of the Holston River. Hungry's Mother
Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Fissidens grandifrons, Brid. At Falls of Holston River. On lime-
stone rocks, alt. 2,050 ft.

Astrophyllum cuspidatum (L.) Lindb. (Mnium affine, Bland.)
Bed of Nick's Creek, on mud, alt. 2,600 ft. In valley between
White Top and the Iron Mts., on ground, alt. 2,600 ft.
Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., on wet sand, alt. 3,300 ft.
Eastern slope of White Top Mt., on ground, alt. 5,000 ft.
Falls of Holston River, on sand, alt. 2,050 ft. Slopes of Pine
Mt., near Troutdale, alt. 3,000-4,000 ft.

Astrophyllum sylvaticum, Lindb. (Mnium cuspidatum, Hedw.)

. Along Hungry's Mother Creek, on ground, alt. 2,200 ft. Banks
of the Holston at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Astrophyllum punctatum (L.) Lindb. In bed of stream near sum-
mit of White Top, alt. 5,600 ft. Large and sterile. On

MEM. Torr. Bor. Crus, Vol. IV., Part 2, Sig. 6, April 16, 1894.

174

eastern slope of White Top Mt., in mud, alt. 3,500 ft. In
crevices of mountain rocks near summit, alt. 5,670 ft. Small,
sterile. In bed of Nick's Creek, on mud, alt: 2,500 ft. Large
and sterile. Western slope of Chestnut Ridge, in mud, alt.
3,000 ft. Bear Creek, on mountain rocks, alt. 2,300 ft.

Astrophyllum hornum (L.) Lindb. Along Dickey Creek, in wet
sand, alt. 2,800 ft. Fruiting. Comer Creek, alt. 3,000 ft.
Fruiting. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. On limestone rocks.
Sterile.

Astrophyllum rostratum, Schrad. Banks of Hungry’s Mother Creek,
in wet springy places, alt. 2,200 ft. Summit of White Top Mt.,
on rocks, alt. 5,678 ft. Wet banks near the Falls of the Hol-
ston, alt. 2,050 ft.

Spherocephalus heterostichus (Brid.) E. G. Britton. Along Hungry's
Mother Creek, on old log, alt. 2,200 ft. On Staley Knob,
east of Marion, on wood, alt. 2,300 ft. At Falls of Holston
River, on sand, alt. 2,050 ft. East Fork of Walker Creek, on
damp, perpendicular cliff, alt. 2,200 ft.

Spherocephalus palustris (L.) Lindb. On slopes of Brushy Mt.
In bog, alt. 2,600 ft. Sterile.

Var. pelycephalum (Br. & Sch.). Bear Creek, Bear Branch, alt.
2,200 ft. Sterile.

Bartramia pomiformis (L. Hedw. Kate's Mt, W. Va. On
ground, alt. 3,300 ft. Along Hungry's Mother Creek. On
rocks, alt. 2,200 ft. Banks of Nick's Creek. On sandstone
rocks, alt. 2,600 ft. On East Fork of Walker Creek. On
perpendicular rocks, alt. 2,200 ft. In Hungry Hollow. At
base of trees, alt. 2,200 ft. Summit of White Top, alt. 5,678
ft. On wet rocks, on the East side.

Philonotis fontana (L.) Brid. Eastern slopes of Walker Mt. At
Chatham Hill Gap. On sandstone rocks, alt. 3,200 ft. In
Staley's Creek, East of Marion. On old log, alt. 2,200 ft.
Banks of Holston River, at Marion. On ground, alt. 2,100 ft.
Along Bear Creek. On ground, alt. 2,300 ft.

Pohlia nutans (Schreb.) Lindb. (Bryum nutans, Schreb.) Summit
of White Rock Mt. On white sandstone, alt, 4,400 ft.

|

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i

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175

Pohlia elongata, Hedw. Summit of White Top. On wet rocks
and banks, alt. 5,678 ft.

Pohlia albicans (Wahl. Lindb. (Bryum albicans Wahl.) Along
a small branch of Hungry's Mother Creek, three miles north
of Marion. On clay and sand, alt. 2,200 ft.

Bryum intermedium, Brid. Nick's Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Bryum ventricosum, Dicks. At the Falls of the Holston River.
On limestone rocks, alt. 2,050 ft. Slopes of Pine Mt. On wet
ground, alt. 4,000 ft. Summitof White Top Mt. On ground,
alt. 5,678 ft. Bear Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Hutton's Branch, on
wet logs, alt. 2,300 ft.

Bryum atropurpureum, Wahl. Summit of White Top Mt. On
ground, alt. 5,678 ft. East Fork Walker Creek. On ground,
alt. 2,200 ft. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. Burnt patches in
fields, Bear Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Bryum bimum, Schreb. Along Hutton's Creek. On wet ground,
alt. 2,250 ft. Staley's Creek, near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft. East
bank of the Holston, near Marion. On wet rocks, alt. 2,100 ft.

Bryum cæspiticium, L. Banks of Nick's Creek. On rotten wood,
alt. 2,600 ft. On burnt logs, Fox Creek Valley. Slopes of
Iron Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Bryum capillare, L. On ledges, Walker Mt., Shannon Gap, alt.
4,000 ft. Sterile. Cliffs of White Rock, alt. 4,400 ft. Sterile.

Bryum argenteum, L. At Marion. On rotten roof, alt. 2,100 ft.
Summit of White Top Mt. On ground, alt. 5,678 ft. Wet
ledges, White Rock, alt. 4,400 ft. Nicks Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.

Bryum Prohferum (L.) Sibth. Summit of White Top Mt. On

_ stumps, alt. 5,678 ft. Eastern slope of White Top Mt. On
old stump, alt. 4,800 ft. Green Cove. On old stumps, alt.
3,000 ft. Pine Mt. near Troutdale, alt. 3,500 ft. East bank of
the Holston, near the falls, alt. 2,050 ft. Wet rocks, Walker
Mt., Shannon Gap, alt. 2,800 ft.

Funaria hygrometrica (L.) Sibth. Along Holston River, Marion,
On ground, alt. 2,100 ft. Banks of Nick’s Creek. On wet
Sround, alt. 2,500 ft. On Bear Creek. In wet clay, alt. 2,250
ft. Banks of Peak Creek, on Peak Mt. On ground, alt. 2,200
ft. Staley's Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

176

Physcomitrium turbinatum, Michx. (Physcomitrium pyriforme of
& J. Man.) Staley's Creek and Pond Mt, alt. 2,200 ft.

Barbula humilis, Hedw. (B. cespitosa, Schwegr.) Along Nick's
Creek. On rotten wood, alt. 2,400 ft. Hungry Hollow. On
old wood, alt. 2,200 ft. Along Holston River, at Marion.
On rocks, alt. 2,100 ft. Staley's Knob. On ground, alt. 2,500
ft. Eastern slope of Walker Mt. On ground, alt. 3,000 ft.

Barbula reflexa, Brid. (B. recurvifolia, Sch.) Along Holston
River, at Marion. In spring, alt. 2,075 ft. On limestone
rocks, forming dense brown cushions. Sterile. Bear Creek,
alt. 2,300 ft. |

Tortella cespitosa(Schwaegr.) Limpr. (Barbula cespitosa, Schwægr.)
Summit of Walker Mt., alt. 2,000 ft. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,300
ft. Roadsides at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Encalypta streptocarpa, Hedw. Bear Creek. On limestone rocks,
alt. 2,250 ft. Dickey Creek. On rocks with Fabronia octoble-
haris, alt. 2,600 ft.

Mollia viridula (L.) Lindb. Along Holston River, Marion. On

stones, alt. 2,100 ft. Banks of Nick's Creek. On rocks, alt.
2,600 ft.

Mollia tenuirostris (Hook. & Taylor) Lindb. (Didymodon cylindricus,
Br. & Sch.) In crevices of wet rocks. Sterile. Summit of
White Top, alt. 5,678 ft.

Gymnostomum rupestre, Schwægr. Along Hutton's Branch. On
damp rock, alt. 2,200 ft. Forming calcareous tufa. Falls of
the Holston River, alt. 2,050 ft. Associated with Fissidens
grandifrons.

Leucobryum glaucum (L.) Br. & Sch. Along Staley's Creek, near
Marion. On ground, alt. 2,200 ft. Sterile.

Leucobryum albidum (Brid.) Lindb. Along Dickey Creek. In
damp sand, alt. 3,000 ft. c. fr.» Banks of Nick’s Creek. On
ground, alt. 2,500 ft. c. fr.

Dicranum scoparium (L) Hedw. Summit of White Top Mt., on
trees, alt. 5,678 ft. Also on wet rocks mixed with Zoly-
trichum Ohioense. Banks of Nick's Creek, on ground, alt. 2,500
ft Along Staley's Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. On logs in dense
woods, Pine Mt., alt. 4,000 ft.

d

177

Dicranum scoparium (L.) Hedw. var. rupestre, Sull. & Lesq. Sum-
mit of Pond Mt. On rocks, mixed with D. spurium, alt.
3,400 ft.

Dicranum spurium, Hedw. Summit of Pond Mt., near Marion.
On ground, alt. 3,400 ft.

Dieranum Bonjeani, De Not. (D. palustre, La Pyl.) Summit of
White Rock. Forming dense sterile patches, in depressions
where the water stands, alt. 4,400 ft.

Dicranum flagellare, Hedw. Along Nick’s Creek, in cracks of old
logs, alt. 2,500 ft. Pond Mt., Staley Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. On
rotten logs, wet places on Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Summit
of the ridge of Iron Mt. alt. 3,100 ft. Comer Creek, “alt.
2,600 ft.

Dicranum fulvum, Hook. Chatham Hill Gap, on Walker Mt., on
sandstone, alt. 3,000 ft. Summit of Pine Mt., on rocks, alt.
4,900 ft. Bear Creek, on sandstone rocks, alt. 2,300 ft. East
slope of White Top, alt. 5,000 ft. Summit of White Top, alt.
5,078 ft. On rocks in the.bed of stream in Dickey's Creek,
alt. 3,000 ft. Also on sandstone rocks with Umdéilicaria, along
Dickey's Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. Eastern slope of White Top
Mt., on trunks of trees, alt. 5,000 ft.

À peculiar form in habit and general aspect was found at the
same locality, alt. 3,500 ft. Growing on living trees of Betula

Jufea and Fagus ferruginea, about 10 or 12 feet from the ground,

orming dense cushions and abundantly fruiting. In aspect and
habit quite distinct from all other forms of D. fulvum, collected on
rocks. Color yellowish-brown, stems densely matted with ferru-

Dicranum viride (Sull. E Lesq. Sch. Slemp Creek, Nick's
Creek and Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. about 2,500 ft.
Sterile. Falls of the Holston River, alt. 2,050 ft. on old log,
fruiting. The Manual says, on page 69: “Not rare in the
Northern States, but not yet found in fruit" We have 8
localities in our herbarium in which fruit has been collected!

. On June 8th the plants were still young, and the capsules

€ither immature or old but still complete enough to enable me to

118

supplement the description in the Manual with the fruit. Inflor-

escence dicecious? Perichætium sheathing, bracts 3-5mm. lon

innermost Ree and broken off at tip, outer suddenly subulate,
pedicels 8-ıomm. long, erect, scarcely twisted, capsules erect,
straight, exinde: or narrowly ovoid, smooth or slightly wrinkled
when old, not sulcate, 2-5mm. long, with a straight beak, 1mm

lon mouth small, operculum conic rostrate, annulus narrow,

falling with the lid, peristome short, regular, teeth split to mid-

dle, pale above, striolate below, trabeculate. Spores not seen.

The base of the leaves as figured in Sullivant's Icones is not cor-

rect, as the cells next the vein are lax and hyaline, those of the

basal angles thick-walled and brown, as figured in the Bryologia

Europaea Supplement T. 1. None of our capsules are quite as

mature as that figured by Schimper, but one collected by Austin

in the Catskill Mts. in 1875 is exactly as drawn.

Dicranum fuscescens, Turner. Summit of Mt. Rogers. On trees,
alt. 5,719 ft. In dense masses on wet rocks, summit of White
Top, alt. 5,678.

Dicranum longıfolinm, Ehrh, Summit of White Top Mt. Fruit-
ing. Eastern slope of White Top Mt., on trunks of Picea, alt.
4,800 ft. On twigs and trunks of Picea, alt. 5,678 ft. Fruit-
ing, also sterile. On wet rocks, southwestern side of summit
of White Top, alt. 5,678, ft., with Campylopus Virginicus and
Zygodon excelsus not showing its glaucous green color and
lustre till dried. On summit and slope of Mt. Rogers. On
trunks of evergreen trees, alt. 5,000-5,719 ft. Summit of Pine
Mt. On trunks of Picea Canadensis, alt. 4,900 ft.

Dicranum montanum Hedw. Slemp Creek (Brushy Mt.) On old
log in swamp, alt. 2,800 ft. Sterile and rare.

Onchophorus crispatus (Dicks) Lindb. [Rhabdoweisia denticulata
(Brid.)] Summit of White Rock Mt. On soil collected on
white sandstone, alt. 4,400 feet, fruiting abundantly June 22d.
Summit of White Top Mt., mixed with Didymodon cylindricus,
fruiting May 28th, alt. 5,678 ft. On wet rocks, Dickey Creek,
alt. 3,000 ft. Archegonial plants, June 17th.

Campylopus Virginicus (Aust.) L. & J. Summit of White Top
Mt. On sandstone (wet), alt. 5,678 ft. Summit of White
Rock Mt. On white sandstone, alt. 4,400 ft.

Dicranella heteromalla (L.) Schimp. Eastern slope of White Top

On ground, alt. 3,000 ft. Along White Top Creek. On

179

sand, alt. 2,600 ft. Chatham Hill Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 3,000
ft. Brushy Mt. Along Slemp Creek, alt. 2,700 ft. Growing
with Campylopus Virginicus on wet cliffs, northwest side of
-White Top Mt. alt. 5,678 ft. An unusual habitat and peculiar
form of this common species, remarkable for its short recurved
pedicels !

Ditrichum pallidum, Schreb. Along Nick’s Creek. On clay soil,
alt. 2,500 ft. Shannon Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 3,100 ft. On
rocks. Summit of Iron Mt., near Troutdale, alt. 3,300 ft.
Bristol, alt. 1,800 ft.

Ceratodon purpureus (L.) Brid: Marion. On rotten roof, alt.
2,100 ft. Along Hungry's Mother Creek. On burned wood,
alt. 2,200 ft. On East Fork Walker Creek. On ground, alt.
2,200 ft. Bear Branch of Bear Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. i

Orthotrichum Ohioense, Sull. E Lesq. Eastern slope of White

ock Mt. On trees, alt. 4,000 ft. Western slope of Pond
Mt. On trees, alt. 2,500 ft.

Orthotrichum strangulatum, Sull. On summit of Brushy Mt., on
trees, alt. 3,000 ft. Marion, on Prunus Cerasus, alt. 2,100 ft.
On Hutton’s Creek, on Juglans, alt. 2,300 ft. Along Staley's
Creek, near Marion, on beech, alt. 2,200 ft. Summit of Pond
Mt., east of Marion, on dead wood, alt. 3,000 ft.

Weissia ulophylla, Ehrh. ( Ulota crispa Brid.). Summit of Pond Mt.,
on trees, alt. 3,000 ft. Eastern slope of White Top Mt., on
trees, alt. 4,500 ft. Summit of Pine Mt., on trees, alt. 4,900 ft.
Along Hutton's Branch, on old bark, alt. 2,200 ft. East Fork
Walker Creek, on birch, alt. 2,200 ft.

Weissia crispula, Lindb. (Ulota crispula, Br. & Sch.) Along Fox
Creek, at foot of Pine Mt, on birch and hemlock, alt. 3,000
ft. Summit of White Top Mt. on Picea, Betula lutea, alt.
5,678 ft. Along White Top Creek, on trees, 2,600 ft.

Weissia coarctata (P. Beauv.) Lindb. ( U/ota Ludwig, Brid.). Sum-
mit of Pond Mt., east of Marion, on log, alt. 3,200 ft. East Fork
Walker Creek, on birch, alt. 2,200 ft. Eastern slope of White
Top Mt., on Fagus, alt. 5,000 ft. Along Hutton’s Branch, on
old bark, alt. 2,200 ft. Summit of White Top Mt., on rocks,
alt. 5,678 ft.

180

Weissia Americana (P. Beauv.) Lindb. (Orthotrichum Americanum,
Beauv. Ulota Hutchinsie, Smith.) At Chatham Hill Gap,
on Walker Mt., on sandstone, alt. 3,000 ft. Summit of
White Rock Mt., on white sandstone, alt. 4,400 ft. Summit
of White Top Mt., on sandstone, alt. 5,678 ft. Brushy Mt,
on rocks, alt. 2,600 ft. Eastern slope of White Top Mt., on
sandstone, alt. 5,000 ft. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. On huge
erratic boulder in woods, growing on Umbilicaria Dilleni, alt.
2,800 ft.

Weissia Americana var. rufescens, E.G. B. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club,
21: 69 (1894). Summit of White Top Mt., on trees in dense
woods of Picea Mariana, mixed with Dicranum longifolium,
Zygodon viridissimus and Weissia ulophylla, alt. 5,678 ft.

Zygodon viridissimus (Dicks. Brown. On summit of White Top
Mt., alt. 5,678 ft. On trunks of Picea rubra (Lamk.) Link.,
associated with Dicranum longifolium, Ulota crispa and Frulla-
nia Asagrayana. Fruiting. On eastern slope of White Top
Mt., alt. 4,800 ft.; also on spruce. Sterile. (Plate 80.)

Zygodon excelsus (Sull.) E. G. Britton. (Syrrhopon excelsus, Sull.
Zygodon Sullivanti, C. Muell) Western side, summit of White
Top Mt., on wet cliffs, alt. 5,600 ft. Also on Aes rubra, on
summit, alt. 5,678 ft., associated with Dicranum longifolium,
Ulota crispa and Frullania Asagrayana.

DRUMMONDIA PROREPENS (Hedw.). (Drummondia clavellata, Hook.)
On western slope of Cove Mt., on Prunus serotina, alt. 1,000 ft.
On western slope of Iron Mt., at Skull Gap, on trees, alt.
3,000 ft. Along cliffs of New River, Carroll Co., on branches,
alt. 2,200 ft. At Marion, on Prunus Cerasus, alt. 2,100 ft. On
summit of White Rock mountain, on trees, alt. 4,400 ft. At
Shannon Gap, on Walker Mt., on fallen trees, alt. 3,100 ft.
Summit of Pond Mt., east of Marion, on dead trees, alt. 3,000
ft. Dickey’s Creek, alt. 2,800 ft.

Grimmia apocarpa (L.) Hedw. Shannon Gap, Walker Mt., alt.
2,800 ft. On rocks in woods below the summit of White Top
Mt., alt. 5,600 ft.

Grimmia apocarpa (L.) Hedw. var. rivularis (Brid.) W. & M.
Banks of the Holston River at Marion, on limestone rocks, alt.
2,100 ft. Also at Kobenhaven's Mills, alt. 2,050 ft.

181

Grimmia Pennsylvanica, Schwegr. Banks of Holston river at
Marion, on limestone rocks, alt. 2,100 ft. Slemp Creek, on
rocks, alt. 2,800 ft. Dickey Creek, on cliffs, alt. 3,000 ft.

Grimmia Olneyi, Sull. In bed of Dickey Creek, alt. 2,800 ft.
Sterile.

Grimmia acicularis (L.) C. Müll. (Racomitrium aciculare Brid.)
Bed of Dickey Creek. On stones in water, alt. 2,800 ft., form-
ing dark green mats, with stems often 15 cm. long. Sterile.

Grimmia fascicularis (Schrad.) C. Müller. (Racomitrium fasciculare,
Brid.) Summit of White Rock Mt. On wet, white sandstone,
alt. 4,400 ft.

Thuidium recognitum (Hedw.) Lindb. On Staley’s Knob, near
Marion. On log, alt. 2,500 ft. ' At the falls of the Holston
River. On ground, alt. 2,050 ft. On limestone rocks, Hun-
gry’s Mother Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. On Slope of White Top
Mt. On old wood, alt. 5,000 ft. Along Nick's Creek. On
old logs, alt. 2,300 ft.

Thuidium delicatulum (L.) Nutt. On the under side of shelving
rocks and ledges. Slopes of Pine Mt., near Troutdale, alt.
3,000 ft.

Thuidium scitum (Beauv.) Austin. Summit of Pond Mt. On
ground, alt. 3,400 ft. On Nick's Creek. On ground, alt.
2,400 ft.

Leskea obscura, Hedw. South Fork of the Holston, near Add
Wolf. At base of Platanus occidentalis, alt. 2,200 ft.

Leskea polycarpa, Ehrh. Near Lyons Gap, Walker Mt. On base
of tree, alt. 2,500 feet. On Hungry's Mother Creek, in wet
places, alt. 2,200 ft. Island in the Holston River near Marion,
alt. 2,100 ft. At base of tree in swamp. Beside spring be-
tween the turnpike and the South Fork of the Holston, not
far from Seven-Mile Ford, alt. 2,100 ft.

Leskea denticulata, Sulliv. Slopes of White Top. On trees, alt.
4,000-5,800. On Crategus punctata, summit of White Top,
in dense wet woods, alt. 5,678 ft. Mixed with Brachythecium
acuminatum var. setosum, Zygodon viridissimus, and Radula
complanata.

182

Leskea tristis, Cesati. At Falls of the Holston River. On trees,
alt. 2,050 ft. Along Hungry's Mother Creek. On Acer sac-
charinum, alt. 2,200 ft. Eastern slope of White Top. On
Fagus, alt. 4,600 ft.

Anomodon attenuatus (Schreb) Hedw. Along Staley's Creek,
near Marion. On trees, alt. 2,150 ft. On summit of Pine
Mt. On trunks of trees, alt. 4,900 ft. With long slender
branches, on trees, near the house on summit of White Top,
alt. 5,300 ft. On trees along McGrady's Creek, North Fork
of the Holston, alt. 2,200 ft. A form with leaves remarkably
dentate at apex found on rocks along Dickey Creek, alt.
2,700 ft.

Anomodon obtusifolius, Br. & Sch. On the eastern slope of White
Top Mt., on trees, alt. 4,800 ft.. In valley between White Top
and the Iron Mts., on trees, alt. 2,600 ft. On the summit of
Pine Mt., on trees, also on the under side of huge bowlders,
long creeping stems, alt. 4,900 ft. On Staley's Knob, East
Marion, on trunks of beech, alt. 2,300 ft. Summit of White
Top Mt., on the trunks, alt. 5,678 ft.

Anomodon rostratus ( Hedw.) Schimp. Along Slemp Creek, on
stumps, alt. 2,400 ft. Along Hungry's Mother Creek, on trees
(roots), alt. 2,100 ft. Banks of Nick's Creek, on trees, alt.
2,600 ft. Along Staley's Creek near Marion, on trees, alt.
2,200 ft. Falls of Holston River, on rocks, alt. 2,050 ft. On
stones in fields near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. On rocks, Pine Mt.,
near Troutdale, alt. 3,500 ft.

Anomodon viticulosus (L.) H. & T. Banks of the Holston River, at
Marion, on limestone rocks, alt. 2,100 ft. In valley between
White Top and the Iron Mts. along White Top Creek, on trees,
alt. 2,600 ft. In Hungry Hollow, on wet rocks, alt. 2,200 ft.
At Falls of the Holston River, on wet rocks, alt. 2,050 ft.

Amblystegium filicinum (L.) Lindb. In Hutton's Hollow, on wet
bank, alt. 2,500 ft.

Amblystegium hygrophilum (Jur.) Sch. Nick’s Creek, on black
loamy soil, alt. 2,500 ft.

Amblystegium irriguum (H. & W.) Br. & Sch. Wet bank, Hut-
ton's Branch, alt. 2,100 ft. Bear Branch, Bear Creek, alt.
2,300 ft.

188

A. irriguum var. spinifolium, L. & J. In a spring near Saltville,
alt. 2,100 ft.

Amblystegium varium (Hedw.) Lindb. Along Hungry’s Mother

reek. In sand, alt. 2,200 ft. Falls of Staley's Creek. On
rocks, alt. 2,300 ft. Summit of White Top Mt. On old wood,
alt. 5,678 ft. Along Holston River, Marion, On ground, alt.
2,100 ft.

Amblystegium serpens (L.) Br. & Sch. On East Fork of Walker
Creek. On old log,alt. 2,200 ft. Hungry's Mother Creek.
On old logs, alt. 2,300 ft.

Amblystegium orthocladon (Beauv.) Aust. Along Staley’s Creek,
near Marion. On ground, alt. 2,100 ft. Falls of the Holston
River. On sand, alt. 2,050 ft.

Amblystegium riparium (L.) Br. & Sch. var. elongatum, Sch.
Syn. Musc. Eu. p. 748 (var. fuitans L. & J. Man. p. 377; var.
Jontinaloides, Aust. in Herb.) Stems often over a foot long,
branching pinnately, branches either simple or also pinnately
divided, frequently 6-10 cm. long, leaves acuminate 3-4 mm.
long, slightly decurrent with angular cells at angles, all
lax, vein single, ending below the apex, margins entire.
Sterile in calcareous spring near Wallace Switch, alt. 1,900 ft.
J. K. Small. Marion, on wet boards, alt. 2,100 ft.

Amblystegium Lescurü, Sull. Bear Creek. On wet rocks, alt.
2,300 ft. On wetsloping recks in rivulet. Slopes of Pond Mt.,
alt. 2,500 ft. In Nick's Creek, alt. 2,600 ft.

Amblystegium eugyrium (Br. & Sch.) Lindb. Along White Top
Creek, on rocks, alt. 2,600 ft. Bear Creek, on wet rocks, alt.
2,200 ft. Eastern slope of White Top Mt., on rocks, alt.
4,000-5,000 ft., fruiting. Dickey Creek, on wet rocks, with
Racomitrium aciculare, alt. 2,800 ft , fruiting.

Amölystegium dilatatum (Wils.) Lindb. Falls of Staley’s Creek,
east of Marion, on (rocks) wet, alt. 2,300 ft. Along Bear
Creek, on wet rocks, alt. 2,200 ft.

Amblystegium adnatum, Hedw. Banks of the Holston River, near
Copenhaven’s Mills, on white cedars, alt. 2,050 ft. Shannon
Gap, Walker Mt., alt. 2,800 ft., on rocks. Summit of White
Rock, alt. 4,400 ft., on rocks.

184

Amblystegium aduncum (L.) Lindb. (Hypnum uncinatum, Hedw.)
East bank of the Holston River near the Falls, alt. 2,050 ft.
Hypnum Boscu, Schwægr. In Hungry Hollow, on ground, alt.
2,300 ft. North of Bristol, on old wood, alt. 1,800 ft. Along
Bear Creek, on rocks, alt. 2,200 ft. At Falls of Holston River,
on rocks, alt. 2,050 ft. Western slope of Cove Mt., near
Buchanan, on stumps, alt. 1,000 ft. Comer's Creek, in dense

close mats on wet rocks near the dam, alt. 2,500 ft.

Hypnum strigosum, Hoffm. Along Nick's Creek, on ground, alt.
2,600 ft. East fork Walker Creek, on ground, alt. 2,200 ft.
Hypnum hians, Hedw. Nick’s Creek, on black loamy soil,
sterile. Bear Creek, alt. 2,800 ft., also sterile. Hungry’s

Mother Creek, on old logs with Æ. hispidulum, Brid., sterile.
Sullivant, in the Icones Muscorum, p. 163, says of the vein:

** Costa tenui supra medium abrupte desinente." Figures 5 and 8,

t. 104, show this character well but fail to indicate as a very marked

character in the profile of the leaves, that the keeled vein ends in

a dorsal spine a short distance below the apex. Austin’s Musci

Appalachiani, No. 335, with which this was compared, verifies

this statement.

Hypnum demissum, Wilson. On wet rocks, Bear Branch of Bear
Creek, alt. 2,200 ft., with H eugyrium. On wet rocks in
Dickey’s Creek, alt. 3,000 ft. In bed of Nick’s Creek, alt.
2,500 ft. McGrady’s Creek, foot of White Rock, alt. 3,000 ft.

Hypnum recurvans, Schwægr. On Staley's Knob, east of Marion.
On log, alt. 2,400 ft. Banks of Holston River at Marion.
On Zsuga Canadensis, alt. 2,100 ft. Along Nick’s Creek. On
old log, alt. 2,500 ft. Also on black loam, a lax form with
long, creeping, nearly simple branches and very glossy yellow
leaves, fruit scarce. Sinclair's Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. On o
logs. White Top Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. On the ground, densely
fruited with pedicels over 2 cm. long, and capsules contracted
below the mouth when old. On old logs in dense woods, base
of Pine Mt., near Troutdale, alt. 3,000 ft.

Hypnum laxepatulum, L. & J. Sull. Icon. Musc. Suppl. 93, t. 69.
Bot. Gaz. I. 30. Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft. In
thin flat mats on the vertical faces of wet rocks in shade, with

185

Herberta adunca and Campylopus Virginicus ; also on roots of

Picea rubra.

It seems to me that the species is distinct from Hypnum re-
curvans and well-named, maintaining a different habit, less glossy
in general aspect, more loosely branched and leaves less uncinate,
with a short pedicel, only 1 cm., while in Hypnum recurvans it is
usually 2 cm. I have been favored with a portion of the type from
Sullivant's Herbarium by Dr. Watson.

In comparison, I find that the cilia, however, are developed on
James' own specimens and are single, but with a divisional line as
if two were united. Sullivant figured it without cilia and the
Manual says * cilia none or rudimentary."

Hypnum | cylindricarpum, CM. McGrady's Creek, alt. 3,000 ft.
On old log in fine fruit. Capsules inclined and contracted
below the mouth.

Hypnum microcarpum, CM. Banks of the Holston at Marion, alt.
2,100 ft. In dense glossy mats at base of Tsuga Canadensis.
Sterile. Falls of the Holston, alt. 2,050 ft. On fallen log in
dense woods. Fertile.

Hypnum serrulatum, Hedw. Summit of White Top Mt. alt. 5,678
ft. On trees with Dicranum fuscescens. ;
Hypnum rusciforme, Weiss. On Pine Mt., in stream, alt. 4,000 ft.
In valley between White Top and the Iron Mts., along White

Top Creek, in sand, alt. 2,600 ft.

Hypnum acuminatum, Beauv. Nick’s Creek. On ground, alt.
2,600 ft. Below summit of White Top Mt. alt. 5,500 ft. On
old logs, below the house.

VAR. FILIFORME, n. var. Summit of White Top Mt, alt. 5,670 ft.
On Crategus punctata with Leska denticulata, Zygodon viri-
dissimus and Radula complanata. A very slender form grow-
ing in dense wet woods. Branches often 3 cm. long and un-
divided, leaves serrulate nearly to base, angles decurrent, cells
rectangular, vein ending above the middle, with the two lateral
folds faint. Sterile. E. G. BRITTON.

Hypnum lætum, Brid. In dense mats on rocks in woods. Slopes
of Pine Mt. near Troutdale, alt. 3,500 ft. Walker Mt., Shannon

186

Gap, alt. 2,800 ft. Ledges of limestone cliffs. Staley's Creek,
near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. On logs.

Hypnum plumosum, Hudson. On wet rocks. Shannon Gap,
Walker Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.

Hypnum rutabulum, L. Along Hutton's Creek. On wet rocks,
alt. 2,500 ft. Bear Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Sterile. Slemp Creek,
alt. 2,800 ft. Sugar Grove, South Fork of the Holston River.
On logs in mill dam, alt. 2,200 ft.

Hypnum rivulare, Bruch. Falls of Staley's Creek east of Marion.
On wet rocks, alt. 2,300 ft.

Hypnum Alleghaniense, C. Mull. Thamnium Alleghaniense, Br.
& Sch. Along Bear Creek. On wet rock in run, alt. 2,250
ft At Falls of the Holston River, on perpendicular rocks, alt.
2,050 ft.

| Myurella Careyana, Sull. Banks of Holston River, at Marion.
On damp silt from limestone rocks, alt. 2,100 ft. Sterile.

Fabronia octoblepharis, Schwegr. Along Dickey Creek. On
perpendicular slate cliffs, alt. 2,800 ft.

Anacamptodon splachnoides, Brid. On North Fork of Holston
River near Plasterburg. In old knot hole of Platanus occidentalis
along the river, alt. 2,200 ft. and McGrady’s Creek. Base of
Pine Mt., near Troutdale, in dense maple te in small knot-
hole of fallen branch, alt. 3,000 ft.

Thelia hirtella (Heda. Sull. Along Holston River, Marion. At
base of trees, alt. 2,100 ft

Hylocomium brevirostre (Ehrh.) Br. & Sch. Along Nick's Creek,
on stumps, alt. 2,600 ft. On the summit of White Top Mt,
on the ground. alt. 5,678 ft. Slope of Pine Mt, on rocks,
alt. 3,600 ft. White Top Creek, alt. 3,600 ft. On the ground
and on logs.

Hylocomium proliferum (L.) Lindb. Summit of White Top Mt,
on ground, alt. 5,678 ft. Summit of Mt. Rogers, on ground,
alt. 5,719 ft. Summit of Pine Mt., on ground, alt. 4,900 ft.
Ravine of White Top Creek, alt. 3,000 ft.

Hylocomium parietinum (L.) Lindb. Walker Mt., Lyons’ Gap,
alt. 2,800 ft. Summit of White Top Mt. alt. 5,678 ft. In
dense mats under shade of Picea rubra.

Á—À MÀ 2

187

Hylocomium triquetrum (L.) Br. & Sch. On the summit of White
Top Mt., on the ground, alt. 5,678 ft. Summit of Pine Mt.,
on ground, alt. 4,900 ft. ;

Hylocomium rugosum (L.) De Not. On Kate's Mt, W. Va, on
ground and rocks, alt. 3,300 ft.

Campylium hispidulum (Brid.) Mitt. Wet ledges of Walker Mt. at
Shannon Gap, alt. 2,800 ft. Hungry's Mother Creek, at base
of stump, alt. 2,200 ft. Comer Creek, alt. 3,000 ft. On old
stump.

Campylium stellatum, Schreb. Wet banks, Comer Creek, alt.
2,800 ft.

Campylium chrysophyllum (Brid.). Summit of Pond Mt., on logs,
alt. 3,400 ft. North of Bristol, on old log, alt. 1,800 ft. On
Kate’s Mt., W. Va., on ground, alt. 3,300 ft. Along East
Fork of Walker Creek, on rock, alt. 2,200 ft. Nick’s Creek,
on rotten log, alt. 2,600 ft, Falls of Holston River, on trees,
alt. 2,050 ft. Marion, on rocks, alt. 2,100 ft.

Ctenidium molluscum (Hedw.) Mitt. Falls of Holston River, on
ground, alt. 2,050 ft. White Top Creek, on fallen log, alt.
3,000 ft.

Ctenidium molluscum (Hedw.) var. condensatum, Schimp. At
Chatham Hill Gap, on Walker Mt., on rocks, alt. 3.000 ft.

Prilium crista-castrense (L.) De Not. On the summit of White Top
Mt. On ground, alt. 5,678 ft. On the western slope of Mt.
Rogers. On ground, alt. 5,500 ft. Pine Mt. near Troutdale,
alt. 3,000 ft.

Stereodon pallescens (Hedw.) Lindb. Eastern slope of White Top
Mt. On dead wood, alt. 4,800 ft. Along White Top Creek, in
valley between White Top and Iron Mts. On trees, alt. 2,600
ft. Summit of White Top Mt. On trees, alt. 5,678 ft. Mixed
with Æ. laxepatulum.

Stereodon fertile (Sendt.) Eastern slope of White Top Mt. On
logs, alt. 5,000 ft. Along White Top Creek. On trees, alt.
2,600 ft. Slemp Creek. On decayed logs, alt. 2,800 ft.
Comer Creek. On decayed logs, alt. 2,500 ft.

188

Stereodon curvifolius (Hedw.) Brid. On eastern slope of White
Top Mt. On logs, alt. 5,000 ft. In Hungry Hollow. On
stunip, alt. 2,200 ft. Along East Fork of Walker Creek. On
old wet log, alt. 2,200 ft. Staley's Creek, slopes of Pond Mt.,
alt. 2,200 ft. Bear Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. On fallen logs, slopes
of Pine Mt., near Troutdale, alt. 3,000 ft.

Stereodon imponens (Hedw.) Brid. Eastern slope of White Top
Mt. On trees, alt. 5,000 ft. In valley between White Top
and the Iron Mts., alt. 2,700 ft. Along Staley's Creek, near
Marion. On stump, alt. 2,200 ft. On Staley's Knob, east of
Marion. On logs, alt. 2,400 ft. Eastern slope of White Top
Mt. On old log, alt. 5,000 ft. Nick's Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.
McGrady’s Creek, alt. 2,560 ít. Kern Valley. In dense
patches on old logs, alt. 2,200 ft.

Stercodon pratense (Koch) Brid. Knobs near Marion, alt. 2,200
ft. On old logs. Hungry Hollow, alt. 2,300 ft.

Pylaisia intricata, Br. & Sch. At base of decayed trees. Beaver
Creek, alt. 2,500 ft

Pylaisia velutina, Br. & Sch. At Chatham Hill Gap, on Walker
Mt. On rotten wood, alt. 2,500 ft. On island at Marion.
On Platanus occidentalis, alt. 2,100 ft. Slope of White Top
Mt. On trees, alt. 4,800 ft. Along Holston River, at Marion.
On very rotten wood, alt. 2,100 ft.

Plagiothecium elegans, Hook. Lindb. Summit of Pine Mt. On
rocks, alt. 4,900 ft.

Plagiothecium denticulatum, Br. & Sch. Wet rocks. West side
of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft. On rocks. Dickey Creek,
alt. 3,000 ft.

Cylindrothecium cladorhizans ( Hedw.) Schimp. Summit of Walker
Mt. at Chatham Hill Gap. On old wood, alt. 3,000 ft.

Cylindrothecium seductrix (Hedw.) Sull. At Marion. On rotten
roof, alt. 2,100 ft. On wet rocks, Walker Mt. alt. 2,800 ft.
Shannon Gap. On fallen logs and at base of trees. Island in
the Holston River near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Knobs near
Marion, on old trees, alt. 2,100 ft.

189

Hookeria Sullivantü, Müller. Plants forming bright glossy

green patches; stems not matted nor tomentose, prostrate at
base, 2-4 cm. long, innovations ascending, leaves intricate,
flattened in one place, occasionally rooting at apex, 3-5mm.
long, ovate-lanceolate, veinless, entire, bordered by a row of
slightly larger, clearer cells, apex acute, areolation regularly
rhomboidal, basal cells not enlarged, base contracted. Monce-
cious, autoicous, the antheridia few in small leafy buds near
the base of the pedicel. Perichætial bracts few, smaller than
the leaves, more acuminate; pedicel stout, red brown,
8-12 mm. long, twisted and curved ; capsule pendent, not con-
tracted below the mouth when dry, 1-5 mm. long, lid 75 mm.
conic, calyptra not seen. Peristome double, teeth trabe
culate. Along Nick’s Creek, at foot of Pine Glade Mt. In
dark, damp spring ravine, on perpendicular face of wet rock,
alt. 2,600 ft. Only two capsules found with old fruit and one
operculum entangled among the leaves. Differs from P#rigo-
phyllum lucens, Brid. in the acute leaves with longer narrower
cells, capsules shorter and broader, not contracted below the
mouth when dry, lid not rostrate, blunt. This species has
been confounded with the above and was distributed by Sul-
livant in his Musci Alleghanienses as 58 Hookeria lucens,
and by Sull. & Lesq. Musci Bor. Am. Ed. II. 401 as Heokeria
acutifolia, also recently as Péerigophyllum lucens by Dr. Barnes,
collected by Prof. Underwood at Tallulah Falls, Ga. It has
also been collected in Doe River Gorge, Tenn., by me 1885,
and in Ohio and North Carolina by Sullivant and Lesquereux,
Bolander’s Californian specimens and those with blunt leaves
from Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Vancouver, are all Pterigo-
Phyllum lucens. We have seen no specimens of the lattter from
any locality east of the Rocky Mountains. (Plate 80.)

Neckera pennata (L.) Hedw. Eastern slope of White Top Mt.,

alt. 4,800 ft., on Picea. In valley between White Top Mt. and
the Iron Mts., on trees, alt. 2,600 ft. Along Nick’s Creek, on
old trees, alt. 2,500 ft. Slopes of Pine Mt., on trees, alt. 4,000 `
ft. Summit of White Top, on old trees of Crategus punctata,
alt. 5,678 ft.

Mem. Torr, Bor. Crus, Vol. IV., Part 2, Sig. 7, April 17, 1894.

e

190

Climacium Americanum, Brid. At Falls of Holston River, on
sand, alt. 2,050 ft. On limestone rocks, Hungry’s Mother
Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. On rocks and old stumps along Staley
‘Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. On rocks, Pine Mt., alt. 3,500 ft. à

Fon.inalis Dalecarlica, Br. & Sch. In Nick's Creek, on slate rock
in flowing water, alt. 2,500 ft. In Dickey Creek, on rocks in
flowing water, alt. 3,000 ft.

Fontinalis Nove-Anghe, Sull. Dickey Creek, in flowing water,
alt. 2,600 ft. White Top Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. Pine Mt., near
Trovtdale, alt. 3,500 ft. Also in Fox Creek, near Troutdale,
alt. 3,000 ft.

Homalothecium subcapillatum, Sulliv. Summit of White Top Mt,
alt. 5,678 ft., on Crategus punctata, in deep woods.

Leptodon trichomitrium (Hedw.) Mohr. In valley between White
Top and the Iron Mts., along White Top Creek, on trees, alt.
2,600 ft. In Hungry Hollow, on sculus, alt. 2,200 ft. On
Brushy Mt., on trees, Acer, alt. 2,800 ft. Along Staley’s
Creek, near Marion, on trees, alt. 2,150 ft. At Chatham Hill
Gap, Walker Mt., on trees, alt. 3,000 ft.

Leucodon brachypus, Brid. Summit of White Top Mt., on Crategus
punctata, alt. 5,600 ft. Along Staley’s Creek, near Marion, on
Acer Saccharum, alt. 2,300 ft. Summit of Pond Mt., east of
Marion, on trees, alt. 3,400 ft. On Staley’s Knob, east of
Marion, on trees, alt. 2,400 ft. Banks of Nick’s Creek, on
trees, 2,500 ft.

LEUCODON BRACHYPUS FLAGELLATUS. Branches tapering into long
slender tips with small leaves, with recurved subulate tips. On
trees below the house on White Top Mt., alt. 5,300 ft.; also
Eagle Cliff, Roan Mt., alt. 1,600 metres (5,000 ft.). Dr. C. H.
Merriam.

Leucodon julaceus (Hedw.) Sull. Summit of White Top Mt., on
Crategus punctata, alt. 5,678 ft. Slope of Cove Mt., near
Buchanan, on Platanus occidentalis, alt. 1,000 ft. Slope of White
Top Mt., with flagellate branches, on trees, alt. 5,000 ft.

Hedwigia ciliata, Ehrh. Slope of Brushy Mt. On sandstone, alt.
2,400 ft. On banks of Holston River, Marion. On limestone,

———MÀM—— — —

191

alt. 2,100 ft. Eastern slope of Walker Mt., Chatham Hill Gap.
On sandstone rocks, alt. 3,000 ft. Along Slemp Creek, Dickey
Creek and Staley's Creek. On dry rocks, alt. 2,300-3,000 ft.
Summit of White Top Mt. On trees mixed with Dicranum
longifolium, alt. 5,678 ft. On rocks. Pine Mt., alt 3,500 ft.

Hedwigia ciliata, Ehrh., var. viridis, Schimp. At Marion. On
old roof, alt. 2,100 ft.

HEPATICZE.*

Frullania Asagrayana, Mont. Walker Mt., Shannon Gap, alt.
2,800 ft. On sandstone rocks in shade. Dickey Creek, alt.
2,500 ft. On trees and on rocks. Comer Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.
On old trees. Slopes of Pine Mt., near Troutdale, alt. 3,500
ft. On hemlocks. White Top summit, alt. 5,678 ft. On
spruces. Ravine Middle Fork of the Holston River, alt. 2,000
ft. On Thuja occidentalis.

Frullania «olotis, Nees. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. On wet
rocks with Mertzgeria conjugata. Shannon Gap, Walker Mt.,
alt. 2,800 ft. On rocks. Summit White Top, alt. 5,678 ft.
On rocks. Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. On Beech
trees. Falls of the Middle Fork of the Holston, alt. 2,000 ft.

Frullania Eboracensis, Gottsche. Island in the Middle Fork of the
Holston River near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. On Platanus occiden-
talis and Salix nigra. On cultivated cherry trees in a garden
at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. On old stumps, Walker Mt., Shannon
Gap, alt. 2,800 ft. Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Frullania squarrosa, Nees. Island in the Holston River near
Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. On old stumps with Zhelia hirtella.

Frullania Virginica, Gottsche. Summit of White Top, alt. 5,678
ft. Slemp Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. On Juglans cinerea. Bear:
Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Jubula Hutchinsie (Hook.) Dumort. var. Sullivantii, Spruce. Nick's
Creek, alt. 2,300 feet. In spring. Bear Branch of Bear
Creek,alt.2,200ft. Inbrook. Pond Mt.,alt.2,200ft. On stones
in brook. Banks of the Holston River at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

bd stones in water. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. In stream.

*Determined by Dr. Alexander W. Evans.

192

Lejeunia clypeata (Schw.) Sulliv. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.
On trees.

Lejeunea (Harpa-Lejeunea) ovata Tayl. Dioicous, pale green,
loosely czespitose; stems prostrate, with few radicles, irregu-
larly branched; leaves contiguous or somewhat imbricatad,
obliquely spreading, convex and often reflexed at apex, ovate,
mostly acute, entire, the antical margin arching over the stem
but not beyond it; leaf-cells hexagonal, with slight thickenings —
at the angles, ocellz 1 to 3, near the base of the leaf, elliptical ;
lobule ovate, inflated, strongly arched at the keel, the margin
curved, mostly involute, 1-toothed at the apex and excurrent
into the leaf; underleaves broadly cuneate, emarginate-bilobed
with rounded lobes and sinus; female inflorescence terminal,
with I or 2 subfloral branches; bracts erect, ovate, obtuse,
the lobule plane (?) obtuse in Taylor's herbarium, and I find
them to be the same in all particulars except the form of the
bracteole ; in Taylor's specimens this is distinctly emarginate
at the apex for about 1 its length; while in the Virginian
specimens, as stated in the description, the bracteole is rounded
or very slightly retuse at the apex. The species may be dis-
tinguished from our other Leewzee by its more acute leaves
and by the blunt lobes of its underleaves. (Plate 81.)

DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES.

I. Plants, about twice natural size.

2. Portion of stem, antical view.

3. Portion of stem, postical view.

* 4. Cells from base of leaf, showing ocellæ.
5. 9 inflorescence, postical view. |

6. Bracteole, from Taylor's specimen, narrowly winged at
the keel; bracteole obovate, entire, rounded or slightly retuse at
the apex. ;

Stems about 5 mm. long, 0.05 mm. in diameter; leaves
0.30X0.15, lobule 0.15><0.08; leaf-cells in middle of leaf averag-
ing 0.018 mm. in diameter, ocellæ 0.030X0.024; underleaves
o.08x0.01; bracts 0.50X0.25 (lobule 0.40x0.16); bracteole
0.30X0.20.

193

Hab., on fallen birch, White Top Creek, Mrs. Britton and Miss
Vail 9 plants, without perianth.

This delicate little species, which has been kindly identified by
Herr Stephani, of Leipzig, marks the first appearance of the sub-
genus Harpa-Lejeunea in the United States. Through the kind-
ness of Dr. Robinson, I have been enabled to compare these
specimens with the type of the species.

Radula complanata (L.) Dumort. Banks of+Holston River near
Kopenhaver's Mills, alt. 2,050 ft. On Thuja occidentalis.

Radula tenax, Lindb. Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678. On
rocks in shade. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,800 ft. On rocks in
shade. White Rock, alt. 4,400 ft.

Radula obconica, Sulliv. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Porella pinnata, Schwegr. Kopenhaver’s Mill near Marion, alt.
2,000 ft. In a limestone Spring. floating in the water.

Porella platyphylla, (L.) Lindb. White Top, alt. 5,300 ft. On
trees. Hutton’s Branch, alt. 2,200 ft. At base of trees, Banks
of the Holston River near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft., on logs.
Dickey Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. On trees and rocks, slopes of
Pine Mt., near Troutdale, alt. 3.500 ft. On logs and trees
in dense woods. Very variable in the amount of branching,
sometimes very pinnate'with short branches, at others almost
unbranched, stems long and slender.

Blepharozia ciliaris (L.) Dumort. Pine Mt., near Troutdale, alt.
3,500 ft. On fallen logs.

Trichocolea tomentella, Dumort. White Top Creek, alt. 2,800 ft.
Slopes of Pine Mt., near Troutdale, alt. 3,500 ft. Wet bank
near stream. Fruiting.

Herberta adunca, S. F., Gray. Summit of White Top, alt. 5,678
ft Abundant on wet rocks, in dense brown cushions, or on
branches of Picea rubra.

Bazzania deffexa (Nees.) Underwood. Summit White Top, alt.
5,678 ft. Associated with Campylopus Virginicus and Herberta
adunca,

Bazzania trilobata (L.) B. Gr. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. Wet
banks. Bear Branch, alt. 2,200 ft. White Top Creek, alt.

2,500 ft. White Top Summit, alt. 5,678 ft.

194

Lepidosia reptans, Dumort. Summit of White Top, alt. 5,678 ft.
On wet rocks, in shade, with Hypnum laxepatulum.

Lepidozia setacea (Web.) Mitt. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. On
rotten wood. Dickey Creek. alt. 2,500 ft. On roots of trees.

Cephalozia curvifolia (Dicks.) Dumort. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,200
ft. On old logs. Summit White Top, alt. 5,678 ft. Nick's
Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. On old logs. Walker’s Creek, alt. 2,300
ft. Falls of the Holston, alt. 2,000 ft. On rotten logs. Bear
Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Cephalozia multiflora, Spruce. Shannon Gap, Walker Mt., alt.
2,800 ft. Under high rocks in shade. Iron Mt. near Trout-
dale, alt. 3,500 ft. On the ground along roadsides.

Cephalozia Virginiana, Spruce. Summit White Top, alt. 5,678 ft.
On rotten logs.

Odontoschisma Sphagni (Dicks.) Dumort. Nick's Creek, alt. 2,200

ft. On wet banks, with Æookeria Sullivantü, Müller. Slemp
Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Knobs near Marion, alt. 2,200 ft. On
logs in damp ravine.

Kantia Trichomanis, S. F. Gray. Summit of White Top, alt.
5,678 ft. Banks of stream, slopes of Pine Mt., near Troutdale,
alt. 3,500 ft. Growing with 7rzchocolea tomentella. Dickey
Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. McGrady's Creck, alt. 2,300 ft.

Scapania nemorosa, Nees. White Top Creek, alt. 2,600 ft. On
logs. Summit of White Top, alt. 5,678 ft. Onrocks. Nick's
Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. On oldlogs. Shannon Gap, Walker Mt.,
alt. 2,000 ft. On earth. Pond Mt. alt. 3,000 ft. Along road-
sides. Fox Creek near Troutdate, alt. 3,500 ft. On wet logs
of bridge over a stream.

Scapania undulata (L.) Nees & Mont. Pond Mt., alt. 2,500 ft.
Wet rocks in stream. '

Diplophyllum taxifolium (Wahl.) Dumort. Comer Creek, alt. 2,300
ft. On the ground.

Geocalyx née (Schrad. Nees. Summit White Top Mt., alt.
5,678

TE debui Dumort. Banks of the Holston at Marion,
alt. 2,100 ft.

195 .

Lophocolea minor, Nees. South Fork of the Holston, alt. 2,100 ft.

Plagiochila asplenioides (L.) Dumort. On rocks in bed of Nick's
Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. In water, banks of the Holston River
near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Plagiochila porelloides, Lindenb. | Nick's Creek, alt. 2,200 ft., on
rocks in spring. Pine Mt., near Troutdale. alt. 3,500 ft., wet
banks of streams.

Jungermannia exsecta, Schmid. Summit of White Top Mt, alt.
5,678 ft. )

Jungermannia. Michauxü, Web. Summit of White Top Mt., alt.
5,678 ft., wet rocks and logs, with Dicranum fuscescens.

Jungermannia Schraderi, Mart. Slemp Creek, alt. 2,500 ft., on old
wood. Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

Marsupella emarginata, Dumort. Summit of White Top, alt.
5,678 ft., wet rocks.

Pellia epiphylla (L.) Nees. Bear Branch of Bear Creek, alt. 2,200

Pond Mt., alt. 2,300 ft., wet banks of brook. ;

Metzgeria conjugata, Lindb. Hungry’s Mother Creek, at base of
trees on cliff, alt. 2,200 ft. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,200 ft., on yel-
low birch. Bear Branch of Bear Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Pine
Mt., near Troutdale, alt. 3,500 ft., on rocks in dense woods.
Dickey Creek, on wet rocks, alt. 2,500 ft.

Aneura multifida (L.) Dumort. Nick's Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Bear
Branch, along Bear Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.

Aneura latifrons, Lindb. White Top Creek, alt. 2,500 ft., on
rotten logs.

Anthoceros levis, L. Bear Creek, alt. 2,200 ft, in burnt over
patches with Funaria hygrometrica.

Marchantia polymorpha, L. White Top Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. Wet
banks, Brushy Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Preissia hemispherica (L.) Cogn. Pond Mt., alt. 2,300 ft. Along
Staley's Creek.

Conocephalus conicus (L.) Dumort. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

196

LICHENES.*

Ramalina calicaris (L.) Fr. var. fraxinea, Fr. Pond Mt., alt. 2,800
ft. Orchard at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Island of Holston River,
banks of Holston River, alt. 2,100 ft.

Ramalina calicaris (L.) Fr. var. canaliculata, Fr. Dickey Creek,
alt. 2,500 ft.

Ramalina calicaris (L.) Fr. var. farinacea, Scher. Dickey Creek,
alt. 2,500 ft.

Cetraria ciliaris (Ach.). Walker Mt. alt. 3,000 ft. Cliffs of New
River, alt. 2,200 ft.

Cetraria lacunosa, Ach. Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Dickey Creek,
alt. 2,300 ft.

Cetraria Oakesiana, Tuck. Pond Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.

Evernia furfuracea (L.) Mann. Walker Mt. alt. 3,000 ft, Round

op Mt, alt. 2,800 ft.

Usnea barbata (L.) Fr. The Pinnacle, Cumberland Gap, alt.
2,500 ft.

Usnea barbata (L.) Fr. var. florida, Fr. Walker Mt., alt. 3,500 ft.
Pond Mt. alt. 2,500 ft.

Usnea barbata (L.) Fr. var. rubiginea, Michx. Walker Mt., alt.
3,000 ft. Pond Mt., alt. 2,800 ft.

Usnea angulata, Ach. White Top Mt, alt. 5,678 ft.

Alectoria jubata (L.) var. chalybeiformis (Ach.) Dickey Creek,
alt. 2,500 ft. Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

Alectoria, imperfect. Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Theloschistes concolor, Dicks. East slope of White Top Mt, alt:

5,000 ft.

Parmelia perlata (L.) Ach. Walker Mt, alt. 3,400 ft.

Parmelia latissima, Fée. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

Parmelia perforata (Jacq.) Ach. Summit of White Top Mt, alt
5,678 ft. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. Cliffs of New River,
alt. 2,200 ft. Reed Creek, alt. 2,100 ft.

Parmelia cetrata, Ach. Slope of White Rock Mt., alt. 4,000 ft.
Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

*Determined by Dr, J. W. Eckfeldt.

197

Parmelia crinata, Ach. Along Reed Creek, alt. 2,100 ft.

Parmelia tiliacea (Hoffm.) Floerk. Island of Holston River, alt.
2,100 ft.

Parmelia tiliacea (Hoffm.) Floerk, var. suölevigata, Nyl. Summit
of Pine Mt. alt. 4,500 ft. Pond Mt. alt. 2,800 ft.

Parmelia Borreri, Turn., var. rudecta, Tuck. Cliffs of New River,
alt. 2,200 ft. Along Reed Creek, alt. 2,100 ft. Everywhere
around Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Parmelia saxatilis (L.) Fr. Walker Mt. alt. 3,000 ft.

Parmelia physodes (Ach.) Nyl. Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Sum-
mit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

Parmelia physodes (L.) Ach. var. enteromorpha, Tuck. Summits of
White Top Mt. alt. 5,678 ft., and Mt. Rogers, alt. 5,719 ft.
Parmelia pertusa (Schrank.) Schaer. Foot of Pine Mt. alt. 3,000 ft.
Parmelia stygia (LA Ach. Summit of White Top Mt. alt. 5,678 ft.
Parmelia caperata (L.) Ach. Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Slope of
White Rock Mt., alt. 4,000 ft. Summit of White Top Mt. alt.
5,078 ft. Cliffs of New River, alt. 2,200 ft. The Pinnacle,

Cumberland Gap, alt. 2,500 ft.

Physcia hypoleuca (Muhl.) Tuck. Summit of White Top Mt, alt.
5,678 ft.

Physcia leucomela (L.) Michx. East slope of White Top Mt., alt.
5,000 ft. Pond Mt, alt. 2,500 ft.

Physcia aquila (Ach. Nyl. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Physcia stellaris, L. Island of Holston River, alt. 2,100 ft.

Physcia setosa (Ach.) Nyl. Hungry's Mother Creek, alt. 2,000 ft.

Pyxine sorediata, Fr. Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

t. Rogers, alt. 5,719 ft. Along Holston River, alt. 2,100 ft.

Umbilicaria Dillenii, Tuck. Slope and summit of White Rock
Mt., alt. 3,000-4,400 ft." Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678
ft. Peak Mt.,alt. 2,200 ft.

Umbilicaria pustulata (L.) Hoffm. Summit of White Top Mt, alt.
5,678 ft. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. À

Sticta amplissima (Scop.) Mass. Summit of White Top Mt, alt.
5,078 ft. Cliffs of New River, alt.

198

Sticta aurata (Sm.) Ach. Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

Sticta pulmonaria (L.) Ach. Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft. Pond Mt.,
alt. 2,500 ft.

Nephroma Helveticum, Ach. Slope of White Rock Mt., alt. 4,000
ft. Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Nephroma levigatum, Ach. Summit of Pine Mt., alt. 4,500 ft.

Peltigera apthosa (L.) Hoffm. Along Walker’s Creek, alt. 2,500
ft. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,500 ft. Cliffs of New River.

Peltigera polydactyla, Neck. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

Peltigera rufescens (Neck.) Hoffm. Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.
Along Holston River, alt. 2,100 ft.

Peltigera canina (L.) Hoffm. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Along
Holston River, alt. 2,100 ft.

Physma luridum, Mont. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Summit
of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

Pannaria lanuginosa (Ach) Koerb. Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.
Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Pannaria leucosticta, Tuck. Along Holston River, alt. 2,000 ft.

Pannaria nigra (Huds.) Nyl. Limestone ledges, near Wytheville,
alt. 2,200 ft.

Collema cyrtaspis, Tuckm. Peak Creek Mt., alt.

Leptogium pulchellum (Ach.) Nyl. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

Leptogium tremelloides (L. fils.) Fr. Near Marion, along Holston
River, alt. 2,100 ft. Reed Creek, cliffs of New River, alt.

Lecanora pallida (Schreb.) Scher. Summit of White top Mt., alt.
5,678 ft. Pond Mt., alt. 2,800 ft. Banks of Holston River,
alt. 2,100 ft.

Lecanora sub-fusca (L.) Ach. Along Holston River, alt. 2,100 ft.
The Pinnacle, Cumberland Gap, alt. 2,500 ft.

Lecanora Hageni, Ach. Vicinity of Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Lecanora elatina, Ach. var. ocrephea, Tuck. Summit of White
Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

Lecanora pallescens (L.) Scheer. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Lecanora cinera (L.) Sommerf. Limestone cliffs of Holston River
at Marion, alt, 2,100 ft.

199

Pertusaria velata (Turn.) Nyl. Summit of White Top Mt., alt.
5,678 ft. Orchard at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft. Reed Creek near
Wytheville, alt. 2,000 ft.

Pertusaria communis, D.C. Along Reed Creek, near Wytheville,
alt. 2,000 ft.

Pertusaria leioplaca (Ach.) Scher. Pond Mt, alt. 2,500 ft. The
Pinnacle, Cumberland Gap, alt. 2,500 ft. Reed Creek, near
Wytheville, alt. 2,000 ft.

Urceola scruposa (L.) Nyl. Walker Mt., alt. 3,500 ft.

Cladonia decortia, Floerk. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Cladonia pyxidata (L.) Fr. Slemp Creek, alt. 2,200 ft. Walker
Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.

Cladonia fimbriata (L.) Fr. Iron Mt. alt. 3,000 ft.

Cladonia squamosa, Hoffm. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Pond

t., alt. 2,800 ft.

Cladonia furcata (Huds.) Fr., var. racemosa, Tuck. Dickey
Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Walker Mt., alt. 3,000 ft.

Cladonia rangiferina (L.) Hoffm. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,800 ft.
Summit of White Top Mt., alt. 5,678 ft.

Cladonia cristatella, Tuck. Slemp Creek, alt. 2,300 ft. Nick’s

reek, alt. 2,300 ft.

Beomyces roseus, Pers. East slope of White Top Mt., alt. 5,000
ft. Pond Mt. alt. 2,800 ft.

Lecidea albo-cerulescens Fr. The Pinnacle, near King Solomon's

. Cave, Cumberland Gap, alt. 2,500 ft.

Lecidea enteroleuca Fr. G. var. @quata. Grayson, on New River,
alt. 2,100 ft.

Buellia parasema (Ach.) Th. Fries. Summit of White Top Mt.,
alt. 5,678 ft.

Arthonia tediosa (Nyl.) Fr. Banks of Holston River, alt.
2,100 ft

Arthonia spectabilis, Fl. Near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Calicium trichiale (Ach.) Ait. Orchard at Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

Endocarpon miniatum (L.) Scher. Dickey Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.
Holston River near Marion, alt. 2,100 ft.

200

Endocarpon miniatum var. aquaticum, Scher. Hungry’s Mother
Creek, alt. 2,200 ft.
Normandia lacte-virens (Turn.) Ait. Dickey's Creek, alt. 2,500 ft.
Trypethelium virens, Tuck. S. Ait. Nick’s Creek, alt. 2,300 ft.
Verrucaria fuscella Fr. Round Top near Seven-Mile Ford, alt.
2,800 ft.
MYXOMYCETES.
Fuligo varians, Sommf. Marion.
Stemonitis fusca, Roth. On rotten wood. Pond Mt.

ALGZE.
Sirosiphon pulvinatus, Breb. Dickey Creek.
Gomphonema constricta, Ehr. Dickey Creek.
Synedra Ulna (Nitzsch.) Ehrenb, Dickey Creek.
Fragilaria Harrisoni, Gum. Dickey Creek.
Cocconets Pediculis, Ehr. Dickey Creek.
Chroolepus aureus (L.) Kg. Holston River.
Lemanea torulosa (Roth.) Aq. » Dickey Creek.

FUNGI.
Phragrindium subcorticatum (Schrank) Mill. On Rosa sp-
Marion.
Puccinia Anemones, Pers. On Anemone trifolia. White Top.
Ceoma luminatum, Lk. On leaves of Rubus villosus. Marion.
Restelia lacerata (Sch.) Fr.? On leaves ot Crategus. Bristol.
Æcidium Viole, Schum. On Viola hastata. White Top.
Æcidium Acte (Opiz) Wallr. On leaves of Actea alba. Marion.
Æcidium Clematidis, D.C. On Clematis Virginiana. Marion.
Æcidium Sambuci, S. On leaves of Sambucus Canadensis. Bristol.
Erysiphe lamprocarpa, Lev. On Hydrophyllum Virginianum.
Marion :
Asterina Leemingie, E. & E. Proceed. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 128
(1893). On leaves of Galax aphylla, Marion.

201

Myceliu mhypophyllous, forming black, orbicular patches 2-4
mm. in diameter, composed of superficial radiating dendroid-
branched hyphz furnished with globose hyphopodia, 8-10 ». in
diameter. Perithecia numerous, seated on the hyphæ, flattened `
scutellate, of radiate cellular structure, about 150 ». in diameter,
with a papilliform ostiolum which is soon deciduous, leaving the
perithecium perforated and convex. Asci oblong, 35—40X 20-24
H, aparaphysate, 8-spored. Sporidia crowded oblong-fusoid, yel-
lowish hyaline, uniseptate, scarcely constricted, slightly curved,
18-22X5-6 u. (Plate 82.)

Has the habit of Dimerosporium orbiculare, B. & C., but differs
in several respects. Other localities may be given: Brushy Mt,
Va., Table Rock, N.C., 1891, John K. Small; Dickey Creek, Chas.
Scott. The species is named in honor of Miss Helena D. Leeming.

I have received from Prof. Farlow sterile specimens of this
` fungus named by Curtis Glenospora melioloides, B. & C. There is
no question but that the specimens are of the same fungus; Cooke
claims that G. melioloides ‘is a misname for G. Cartisü, B., in
which case the fungus was probably thought to be another species
and so labelled without further scrutiny.

Mr. Massee reports that specimens of A. Leemingie, E. & E.,
sent to him March 7, 1893, ** Are quite distinct from G. melioloides,
B. & C., and G. Curtisii, B.” What the true status of the question
is will probably soon come to light. In the meantime we prefer
to maintain the specific name quoted above. AR
Asterina sp. indet. On petioles of Galax aphylla, Brushy Mt.

Belonging to type B. Journal of Mycology 1: 135 (J. B. E.).
Dimerosporium Galactis, E. & E., n. sp.

Penicillium candidum, Lic. On Lemanea torulosa, Dickey Creek.
Hypoxylon cohærens, Pers. On tree stumps, White Top.
Marasmius rotula, Scop. On decorticated bark, White Top.
Lentinus Lecontei, Fr. White Top.

Polyporus hirsutus, Fr. Top of Pond Mt.

Polyporus versicolor, Fr. Marion.

Irpex Tulipifereg, Fr. On cherry trees, Marion.

Stereum complicatum, Fr. Marion. `

Stereum versicolor, Fr. Marion.

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MEMOIRS TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB.—PLATE 82.

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MEMOIRS

OF THE

TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB.

VOL: IV.

` AN ENUMERATION

N
—OF THE—

J PLANTS COLLECTED IN BOLIV

BY MIGUEL BANG,

WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW GI
SE AND SPECIES. —

MEMOIRS

OF THE

IORREY BOTANICAL CLUB.

Vol. IV. : No. 5.

On the Collections of Mr. Miguel Bang in Bolivia.—Part Il,
By Henry H. Russy.

CORRECTIONS, ADDITIONS AND NOTES REFERRING
IO FART ES

The examination of additional material communicated by Mr.
Bang since the publication of the first part, and an opportunity for
critical examinations at the Kew Herbarium, have made possible
the clearing up of many doubtful points. Several errors have also
been detected by the author or by the correspondents cited, and
some of the descriptions of new forms are perfected through the
receipt of the parts missing when the original descriptions were
drawn up.

Several numbers of the first thousand inadvertently omitted from
Part I. are here inserted.
863. Published as « Berberis Boliviana Lech?" is
BERBERIS DIVARICATA sp. n.

o o-
Sether, the largest nearly 3 cm. long by 1 cm. broad, inequilater-
ally oblanceolate, the base cuneate, sessile, the apex cuspidate,
thick, minutely revolute, the midrib and 6-8 pairs of principal

* Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, III., Part 3-
Mem. Torr. Bor. Crus, Vol. IV., Part 3, Sig. 1, March 10, 1895.

204

veins prominent, reticulate, glabrous both sides; raceme solitary,

sessile, about 8 (5-10) flowered, pendulous, the rhachis and pedicels

(1 cm. long) blackish when dry, the bracts subulate, 3 mm. long;

sepals about 3, petals about 6 mm. long; fruit not seen.

The same collected by Pearce, at Pelechuco, Peru.

857. Berberis rectinervia Rusby. This now appears to me distinct
from Pearce’s La Banca specimen, which has spines 3-parted
above the base, the leaves spiny-toothed and with a different
venation.

826. Vochysia Bolivana Rusby. Fruit characters, taken from a
specimen collected by Pearce at Moro, 4000-5000 feet altitude,
and deposited at Kew, are as follows:

24 mm. long by 8-10 mm. broad, oblong, both ends rounded»
angled and channelled, rugose and papillose, blackish, on a pe-
duncle more than half as long.

683. Published as “Caopia tomentosa (R. and P.) Kuntze, provi-
sionally " is

CAOPIA CRASSA sp. n.

Except upper surface of leaf, entire plant densely ferruginous ;
branchlets angular, stout; petioles stout, channelled, 1—1.5 cm.
long ; blade 7-15 cm. long, 2.5—5 cm. broad, lanceolate, base round-
ed, apex acuminate, thick and rigid, faintly revolute, midrib strong
. and prominent below, principal veins 15—18 pairs, reticulate, above
smooth and shining, yellowish green when dry; panicles pe-
duncled, 5-7 cm. broad, 3-4 cm. long exclusive of peduncles;
pedicels very stout, strongly angled, 4-5 mm. long, articulated to
branchlets 1.5-2 mm. long, the articulation swollen; sepals oval,
obtusish, 8 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, very thick, smooth and shin-
ing within; petals about as long, broader, densely pilose-fringed,
spotted only above the middle; squamae small, thick and fleshy,
triangular-ovate, pilose; ovary broadly ovoid, papillose, the styles,
just after the fall of the petals slightly longer than the ovary. .

Very near C. Brasiliensis, which has leaves less shining above

and oblanceolate sepals. The same as Rusby's 1810; also col- .

lected by Pearce at Sandillani.
741. CLUSIA RAMOSA sp. n.

Much branched, the branchlets recurved, dark reddish brown;
petioles 5-8 mm. long, boat-shaped, the upper partly enfolding
the buds; blade of larger leaves 10-15 cm. long, 5-7 cm. broad,
the upper rapidly diminishing in size, obovate, the base obtusish,
the apex beautifully rounded, very thick, the margin sharply revo-
lute, midrib and veins very prominent below, the latter 35—59

205

pairs, anastomosing about I mm. from the margin, glabrous both

sides, pale or glaucous above, flavescent beneath i in drying; pedun-

cles 1-2 cm. long, panicle proper 3-4 cm. long and broad, rather
few-flowered; bracts resembling the upper petioles, but shorter,
thinner and lighter colored; flowers sub-sessile, in threes, the
mature obovoid-globose buds about 4 mm. in diameter; staminate
flowers only seen; anthers distinct, quadrangular in transverse sec-
si narrowed downward, the filaments for the most part united

nto a conical or Wei mass. Very near C. Criuva Camb. One

Reeg by Pearce at Santa Cruz is possibly the same.

Unduavi, March, 1891.

390. Distributed and enumerated as Marcgraavia peduncularis
Poepp. Mss. is Norantea peduncularis Poepp. ex Wittm. Mart.
Fl. Bras. Marc. 238.

953. Published as probably a Malveopsis is determined by Mr. E.
Baker to be Modiolastrum malvacfolium (Griseb.) R. Schum.
Mart. Fl. Bras. 13: 3, 277 (Modiola malvacfolia Griseb. Symb.
Fl. Arg. 45).

114. Malva parviffora L. Pl. Nov. Am. Acad. 3: 416. Vic. La
Paz. 10,000 ft. 1889.

409. Pavonia paniculata Cav. Diss. 3: 135. pl. 46. f. 2. Yungas,
1890. :

545. Pavona Typhalea e Cav. Diss. 2: 134. Yungas, 1890—
Rusby's 1487.

647. Gossypium maritimum Todaro, var. polycarpum Todaro, Rel.
Cult. Cott. ai VIII. Yungas, 1890—Rusby’s 659.

931. Ayenia Boliviana Rusby. The fruit characters, taken from
Mandon’s No. 1508, Herb. Kew, are as follows:
Depressed-globose, 4 mm. broad, 3 mm. long, deeply 5-lobed,

SET brown, finely pubescent, coarsely aud sparsely green- muri-

= Brittonella pilosa Rusby, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 20: 430. Vic.
Cochabamba, 1891.

315. Oxalis medicaginea HBK. Nov. Gen. 5: 241. Yungas, 1890.

348. Erythrochiton Brasiliensis Nees et Mart. Nov. Act. Nat. Cur.
I1: 170. pl. 25 (1823).

848. Published as « Trichilia ovalis” is GUAREA OVALIS.

829. Alzatea verticillata R. & P. Fl. Per. 3: 20. pl. 241. Songo,
Nov. 1891.

206

987. Published as “ Cardiospermum Halicacabum L” is C. Corindum
L. Sp. PL ed. 2, $26.

879. PAULLINIA BOLIVIANA Radlk. sp. n.

In sectione * Caloptilon" (capsula trialata, alis endocarpii in-
gressu chartaceis persistentibus, sepalis 5 liberis) quodammado
affinis Paulliniae acutangulae Pers. Pube molliore vel subnulla
induta; rami e triangulari 3-6-sulcati, corpore lignoso simplici ;
folia 5 EE KEE foliola elliptico-lanceolata, supra medium
remote serrato-dentata, punctis lineolisque pellucidis ramificatis
ornata; stipulae lineari-subulatae; thyrsi solitarii, graciles, pube-
ruli ; fructus trialatus, obovatus, minor; seminis testa glabra

orma I, genuina. Molliter pubescens Cochabamba 1890,

Bang. n. 879. (Serjania sp. Rusby in Enum. p. 17, excl. obs.

“very near 413," quae Sevjania re Camb).

Forma 2, glabrescens. Pube vix ulla nisi in foliis circa articula-
tiones et ad nervos adspersa. Guanai 1886, Rusby n. 529. (Paut-
linia sp. Britton in Bull. Torr. Club, 16: 191). :
923. SCHINUS DIVERSIFOLIA a n.

Glabrous. Branchlets 2-3 dm. long, slender, patulous, at
length bright red; petioles 1-2 cm. long, narrowly margined, the
leaflets 5-9, the upper frequently not at all or imperfectly separated
from the terminal, narrowly decurrent upon the rhachis, very un-
equal, the Vues 1—2.5 cm. long and 3-8 mm. broad, the terminal
1.5—4 cm. long and 5-15 mm. broad, outline irregular, the lateral
mostly oblong to slightly ere the terminal lanceolate to
angularly ovoid, the base abruptly tapering, the apex rounded but
minutely mucronate, thickish, pale, the veins obscure; panicles

only 2-4 cm. long and broad, lax, the rhachis flexuous ; pedicels
slender, one and one-half to twice the length of the flower, which
is minute, about 2 mm. broad when fully expanded.

Vic. Cochabamba, 1891. The leaves said to possess medicinal

virtues.

756. Published as * Caesalpinia rosulata sp. n." is regarded by Dr.
d as identical with C. Fisheriana, and I defer to his
judgme

822. Ree as “ Erythrina Cristi-Galli L." Dr. Taubert refers
to Æ. falcata Benth.

936. Published as * Szy/osauthes hamata (L.) Taubert ? " is

STYLOSANTHES Bancii Taub. sp. n.

Caulis herbaceus vel basi sublignosus, simplex vel pe ram-
osus, angulatus, hispido-setosus insuperque praesertim superne
villosulus; stipulae striatae, vagina processus blesse fere pupie :

201

superante; folia rhachide brevissima, foliatis vix petiolulatis lan-

ceolato-oblongis, apice mucr ner _subsetoso- ciliatis, utrinque sed

supra obsolete hispidis; spica ispido-

setosis; seta bracteam Be AE bifidam ciliatam plerumque

aequans; legumen plerumque biarticulatum, articulo inferiore tamen

raro plane evoluto leviter pubescente, superiore glabro, reticulato-
nat

o.
Radix crassa lignosa multiceps. Caules 5-20 cm. altos, setis in-
ferne incrassatis erectis vel subpatentibus praecipue ad angulos
hispidos emittentes. Stipulae parce subhispido-setosae insuperque
parce villosulae, vagina 6-7 mm. longa saepius purpureo-colorata,
processibus 3-4 mm. insert Petioli pars libera subsetoso-
hirsuta, processus superans. Folia rhachide 1.5 mm. longa; foliolis
rigidis, maximis 13 mm. lon ngis, 3.5 mm. latis, supra obscure,
subtus prominenti-nervosis, utrinque, subtus praecipue, tribis raris
hispidis nodis insidentibus munitis, supra tamen saepe subglabris.
Spicae I-1.5 cm. longae; bractea primaria stipuliformis, saepissime
foliolum terminale gerens, plerumque purpureo-colorata; secundaria
ne oblonga, bifida, margine ciliata, 3.5-4 mm. longa, 2.5
m. lata ; seta prophylla lineari- lanceolata 3.5 mm. longa aequans,
re superans, parce plumosa. Calycis tubus parte stipuliformi
striata 6 mm. longa, ampliata cum dentibus subciliatis 3 mm.
attingente. Corolla flava tubi calycini parte ampliata duplo longior.
Legumen articulo inferiore vix 2 mm. longo, superiore (cum rostro
uncinato rec urvo) 4 5 mm. longo, 2.5 mm. lato, utrinque longi-
tudinaliter bicosta
Habitat in Bolivia, Vic. Cochabamba.
Obs. Stirps inter sect. Styposanthes species S. sympoatali Taub.
affinis, leguminis articulo superiore glabro aliisque notis distat.

780. Read “ Escallonia Mandoni."

337- Drosera uniffora Willd. En. Hort. Berol. 340.

533 and 615, a, published as “ Micrampeles macrocarpa (Britton)
Rusby " is M. Rusbyi Greene, Prof. E. L. Greene (Erythea, 1
138) having reminded us that the former name is pre-occupied.

171. Caiophora sp. n. Soon to be described by Urban and Gilg.

406. BEGONIA ANTIOQUIENSIS (A. DC.) Casparya Antioquiensis A.
DC. Ann. Sci. Nat. (IV.) 11: 161 (1859). Compared with
the type, Triana's 3041, Antioquia, New Grenada.

I8. Published as Opuntia, is Cereus melanctrichis K. Sch., accord-
ing to Dr. Schumann.

175. Cereus lasianthus K. Sch., according to Dr. Schumann.

208

176. Cereus lasianthus K: Sch. Soon to be described by Dr.
Schumann.

177. A mixture of Cacti which cannot well be corrected here.

384. Sabicea cinerea Aubl. Pl. Guian. 1: 192. pl. 75. Yungas, 1890.

510. Cinchona Pahudiana Howard, Nuev. Quin. pl. 27.

418. Published as Malanea grandis Rusby, is ELAEAGIA GRANDIS
Rusby.

355 and 858. Psychotria (Mapourea) niveobarbata Muell. Arg. in
Mart. Fl. Bras. 6: 6, 401. Yungas, 1890, and Songo. Nov.
1891. The same as Glaziou's Rio, 7684.

404. Psychotria Bangü. Fruit 4 mm. long, the base slightly
contracted, conspicuously sulcate :

376. * Spermacoce tenuior L. Sp. PI. 102.

473. SPERMACOCE BROWNII sp. n.

Stems slender, erect or reclining, 2 to 5 dm. long, light brown,
deeply 4-grooved, above sparsely hispidulose-pubescent, the inter-
nodes 5-7 cm. long; branches few and slender; stipules’ rich

the laciniae 5 mm. long, very slender ; leaves tapering into a very
short margined slightly ciliate petiole, the larger 6-8 cm. long by .
2—2.5 cm. broad, the floral 3-4 cm. long by 4-7 mm. broad, ob-
long, perte to both ends, but scarcely acte: thin, pale, the mid-
rib and 6—7 pairs of primary veins slender but very prominent,
étoile disposed, both sides grade sparsely pubescent,
the pubescence slightly harsh; whorls compact, many-flowered,
1-1.5 cm. broad; floral scales narrowly Gë, white, en but
approximately as long as the flowers; calyx-tube bconical, in flower
about 2 mm. long, the lobes 1 mm. long and two-thirds as broad,
enlarging in fruit, ovate, obtuse, densely hirsute ; corolla but little
exceeding the calyx, the oblong lobes nearly twice the length of
the narrow blackish tube, whitish- -yellow, tufted at the apex; anthers
ovate-oblong, a little longer than broad; seeds. oblong-linear,
slightly curved, 2 mm. long. Near S. scabrosoides C. & S.

945. Mitracarpum hirtum (Sw.) DC. Prod.4: 572. (Spermacoce

irta Sw. Obs.

949. Published as « ae is RICHARDIA (?) COLDENIOIDES Sp. N.
Stems prostrate, numerous, and densely massed, sharply an-

long ; leaves closely sessile, pale green, 5-8 mm. long by 2-3 mm.
broad, lanceolate, tapering from the base, scarcely acute when

* Kindly determined by Mr. N. E. Brown.

209

spread out, rigid, revolute, above nearly glabrous, below setose,
densely massed about the flowers ` calyx-tube globoid, 1 mm. long,
a little broader, teeth 4, triangular-subulate, acute, as long as the
tube, 14 as broad, densely setose, the intermediate ones obsolete ;
corolla glabrous, the tube very short, the lobes ovate, obtuse,
scarcely 1 mm. long ; anthers broadly ovate ; mature fruit not seen,
apparently hispid, separable from the base into 2 nutlets without
leaving an axis.

937. Published as “ Borreria" is STAELIA FILIFOLIA sp. n.

Root vertical, stout, woody, stems several to numerous, 5-10
cn. long, slender, ascending, sparingly branched, at first densely,
at length sparsely leafy, scabrous; sheaths of the stipules
brown, 2 mm. broad, .5 mm. long, a transverse ridge at the
middle portion, the few setae white, very slender, 1-2 mm.
long; leaves filiform, acute, 3-8 mm. long, grayish-hispid ;

form, the others obsolete or nearly so; corolla-tube cylindra-

ceous, slightly dilated upward, equalling the calyx-teeth, the lobes

% as long, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse; anthers oblong, nearly I

mm. long, % as broad. Mature fruit not seen. Very near S.

thymoides C. & S.

247. Published as “ Vernonia paucifolia sp. n.” is V. HERBACEA
(Vell.) (Chrysocoma herbacea Vell. Fl. Flum. 330; 8: 4 29
1825) — V. obovata Less. Linnaea (1829) 279).

86. Published as « Stevia compacta Benth.?" is SrEviA BANGII sp. n.

? mm. long, lance-ovate. Mature akene not seen.
— Rusby's 1613, but not Mandon's 244.
611. Published as “ Stevia stenocephala Sch. Bip?” is STEVIA NE-
GLECTA sp. n.
Stems tall, coarse and weak, widely branching, terete, bright
red, above minutely and sparsely pubescent, foliage scanty, tran-

210

sient, drying blackish; larger leaves 5 cm. long by 2 cm. broad, `

passing gradually into the floral, which are 1 cm. long by 5 mm.
broad, lance-ovate, sessile, blunt, obscurely coarse-toothed to en-
tire, thin, pale beneath; heads at length solitary and loosely racemed
along the branches of the panicle, erect on peduncles 1 mm. long;
involucre 5 mm. long by 1 mm. broad, the scales lance-oblong,
acute, finely many-nerved; mature akene black, narrowly linear-
oblanceolate, sharply angled, the edges serrulate, 4 mm. long;
narrow lower portion of corolla-tube blackish, 1 mm. long, hirsute,
the dilated portion 2 mm. long, twice as broad as the lower
glabrous, or nearly so, yellowish white, the lobes similar, ob-
long, 1 mm. long, spreading or reflexed; pappus reduced to a
circle of short teeth.

Not the same as Matthews' 1130 or 1335, nor Mandon's 244
though it resembles all of them.

260. This has since been compared with Mandon's type of Stevia
Boliviensis, and found to agree perfectly. It has a rhizomatous
base.

868. Addisonia virgata Rusby, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 20:432. Vic.
Cochabamba, 1891.

254. Distributed as * Eupatorium Guadalupense ?” is EUPATORIUM
STIPULIFERUM Sp. n.

Stems slender, widely branching, terete, whitish, above puberu-
lent; leaves ternate (or opposite?), petioles 1.5-2 cm. long, very
slender, the base gradually dilated and 3-ribbed, bearing in their
axils several small leaves (5 mm. long) similar to the normal
ones, which are 3-7 cm. long, 3-5 cm. broad, truncate to cordate,
and slightly decurrent on the petiole, acuminate or acute, coarsely
toothed, the teeth short, unequal, blunt, thinly membranaceous,
slenderly 3-nerved from the apex of the petiole, sparingly veined,
sparsely and very minutely strigose both sides, dark above, pale be-
neath; inflorescence paniculate, the branches leafy-bracted, panicles
10-15 cm. long, 5-7 cm. broad, pyramidal, lax; heads on capillary
peduncles 3-5 mm. long, the latter subtended by subulate bracts,
the heads 5 mm. long; scales of the involucre about 8, with green
midrib and 2-4 nerves, the outer lanceolate, acuminate and pungent,
the inner oblong to obl late, less acute, puberul tlike the e
cels; mature akene with pappus nearly double the length of the
involucre; akene black, 2 mm. long, obconical with acutely taper-
ing base, very acutely angled, the angles hispid ; pappus and corolla
3 mm. long, the latter regularly cylindrical.

— Matthews' 1369, and Spruce's 3914.

Species near Æ, conglobatum DC.

211

867. Eupatorium longipetiolatum Sch. Bip. This was also collected

by Matthews, Chachapoya, No. 3062.

696. Distributed as « Willoughbya cordifolia (L) Kuntze” is W.

MICRANTHA (H.B.K.) (Mikania micrantha H.B.K).

100. Erigeron spiculosum H. & A. Bot. Beech. Voy. 1: 32. Vic.

La Paz, 10,000 ft., 1889.

802. Perhaps Baccharis caespitosa Pers. Syn. 2: 425. A speci-
men collected by Ball is doubtfully so named at Kew.
941. Published as “ Aster Vahli (Gaud.) H. & A.?" proves to be

Baccharis juncea Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. Ed. 3, 163.

178. Pluchea odorata Cass. var. (?) FERRUGINEA n. var.

A very stout compact densely leafy shrub, upper leaf sur-
faces scabrous, otherwise ferruginous, heads mm. long and
broad, the scales broadly ovate with dark tips, the akenes very
dark brown, linear-oblong, 1 mm. long.

261. Gnaphalium leptophyllum DC. Prod. 6: 226.

977. VIGUIERA (?) GLUTINOSA sp. n.

212

length of the tube; anthers 3 mm. long, blackish, the base slightly
sagittate, the whitish triangular cartilaginous appendages partly
folded; style-branches 2 the length of the lower portion, includ-
ing the triangular acute appendage, oblanceolate, pubescent; base
of style bearing a dark bulb-like enlargement which disarticulates
from the akene; mature akene not seen, apparently the outer nar-
rowly 3-winged, the inner narrowly 2-winged; pappus a single
seta from each angle, the lower portion concealed by the similar

© setae which densely clothe and surpass the akene.

This very peculiar species is in its alternate leaves, and general
vegetative characters, and its sharply angled or perhaps winged
akenes, most unlike the genus to which I have referred it, but I
am disinclined to multiply genera in this perplexing sub-tribe, un-
less the receipt of additional specimens with mature akenes may
render it necessary in this instance.

974. VERBESINA BRIDGESII sp. n.

. Stems erect, light green, coarsely angled, pubescent with short,
someweat retrorse hairs; leaves 7-14 cm. long, 2-5 cm. broad,

. ovate or the upper lanceolate, the apex tapering to an acute point,

the base abruptly contracted into a narrow portion, which is clasp-
ing and auriculate, the auricles glandular-viscid, coarsely and ir-
regularly toothed, thickish, rugose-reticulated, grayish-green or
slightly yellowish, above scabrous, below soft-tomentose; inflor-
escence tomentose, the heads compactly arranged, 7 mm. long,
nearly 1 cm. broad, the involucre hemispherical, the scales in 3 or
4 series, spatulate-oblong, with rounded green tips; rays about
10, white, 5 mm. long, oval or nearly rotund, with 3 slight rounded
teeth, 3-5-nerved ; scales of the disk obovate, acuminate, the apex
ciliate or lacerate, hyaline, finely many-nerved, as long as the disk
flowers; disk-corollas 6 mm. long, regularly narrowly funnelform,
the lobes small, triangular ovate, obtusish; anthers slightly ex-
sert, black, 2 mm. long. Mature akene not seen. All these
characters to be slightly modified as the flowers described are
rather immature.

Collected also by Bridges in Bolivia.
29. Tagetes graveolens L'Herit.(?) —Mandon's 65 and Seeman's

704 from Lima, Peru.

965. PLAGIOCHEILUS ERECTUS sp. n.

labrous, annual, the stems erect, slender, 4-30 cm. high,
somewhat branched, channelled; petioles 1-2 cm. long, chan-
nelled; leaves bi-tri-ternately compound, the two lower seg-

he
ments distant from the terminal by about half their length, the
ultimate segments lance-oblong, acute, pellucid-punctate and aro-

213

matic; heads peduncled, 7 mm. broad, by 4 mm. long, the black-
ish scales oblong, obtuse, thick, about equalling the yellowish
flowers; akene 3 mm. long, 2 mm. broad including the wing,
which is yellowish and fimbriate; the akene proper 1 mm. broad,
dark brown, bluntly keeled, oblanceolate, bearing a short lighter
brown crown. Material too scanty for flower-dissections.

961. Listed as “Senecio,” is ASTER Baxcıı = Tripolium con-
spicuum Lindl. DC. Prod. 6: 254, but there is an Aster con-
spicuus Lindl. l. c. 250. In my opinion Aster Bangi is dis-
tinct from AsrER ASTEROIDES (Colla) (Baccharis asteroides Colla,
Mem. Act. Torin. 38: 14. pl. 25. f. 7).

78. Listed as “ Mutisia viciaefolia Cav.?" is M. Candolleana
Gard. & Field, Sert. Pl. ai 45, 46 = Mandon's 7, Pearce's 662,
Rusby's 155, and also collected by Bridges. The cut pub-
lished in Druggists’ Bulletin, 1888, is of this species.

881. Published as “ Mutisia astata Cav." is MUTISIA CAMPTOSORI-
FOLIA Sp. n.

Climbing by terminal leaf-tendrils, glabrous throughout, except
the axillary buds; branches purple, above very narrowly angled
. by the adnate petioles, where they are densely leafy; leaves 6—8

cm. long exclusive of the tendril, 5-8 mm. broad, regularly taper-
ing from the base to the apex, where they are abruptly contracted
into a slender simple short and weak tendril, the base sagittate,
clasping, the lobes scarcely 5 mm. long, very acute, thick and
coriaceous, dark green, shining, the midrib very strong and promi-
nent both sides, especially below, the veins fine and much reticu-
lated; axillary buds finely and densely white-floccose ; heads sessile
among the floral leaves, the involucre infundibular-campanulate,
about 3.5 cm. long, a little more than 1 cm. broad at the sub-trun-
cate base, less than 2 cm. broad at the apex, the flowers exceeding
it by 1.5-2 cm.; scales in about 5 or 6 series, bright purple,
strongly 13-15-ribbed, the outer very broadly ovate, abruptly and
pungently acuminate, the inner oblong, mucronate and pilose at
the tip; rays (about 10?) scarlet or crimson, strongly 3-toothed ;
disk corollas scarlet, regularly funnelform, about 17 mm. long,
the teeth long, lanceolate, acute ; akene 1 cm. long, linear, glabrous,
purplish, strongly 4-ribbed with 4 partial intermediate ribs;
Pappus densely long-plumose. ;
66 and 791. LorHoraPPus roLrosus Rusby, Bull. Torr. Bot.

Club, 21: 487. 5 ;
736 and 736 a, published as ** Perezia multiflora (H. and B.) Less.

is

4

214

PEREZIA GLOMERATA SP. n.

Stems erect or assurgent, stout, 2-4 dm. long, pale green,
coarsely angled, puberulent, closely invested by the numerous
erect leaves, which are 4-7 cm. long and 1.5-2 cm. broad, lance-
linear, broadest at the clasping base, acute, deeply incised-toothed,
many of the teeth bearing one or two small similar teeth at the
base, the teeth spinulose and very pungent, thick and somewhat
fleshy, faintly scabrous both sides, more so above, the midrib
coarse, impressed above, beneath bearing three coarse nerves; in-
florescence densely clustered at the apex, the cluster about 5 or
6 cm. broad, leafy ; heads a little more than 1 cm. long, 1
broad, the scales triangular-ovate, acuminate and pungent, ciliate
and sparsely toothed, the teeth ciliate, the inner with broad,
hyaline, blue margins; corolla light blue, the tube funnelform,
5 mm. ee = larger lip oval-elliptical, very minutely 3-
toothed, 4 long, 2 mm. broad, deeper blue at the base,
the smaller lip lanceolate, two-thirds as long, scarcely toothed;
anther tips little exserted, the anther 3.5-4 mm. long including
the caudae which are 1 mm. long, the body and the black
shining appendage about equal in length; pappus golden brown,
serrate, a little exceeding the tube of the corolla; mature akene
ide seen, when young densely clothed with long golden brown

airs.

— Mandon's 26, Spruce's 5551, Lechler's 1726 and 1847, Mat-
thew's 633, Pentland's from Titicaca.

Enumeration of Nos. 1-1000, continued.
CAMPANULACEAE. `

Centropogon Surinamensis (L.) Presl, Prod. Mon. Lobel. 48. Yun-
gas, 1890 (500, 642 and 738a).

Siphocampylus tupaeformis Zahlbr. Ann. k. k. Hof. Mus. 6: age
Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft., 1889 (77) — Rusby's 636.

Siphocampylus giganteus (Cav) Don, var. /atifolius Britton, Bull.
Torr. Bot. Club, 19: 373. Yungas, 1890 (738) = Rusby's 638.

Siphocampylus volubilis (H.B.K.) Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. 3: 703.
Yungas, 1890 (256); collected also by Pearce at Buturo, July,
1865. — Rusby's 643 and 650.

Siphocampylus gracilis Britton, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 19: 374
Yungas, 1890 (256a and 644) — Rusby's 640, and. one col-
lected by Bridges.

215

Var. glabra Britton, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 19: 374. Yungas, 1890
(257) = Rusby’s 639.
VACCINIACEAE.

Chupalon pubescens (H.B.K.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 383 (Z/ubaudia
pubescens H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 3: 273). Vungas, 1890 (290) —
Rusby's 2033.

Vacciniopsis ovata Rusby, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 20: 433. Songo,
Nov. 1891 (876).

Vaccinium floribundum H.B.K. Nov. Gen. a: 200. fl. 257. Yun.
gas, 1890 (728) — Rusby's 2028.

Vaccinium empetrifolium H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 3: 263. pl. 248. Yun-
gas, 1890 (708) — Rusby's 2022.

Rusbya taxifolia Britton, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 20: 68. Yungas,
1890 (624) — Rusby's 2692.

Russya BoLıvıana Britton, sp. n.

Branches elongated, slender, glabrous or minutely scabrate
above; stipules weak, subulate, 2 mm. long ; petioles 1 mm. long,
stout, the blade 3-4 cm. long, 10-15 mm. broad, oblong, the base
acute, the apex abruptly acuminate but not acute, thick and rigid,
entire, slightly revolute, glabrous and shining, especially above,
the primary veins only 2 or 3, extended near the margin two-
thirds of the way to the apex, other veins indistinct; umbels axil-
lary, sessile, 3-6-flowered ; flowers not seen; fruiting pedicels
spreading or pendulous, 1 cm. long, slender, dilated upward and
slightly compressed where they are continued into the calyx, pu-
bescent; fruit (apparently immature) 3 mm. long and broad, urce-
olate with broad truncate apex where the short base of the calyx
crowns it, glabrous, dry, strictly 5-celled; the numerous seeds (im-
mature) light brown, lance-oblong, curved.

Songo, Nov. 1890 (852).

In its apparently non-fleshy fruit this differs from the other
species of the genus; but, though resembling Ceratostemma, its
nearest approach is evidently toward Rusdya.

CAVENDISHIA PANICULATA sp. n.

216

. 7-ribbed from near the base, the outer pair of ribs near the margin,
ribs and coarsely reticulate veins very strong beneath, impressed

abo racemes loosely 5-10 cm. long, peduncled, panicled,
the panicle stalked; pedicels 1-1.5 cm. long, stoutish; calyx
broadly campanulate, about 5 mm mm. broad, the

a minute point; mature flower not seen; fruit (mature ?) globose-
ovoid, a little broader than long, the lobes obsolete, dry, , purple-
brown, granulate.

Yungas, 1890 (721) — Rusby's 2403.

ERICACEAE

Pernettya Pentlandü DC. Prodr. 7: 587. Yungas, 1890 (729) Capi,
March, 1890 (766) — Rusby's 2017 and 2018

Gaultheria tomentosa H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 3: a pl. 262. Yungas,
1890 (223) — Rusby’s 2032.

Gaultheria anastomosans (L. f.) H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 3: 285. Yun-
gas, 1890 (487) = Rusby's 2025 and 2095. ;
Gaultheria rufescens DC. Prodr. 7: 595. Yungas, 1890 (667).
— Rusby's 2011 and 2013. ~
Gaultheria glabra DC. Prodr. 7: Se Yungas, 1890 (671).

— Rusby's 2015.
Gaultheria conferta Benth. Pl. Hartw. 219. Yungas, 1890 (707)—
Rusby's 2020. '
Clethra Brasiliensis Cham. Linnaea. 8: 510. Yungas, 1890 (393
and 474) — Rusby’s 2091.
Clethra brevifolia Benth. Pl. Hartw. 143. Yungas, 1890 (717).

PLUMBAGINEAE.
Plumbago scandens L. Sp. Pl. Ed.2, 215. Songo, Nov. 1891 (889)
— Rusby's 1073 and 1917.

MYRSINEAE.

Myrsine flocculosa Mart. Herb. Fl. Bras. 257. Yungas, 1890

(389) — Balansa's Paraguay, 2377.
MyrsINE sp. obviously undescribed, but material unfit for descrip-
tion. Yungas, 1890 (444).
Geissanthus Boliviana Britton, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 20: 140.
Songo, Nov. 1891. (827 and 847)— Rusby's 562; also

217

collected by Pearce at Coroico and Sandillani. Distributed as
* Ardisia."
GEISSANTHUS BANGI sp. n.

Branches stout, crooked, light brown, very rugose, glabrous or
very sparsely lepidote above, leafy; leaves 10-20 cm. long, 3-6

margined petiole 1 cm. long, the apex short-acuminate, obtusish,

pale, membranaceous, entirely glabrous, the midrib elevated

both sides, prominent below, the principal veins about 15 pairs,

prominently reticulate ; panicles sub-sessile, 10-20 cm. ong, 7-10

cm. broad, lax, pyramidal, the rhachis angled, minutely lepidote :

pedicels 3-4 mm. long, slender, dilated upward, continuous with
the calyx; fully expanded flower 4 or 5 mm. broad; calyx black-
dotted, the tube hemispherical,the lobes broadly ovate, obtuse,
erect, as long as the tube; corolla black-dotted, the strongly re-
flexed lobes oval, 1 14 times the length of the tube, faintly 3-nerved ;
staminate flowers, filaments 3 mm. long, slightly flattened, anther

1.25 mm. long, oblong; style about equalling the filaments ;

pistillate flowers and fruit not seen.

Songo, Nov. 1890 (834)—Spruce's 5185, and also collected by

Pearce in Yungas. Distributed as “ Ardisia."

PARATHESIS MACROPHYLLA (Benth.) Britton. (Ardisia ferruginea
H.B.K. var. macrophylla Benth. Pl. Hartw. 217). Songo, Nov.
1891 (861).

STYRACEAE.

Styrax ovata (R. & P.) A.DC. Prodr. 8: 267. Yungas, 1890 (467)
— Rusby's 838.

OLEACEAE

Menodora helianthemoides H. & B. Pl. Equin. 2: 98. pl. 770. Songo,
Nov. 1891 (942).

APOCYNACEAE.
PRESTONIA MUELLERI sp. n.

13 inely but densely short yellowish-strigose throughout ; stems
stoutish, the internode about twice the length of the leaves next
above; petioles less than 1 cm. long, very stout; leaves 9-12 cm.
long, 6-8 cm. broad (larger?) ovate, the base rounded, the apex
short-acuminate and acute, primary veins about 4 pairs, the others
indistinct ; racemes short-peduncled, simple, the pedicels 1.5-2 cm.
long; calyx ample, 1.5 cm. long, 1 cm. broad, the tube very short,

218

the lobes 12 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, lance-oval, short-acuminate,
acute, pilose within and without, bearing 5 squamae opposite
its lobes, these broadly oval, with rounded apex, as long as
the disk; corolla short, hypocrateriform, 11-12 mm. long ex-
clusive of the lobes, which are strongly reflexed, 1 cm. long
and nearly as broad, ovate with rounded apex, pubescent
without, glabrous within; tube within glabrous below the stamens,
bearing a densely pilose, slightly intruded fold opposite each sta-
men and slightly longer than the latter, alternating with these 5

white reflexed tips ; anthers long-acuminate, very acute, narrowly
winged along the middle of the inner face, pilose without, the cau-
dz long and acutely acuminate, divergent, the middle portions ad-
herent to the stigma; disk of 5 thick and fleshy oblong lobes
with rounded apex, bluntly keeled, about equalling the ovaries;
style including stigma, m. long, the ring thick and fleshy, the
stigma ovoid, lightly but distinctly 2-lobed at the summit; fruit
18-20 cm. long, thickness nearly uniform, 6-7 mm., falcate or
nearly straight, obtuse, ferruginous ; seed blackish, 1 cm. long, flat,
twisted and wrinkled, acuminate but not acute, the coma fine,
2-3 cm. loug

Yungas, 1890 (403).

For the generic determination of this plant I am indebted to
Dr. Johann Mueller of Geneva.
Forsteronia Sellowit Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6: 1. IOI.

Songo, Nov. 1891. (850) — Sellow's 7352.
FORSTERONIA MOLLIS sp. n.

. Soft-downy ; branchlets slender, upwardly curved, red-brown
with light brown dots, minutely downy, leafy, the lower leaves
small; petioles 5-8 mm. long, margined; leaves, except the low-

219

*
mm. long, oblong-oblanceolate, strongly sagittate, the apex
slightly incurved, the caudae slightly recurved ; entire pistil about
the length of an anther.

Yungas, 1890 (274). Apparently the same as Glaziou's 14064.

Near F. Brasiliensis A.DC.

FORSTERONIA OBSCURA sp. n.

Branchlets numerous, slender, strongly recurved, 1.5-2 dm.
long including the panicle, leafy, dark brown, minutely puberu-
lent; petioles stout, margined, 5-7 mm. long; leaves 6-10 cm.
long, 2-3 cm. Broad, lanceolate, the base blunt to rounded, the
apex tapering and acute, membranaceous, rigid, very dark green,
glabrous, minutely puberulent on the midrib below, the princi-
pal primary Veins 8-10 pairs, these connected by sub-parallel
secondary ones; panicles shortly and stoutly peduncled, narrowly
pyramidal, curved, 6-10 cm. long, about 2 cm. broad, brown;
flowers on short stout slightly angled pedicels, each subtended by
one or two subulate downy bracts; calyx-teeth open and reflexed
in the bud, lance-linear, tapering from the base, acute, 3 mm. long;
disk 5-lobed, the lobes slightly exceeding the ovaries, rounded at
the apex; corolla 4 mm. long, the tube very short, barbellate
within, the lobes oblong-lanceolate, acute; stamens 3 mm. long,
the anthers one-half longer than the filament ; ovaries short, broad.

Songo, Nov. 1890 (855).

Ecurres Borıvıana Britton, Ms.

Branches slender, reddish, glabrate; the younger portions, peti-
oles, pedicels and calyx very finely strigose ` petioles 5-7 mm. long,
stout; leaves 6-10 or 12 cm. long, 3-4 cm. broad, oblong-ovate,
the base rounded and subcordate, the apex abruptly short-acumi-
nate, acute, entire, upper surface as above described, lower surface
soft gray-downy, principal veins 6 or 7 pairs, connected by the
secondary ones; peduncles more than half the length of the
leaves; flowers very shortly and stoutly pedicelled, the calyx 3
mm. broad, its lobes triangular, acute, 1.5 mm. long and broad,
the base pilose within and lined by a ring of small ligulate glands
of irregular size; disk cup-shaped, closely enclosing the ovaries,
half as long as the calyx, a little shorter than the ovaries, the mar-
gin shallowly and sinuately lobed ; tube and throat of corolla 3 cm.
long, cylindrical, somewhat dilated in the upper third, the lobes
I.5 cm. long; throat of corolla densely bearded at and below the
insertion of the stamens; filaments very short, strongly curved ;
anthers oblong, 4 mm. long, reaching within 3 mm. of the base
of the corolla-lobes; fruit 18-20 cm. long, the joints about 3 mm.
long, 5 mm. broad, dark brown, black-dotted.

MEM. Torr. Bor. Cp, Vol. IV., Part 3, Sig. 2, March 12, 1895.

220

Yungas, 1890 (551) — Rusby's 2381, but apparently not the
same as Rusby's 2380 and 2382.

Amblyanthera brachyloba Muell. Arg. Linnaea, 30: 423 (1859-60).

Yungas, 1890 (461) — Rusby's 2585.

LASEGUEA Mannoni Britton, Ms.

Branches slender, red-brown, scabrous ; petioles 2-4 or 5 cm.
long, the older scabrous like the branches, the younger white-
villous; blades S-12 cm. long; 5-9 cm. broad, broadly oval to
rotund-ovate, the base cordate with narrow sinus, the apex very
shortly and very abruptly pointed, acute, entire, above dark green,
slightly scabrous, below white, densely short-tomentose, prin-
cipal veins about 7 pairs, ne parallel, slightly curved, the
lowest pair with several large branches radiating downward ;
racemes long-peduncled, notes as the lower flowers fall, dense,
the pedicels stout, 1 cm. long, like the rhachis and young peduncles,
roma calyx varying from a little less to a little more than

cm. long, with scarcely any tube, the linear divisions 2 mm
bad. finely tapering, light brown, pubescent within and without,
open in the bud; corolla in some racemes a little longer, in others
a little shorter than the calyx, deep maroon except the tube,
which is colored like the calyx, funnelform, contracted just below
the stamens, and slightly just below the lobes, which are 3 m
long, oblong-oval, obtuse, within bearded just below the lobes:
filaments very short, bearded, the anthers 5 or 6 mm. long, not
reaching to the base of the corolla-lobes; stigma ovate, narrowly 5-
winged, terminating in a 2-cleft subulate appendage; calyx lined
by a ring of ligulate glands a little shorter than the disk, the latter
of 5 nearly quadrilateral lobes, a little shorter than the ovaries.

Yungas, 1890 (402).

DiPLADENIA sp. probably undescribed. Yungas, 1890 (249).

ASCLEPIADEAE.

Sarcostemma incanum A.DC. Prodr. 8: 542. Songo, Nov. 1891
(985). Distributed as * Amblystigma.”

Gothofreda eriantha (Decne.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 420 (Oxypet-
alum erianthum Decne. in DC. Prodr. 8: 584. Yungas, 1890
(615) — Morong's 655.

GOTHOFREDA ANDINA sp. n.

Ste rect, 2-4 dm. long, flexuous, scale or sparingly
biche ben densely hirsute with divergent hairs ; lower leaves
reduced, the others 3-4 cm. long, with petioles 5 mm. long, 1-5
cm. broad, oblong-ovate, cordate with a broad sinus, acute, scabrous-

221

hirsute above, hirsute below, the principal veins 3 or 4 pairs;
umbels long-peduncled, axillary, solitary, 1.5 cm. in diameter, floral
leaves few, narrowly oblong, the pedicels shorter than the flowers,
like the peduncles and calyx white-hirsute; calyx-lobes tapering
from the base, 3.5 mm. long, glabrous within, the tube very short;
disk consisting of numerous papillae; corolla pilose without, glab-
rous within, the tube hemispherical, angled, the lobes 4 mm. long,
triangular-lanceolate; crown divided into 5 oblong-ovate lobes 3
mm. long, 1.5 mm. broad, the upper fourth 2-parted, not append-
aged within; hyaline terminal appendages nearly as long as the
anther, nearly twice as long as the linear callosities of the pollinia,
obovate with rounded apex; stigma-appendages very narrow, ex-
tending 3 mm. beyond the stamens; follicles 7 cm. long, 1 cm.
broad, lanceolate, the apex long-tapering but obtuse, tomentose,
not apparently muricate; body of seed light brown, 3.5 mm long,
.2 mm. broad, strongly flattened, the base ovate, rounded, erose,
strongly muricate, one face concave, the other convex, its central
row of tubercles forming a slender slight keel.

Yungas, 1890 ( 394a and 425 ). This species is very near G.
capitata ( Mart. et Zucc.) Kuntze, but so far as I can see all the
specimens from Guiana and Bolivia in the Kew herbarium placed
under the latter name are G. andina.

ASCLEPIAS COCHABAMBENSIS Sp. n.
Pale, glabrous except a slight pubescence upon the top of the

age, whose sub-rotund apex is inflexed; fruit not seen.
Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (982).
The same collected by Bridges, but the locality not given.

222

Asclepias Weddellii Fourn. Ann. Sci. Nat. (VI) 14: 381. Yungas,
1890 (612).

Metastelma parviflorum (Sw.) R. Br. Mem. Wern. Soc. 1: 52 (1811).
(Cynanchum Sw. Fl. Ind. Oc. 1: 537.) Vic. Cochabamba,
1891 (989) — Pearce's specimen from Pelechuco.

Ditassa lanceolata Decne. in DC. Prodr. 8: 576. Yungas, 1890

(479).

Morrenia brachystephana Griseb. in Goett. Abhandl. 19: 205 (1874).

Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (986
GONOLOBUS ELLIPTICA sp. n.

Roughish-hirsute throughout with spreading hairs; stems slen-
der, rough-fissured, the cork orange without, light brown within;
branchlets purple, the internodes some longer, some shorter than
leaf with petiole; petioles and blades of each pair slightly unequal,
the former 1-1.5 cm. long, the latter 3-6 cm. long, 2-3 cm. broad,
oblong to oblong-ovate, only slightly cordate with broad sinus,
the apex varying from acutish to rounded or retuse, dark green,
strigose both um dimus veins about 5 pairs; umbels closely
sessile, of 5-10 very dark purple flowers; calyx rotate, the lobes
purplish green, Kos SE 3.5 mm. long, nearly 2 mm. broad,
obtuse, faintly 5-7-nerved, the disk inconspicuous; corolla rotate,
the lobes 4 mm. long, 3 mm. broad, oval, the apex rounded or
minutely notched, many-nerved, pilose without, thickish; crown
colored like corolla, saucer-shaped with incurved margin, 5-lobed;
essential organs forming a disk-shaped mass not projecting above
the crown, brown, with stellate purple center; fruit not seen.

Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (992).

Not closely related to any other species. Distributed as
^ Ibatia."

LOGANIACEAE.

BUDDLEIA ANDINA Britton, Ms.

much branched small tree, densely short-tomentose, the
ultimate branchlets erect and striate; leaves sessile, on new shoots
4-8 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad, on older wood 2-3 cm i^ ng by
5-10 mm. broad, lance-oblong, both ends obtuse, entire, thick. but
flaccid, above dark green and rugose with deeply impressed veins,
below white or yellow with prominent veins, the primary 6-8 pairs
heads on short stout erect peduncles, or mostly sessile in a
pair of leafy bracts, globose, dense, in flower 8-12 mm., in fruit
12-20 mm. in diameter; bracts linear, oblanceolate, about t de?
length of the calyx, and, like it, densely hirsute; calyx
long, nearly 4 mm. broad, campanulate, 4-angled, lobed cdd

of the way to the base, the 4 lobes very thick, ovate, blunt ;
rolla a little exceeding the calyx, funnelform, the lobes one- third
the length of the tube, semicircular with hyaline margins; anthers

ovary turbinate, truncate, pubescent, the style stout, about as long
as the ovary, darker, a little broader and compressed above; fruit
4 mm. long, 2.5 mm. broad, oval with rounded apex, the base ob-
tusely 4-angled, 2-sulcate, pubescent ; seeds brown, very numer-
ous, I mm. long, lance- -oblong, flattened and angled.

Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft., 1889 (85) — Rusby’s 2050.

Reputed to be very poisonous.

GENTIANEAE.

Lisianthus calygonus R. & P. Fl. Per. 2: 14. pl. 126. Yungas, 1890
(339)—Rusby’s 1227.

Lisianthus ovalis R. & P. Fl. Per. 2: 13. Yungas, 1890 (520).

Gentiana punicea Wedd. Chlor. And. 2: 70. Yungas, 1890 (655
and 719).

Gentiana sedifolia H.B.K.3: 173. pl. 225. Vic. Cochabamba, 1891
(939)—Rusby’s 674.

Halenia gracilis (H.B.K.) Griseb. Gent. 327. Yungas, 1890 (665?
—Rusby's 669 and 670.

POLEMONIACEAE.
Cantua buxifolia Juss. ; Lam. Encycl. 1: 603. Vic. La Paz. 1889
103).
Mes HYDROPHYLLACEAE.

Phacelia Peruviana (R. & P.) Spreng. Syst. 1: 584. Vic. La Paz.
10,000 ft. 1890 (169) — Rusby’s 1157.

Phacela pinnatifida Griseb.; Wedd. Chlor. And. 2: 85. Vic.
Cochabamba, 1891 (940).

Marilaunidium dichotomum (R. & P.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 434.
(Nama dichotoma Chois. in DC. Prod. 10: 182.) Vic. Cocha-
bamba, 1891 (958) — Manddn's 453, and very likely distinct
from M. dichotomum.

BORAGINEAE.

Cordia discoler C. & S. Linnza 4: 482 (1829). Yungas, 1890
(399) — Rusby's 2051.

224

HELIOTROPIUM (EUHELIOTROPIUM) BRIDGEsII sp. n.

Strigose throughout; primary root woody, nearly I cm. in
diameter, crown stout, knotty, much branched, stems 1-3 or A dm.
long, prostrate, very. slender, the internodes mostly nearly twice
as long as the leaf with petiole; petiole nearly half the length of
the blade, the latter 7-10 mm. long, 3-5 mm. broad, oval-obovate
with acute base and rounded minutely pointed apex; inflorescence
terminal, dichotomous ; calyx-lobes very unequal, narrowly oblong,
foliaceous, blunt, about equalling the corolla-tube, which is nearly
as broad as long and densely bearded at the base; corolla-lobes un-
dulately plicate, very broad; anthers very small, linear-oblong,
obtuse, less than half the length of corolla-tube; style a little
longer than the ovary, nearly as broad, ovoid-conical, blunt,
annulus small ; nutlets 4, distinct, slightly shorter than the smaller
(inner) calyx-lobes. |

Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (950).

Also collected by Bridges.

-HELIOTROPIUM (EUHELIOTROPIUM) ABBREVIATUM Sp. n.

Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (924).
HELIOTROPIUM (ORTHOSTACHYS) ANDINUM sp. n.

. Root strong and woody; stems several, prostrate or ascending,
hirsute, leafy, the leaves mostly more than twice the length of the
internodes; petioles 2-3 mm. long, blade about 2 cm. long, 5-6

m. broad, oblong, base subacute, apex acute and apiculate, stri-
gose both sides, especially beneath; cymes terminal, dichotomous,
the one-sided racemes about three in number, when through flow-

225

ering 5-6 cm. long; flowers sessile, 4-5 mm. long; calyx-lobes
strigose, one-half the length of the ARE lanceolate, tapering
from the base, acute, short- aristate; corolla strigose, the tube
ovoid- -cylindrical with contracted mouth, the lobes nearly one-
fourth the total length, linear-acuminate, acute, anthers inserted
a little below the middle of the tube and reaching not quite to the
lobes, lanceolate, acuminate-appendaged, 4-celled; style very stout,
the 5-lobed annulus slightly below the middle, the terminal por-
tion conical, obtuse, the ovary scarcely twice as large as thé an-
nulus; fruit densely strigose, shorter than the calyx-teeth, broader
than long, the nutlets apparently separating in pairs, attached
near the base to the short broad gynobase, SE a short blunt
inturned apex.

Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (929).

HELIOTROPIUM (?) BOLIVIANUM sp. n.

Root rather stout; stems several, sub-erect, stoutish, 1-2 dm
long, light brown, de nsely hirsute with spreading hairs; inter-
nodes one-half to o thirds the length of the leaves; leaves ses-
sile, 4-5 cm. long, I-1.5 cm. wide, lanceolate, the inequilateral base
narrowed, apex obtuse or acutish, above dark green, scabrous
with impressed veins, beneath yellowish with prominent veins, the
primary about 5 pairs; cymes terminal, dichotomous ; flowers
about 7 mm. long, the calyx less than half the length of the
corolla; calyx-lobes lanceolate, obtusish ; corolla pilose, the tube
cylindraceous, 5-angled, the limb broad, EE pli-

Mise lobed ; fruit apparently only 1-carpelled by abortion and
I-seeded ; seed exalbuminous, cotyledons large, plane.

Vic. Cochabamba. 1891 (926). A positive determination of
the genus is prevented by the peculiarly reduced» fruit; but the.
style is that of Heliotropium. It has the corolla of Euploca, but
not its stamens nor style.

Borago officinalis L. Sp. Pl. 137. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft, 1889

( 38 and 129).

CONVOLVULACEAE.
Tpomoea coccinea L. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 228. Yungas, 1890 (490 and
8

597).
Tpomoea hederacea Jacq. Coll. 1: 124. Yungas, 1890 (534).

bo
Li
[er

Ipomoea Bona-nox L. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 228. Yungas, 1890 (589)
— Rusby's 1990.

Jpomoea—apparently undescribed, but specimens insufficient for
description. La Granga, 1891 (750). Apparently the same as
Jameson’s 5531 from Ecuador.

Convolvulus laciniatus Desv. in Lam. Encyc. 3: 546. Vic. Cocha-
bamba, 1891 (959) — Rusby's 1851.

Convolvulus Ottonis (Chois.) Meissn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 7: 311.
Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (990).

Evolvulus incanus Pers. Syn. 1: 228. Vic. Cochabama, 1891 (970).

Evolvulus sericeus Sw. Prod. 55. Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (951)—
Mandon's 1491 and Glaziou's 13,475.

Dichondra argentea Willd. Hort. Ber. 297. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft.
1890 (98 and 185) — Rusby's 2008.

Cuscuta Popayanensis H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 3: 123 (?) Vic. La Paz,
10,000 ft., 1889 (115) — Mandon's 1479 and (?) 1480 in Herb.
Kew as C. grandifiora H.B.K

SOLANACEAE.

Solanum radicans L. f. Dec. 1: pl. ro. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft., 1889
(1 and 10) — Rusby's 807.

Solanum nudum H. & B.; Dun. Solan. Syn. Ed. 2, 20. pl. 107.
Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft., 1889 (31) = Rusby's 769 and 785.
Solanum lycioides L. Mant. 1: 46. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889

(32) = Rusby's 833 and 835.

Solanum pulverulenrum Pers. Syn. 1: 223. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft.
1889 (90) — Rusby's 797.

Solanum Mandonis Nan Huerck and Muell., Huerck, Obs. Bot. 78.
Yungas, 1890 (238) — Rusby's 782.

Solanum callicarpaefolium Kunth et Bouché, Sec. Nov. et Emend.
Hort. Bot. Berol 10. Yungas, 1890 (259) — Rusby’s 788,
Schomburghk’s 150 and Mandon’s 423.

Solanum tripartitum Dunal ex. DC. Prod. 13: 1, 72. Yungas,
1890 (538) — Rusby's 808.

Solanum nigrum L. Sp. PL 186. Yungas, 1890 (539 and 727) —
Rusby's 802. i

Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam. Tabl. Encyc. 2: 25. Yungas, 1890
(614) = Rusby’s 768. ;

"canini omisi RE ee Mags

221

Solanum incarceratum R. & P. Fl. Per. 2: 40. pl. 176. f.a. Yun-
gas, 1890 (614a and 702) — Rusby's 783 and 793.

Solanum Sprucei N. Huerck et Muell. Arg.; Huerck, Obs. Bot. 67.
Yungas, 1890 (630) A little less tomentose than Spruce's
4352, the type.

Solanum Salzmanni Dun. in DC. Prod. 13: 1,206. Yungas, 1890
(630a) — Jenman's 4072. Very variable as to spine-characters.

Solanum montanum (Dun.) R. & P. Fl. Per. 2: 32. pl. 160. f. 6.
(Witheringia montana var. 3, Dun. Syn. 2, n. 8) Yungas,
1890 (740) — Rusby's 795. |

SOLANUM URSINUM sp. n.

A stout coarse shrub, aculeate with few scattered solitary

the branchlets; cymes mostly peduncled, the peduncles shorter
than those of its branches, the pedicels very stout, shorter than
the calyx, which is shaggy within and without, its lobes a little
longer than the tube, ovate, acute, nearly 1 cm. long, 4-5 mm.
broad; corolla purplish blue, shaggy without, divided nearly to
the base, oblong, obtuse, 2 cm. or more in lengtlf; anthers 9 mm.
long, oblong, slightly acuminate but obtuse, the apex apparently
slightly recurved and pores looking outward; ovary and lower
half*of style densely shaggy, style thickened upward, truncate, 12
mm. long exclusive of ovary; fruit globular, 1.5 cm. in diameter
(when dry), glabrous, shining, apparently green.

Yungas, 1890 (703). Near `S. pelliceum Sendtn. but flowers
larger, calyx smaller and hairs distinct.

SOLANUM PEARCEI Britton, Ms.

Shrubby; branches slender, light brown, above narrowly
winged by the decurrent petioles, and, like the peduncles and

228

benecth, the primary veins 6 or 7 pairs, strongly upwardly curved
toward or into those next above; peduncles 3-4 cm. long, pedicels
slender, becoming in fruit 1.5 cm. long, the cymes dichotomous;
calyx 7-8 mm. broad, hispid, divided half way to the base or far-
ther, the lobes triangular-ovate, obtuse; corolla dull white (?), gla-
brous, thick, divided nearly to the base, the lobes oval, obtusish,
the tube appendaged with scales projecting between the anther
bases; filaments 1 mm. long, the anthers 3 mm. long, 2 mm.
' broad, somewhat incurved, oval, apex and base rounded, pores
elongated, divergent at the base, continued downward into per-
fect sutures; ovary oval, blackish, 1 mm. long, the style stout, 4
mm. long, the apex recurved; stigma terminal, small; fruiting
calyx 7-8 mm. broad, the ovate, obtuse lobes slightly longer
than the hemispherical tube; fruit (immature) -very strongly
reticulate-wrinkled.

Yungas, 1890 (712) — Rusby's 794, though that is a smaller-
leaved form. Also collected by Pearce at Unduavi, altitude 12,000
IL, Dec. 1805.

SOLANUM GILIOIDES sp. n.

Annual, stems 6-18 cm. high, slender, bluish below, green
above, pubescent; upper leaves sessile, the lower tapering very
gradually into a margined petiole, including the latter 2-3 cm.
long, 1.5-2 cm. broad, pinnatifid nearly to the midrib into 3 or +
pairs of lobes which are inequilaterally and irregularly oblanceolate,
obtuse, entire, the sinuses about as large and of approximately the
same form, sparingly hairy and somewhat scurfy, passing grad-
ually into the floral, which are oblong and sub-entire; racemes
peduncled, hairy, the pedicels very slender, 5-7 cm. long; calyx
hairy, the tube hemispherical.turbinate, a little shorter than the
lance-ovate obtuse lobes which are 2 mm. long; corolla light blue;
rotate, strongly reflexed, nearly twice as long as the calyx-lobes ;
anthers yellow, 2.5 mm. long, straight, broadly oblong, the base
appendaged with two short blunt auricles, the pores looking UP“
ward and inward ; ovary scarcely a mm. long and broad, truncate,
the style cylindrical, stoutish, pubescent, the stigma terminal, very
small.

Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (938) — Bridges 400 from Chili and
very near S. pulchellum Phillippi.

-

SOLANUM PALLIDUM sp. n.

Very pale grayish-green (herbaceous?); branches slender,
flexuous, ascending, leafy, obscurely angled, scurfy-pubescent ;
petioles 1 cm. long, striate, margined, the blades 5-8 cm. long.
1.5-3 or 4 cm. broad, angularly ovate, more or less inequilateral,

229

the base rounded, but abruptly produced into the margined peti-
ole, apex tapering, sub-acute, toward the base obscurely sinuate-
toothed, thin, above minutely stellate-puberulent, more decidedly
so beneath, principal veins about 8 pairs, near the margin curving
upward to meet a short lower branch from that next above; pe-
duncles 2.5 cm. long, stoutish ; cymes 3-5 cm. broad, the pedicels
very slender, nearly 1 cm. long, hirsute; calyx 5-7 mm. broad,
lobed half way to the base, the lobes triangular, acute, densely hir-
sute ; corolla about three times the length of the calyx, pale blue
or purple, thin, puberulent without, lobed half way to the base;
anthers yellow, 4 mm. long, oblong, straight, the pores directed
inward ; style exceeding the anthers by 2 mm. filiform, the lower
half pilose and slightly thickened, the stigma capitate; fruit
globose, 5 mm. in diameter, glabrous, red.

Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft, 1889 (64) — Mandon's 406 and
Rusby's 779. Near S. Gayanum, but has not itslarge fruit. The
fruit is rather that of S. radicans. Distributed as * S. Gayanum."
SOLANUM INELEGANS sp. n.

A stout, coarsely much branched shrub, densely yellowish sor-
did-scurfy throughout; branchlets short, stout, spreading, terete;
petioles varying from .5-2 cm. long, blades 6-10 cm. long, 3-4
cm. broad, ovate, base rounded, apex more or less acuminate, en-
tire, membranaceous but somewhat rigid, stellate-scurfy both sides,
especially beneath ; peduncles short and stout, pedicels at flower-
Ing, I-I.5 cm. long, thickened upward; calyx about 12 mm.
broad, divided two-thirds to the base, the tube short-hemispherical,
the lobes 5 mm. long, 3-3.5 mm. broad, triangular-ovate, acutish,
with sinuses acute ; corolla in the bud globular, tomentose without,
dirty yellow, double the length of the calyx, divided nearly to the
base, the lobes ovate, 8 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, obtuse; anthers
5 mm. long, broadly oblong, the dorsum presenting a regular,
slight outward arch, the pores looking directly inward, continued
downward into perfect sutures; ovary and style densely hirsute,
the latter cylindrical, stoutish, 7 mm. long, the stigma terminal,
slightly 2-lobed; fruit unknown.

Yungas, 1890 (709 and 715). Near S. asperum.

SOLANUM ABUTILIFOLIUM BL

_Densely tomentose throughout with long-branched stellate
hairs, shrubby ; branches ascending, elongated, stout, leafy toward
the ends, terete, yellowish brown; petioles stout, ascending, 3-4
cm. long, blades 8-12 cm. long, 4-8 cm. broad, oval-ovate, the
base rounded, apex abruptly short-acuminate, entire, deep brownish
green above, light grey-green below, thickish, primary veins about
5 pairs, strongly ascending; peduncles about twice the length of

230

their petioles, simple or once Lo the flowers simply racemed,
their pedicels stout, about 5 m m. long ; calyx-teeth much longer
than the tube, triangular- lanceolate, 3 mm. long; corolla densely
tomentose without, the inner surface purple, appearing tuberculate
in the dried condition, thickish, divided nearly to the base, the
lobes oe I-nerved and veiny, lanceolate, tapering, acute, 12
mm. long, 4 mm. "E anthers erect, linear-lanceolate, 8 mm.
long, 3 m oad, tapering, coriaceous and rugose, the lower
half ‘slightly arching outward, the upper half straight, the pores
looking outward and upward; ovary very small, densely long-hir-
sute, the style cylindrical, thickened upward, 4 mm. long; stigma
terminal: fruit not seen

Yungas, 1890 (373). Apparently the same as Gardner's 1787
from Ceara. Near Pearce's Coroico specimen. Near S. verbasci-
folium, but stem and indumentum differ. Distributed as “S.
pycnanthemum.”

SOLANUM VALIDUM sp. n.

Strongly woody, nd: branches erect, flexyose, stout,
very leafy; leaves sub-sessile by a cuneate base, 5-8 cm. long, 1.5-2
cm. broad, lanceolate, lint finely strigose above, finely stellate-
scurfy beneath, the margin irregularly sinuate, midrib coarse, promi-
nent beneath, principal veins about 7 pairs, each connected near
the margin with a descending branch from that next above; cymes
sessile, 3-5 rg the rive unequal, stout, thickened up-
ward, in flower 5-9 mm., in fruit 1.5 cm. long; calyx d os |
tube Sé Cé the lobes Minen: obtusish, foliaceous, 8-9 m
long, 1.5 mm. broad, 4 times the length of the tube; corolla dod
e the calyx, yellowish- -white, divided nearly to the base,
oval, acutish, 4-5 mm. broad; anthers yellow, 4 mm. long, oblong,
straight, the pores looking upward and a little inward; style fili-
form, one-half longer than the anthers, the stigma terminal, small;
fruit spherical, 12 mm. in diameter, red, glabrous, shining.

Vic. Cochabamba; 1891 (972 flower, and 1096 fruit). Very .
near S. capsicastrum, but has larger flowers and different anthers.

SOLANUM STYRACIOIDES Sp. n.

more?) cm. long, blades 10-15 cm. lon sien and 6-10 cm. broad,
ovate, the base rounded or abruptly slightly and often unequally
produced, in Spruce's specimen some of the lower cordate, the
apex blunt, thin and membranaceous, dark-green, drying brownish,

231

coarsely veined,tne primary about 6 pairs; panicle puberulent,
terminal, 2-3 dm. long, 1-2 dm. broad, pyramidal, lax, compound,
the flowers racemose, the pedicels slender, 5-8 or 10 mm. long;
buds broadly ovoid when young, at maturity oblong-elliptical, 15
mm. long, 5-7 mm. broad; calyx (in flower) 5 mm. broad, scarcely

m. long, saucer-shaped, truncate with 5 obscure teeth, brown,
puberulent like the pedicels; corolla light bluish-brown or gray-
brown, velvety without, thick, divided nearly to the base into
lance-linear obtuse lobes; disk inconspicuous; stamens erect, the
flaments equal in the bud, but in flowering one elongating to 6
mm. (the others I mm.), anthers 7 mm. long, densely granular,
papillose, brown with whitish tips, oblong, straight, the pores
looking upward and inward, and continued downward into perfect
sutures; ovary about equalling the calyx, style nearly 1.5 cm.
long, filiform, the stigma small, capitate. ;

Yungas, 1890 (522). Betwéen Tipuani and Guanai, Dec. 1892

| (1662) — Spruce, Tarapoto, No. 4327.

This most peculiar species of Solanum inclines, by its habit,
appearance of inflorescence and downwardly broadened filaments
toward Cyphomandra. In its one elongated filament it is the
counterpart of the section Nycterium, with one elongated anther.
This character, the paniculate inflorescense and densely papillose
or warty anther furnish the characters of a new section of the genus
Solanum, which I call ANDROPEDAS.
CYPHOMANDRA DICHOTOMA sp. n. |

Habit unknown, but apparently climbing or reclining, the
branches whitish, with small scattered warts and conspicuous
horseshoe-shaped leaf scars, the branchlets similar, erect, flexuous,
slender, slightly angled, minutely scurfy; petioles slender, but
rather broadly margined, 4-6 cm. long, blades 12-20 cm. long,

9 cm. broad, ovate to oval, base abruptly acuminate, apex ob-
tuse, entire, thin, minutely stellate-scurfy beneath, nearly glabrous
above, principal veins about 12 pairs, nearly straight, parallel,
slender, like the midrib impressed above ; racemes strictly dichoto-
mous, slender, very loosely flowered, drooping and curling, knotty-
jointed at the articulation of the pedicels, which are very slender,
thickened upward, 1.5 to 3 cm. long; calyx in flower hemisherical-
campanulate, 3 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, very shallowly 5-lobed,
thelobes very broad with rounded margin, the sinuses smal and
acute; corolla puberulent without, rotate-campanulate, 1.5-2 cm.
broad, the lobes triangular, acute, 4 mm. long and somewhat
broader; anthers 3-5 mm. long, very broad, straight, longitudi-
nally dehiscent, without pores, the connective distinctly thickened,
filaments manifest; ovary obtusely conical, slightly longer than
broad, 3 mm. long, the style 5 mm. long exclusive of the oblong

TT. wem

232

stigma which is 1 mm. long; fruit globose, soft, 7 mm. in diameter
as pressed.

Yungas, 1890 (519). A very distinct species, distributed as
*Solanum."

Physalis Peruviana L. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 1670. Yungas, 1890 (301) =

Rusby's 824.

BassoviA STENOLOBA (V. Heurck & Muell.) Britton.
Solanum stenolobum V. Heurck & Muell. Obs. Bot. 69.

Branches slender and weak, very flexuous, apparently reclin-
ing, angled, glabrous cxcept near the ends, the leaves divergent or
the, lower reflexed, the principal 5-10 cm. long, 2-3 cm. broad,
inequilateral, oblong-lanceolate, tapering at both ends, sessile,
thin and membranaceous, deep green, sparsely and coarsely stri-
gose below, glabrous above, the principal veins 8 or 9 on eac
side; reduced leaves broadly ovate, acute, inequilateral, I-2 cm.
long; pedicels solitary in the axils, filiform, reflexed, 2-3 cm. long,
puberulent, dilated and somewhat 5-angled toward the calyx;
flower-material insufficient for dissection; fruiting calyx pubes-
cent, 7 mm. broad, cup-shaped, the 10 linear teeth nearly as long
as the tube, borne upon a truncate margin, erect; fruit globose-
ovoid, glabrous, apparently red.

.. Songo, Nov. 1890 (854), — Spruce's 4210, fide Britton. Dis-
tributed as * Brachistus."
Capsicum frutescens L. Sp. Pl. 189. (cult. form) Vic. La Paz,

10,000 ft., 1890 (200).

ACNISTUS OBLONGIFOLIUS sp. n. :

Branches slender, flexuous, knotty at the nodes, blackish,
branchlets light brown, puberulent, striate; petioles slender, pu-

escent, about I cm. long, blades 5-8 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad,
oblong to oblong-lanceolate, the base acuminate, apex obtuse,
entire, membranaceous, bright green, glabrous both sides, the `
principal veins 7-9 pairs, connecting some distance from the mar-
gin; flowers fascicled, pedicels slender, 1.5-2 cni. long, pubescent;
calyx (in flower) 5 mm. long and broad, hemispherical-campanu-
late, 5-lobed one-third of the way to the base, the lobes broadly
triangular, acuminate, canescent; corolla blue, canescent, about
13 mm. long, campanulate, the lobes 5 mm. long, ovate, acutish,
slightly spreading; filaments 12 mm. long, membranaceous-di-
lated below, filiform above, anthers ovate, obtuse, 2 mm. long;
style filiform, 12 mm. long, the stigma small, capitate; fruiting
calyx enlarging and partly closing over the depressed-globular
fruit, the latter apparently not mature in my specimen. :

Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (993). Also collected by Pearce in

998 —

November, 1864, and nearly the same as an Ecuador specimen
from Jameson. Distributed as “ Poecilochroma.”
Dunalia lycioides Miers, Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 7: 338 (1848).

Vic. La Paz,;10,000 ft., 1890 (153) — Rusby's 827, 828 and 829.
Poecilochroma punctatum (R. & P.) Miers, Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot.

7: 354 (1848. Yungas, 1890 (725 and 726).

CACABUS PARVIFLORUS SD. n.

Somewhat clammy; stems several from a thick vertical root,
ascending, conspicuously jointed, sharply angled, 2-3 dm. long,
slender; petioles margined, 5-15 mm. long, blades 2-5 cm. long,
1.5—3 cm. broad, ovate, the base inequilateral and slightly pro-
duced, apex blunt or sub-rounded, entire or obscurely sinuate-

intruded base, 13 mm. long, 10 mm. broad, lobed nearly half-way
to the base, the lobes triangular, acute, canescent ; corolla 13 mm.
long, 7 mm. broad, narrowly campanulate; anthers about the
length of the filaments, or a little longer, oblong, 3 mm. long;
style 11 mm. long ; fruiting calyx 3 cm. long, 2 cm. broad, ovoid,
the base strongly intruded, the teeth erect, rigid, glabrous, with 10
principal and 10 smaller intermediate ribs, very reticulate-veiny;
berry globose-ovoid, glabrous, 1 cm. long.

Vic. Cochabama, 1891 (969). Very near C. Mexicanus Wats.
Distributed as “ Physalis.” .
Salpichroa diffusum Miers, Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 7: 335 (1848).

Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889 (50) — Rusby's 830.

Datura Tatula L. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 256. Capi, March, 1891 (783).

JUANULLOA MEMBRANACEA Sp. n.

base acuminate, the apex abruptly very short-acuminate or
rounded, entire, membranaceous but rigid, green, when young ex-
tremely thin, above glabrous, below sparsely stellate-flecked, mid-

ib and principal veins flat, margined, the latter about 6 pairs;
peduncles 5-10 dm. long, much knotted at the flowering summit;
pedicels 5 mm. long, very thick, warty; calyx 2 cm. long, parted
to the base, the lobes lance-oblong little if at all acuminate, obtuse,
erect; corolla 3.5 cm. long, funnelform, not ventricose, the mouth
little if at all contracted, the lobes short and broad, erect (perhaps
at length reflexed); filaments inserted into a densely pilose ring
near the base, the anthers extending nearly to the base of the

234

corolla-lobes, 7 mm. long, lance-oblong, acuminate; ovary ovoid-
conical, style filiform, dilated at the apex, stigma triangular-ovate ;
fruit ovoid-conical, obtuse, two-thirds as long as the calyx and en-
closed by the latter, brown.

Yungus, 1890 (348). Distributed as * Erythrochiton ?" in the.
absence of flowers.
JUANULLOA PEDUNCULATA sp. n.

Branches roughened with broad, thin, separating scales of
cork; petioles margined and keeled, 2.5-3.5 cm. long, glabrous;
blades 1-2 dm. long, 6-9 cm. broad, obovate, the base obtuse, the
apex abruptly short-acuminate and acutish, entire, membranace-
ous, rigid, glabrous both sides, drying brown, principal veins about
6 pairs; peduncles heteromorphous (always?), the terminal densely
curfy, especially above, the lateral with narrow wings but no
scurf, strongly nodose and corky at and below the summit at the
insertion of the flowers, 2-3 dm. long; pedicels 5 mm. long, stout,
thickened upward and continuous with the calyx, articulated with
the peduncle; calyx 1.5-2 cm. long, campanulate, divided nearly
to the base, the tube 5-angled, the lobes membranaceous, lanceo-
late, acuminate, acute, permanently erect, the leathery corolla
purple-maroon, 3.5 cm. long, funnelform, above dilated and ven-
tricose, the mouth contracted, the imbricated lobes very short and
broad, rounded, erect (or perhaps at length reflexed); filaments
inserted into a pilose ring near the base, somewhat compressed,
the anthers reaching the base of the corolla lobes, lance-oblong,
acuminate, 6 mm. long: disk inconspicuous, ovary conical-ovoid,
style filiform, dilated upward, the triangular stigmas standing
about the middle of the anthers; fruit brown, partly dry, ovoid.
acuminate, I-I.5 cm. long, nearly 1 cm. broad; seeds imbricated,
fixed below the middle of the cuneate face, tetragonal, the truncate
base ascending obliquely toward the back, obtuse, straight; em-
bryo bluish, moderately curved; cotyledons plane, the albumen :
forming a similar but smaller mass, separated, at the other end of
the seed

Songo, Nov. e? (919).

Cestrum Parqui L'Her. Stirp. Nov. 73. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft
. 1890 (157) = Rusby’s 862.
Cestrum strigillatum R. & P. Fl. Per. 2: 29. pl. 156. Yungas, 1890

(631) — Rusby's 815.

CESTRUM RIGIDUM Sp. n.

Branches slender, whitish, branchlets greenish brown, puberu-
lent like the petioles, peduncles and pedicels; petioles 3-5 mm
long, blades 5-8 cm. long, 12-20 mm. broad, lanceolate, the base

255

abruptly acuminate, the apex tapering and acute, deep green,
entire or very obscurely sinuately toothed, revolute, glabrous both
sides, except the midrib which is warty or papillose underneath,
strongly and sharply reticulate below, rigid; flowering branchlts
very slender, leafy-bracted, the lowest leaf frequently curling about
the supporting branch; flowers sub-solitary, the pedicels proper
scarcely 2 mm. long; ca lyx 3—4 mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. broad, regu-
larly cylindrical, the lobes barely 1 mm. long and broad, triangu-
lar, acutish, pubescent ; corolla Mig ea 10-nerved, the regularly
cylindrical tube 2 cm. long, 1 mm. broad, with hyaline base, below
adnate to the short stipe of uie. eae ; the funnel-shaped throat 5
mm. long, 3 mm. broad at the summit, the lobes 5 mm. long, 2
mm. broad, obtusish ; filaments glabrous, except toward the base
of the tube, adherent up to the base of the throat, one shorter, the
anthers globose, versatile; disk hyaline, cup-shaped, 5-lobed, two-
thirds the length of the ovoid light-brown angled ovary; style
filiform, the ae slightly surpassing the anthers, strongly 2-lobed;
fruit not sec

FN AR I 306 (679). Apparently the same as Bourgeau's 2406
and also one by Jameson from Antioquia.

Its hyaline corolla-base, unequal filaments and 2-lamellate
stigma appear to exclude it from this genus, but fruit is lacking.
Nicotiana glauca Grah. Bot. Mag. pl. 2837. Vic. La Paz, 10,000

ft. 1889 (11)— Rusby's 813.

Nicotiana undulata R. & P. F). Per. 2: 16. pl. 30. f. &. (non Vent.)
Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft. 1890 (194)=Mandon’s 447, Pentland
(Titicaca) and Ball (Chicla).

Schwenkia Americana H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 2: 345. pl. 180. La
Grange, March, 1891 (749). Distributed as * Wahlenbergia."

SCROPHULARINEAE.

FAGELIA BARTSIAEFOLIA (Wedd.).

(Calceolaria bartsiaefolia Wedd. Chlor. And. 2: 134.) Vic. La
Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889 (83) 1890 (146)— Rusby's 1055.

Fagelia virgata (R. & P.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 460 (Calceolaria
virgata R. & P. Fl. Per. 1: 20. pl. 37). Yungas, 1890 (325) —
specimens of R. & P.; also Pearce's 127, and Rusby’s 1060.

Fagelia chelidonioides (H. B. K.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 459 (Calceo-
laria chelidonioides H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 2: 378). Yungas, 1890
(720) —Rusby’s 1056.

MEM, Torr. Bor. CLUB, Vol. IV., Part 3, Sig. 3, March 20, 1895.
E

236

Fagelia lobata (Cav.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 461. (Calceolaria lobata.
Cav. Ic. 5: 26. pl. 443. f. r) Capi, March, 1890 (774)— Mandon's
459 and 46r.

FAGELIA BANGII sp. n.

Erect, shrubby, the branches erect, slender, straw- Sans
puberulent, above narrowly winged; petioles pubescent, 3-5 m
long, the base dilated, blade 1-2 cm. long, 6-12 mm. broad, ovate
to lanceolate, the base rounded, the apex blunt, serrate-dentate
with blunt ciliolate teeth, thin, above strigose but not harsh, below
pale, and coarsely and transparently reticulate ; peduncles termi-

nal and in the axils of the upper leaves and bracts, erect or
spreading, slender, few-flowered, TEUER pubescent; flowers bright
yellow, the yellowish-green pubescent calyx-lobes ovate, obtuse, 6
mm. long, the large one 5 mm. the others 3 mm. broad; corolla
2 cm. long, 1 cm. broad ; filaments broad, shorter than the anther-
cells, which are strictly horizontal, each nearly 1.5 mm. long, broad
and obtuse; ovary conical, 2 mm. long and broad, puberulent, the
style red, glabrous, flattened, 1.5 mm. long, the apex recurved;
fruit not seen.

Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889 (83a). Also near Cochabamba.
Distributed as C. bicolor. Near F. scabra. Flowers larger, pèdi-
cels longer, and toothing and pubescence of leaves different than
in C. adscendens.

Alonsoa acutifolia KR. & P. Syst. Veg. 153. Vic. La Paz, 10,000
` ft. 1889 (60)—Rusby’s 1084 and 1085.
Leucocarpus ala 'us G. Don in Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard. 5: pl 124.

Yungas, 1890 (521)— Rusby's 2423.

Vandellia diffusa L. Mant. 89. Songo, Nov. 1891 (883)— Rusby's

1775.

Buchnera elongata Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. 2: 1061. Yungas, 1890
(648)— Rusby's 1 363.

Gerardia lanceolata (R. & P.) Benth. Comp. Bot. Mag. 1: 207.
Yungas, 1890 (730)—Rusby’s 1082.

Gerardia lanceolata var. La Paz,10,000 ft. 1890 (188).

Castilleja communis Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10: 529. Yungas, 1890
(388)— Mandon's 495 and Rusby's 1097.

Castilleja fissifolia L. f. Suppl. 293. var. pumila (Benth.) Wedd.
Chlor. And. 2: 119. Yungas, 1890 (711) — Rusby's 1088.
Bartsia inaequalis Benth. in DC. Prod. ro: 547. Yungas, 1890

(668)— Rusby's 1091.

237

Bartsia laxıflora Benth, in DC. Prodr. 10: 547. Yungas, 1890
(691)— Rusby's 1092 and 1089.

GESNERACEAE.
Koellikeria argyrostigma (Hook.) Regel, Fl. (1848) 250. Yungas,
1890 (275)— Rusby's 275 and 2658.

SEEMANNIA PURPURASCENS Sp. n.

Herbaceous, strigose throughout, the rhizome, stem and under
sides of the ternate leaves deep purple, roots fibrous, fine; petioles
5 mm. long, margined, blades 6-12 cm. long, 3-5 cm. broad, the

long, the flowers horizontal or more or less reflexed ; calyx cam-
panulate, the lanceolate long-acuminate lobes 7 mm. long, more
than double the length of the hemispherical tube, with darker
tips; corolla bright crimson, densely villous, 2.5 cm. long, broad-
cylindrical with slightly contracted mouth, straight, the lobes very
short; disk annular, fleshy, sinuate; stamens attached near the
base of corolla, reaching very nearly to the lobes, the filaments
membranaceous.dilated and gibbous at the base, recurved at the
apex, the anthers lightly coherent, nearly square in outline, white,
with a red nearly square, disk-shaped connective centrally attached
and covering about half its dorsal surface; ovary ovoid-conical,
compressed, hirsute, about half-adnate ; fruit not seen.

Yungas, 1890 (542). Distributed as ** Columnea."
GESNERA SULCATA Sp. n.

Tuberous. rhizome large, stem stout, erect, strongly sulcate,
purple, finely strigose, sparingly erect branched; petioles very
short and stout, densely hirsute, blades 4-6 cm. long. 3-4 cm.
broad, ovate, acutish, crenate, thick, densely strigose above, to-
mentose and strigose beneath, the veins broad and coarse ` fascicles
rather many-flowered, the pedicels slender, unequal, 1-3 cm. long,
purple, white-hispid ; flowers not examined; fruiting calyx bright-
purple, white-hispid, short-campanulate, the lobes erect-appressed,
rigid, the 2 lower separate, 4-5 mm. long and broad (twice the
length of the tube), triangular, acute, the 3 upper short, united ;
disk of 5 separate glands, the two upper large; capsule broadly
conical, 10-12 mm. long, green, finely hispid; style persistent, on
the mature fruit 3 cm. long, flattened and twisted; seeds very
small, lanceolate, both ends acute, light-brown.

238

Yungas, 1890 (629)— Mandon's 500; also collected at Pata by
Pearce. Species near G. Zindleyi Hook.

My specimen consists of one undeveloped leafy stem and the
leafless fruiting summit of another, so that my description is
necessarily incomplete and perhaps inaccurate as to size of leaves.
ALLOPLECTUS SOLITARIUS SP. n.

Glabrous, the branches coarse but weak, apparently partly de-
cumbent or reclining, coarsely and obtusely 4-angled and sulcate,
purplish ; leaves 1-2 or 3 dm. long, 5-10 cm. broad, oval, below
abruptly acuminate into a long petiole-like base, the apex abruptly
short-acuminate, acute, the margin serrate with very small rather
distant teeth, the principal veins 7 or 8 pairs, much arched and
continued along the margin; flowers solitary in axils from which
the leaves have fallen, the pedicels slender, about 1 cm. long, much
thickened near the calyx; calyx campanulate, gibbous, nearly 3
cm. long, the tube small, turbinate, the limb membranaceous,
strongly veined, purple, unequally lobed, the lobes very broad,
ovate, obtuse or acutish, obscurely toothed ; two of the disk-glands
large, the others more or less reduced; corolla deep purple, 3.5—4 cm.
long, the tube cylindrical, nearly straight, the-throat not contracted,
the móuth slightly oblique, lobes unequal, short, erect-spreading ;
free portion of the filaments shorter than the anthers, which are
broadened at the apex; ovary 6 mm. long, style stout, strongly:
flattened.

Songo, Nov. 1890 (856).

ALLOPLECTUS, species certainly undescribed.

My specimen is so badly eaten by insects that a description is-
impossible. Yungas, 1890 (571). Also collected by Holton.
COLUMNEA (SYSTELOSTOMA) BoLiviANA Britton sp. n.

Minutely strigose the branches thick but weak, apparently
decumbent or reclining, obtusely 4-angled and sulcate, light brown,
glabrate; petioles about 1 cm. long, stout, strigose, the blades I

and
densely ‘pilose, 3 cm. long, curved, the base strongly gibbous on
he upper side, the limb about equally ventricose on the lower
side, the mouth oblique, the lobes equal, about 2 mm. long, 4 mm.

239

broad, reflexed ; united portion of filaments nearly 1 cm. long, free
portion I cm., the anther-cells broadly oblong, 2 mm. long,
parallel, the anthers separate; style thick, curved, much shorter
than stamens, the stigma oblique, gibbous, fringed; glands in my
specimen destroyed by insects.

Yungas, 1899 (515)— Rusby's 1352 and 2488, but not Rusby's
2487. :

‘COLUMNEA (SYSTELOSTOMA) LATISEPALA sp. n.

Branches thick but weak, light brown, narrowly winged, retrorsely
hirsute, densely so above; leaves distinctly unequal, the petioles
broad, 1.5-2 cm. long, densely hirsute, like the pedicels and calyx;
the blades 8-12 cm. or more long, 3-8 cm. broad, oval to rotund-

beneath pale, strigose and the veins hirsute, midrib and veins
broad, the latter 8-10 pairs ; pedicels stout, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, diver-
gent or deflexed; calyx hirsute, nearly 4 cm. broad, 3 cm. long,
amply gibbous upon the upper side, the lower side declined, the
lobes herbaceous, inequilaterally ovate, somewhat acuminate, erect,
serrate and ciliate; two of the disk-lobes larger, connate, separate
at the apex; the handsome purple corolla 4-5 cm. long, 3-3.5 cm.
broad at the mouth, strongly declined, the lobes large and rounded,
spreading, the lower lacerate.

Songo, Nov. 1890 (869). A most handsome plant, unlike
any other, except an undescribed species collected by Pearce.

‘COLUMNEA (COLLANDRA) ASCENDENS sp. n.

Strigose-hirsute throughout, branches ascending, thick, ob-
scurely angled, leaves and flowers crowded, erect-spreading ; leaves
sub-sessile, the. minor scarcely discernible, the major 1.5-2 dm.
ong, 4-6 cm. broad, falcate-oblong, both ends short-acuminate,
acute, closely and sharply serrulate, finely strigose both sides,

curved and branched; flowers solitary, on very short and thick

pedicels, mostly not bracted; calyx hemispherical in outline, I

cm. long, 13 mm. broad, the lobes ovate, acuminate and acute,

serrate, densely hirsute within and without; glands 5, the two

broader united, the others longer, all minutely notched at the
cm

240

Songo, Nov. 1890 (853). Near C. aureonitens Hook.

BESLERIA MONTANA Britton, sp. n.

Shrubby (?), strigose and bristly-hirsute, the stems or branches
ascending, obtusely quadrangular and sulcate, purplish; petioles
3-4 cm. long, broad, the blades 1.5-2 dm. long, 6-8 cm. broad,
oval to ovate, base acute or short-acuminate, apex abruptly short-
acuminate, minutely spinulose-toothed, sparsely and coarsely
strigose both sides ; flowers crowded in the axils, the flowers short-
pedicelled; calyx (in flower) 1. cm. long and broad, fleshy;- purple,
coarsely-hirsute, divided half-way to the base, the lobes broad, with
foliaceous recurved obtuse or acute tips; disk annular; corolla
1.5 cm. long, cylindraceous, somewhat curved, thick, hirsute, a dis-
tinct annulus at the somewhat oblique mouth, the base not ap-
pendaged, the very short sub-equal lobes veiny, rounded, re-

exed; stamens and pistil destroyed by insects in all my flowers.

Yungas, 1890 (412) — Rusby's 2425.

Fluckigeria Fritschii Rusby, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 21 : 488.
BESLERIA FOLIACEA sp. n.

Habit unknown, leaves and flowers crowded; leaves sub-equal,
the petiole, inclusive of the narrowed base,6-8 cm. long, blade proper
1.5-2 dm. long, ovate to oval or even obovate, below abruptly
narrowed into a petiole-like base, apex abruptly short-acuminate,
acute, crenate-dentate, very thin and herbaceous, strigose both
sides and below sparsely pilose, the midrib broad and purple, prin-
cipal veins 8-10 pairs, very coarsely and slenderly reticulate, purple
underneath when young; pedicels slender, 2 cm. long; calyx-
lobes 4 cm. long, 7 mm. broad, lance-linear, crenate-dentate, ob-
tuse, very membranaceous, veiny, erect; disk sub-annular, one
lobe elongated, keeled and acuminate; corolla 2.5 cm. long, ample,
slightly curved, little if at all ventricose, the mouth broad, some-
what oblique, the lobes unequal, very short and broad, spreading,
deeper purple than the tube; anthers short, the cells oblong,
parallel; fruit perfectly 2-valved ; seeds oval-ovate, obtusish at both
ends, the funiculus not apparent.

Yungas, 1890 (338.) Distributed as “ Alloplectus ?"
BESLERIA OVALIFOLIA sp. n.

rib broad, slightly sulcate, principal veins 18 or 20 pairs, strongly
curved, the salient, spinulose teeth 1 mm. long and half as broad ;

241

peduncles very short, gray-puberulent, dividing into two short
racemes, each about 8—10 flowered, the pedicels slender, about 12
mm. long, slightly thickened upward and continuous with the
calyx, which is sub-urceolate, enlarging in fruit, its tube 5-6 mm. in
diameter, the teeth 5-6 mm. long, triangular, abruptly long-acumi-
nate, the sinuses acute; corolla about 11 mm. long, 7 mm. broad
(as pressed) cylindraceous, straight, manifestly ventricose, the
mouth contracted, slightly 2-lipped, the teeth very small ; filaments
inserted near the base, ribbon-shaped with broad base, much con-
torted, the broadly reniform anthers coherent, white with broad
red disk-like connective upon the back ; disk annular, the margin
sub-entire; ovary depressed-ovoid, slightly ventricose, glabrous,
the style stout, cylindrical, 8 mm. long, stigma capitate, dilated,
2-lamellate; capsule 7 mm. broad, depressed-globose, tipped with
the style-base; placentae 4, densely seminiferous all over, the
seeds rust-brown, oval or oblong, straight, both ends contracted,
but obtuse.
Songo, Nov. .1890 (862).
Besleria (?). My single flower deformed and eaten.

Yungas, 1890 (544).

BIGNONIACEAE.
Tecoma sambucifolia H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 3: 143. Vic. La Paz,
10,000 ít. 1889 (7).

ACANTHACEAE.

Menvoncia LiNDAVII sp. n.

Shrubby twiner, the older branches dark brown or blackish,
sparsely bristly, conspicuously angled, greatly swollen and knotted
at the nodes, the rest of the plant densely ferruginous; petioles
stout, 5-8 mm. long (or longer?) the older apparently twining ;
blades 7-11 cm. long, 3-6 cm. broad, ovate to broadly oval, the
base rounded, the apex abruptly and finely acuminate, entire,
above papillose-scabrous or strigose, beneath tomentose, mem ran-
aceous, Coarsely reticulate, the principal veins. about 5 pairs;
flowers solitary or geminate, the pedicels stout, enlarged upward,
strongly angled, about 2 cm. long; mature bud 4 cm. long, I to
nearly 1.5 cm. broad, very slightly curved, oblong or linear-oblong,
the abruptly acuminate apex incurved or circinate, the bracts con-
nate, in flower opening along one side, in fruit partly by the other
side also, bearing a conspicuous rib; calyx 5 mm. broad, scarcely
I mm. long, sinuately 5-lobed, glabrous; corolla red, glabrous,

5 cm. long, nearly straight, the light colored tube about half its
length, dilated near the base, the upper half moderately ventricose

242

and more than twice as broad, the lobes sub-equal, the lower a little
larger, rounded, entire, erect, 4-5 mm. long; anthers sessile, in-
serted at about the middle of the orit. 2 of them a little larger,

equal lobes rounded at the ends, nearly glabrous; disk broad
and flat, reddish ; ovary 3 mm. long, angled, densely pilose; style
hispid below, flattened, extending to the base of the corolla lobes,
dilated above, the lobes thick and broad, spreading, concave, equal;
fruit tomentose, enclosed in the bracts, tipped with the entire per-
sistent style, 2 cm. long, 1 cm. broad, oblong-obovate, inequilateral,
strongly compressed, doubly keeled.

Yungas, 1890 (532) Tipuani-Guanai, Dec. 1892 (1707). Dis-
tributed as M. puberula, but clearly distinct as pointed out by Dr.
Lindau. Rusby's 2405 is perhaps distinct, with shorter bracts,
longer and more slender curved corolla, and shorter fruit.
Stenandrium dulce (Cav.) Nees in DC. Prodr. 11: 282 (Ruellia

dulcis Cav. Ic. 6: 62. pl. 585. f. 2). Vic. Cochabamba, 1891

(967) — Mandon's 299 and Bridges' 326.

Probably an extreme form of the same is (891) Songo, Nov.
1891. Same collected by Tweedie.

HANSTEINIA CRENULATA Britton, Ms.

Herbaceous, glabrous, about a meter high; stems and branches
very slender, erect, angled above, the internodes commonly many
times shorter than the leaves; petioles slender, 1-4 cm. long,
blades 1-2.5 dm. long, 4-10 cm. wide, oval to ovate-oval, base
acute to cuneate, apex acuminate, margin variably, mostly ob-
scurely crenate, very thin and membranaceous; panicle terminal,
erect, narrow, loose, mostly 1—2 dm. long, 2 2-bracteolate at the points
of branching, the pedicels slender, 5-10 mm. long, 2-bracted above
the middle, the-bracts. small, triangular-subulate ; flowers erect,
spreading or partly nodding; calyx-tube very short, rotate, its
broadly spreading lobes 3 mm. long, tapering regularly from the
base, a little more than I mm. broad, acute, the sinuses acute ;
corolla scarlet, 2 cm. long, 5 mm. broad (as pressed), abruptly
one-half contracted just above the broad base, dilated at the mid-
dle portion, the upper lip shorter, recurved and concave, entire,
the lower 3-lobed, the lobes rounded, larger, erect; anthers 3-5
mm. long, scarcely equalling the style.

Yungas, 1890 (641). Songo, Nov. 1891 (875) — Rusby’s 1103
and 1818.

Dr. Lindau points out that * Glockeria" is preoccupied in
paleontological botany, and unites this genus with Hanstema

|
|

243

under the latter name. While we are by no means satisfied that
the groups are not generically distinct, yet we follow Dr. Lindau
for the present rather than propose a new generic name.

Justicia (DIANTHERA) RussvaNA Lindau, sp. n. Fruticu-
losa (?) rami teretes, longitudinaliter sulcati, tomentelli; folia
petiolis 10 mm. longis, tomentellis, oblonga, apice acuminata ob-
tusiuscula, basi angustata, usque ad 9X3 cm., margine integro,
utrinque (impris subtus ad costas) tomentello-pubescentia, cysto-
lithis vix conspicuis; racemi axillares, breves, pedunculati, to-
mentelli ; bracteae lanceolatae, 4X2 mm., bracteolae 3X1 mm.;
calycis lobi D 721.5 fü , tomentelli ; flores extus et intus ad
faucem pilosi, tubo 9 mm. . lóngo, apice 4, basi 3 mm. diametro,
labio postico erecto, 8X5 mm., dentibus 2, 1 mm. longis, labio
antico IO mm. longo, 9 mm. in medio lato, dentibus 3, medio 2
mm. longo, 3 lato, lateralibus 1.52 mm. obtusis; filamenta 2, 7
mm. longa, antheris subsuperpositis, loculis 1 mm. longis, obtusis ;
pollinis granula ope 42 ^. longa, 16-23 ». lata; ovarium 2 mm
longum; disco 1 mm. longo; stylus 13 mm. longus, stigmate
EVENES apak ignota.

Anis J. laeviligni (Nees) Lindau, sed pube et foliorum forma
longa diversa.

Yungas, 1890 (379).

VERBENACEAE.
Lantana velutina Mart. et Gal. Bull. Acad. Brux. 1: 325. Yun-

gas, 1890 (585) — Rusby's 922 and 923. i
Lantana lilacina Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. Ed. 3, 392.

The larger leaved form. Yungas, 1890 (219) — Rusby's 925.
Lantana Camara L. (?) Corolla-tube much curved, much dilated,

the lobes small and crumpled, the anthers too broad. Yungas,

1890 ).

Lippia scorodonoides H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 2: 269. Vic. La Paz, 10,-

000 ft., 1889 (5) — Rusby's 920.

Lippra BOLIVIANA sp. n.

Branches clothed with slender exfoliating strips of bark, brown,
terete, the branchlets very numerous and slender, Hier 1.528
dm. long, purplish, obscurely arena the inte I
to nearly 2 cm. long, very minutely scabrate; leaves thick and
rigid, sub-petioled by the narrowed base, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 3-7
mm. broad, oblanceolate, the base cuneate, apex rounded and re-
tuse, obscurely serrate toward the apex, the teeth blunt, thick and
rigid, revolute, beneath purple-reticulate, above rugose and papil-

244

lose ; peduncles axillary, solitary, 4-10 mm. long, very slender,
papillose ; heads 4 mm. long, 5-6 mm. broad, the scales closely
appressed, oval-obovate, strongly concave, acute, ciliate : calyx
ovoid, nearly 2 mm. long, densely hispid, 2-fid, the teeth minutely
notched; corolla 4 mm. long, whitish, pubescent, funnelform, 4-
lobed, the upper lobe deeply cleft, the lower obovate, longer than
broad; ovary oval, about as long as the style, together 2 mm.
long, the stigma lateral, not so large as in the next; mature fruit
not seen.
Vic. Cochabama 1891 (979^.

LIPPIA FIMBRIATA sp. n.

fimbriate; corolla dull white, 5 mm. long exclusive of the lip, the
tube puberulent, strongly curved, its lower third contracted, the
mouth slightly contracted, its large lobe fan-shaped, 3 mm. broad,
^ mm. long, 3-4 times as large and thinner than the others, the
margin slightly erose; stamens reaching to the middle of the tube,
much exceeding the style; ovary broadly oblong, light brown,
glabrous, about as long as the style, the stigma lateral, half the
length of the style, oblong-expanded ; fruit globular, crustaceous,
entirely enclosed in the calyx, with a contracted, flattened, 2-
winged base. :
Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (973). Named in reference to the
beautifully fimbriate calyx.
Its calyx and stigma are those of Lantana, while in habit,
corolla, and especially fruit, it is à perfect Zippia.
Valerianodes Cayennense (Vahl) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 509 (.Stachy-
tarpheta Cayennensis Vahl, En. 1: 208.) Yungas, 1890 (208).
Verbena microphylla H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 2: 272. Vic. La Paz, 107
. 000 ft. 1890 (161 and 161a)— Mandon's 525.
Verbena hispida R. & P. Fl. Per. I: 22. pl. 34. f.a. Vic. La Paz,
10,000 ft. 1889 (8). :

245

Verbena littoralis H.B.K. Nov: Gen. 2: 276. Vic. La Paz, 10,000

ft. 1890 (204) — Rusby's 89 and 9o.

Verbena Bonariensis L. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 28. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft.

1889 (136).
giphila arborescens (Aubl.) Vahl, Ecl. 1: p.15. Yungas, 1890

(584) — Rusby's 2458.

/EGIPHILA SETIFORMIS sp. n.

Branches much elongated, slender, ascending, greenish, ob-
scurely 4-angled, minutely puberulent, the younger parts pubes-
cent, internodes 5-6 cm. long; petioles 4-10 mm. long, thick, the
blades 10-12 cm. long, 3-5 cm. broad, ovate to lance-ovate, the
base rounded and faintly inequilateral, the apex tapering or some-
what abruptly acuminate, entire, strigose on the veins, almost
imperceptibly so elsewhere, shining, especially underneath, mem-
branaceous, rigid, sharply veined, the principal veins about 8 pairs,
highly curved, produced and connecting along the margin; panicle
sessile or sub-sessile, at first hemispherical, becoming ovoid-pyram-
idal with dense rounded summit, the lower branches becoming
distant and peduncled, the flowers nearly sessile; bracts lance-
linear, not conspicuous ; calyx 4 mm. long, 3 mm. broad, hispid,
divided to the middle, the tube turbinate, the 4 lobes erect, equal,
ovate, acute; corolla-tube 6 mm. long, cylindrical, equal, straight,
the limb 7 mm. broad, the 4 lobes obovate with rounded apex;
filaments about as long as the anthers; ovary 1 mm. long and
nearly as broad, 4-lobed and 4-grooved, on a short thick base, the
style 1.5 cm. long; fruit light brown, slightly shining, ovoid with
umbilicate apex and base, 6 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, the lower
two-thirds closely invested by the calyx.

Songo, Nov. 1890 (878a). Near Æ. cuspidata.

Clerodendron fragrans Vent. Jard. Malm. ai 70 (1803-1805). Vic.

Cochabamba, 1891 (975).

LABIATAE.

MARSYPIANTHES CHAMAEDRYS (Vahl) (Clinopodium Chamacdrys
Vahl, Symb. 3: 77.—Marsypianthes hyptoides Mart. ex Benth.
Lab. 64). Yungas, 1890 (654).

Mesosphaerum arboreum (Benth.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 526.
(Hyptis arborea Benth. in DC. Prodr. 12: 132); without flowers
and deformed. Songo, Nov. 1891 (836).

Mesosphaerum eriocephalum (Benth.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 526
(Hyptis eriocephala Benth. in DC. Prodr. 12: 124). Vic. Cocha-
bamba, 1891 (976) — Rusby's 1404.

246

Mesosphaerum odoratum (Benth.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 526. (Hyptis
odorata Benth. Lab. 81). Yungas, 1890(270a) — Rusby's 1417. |
MESOSPHAERUM YUNGASENSE Britton, sp. n.
Herbaceous, ferruginous-tomentellate ; stems strongly but not
acutely quadrangular, deeply sulcate, purple, erect, widely branch-
ing; petioles about one-third as long as the blades, the lat-

Yungas, 1890 (622) — Rusby's 1410.

Mentha aquatica L. Sp. Pl. 376. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft, 1889
(137).

Bystropogon canus Benth. Lab. 326. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889
(48) — Rusby's1406. Mr. Bang's No. 575 from Yungas, 1890,
is, perhaps, of the same species, though the flowers are smaller
and floral leaves are different, as also the toothing of the leaves.

Hedeoma Mandoniana Wedd. Chlor. And. 2: 148. Capi, March,
1891 (785) — Rusby's 1497.

Alguelagum | confertum (Benth.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 512.
(Sphacele conferta Benth. Pl. Hartw. 244.) Yungas, 1890 (689).

Alguelagum parviflorum (Benth.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 512.
(Sphacele parviflora Benth. in DC. Prodr. 12: 256.) Yungas,
1890 (686).

Alguelagum tenuiflorum (Benth.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 512-

` (Sphacele tenuiflora Benth. in DC. Prodr. 12: 257.) Vic. La
Paz, 10,000 ft. 1890 (167) — Rusby's 1407 and 1451.

Salvia tiliaefolia Vahl, Symb. 3: 7. Yungas, 1890 (310).

SALVIA BANGII sp. n.

Shrubby, much branched, the branches ascending, slightly
canescent, sharply 4-angled; leaves on the older parts smaller,

rugose and rigid; petioles of the others slender, 5-10 mm.

241

long, the blades 4—6 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. broad, lanceolate, the
base broadest, rounded or sub-truncate to very abruptly cuneate,
apex somewhat abrupt, but acutish, from coarsely to finely crenate-
serrate, papillose or strigose above, puberulent beneath, green,
membranaceous, the veins slender and inconspicuous (except as
above stated), the principal 5 or 6 pairs; peduncles solitary,
terminal, unbranched, 3-4 cm. long; verticils few and rather dis-
tant, about 6-8-flowered; pedicels very short, spreading ` flowering
calyx 6-7 mm. long, about half as broad, in fruit slightly enlarged,
sharply nerved, the nerves bluish; corolla apparently light blue or
whitish, exceeding the calyx by about 1 cm., widely ringent, the
lower lip about one-half longer than the upper; my specimens too
badly damaged to permit of dissection.
Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (980). Also collected by Bridges.

SALVIA RusBvyi Britton, sp. n.

Weak and slender, minutely puberulent above, widely branch-
ing, the branches brownish; petioles 2-4 cm. long very slender,
mostly deflexed, the under side ribbed; blades 8-11 cm. long, 4-6

The type is Rusby's No. 2414, from which this description is

en.

Yungas, 1890 (422). Differs from the type in its rounded
Ovate more acuminate smaller leaves and smaller flowers, but
clearly of this species.

Salvia sp. !
Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft., 1889 (37 in part, with small thick

Tigid leaves and small flowers) — Rusby's 2439.

248

Salvia sp.
Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft., 1889 (37 in part, with lanceolate elon-
gated thin flaccid leaves and large flowers) — Rusby's 1496.
Whether this group of scarlet Sa/vias of the La Paz region,
represented also by Mandon's 710, and specimens by Pearce and
Bridges, forms a single polymorphous species, or a number of dis-
tinct ones, I am notas yet prepared to decide. Under the impres-
sion that the former view was correct, Dr. Britton has proposed
a name dedicated to Bridges, the first collector. The same view
was taken by myself until the moment of preparing these notes for
press, but it now appears probable that at least two species are
represented. Which of these represents Bridges’ collection I
cannot now determine, and the point must go over for further
comparison.
Perilomia ocymoides H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 2: 328. Yungas, 1890
(358).
: PLANTAGINEAE
Plantago major L. Sp. PL 112. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft., 1889
(12) Mandon's 536 in part, and Rusby's 668; 1890 (156)
— Mandon's 737.
Plantago Virginica L. Sp. Pl. 113. (?) Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft,
1889 (87).
Flantago sericea R. & P. Fl. Per. 1: 51. pl. 79. f. 6. Vic. La Paz,
10,000 ft., 1889 (94).
Plantago lanceolata L. Sp. Pl. 113. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft., 1889

(125).

NYCTAGINEAE.

Mirabilis Jalapa 1.. Sp. Pl. 177. Yungas, 1891 (480).

Oxybaphus micranthus Choisy in DC. Prodr. 13: 2,432. Vic. La
Paz, 1889 (36).

Wedelia incarnata (L.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 534. (Allionia in-
carnata L.). Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (928).

Boerhaavia viscosa Lag. & Rod. Anal. Cienc. Nat. 4: 256, n. 12
(1801). Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (957) — Spruce's 4509, Man-
don's 1008 and apparently Hayes' 732.

Collignonia parviflora (H.B.K.) Choisy in DC. Prodr. 13: 2, 439-
Yungas, 1890 (699 and 710).

unico cS crudi ee aa nn

249

ILLECEBRACEAE

Pentacaena ramossissima (Weinm.) H.& A. in Hook. Bot. Misc. 3:
338 (1833). Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft., 1889 (93).

Herniaria setigera Gillies in Hook. Bot. Misc, 3: 337 (1833).

.. Yungas, 1890 (524).

AMARANTHACEAE.

Amaranthus chlorostachys Willd. Amarant. 34. pl. 10. f. rg. Yun-
gas, 1890 (231) — Mandon’s 1018 and Spruce's “ Peru bor." in
Herb. Kew.

Amaranthus muricatus Gillies ex Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13: 2, 276.
Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (952) — Miers', Buenos Ayres 1410.
Amaranthus retroflexus L. Sp. Pl. 991. Yungas, 1890 (732)

= Miers’, Buenos Ayres 1404. Also (?) Vic. La Paz, 1889 .

(97).

Achyranthes aspera L. Sp. Pl. 204, var. Yungas, 1890( 505).

Guilleminia densa (Willd.) Mcq. in DC. Prodr. 13: 2, 338 (Zllece-
drum densum Willd; R. & S. Syst. Veg. 4: 517 — G. ülece-
broides H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 6: 42. pl. 518). Vic. La Paz, 10,000

ft., 1889 (22).

Zelanthera Mexicana (Sch. Bip.) Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13: 2, 372.
Yungas, 1890 (682)— Mandon's 1015, Linden's 72, Vera
Cruz and Matthews 2058, Peru.

Alternanthera repens (L.) Steud. Nom. Ed. 2, 1, 65 (A. Achyrantha
R. Br. Prod. Fl. Nov. Holl. 1: 417). Vic. Cochabamba, 1891
(963).

ALTERNANTHERA BOLIVIANA sp. n. (954).

Stems prostrate, creeping widely, slender, much branched,
matted, reddish, compressed, coarsely sulcate, glabrous or sparsely
pilose about the joints and ends; leaves conspicuously unequal,
5-12 mm. long, 4-8 mm. broad, oval to spatulate-oval, base ab-
ruptly narrowed, then tapering into a short petiole, apex blunt, or
some with an acutish point, entire or obscurely sinuate, thickish,
beneath minutely papillose or granular, the veins obscure; heads
closely sessile, globose-obovoid, moderately compact, 7- 10 mm.
long, the apex rounded; bracts broadly oval, concave, 2.5 mm.
long, obscurely lacerate; bractlets of equal length, laterally com-
pressed, keeled, acute, one side narrower; outer perianth segments
4 mm. long, broadly oval, the apex rounded, strongly 3 or 5-
ribbed, the inner equal in length, narrower, otherwise similar,

folded; stamen-tube shorter than the ovary, bearing 5 oblong ap-
pendages between the filaments, and only about one-fourth the
length of the latter; fertile filaments 3,the anthers reaching about
to the middle of the perianth, about double the length of the
brown strongly compressed ovary, which is nearly twice as broad
as long, shortly stipitate and with a large capitate sessile stigma;
fruit two-thirds as long as the perianth, slightly emarginate.
Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (954). Near A. paronychioides St. Hil.
Gomphrena glabrata (Mart.) Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13: 2, 388.
Yungas, 1890 (255).
Gomphrena Gardneri Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13: 2, 404(?). Apparently
a young state of Gardner's 2293. Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (932).

Gomphrena decumbens Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. M. 482 (?). Vic.
Cochabamba, 1891 (933). The same as specimens collected
by Pearce, Bridges and Simcaya, and Glaziou's 11,425.

Gomphrena acaulis Remy, Ann. Sci. Nat. (3) 6: 350 (1846).
Talca Chugiaguilla, April, 1891 (812) — Mandon's 1017 ; also
a specimen by Pearce, but not that of Bridges with deep
brown calyx.

Iresine celosioides L. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 1456. Yungas, 1890 (228, 477
and 643).

CHENOPODIACEAE

Chenopodium foetidum Schrad. in Mag. Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berl. 2:
79 (1808). Talca Chugiaguila, Apr. 1891 (799) Vic.
Cochabamba, 1891 (1004).

Chenopodium Quinoa Wild. Sp. 1: 1301. Vic. La Paz. 1889 (61).

Chenopodium murale L. Sp. Pl. 219. (2). Vic. La Paz. 1890
(199).

Chenopodium ambrosioides L. Sp. Pl. 219. Vic. La Paz, 1889
(3) Yungas, 1890 (281).

Chenopodium Chilense Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Gott. 2 (1832).
Vic. La Paz, 1889 (52).

Atriplex cristata Willd. Sp. 4: 959 (1805). H.B.K. (1817). Vic.
La Paz, 1889 (84).

ATRIPLEX RusBvi Britton sp. n.
Odor resinous; thinly and compactly scurfy, the branches nu-

merous, erect, elongated, slender, flexuous, terete, whitish, the

internodes about two-thirds as long as the leaves; petioles very

stout, 2-4 mm. broad; blades 10-25 mm. long, 12-25 mm. broad,

251

irregularly triangular, the base varying from shortly produced to
truncate or sub-cordate, the apex blunt, margin irregularly and an-
gularly several-toothed, very thick, 3-nerved from near the base,
mostly with a second strong pair of veins above the middle; spikes
sessile, simple or branched, blackish, interrupted, the glomerules
globular, sessile, 3-4 mm. in diameter; staminate flowers with
perianth segments 5, less than 1 mm. long, orbicular-spatulate,
strongly concave, thick, black-mottled without; fertile stamens 5,
at length exserted and pistil not perceptible ; pistillate flowers and
fruit not seen
Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft., 1889 (181) — Rusby's 1529.

PHYTOLACCACEAE.
Rivina laevis L. Mant. 3. Yungas, 1890 (574).
VILLAMILLA RACEMOSA Britton, n. sp.

More or less bristly SCH throughout, very dark; petioles
broad, 2-3 cm. long, blades 8-15 cm. long, 3-6 cm. broad, oblong-.
ovate, obscurely crenulate, thin, ess recticulate with very
dark veins, the upper surface glabrate, the base more or less nar-
rowed but obtuse, apex acuminate or acute ` racemes peduncled,
elongated, tapering and acute, becoming loosely flowered; pedi-
cels solitary, subulate-bracted from the rhachis, only 5-7 mm.
long, divaricate; bud oblong, perianth blackish (as dried) 4 mm.
long, striate, mostly reflexed in anthesis; stamens 8 or 12 (mostly
8), the filaments longer than the pistil.

Yungas, 1890 (414) — Rusby's 743. Acn 4 to Dr. Brit-
ton, not the same as a specimen collected by Pearce at the same
locality.

Petiveria alliacea L. Sp. Pl. 342. Yungas, 1890 (506).
Phytolacca icosandra L. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 631. Yungas, 1890 (486).

POLYGONACEAE.

Polygonum lacerum H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 2: 179 (?). Vic. La Paz,
10,000 ft., 1889 (130).

Rumex crispus L. Sp. Pl. 335. Vic. La Paz, 1889 (51).

Rumex conglomeratus Murray, Prodr. Fl. Gott. 52. Vic. Cocha-
bamba, 1891 (955).

SARCOGONUM FRUTICULOSUM (Walp.). (Polygonum fruticulosum
Walp. Nov. Act. Ac. Leopold, 19 [3843]: Supp. I, 407.
Muehlenbeckia rupestris Wedd., Ann. Sci. Nat. [UL] 13 [1849]:
256.) Vic. La Paz, 1889 (132).

Mem. Torr. Bor. CLUB, Vol. IV., Part 3, Sig. 4, April 3, 1895.

252

SARCOGONUM VULCANICUM (Endl). ‘Muéhlenbeckia vulcanica Endl.
Gen. Suppl. 4: 51. Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (41).
Uvifera polystachya (Wedd.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 562. Yungas,
1890 (299).
PIPER ACEAE
(By Dr. Casimir de Candolle.)

Piper Bangü C. DC. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 19: 254. Yungas,

1890 (380).
Piper angustifolium R. & P. Fl. Bee 1:38. ^" Matico, U. S.B
Yungas, 1890 (215).
Piper Lechlerianum C. DC. Prodr. 16: 2, 269. . Yungas, 1890 (345).
Piper Bolivianum C. DC. Prodr. 16: 2, 280. Yungas, 1890 (540).
Peperomia trinervis R. & P. Fl. Per. 1: 32. t. 50. f. 6. Yungas, 1890

(331).

Peperomia mudicaudis E. De Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 19: 48. Vun:
gas, 1890 (331, a).

Peperomia Hilariana Miq. Syst. 89. Yungas, 1890 (224).

Peperomia Brittonit C. DC. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 19: 254. .Yun-
gas, 1890 (329).

Peperomia fragrans C. DC. Seem. Jour. Bot. 1866: 140. Yungas,
1890 (330).

Peperomia Bangii C. DC. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 19: 49. Yungas,
1890 (330, a).

CHLORANTHACEAE.
TAFALLAEA GLABRATA (H. B. K.) iin. come daban H. B. K.
Nov. Gen. 7: 165). Yungas, 1890 (388

MONIMIACEAE.
Garten limoniodora (R. & P) DC. Prodr. 16:32, 646. Yon

1890 (352).

SIPARUNA NIGRA SP.n.

Glabrous except the upper leaf-surfaces, the branchlets eh
slender, spreading, terete, little flattened at the joints, the inte
nodes many times shorter than the leaves; petioles about half the
length of the internodes, divaricate or reflexed ; the blades 8-12
cm. long, 3-5 cm. broad, the base cuneate, the apex abruptly acum-
inate, acutish or obtuse, minutely 'spinulose-toothed, the teeth

253

‚cartilaginous, drying blackish, above very minutely strigose,
thin but somewhat rigid, the primary veins 6—7 pairs; cymes ses-
sile or peduncled, solitary or geminate, few-flowered, reflexed, the
pedicels 1-2 mm. long, in fruit becoming 2 cm. long, fleshy, thick-
ened upward; calyx black, 4 mm. broad, the tube turbinate, 2
mm. long, fleshy, the limb 5-lobed, the lobes short and rounded;
disk in the staminate flowers closed over the stamens, the flat sur-
face centrally perforated, the stamens numerous, imbricated in
about 4 series, broadly dilated, the anther sub-sessile, pistil none;
pistillate flowers very much smaller, central in the cymule; fruit
black, fleshy, globose-pyriform, 1.5 cm. broad (as pressed and
dried) at maturity.

Songo, Nov. 1890 (844), in flower and Mapiri, July-Aug.
1892 (1523) in fruit — Fendler's 2358 (second collection) from
Tovar, Venezuela.

LAURINEAE.*
Nectandra globosa (Aubl.) Mez, Laur. Am. 415. (Laurus globosa
Aubl. Pl. Gui. 1: 364.) Vungas, 1890 (488 and 688).

Persea scoparia Mez, Arb. Bot. Gart. Breslau, 115. Yungas, 1890
(501). | :
Persea coerulea (R. & P.) Mez, Jahrb. k. Bot. Gart. 5: 171. Vun:

gas, 1890 (300.) Songo, Nov. 1890 (833).

LORANTHACEAE.
Loranthus concinnus Mart. in Schult. Syst. 7: 170. (Siruthanthus
|. €encinuus Mart. Flora, 1830: 1, 104.) Yungas, 1890 (213).
Loranthus eugenioides H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 3: 435. Vic. La Paz,
10,000 ft., 1889 (6). |
Loranthus verticiliatus R. & P. Fl. Per. 3: 47. Vic. La Paz, 1889
(139) — Mandon’s 1469 and Pearce's from Orubamba, Jan.
1867. !

Loranthus punctatus R. & P. Fl. Per. 4: 47. t. 277. f. a. Yungas,
1890 (705). | :
LORANTHUS FLEXILIS sp. n.
Glabrous, somewhat glaucous, pale, the branches much elong-
ated, slender, variously curved, finely many-striate, scarcely
broader at the nodes ; petioles broad, about 1 cm. long, the blades,
in flowering stage 2-3 cm. long, 1-2 cm. broad, in fruiting stage
3-5 cm. long, 2-3. cm. broad, oval-elliptical to obovate, base

Wed LU E stig
* Kindly determined by Dr. Carl Mez.

254

rounded to acute; apex rounded to very slightly pointed, entire,
thick and coriaceous, spreading or reflexed; spikes very loose
and interrupted, short-peduncled, rarely equalling or exceeding
their leaves; flowers sub-sessile, solitary or 2 or 3 together; buds
pyriform, 5-angled; flower yellowish, 3 mm. long; calyx 1 mm.
ong, I.5 mm. broad, the dark tube hemispherical, the light-colored
limb spreading, sinuate; corolla 5-parted to the base, the segments
3 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, oblanceolate, the apex rounded, plane
or slightly concave, thick; filaments very short and broad, inserted
about the middle of the corolla-lobes, the anther short, nearly as
broad as the corolla-lobe, immovable, the apex oblique, the thick-
ened connective projecting above; style 2 mm. long, stout, thick-
ened at the middle portion, the stigma oblique; drupe blue, fig-
shaped, 1 cm. long, 6 mm. broad, on a fleshy, clavate pedicel half
its length.

Yungas, 1890 (468) in flower, and between Tipuani and
Guanai, Dec., 1892, in fruit (1659). Near Z. orbicularis. Nearly
Jenman’s 1035 and 4410.

Phoradendron coriaceum Mart.; Eichl.Fl. Bras. 5: 2,121. Yun-

gas, 1890 (363).

Phoradendron Mandoni Eichl. Fl. Bras. 5: 2, 124. Yungas, 1890-

(657) — Rusby 1387.

PHORADENDRON BRITTONIANUM sp. n.
fleshy, glabrous, stems elongated, curving, branchlets
sharply quadrangular, at the nodes compressed, moderately broad-

cent, much thickened, the lobes triangular with rounded apex, 2
mm. broad, 1.5 mm. long; ovary entirely immersed, the circular
stigma not elevated above the surface; staminate flowers and fruit
not seen.

Yungas, 1890 (632).

SANTALACEAE

Quinchamalium majus Droen. Voy. Coquille, Z şr. f. a. Capi.
Mar. 1891 (761).

255

EUPHORBIACEAE
Euphorbia hypericifolia L. Sp. Pl. 454 (?) Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft.,
1889 (2). x
Euphorbia Peplus L. Sp. Pl. 456. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft, 1889

46).
Euphorbia geniculata Orteg Hort. Matr. Dec. 18. Yungas, 1890
(232) — Rusby 891 and 892.
Euphorbia pilulifera L. Sp. Pl. 454. Yungas, 1890, (591).
_ Euphorbia (Stachidium?) specimen in fruit, not matched at Kew,
but diagnosis cannot be made out.
Yungas, 1890 (619).
EUPHORBIA (CROSSADENIA) CYMBIFORMIS sp. n.
bby, glabrous, the branches very numerous, erect, elon-

ucre 4 mm. long, 3 mm. broad, urceolate, 5-lobed nearly half-way
to the base, the lobes hyaline, rounded, fimbriate; glands 4, ex-
ceeding the lobes, their broad stalks about equalling the latter,
reddish, the upper surface oblique, concave, posteriorly with 2
Short blunt lobes ; filaments at length about equalling the involucre
and the stipe of the ovary; ovary 6-costate, 3 of the ribs pro-
duced; fruit deeply 3-lobed, 4 mm. long and slightly broader, light
brown, minutely granular; seed 2.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. road,
tetragonal, 2 faces concave, 2 convex and bluntly ridged, greenish-
gray, strongly muricate and granular.
Talca Chugiaguilla, Apr. 1890 (794).
Euphorbia (sp. n. ?) near Æ. zygophylloides Boiss. Vic. Cochabamba,

o).

Phyllanthus ts H. B. K. Nov. Gen. 2: 110. Yungas, 1890.
(335).

HIERONYMA RETICULATA (PL) Britton (Antidesma reticulata Pl.)
Yungas, 1890. (383)— Matthews', Peru, 1562.

Jatropha Curcas L. Sp. Pl. 1006. Yungas, 1890 (626)— Rusby's
88

9.
Croton glandulosus L. Syst. Ed. 10, 1275, var. Yungas, 1890 (471).

256

Croton Bolivieusis Muell. Arg. Linnaea, 34: 91 (1865-66). Vic.
Cochabamba, 1891 (971). Same collected by Bridges.
Croton (Eucroton) Baxatt sp. n.
Suffrutescent, much branched from the base; stems ascending,
slender, 3-5 dm. high, terete, scurfy, yellowish-white ; petioles 3—
5 mm. long, blades 2-3.5 cm. long, 1-2 cm. broad, oblong to

obovate, the base slightly narrowed, apex rounded, entire, above-

dark green and lepidote, below densely silvery-scurfy, thick, rigid,
involute in drying, principal veins about 10 pairs, straight ; racemes
in the upper axils on peduncles about 5 mm. long, becoming
loose and about 3 cm. long, the rhachis angled by the decurrent
pedicels; staminate flowers smaller than the pistillate, the sepals
broader; petals white, delicate, nearly as long as the sepals, ob-
lanceolate, acute; disk small, inconspicuous; stamens 15, about
equalling the petals; pistillate flowers: pedicels very short, erect
or recurved, calyx urceolate-campanulate, 3 mm. long, 2 mm.
broad, parted two-thirds to the base, the lobes oblong-lanceolate,

sinuses; petals none; ovary densely scurfy, about half as long as

the calyx, the 3 styles 2-cleft nearly to the base, exceeding the

calyx, stout, stellate-scurfy, at the base diverging, the stigmas

connivent and circinate, brown; seeds oblong, brown, glabrous,

shining.
Unduavi, March, 1891 (745).
CROTON (EUTROPIA) PILULIFERUM Sp. n.

A tall shrub, the branchlets short and stoutish, widely divers

ent, densely rusty-lepidote and sparsely pilose, striate; petioles
angled, extremely variable in length, reaching to 6 cm. or more; stip-
ules ovate, 5 mm. long, blades 8-15 cm. long, 5-11 cm. broad,
ovate-cordate, the sinus slight, abruptly short-acuminate, the
margin more or less sinuate, above scabrous, below white (when
young yellow) stellate-scurfy, the principal veins about 8 pairs, 2
or 3 pairs radiating from near the base, connected by parallel wavy
secondary ones, slender, but prominent below; basal glands small,
inconspicuous; racemes terminal, solitary, 10-15 cm. long, the
peduncles 3-4 cm. long, angled, the flowers mostly geminate, on
pedicels 3-4 mm. long, the buds globose, 2 mm. in diameter;
staminate flowers: thecalyx 5-parted nearly to the base,the segments
nearly 3 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, ovate, obtuse, equal; petals
exceeding the calyx by 1 mm., oblong-elliptical, the margin
tomentose, strongly recurved; stamens 20 or more, about equalling
the petals, toward the base pilose like the receptacle; disk flat,
irregularly lobed, small. Pistillate flowers: the calyx more deeply
parted, the segments 4 mm. long, oval, acute, ribbed, the margins

251

strongly revolute; petals(?); disk annular, obscurely lobed, bear-

ing subulate pilose glands in the sinuses ` ovary long and densely.

stellate-hairy, the styles bifid to below the middle. Er
Yungas, 1890 (375). Near C. cettidifolius Baill.

Croton pungens Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. 3: 19.7. 622 (?) Vungas, 1890
(278). ER

Acalypha macrostachya Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. 2: 63. 4 245 (Di
Yungas, 1890 217). |

Acalypha diversifolia Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. 2: 63. t. 244. Yungas,
1890 (377).

ACALYPHA HIBISCIFOLIA Britton, sp. n.

2-2.5 mm. long; seed 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, ovoid, slightly
compressed, light brown with a dark broadly circular plane
caruncle. ;

Yungas, 1890 (242) — Rusby's 1275, the type.
ACALYPHA CAPILLARIS Sp. D. ©: >

Tall shrub, the branches slender, ascending, elongated, reddish-*
gray, terete, minutely puberulent ; petioles 2-6 cm. long, slender,
the stipules subulate, attenuate, erect, rigid, 6 mm. long, the blades
10-15 cm. long, 3-7 cm. broad, the base rounded, the apex long-
acuminate, sharply serrate, glabrous both sides, scrobiculate and
pilose in the axils underneath, much reticulate with dark veins, the
primary about 8 pairs, thin and membranaceous ; staminate spikes
filiform, elongated, the persistent bracts dark, thick, rigid, pilose,
triangular, acuminate, equalling the flowers; glomerules about
4-flowered, the flowers dark-brown, very small, the stamens 8, the |
pedicels at length elongated, pilose ; pistillate spikes terminal, soli-
tary, simple, not more than I cm. broad; bracts very broad, en-
closing a single flower, ribbed, the ribs terminating in long unequal

258

barbellate awns, the longest 7-8 mm. long; calyx small, about

equalling the pilose ovary ; styles as long as the bracts, or nearly

so, scantily fimbriate, unequal; fruit not seen.

Yungas, 1890 (676.) Collected also by Pearce at Santa Cruz,
Feb. 1865. Near A. diversifolia Jacq.

Alchornea triplinervia Muell. Arg. in DC. Prodr. 15: 2, 909. Yun-
gas, 1890 (210).

Ricinus communis L. Sp. Pl., 1007. Unduavi, Mar. 1891 (742).

Mabea angustifolia Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 1854, 365, var. LON-

GIFOLIA Britton, Ms.

In all respects smaller than the type, the leaves 4—10 cm. long,
exclusive of the petiole, 5-10 mm. broad, the base sub-rounded,
the apex contracted and long-attenuate, very acute.

Yungas, 1890 (507). pst.
Maprounea Guianensis Aubl. Pl. Gui. 2: 895. 7. 342. Songo,

Nov. 1891 (831). Ze

URTICACEAE.

Urtica flabellata H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 2: 40. Vic. La Paz, 1889
(127). |

Urtwa subincisa Benth. Pl. Hartw. 293. Talca Chugiaguilla,
Apr. 1890 (803).

Urera sinuata Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat. (IIL) 18: 201. Yun-
gas, 1890 (369).

Urera alceaefolia Gaud. Freyc. Voy. Bot. 497 (1826) (U.
aestuans Steud. Nom. Ed. 2, 2: 737, but as nomen nudum.)
Yungas, 1890 (420).

Pilea dauciodora Wedd. Ann. Sei. Nat. (IIL) 17: 223. Yungas,
1890 (687).

Pilea anomala Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat. (IIL) 17: 217. Songo, Nov.
1890 (894)— Mandon’s 1104.

Boehmeria caudata Sw. Prod. Veg. Ind. Occ. 34. Yungas, 1890
(445).

Boehmeria near B. Pavonii Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat. (IV.) 1: 202.
Yungas, 1890 (328)— Spruce, Tarapota, 3962. Clearly dis-
tinct from 2. Pavoni, but better material required for de-

cription..
Phenäx ballotaefolius (Kunth) Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat. (IV.) 1: 192.
Yungas, 1890 (475).

DD
än
e

PHENAX PALLIDA Sp. n.

Slender shrub, the branchlets elongated, spreading, slender,
terete, purple, striate, above clothed with divergent soft white eid
petioles s stout, 5-10 mm. long, blades 5-10 cm 2-
broad, oblong, the base acute, the apex acuminate, flabellately ei
costate, penni-veined so as to connect the ribs, sharply serrate, thick-
ish and rigid, above finely strigose, dark green, beneath very pale,
hispid-hairy ; glomerules closely sessile, solitary in the axils and
clothing the leafless branchlets, 4-5 mm. in diameter, brown;

rudimentary pistil little larger than an anther, the stigma e as
large as the ovary ; pistillate flower very short-stalked, 1.5 m
long, light brown, shining, narrowly margined, the subulate ber
- and stigma about as long as the ovary.
Yungas, 1890 (341).

CERATOPHYLLEAE.
Ceratophyllum demersum L. Sp. Pl. 992. Talca Chugiaguilla, Apr.

1890 (800).

GNETACEAE.
Ephedra Americana Willd. Sp. 4: 860. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft.
^. 1889 (9).
HYDROCHARIDEAE.
Elodea Chilensis Casp. Abhandl. Berl. Acad. 1857: 47. Lake

Titicaca, 1890 (165).

ORCHIDEAE.
(Communicated by Mr. R. A. Rolfe.*)
PLEUROTHALLIS YUNGASENSIS Rolfe n. sp.

Stems slender, terete, about a foot high. Leaf oblong-lanceo-
late, acuminate, with subcordate base, 6-8 in. long, 114-134 in.
broad. Flowers fascicled from a little above the base of the leaf;
pedicels slender, 2-277 in. long. Dorsal sepal ov: te, acute, 7—9
lin. long, 4-5 lin. read: lateral sepals connat., el.:ptical-oblong,

acute, 9-12 lin. long, 6-8 lin. broad. Petals subulate-lanceolate,
acute, base subcordate, 3% lin. long, ı lin. broad. Lip reniform-

*As this communication is accepted in the form submitted by Mr. Rolfe, the same
rules of nomenclature do not apply as those which determine the names elsewhere.
H. H. R.

260

cordate, obtuse or apiculate, denticulate, tricarinate, 2 lin. broad.
Column short

Yungas 1890 (459).

A species belonging to the section Macrophyllae fasciculatae,
and allied to P. ruberrima Lindl., a native of New Granada and
Venezuela, but readily distinguished by the more dicia cor-
date lip and the shorter and broader dorsal sepal.

PLEUROTHALLIS DENSIFOLIA Rolfe n. sp. !

Leaves oblanceolate-linear or pain, obtuse, base atten-
uate into the short petiole, 114—177 in. long, 172-2 lin. broad.
Scapes slender, 314-4 in. long, 6-8-flowered ; pedicels slender, 4-6
lin. long. Bracts triangular, acute, with funnel- -shaped base, 14
lin. long. Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, concave at
the base, 3 lin. long; lateral ones connate, similar in shape, but
rather longer. Petals obovate-oblong, obtuse, membranaceous, I
lin. long. Lip entire, oblong, obtuse, tricarinate, 114 lin. long.
Column broadly winged, rather shorter than the petals.

Yungas, 1890 (216).

A species belonging to the section Apodae caespitosae, and
allied to P. picta Lindl., a native of British Guiana, but different
in its rather narrower leaves, longer tails to the sepals, and larger
petals, which are not spatulate.

PLEUROTHALLIS SCABRIDULA Rolfe n. sp.

Stems erect, slender, scabrid, leafy, 114-2 in. long, the sheaths
with free ovate scabrid-ciliate spreading limb. Leaves elliptical-
oblong, obtuse, 24-4 lin. long, 1-2 lin. broad. Racemes slender,
I-11 in. long, 5-8-flowered. Bracts minute. Pedicels slender, 3
lin. long. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, caudate, acuminate, 214
lin. long; lateral sepals linear-caudate, 3 lin. long. Petals lanceo-
late- linear, acute, 12 lin. long. Lip linear-oblong, % lin. long.
Column nearly equalling petals.

Songo (907).

A species belonging to the section Caulescentes, and allied to
P. diptera Lindl., but less than half the size and more than twice
as slender.

STELIS BANGI1 Rolfe n. sp.

Stems 17-214 in. long, clothed with two or three long tubular
sheaths. ` Leaves linear-oblong, subobtuse, base attenuate, 214—4
in. long, 5-9 lin. broad. Spikes solitary, 5-9 in. long. Bracts dis-
tichous. conduplicate, ovate ‚acuminate, 3-5 lin. long. Pedicels 1%.
-2 lin. long. Perianth 3 lin. in diameter, lobes short, very broadly

261

ovate, 7-nerved. Petals reniform-ovate, very obtuse, 34 lin. in
diameter. Lip like petals, but slightly smaller.

Yungas, 1890 (458). |

Allied to S. ¢riplicata Lindl. of the section Distichae, but readily
distinguished by its narrower leaves and narrower and more acu-
minate bracts.

Stelis euspatha Reichb. f. in Bonplandia, 3: 225? Lindl. Fol.

Orch. Stelis, 3.

Yungas, 1890 (65 3).

The buds or this specimen are very young, but so far as I can
make out it belongs to this species, which. was based on a Boliv-
ian plant collected by Bridges. ;
STELIS BRITTONIANA Rolfe n. sp. -

Stems 3 in. long. Leaves linear-oblong, obtuse, 2-4 in. long,
5-7 lin. broad. Spikes one or two from the leaf axil, 3-5 in. long.
Bracts broadly ovate, acute, 1 lin. long. Pedicels a little longer
thanbracts. Perianth 3 lin. in diameter, lobes elliptical-oblong, ob-
tuse, 3-nerved. Petals broadly oblong, truncate, % lin. long. Lip
similar to petals, but very obscurely 3-lobed.

Yungas, 1890 (739). |

A species obviously allied to the Venezuelan S. /utea Lindl.,
though the spikes are frequently more than one from each leaf-
axil. The fact is Lindley's groups Monostachyae and Poly-
stachyae cannot be retained, not being constant, even for the
same species. The present plant may be distinguished from A
lutea by its narrower sepals and different bracts.

STELIS Rusgyı Rolfe n. sp. ds ne

Stems 127-3 in. long. Leaves oblong or linear-obiong, obtuse,
2-4 in. long, 5-11 lin. broad. Spike solitary, 4-6 in. long. Bracts
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-4 lin. long. Pedicels 1% lin. long.
Dorsal sepal ovate, subacute, 5-nerved, 3 lin. long, 2 lin. broad ;
lateral ones connate into a broadly ovate 9-nerved body, 2% lin.
ong, 2 lin. broad, apex minutely bidentate. Petals very broadly
Ovate, obtuse, 3-nerved, 13 lin. long. Lip similar but rather
smaller, with thicker nerves, and somewhat auricled at the sides.

Yungas, 1890 (332) — Rusby’s 2758.

A member of the section Dialissa, allied to the Peruvian S.
truncata Lindl., which, however, is distinctly scandent, and has
differently shaped petals and lip. ae

262

Lzparis elata Lindl. Bot. Reg. 14: pl. Hs.

Yungas, 1890 (608).

Liparis elliptica Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. 6: 218.

Yungas, 1890 (656).

Microstylis fastigiata Reichb. f. Yungas, 1899 (456 and 32

Also collected at Cochabamba, 1891.

Bletia Wageneri Reichb. f. Bonplandia, 2: 22 (1854). Vungas,

1890 (455).

ELLEANTHUS YUNGASENSIS Rolfe n. sp.

Stems 1 foot or more high. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acumi-
nate, 5%- 714 in. long, 34—174 in. broad. Spikes oblong, 3% in.
long. Bracts elliptical oblong, subacute, 6-8 lin. long. Sepals
lanceolate-oblong, acute, 4-4% lin. long, 1% lin. broad. Petals
lanceolate-linear, acute, 4 lin. long, 34 lin. broad. Lip suborbic-
ular, retuse, 4 lin. long by nearly as broad, with one prominent

rounded callus 1 lin. broad in the basal cavity. Column clavate,
3 lin. long.

Vungas, 1890 (658).

A species belonging to the section Calelyna, and allied to Æ.
conifer Reichb. f., a native of Peru, of which, however, the callus
is described as triangular, and the plant evidently different in other
respects.

Epidendrum Ibaguense H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 1: 352. Yungas, 1890

(243).

Epidendrum syringothyrsus Reichb. f. ex Hook. f. Bot. Mag. $l

6145. Yungas, 1890 (633°.

Epidendrum- paniculatum R. & P. Syst. Veg. 243. Yungas, 1890

(635).

Epidendrum orconastes Reichb. f. Xenia Orch. 3: 22. Capi, March,

1890 (763).

Epidendrum brachycladium Lindl. Fol. Orch. Epid. 60. Vic.
' Cochabamba, 1891 (743).
Epidendrum lanipes Lindl. Fol. Orch. Epid. 91. Yungas, 1890

(452).

EPIDENDRUM YUNGASENSE Rolfe n. sp.

Stems terete, CH I-174 ft. high. Leaves oblong-lanceolate,

acute, 172-314 in. long, Y- % in. broad. Panicles lax, with

263

about one side branch, 2-214 in. long, with two or three lanceo-
late sheaths at the base. Bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 1—
1% lin. long. Pedicels slender, 4-5 lin. long. Sepals oblanceo-
late, acute, reflexed, strongly 3-nerved, 3 lin. long, 34 lin. broad.
Petals filiform, very slightly thickened at the apex, 3 tín. long. Lip
adnate to column, 3 lin. broad, three-lobed ; lateral lobes broadly
rounded, falcately acute, minutely denticulate ; front lobe deeply
bipartite, with linear obtuse lobes. Column 134 lin. long.

Yungas, 1890 (572).

A member of the section Spathium, and apparently most allied
to the Peruvian Æ. parviflorum Ruiz & Pavon, but a stouter plant
with shorter and broader leaves, shorter bracts and other differ-
ences.

GOVENIA BOLIVIENSIS Rolfe n. sp.

Leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, subobtuse, 11 in. long,
3 2 -41⁄4 in. broad; petioles 9-10 in. long. Scape 14 in. high, few-

wered. Bracts ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 3-4lin.long. Pedicels
: Tin. long. Dorsal sepal broadly oblanceolate, acute, 7 lin. long;
lateral ones falcate-oblong, subacute, 4 lin. long. Petals obovate-
oblong, somewhat oblique, acute, 4 lin. long, 2% lin. broad. Lip
ovate, acute, submembranaceous, with three slender obtuse keels,
3 lin. long, nearly 2 lin. broad. Column clavate, 2% lin. long.

Yungas, 1890 (609).

Allied to the Peruvian G. tingens, Poepp. & Endl., but the lip
scarcely half the size, in which respect it approaches G. Gardner:
Hook., though the lip is not nearly so membranaceous.
Zygopetalum intermedium Lodd. var. Peruvianum Rolfe, in Lin-

denia, 9: 71. pl. 418. Yungas, 1890 (453).

XYLOBIUM VARICOSUM (Reichb. f) Rolfe. (Maxillaria varicosa

Reichb. f). Yungas, 1890 (573).

Lycaste macrophylla Lindl. Yungas, 1890 (454).
MAXILLaria NERVosA Rolfe n. sp.

Rhizome creeping, clothed with broadly ovate obtuse striate
somewhat imbricating sheaths. Pseudobulbs %-34 in. Vans
oblong, subcompressed, rg Leaves linear-oblong, e
ginate, 1-2 in. long, 2-3 lin. broad. Peduncles 19-134 in.
long, clothed with about six or eight somewhat imbricating bract-
like sheaths. Bracts oblong-lanceolate. acute, conduplicate-con-
cave, striate, 5 lin. long. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, << lin.
long, c sely striate-nerved and subcoriaceous. Petals linear-
lanceolate, acute or acuminate, in texture like the sepals, í lin.

264

long. Lip obscurely 3-lobed, 3 lin. long ; lateral lobes erect, ob-
tusely rounded, front lobe reflexed, lanceolate, acute, crest linear,
fleshy, equalling ci lobes. Column clavate, 2 lin. lo ong.

Yungas, 1890 (457). Alzo Brazil, near Rio Janeiro, Glaziou, n.

11612, 20513; Prov. Minas, Glaziou, n. 20512; Organ Mountains,
Miers.

j Near M. acuminata Lindl., but a far smaller plant in every re-
spect. I fail to identify this well marked species with any pub-
lished description, though being also a Brazilian species I expected
to find a name for it.

Camaridium longibracteatum Lindl. Pl. Hartw. 154. Yungas, 1890

(478).

CAMARIDIUM BOLIVIENSE Rolfe n. sp.

Stems erect, somewhat elongated, leafy. Pseudobulbs 1-1 12
in. distant, lanceolate-oblong, 3/—1 in. long, apex 2-leaved, base
about 4 to 6-leaved. Leaves erect, linear, obtuse, unequally bi-
dentate, 2-377 in. long, 1-1% lin. broad, their bases broader,
sheathing and imbricating. Flowers axillary, solitary, peduncles
but little exserted from sheaths. Bract lanceolate, acute, 5—6 lin.
long. Sepals Ries acute, 5 lin. long. Petals linear-oblong, 5
lin. long. Lip 1 ine ear-oblong, acute, entire, with a rather obscure
oblong callus i in the centre. Column clavate, 3 lin. long.

Yungas, 1890 (636).

Allied to C. arbuscula Lindl. and C. Lawrenceanum Rolfe, and
about intermediate between them in habit.

DicHAEA HAMATA Rolfe n. sp.

tems erect, somewhat branched below, - in. long, leafy.
Leaves distichous, lanceolate-linear, acute, somewhat recurved, 4-
I in. long. Flowers axillary, slightly exserted from leaf-sheaths.
Bracts ovate, acuminate, 2 lin. long. Sepals ovate-oblong, acute,
2 lin.long. Petals E smaller than sepals, but otherwise simi-
lar. Lip as long as petals, basal half cuneate, apical half as broad
as the lip's length, apex broadly rounded and apiculate, obscurely
denticulate, and terminating behind on either side in a sagittate
appendage crest absent, but base of lip rather fleshy. Column

very s ruit 2-214 lin. long, setose-echinate. .

Vie 1890 (602).

. Allied to D. graminifolia Lindl. The lip is very curious, being
somewhat hooked on either side and anchor-shaped.

Ornithidium giganteum Lindl. Capi, Mar. 1890 (764).
Odonioglossum rigidum Lindl. Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (744)

mimi

265

-OncipiuM RusgyI Rolfe n. sp... .

Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, 15 in. or more long. Panicle
much elongated, branches 2-5 in. long, flexuose. Bracts broadly
triangular-ovate, subobtuse, conduplicate, 217 lin. long. Pedicels
8-11 lin. long. Sepals unguiculate, acuminate, undulate; dorsal
one 31-4 lin. long, with ovate-oblong limb; laterals 5-5 % lin.
spreading, with linear-oblong limb, unguis united for a short dis-
tance at the base. Petals unguiculate, 3-374 lin. long, limb ovate-
oblong, acuminate, undulate. Lip entire, 314 lin. long by nearly
as broad ; broadly trulliform-ovate, sides somewhat reflexed, apex
suddenly attenuated, triangular, recurved; crest large, 5-lobed, the
three terminal lobes subequal. Column 17 lin. long, stout, apex
somewhat reflexed ; wings short, broadly rounded.

Yungas, 1890 (460). .

A species belonging to the group Microchila cimicifera, and
allied to ©. Trulla Reichb. f., though different from every other in
the shape of the bracts. ;

Brassia thyrsodes Reichb. f. Gard. Chron. 1868: 842 (ex deser.)

Yungas, 1890 (607). |
Sobralia violacea Lindl. Yungas, 1890 (391 and 576). `
‚Altensteinia Weddelliana : Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. 3: 19. Talca

Chugiaguilla, Apr. 1890 (819). |

ALTENSTEINIA BOLIVIENSIS Rolfe n. sp.

Leaves lanceolate, acute or subacute, 6-10 in. long, 1 144—174 in.
broad. Scapes 10-18 in. long. , Spikes 4-5 in. long, dense.
Bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, 4-6 lin. long. Sepals
lanceolate-oblong, obtuse, 3 lin. long. Petals linear, obtuse, 3 lin.
long. Lip elliptical, obtuse, the margin fimbriate in numerous
short appendages, 4 lin. long. Column 2% lin. long. `

Yungas, 1890 (820). ` ;

Allied to 4. fimbriata H. B. et K., but a less vigorous plant,
with distinctly smaller flowers.

SPIRANTHES Basen Rolfe n. sp. dn

, Roots fascicled, stout. Leaves cauline, lanceolate, acute, 4-6
in. long, %-ı in. broad, gradually reduced upwards into the :
bracts. . Scapes. 114-214 ft. long, spikes 4-9 in. long. Bracts lan- |

266

and somewhat saccate, 3% lin. long; disc somewhat verrucose-
reticulate. Column 1% lin. long.

Songo, 1890 (920).

Allied to .S. plantaginea Lindl.

SPIRANTHES YUNGASENSIS Rolfe n. sp.

Roots fascicled. Leaves cauline, oblong-lanceolate, acute, 3
in. long, 8-10 lin. broad, gradually reduced upwards into the bracts.
Scapes pubescent, 1 1% ft. long, spikes 3 in. long. Bracts linear-
lanceolate, acuminate, 8-10 lin. long. Sepals pubescent, dorsal
one oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 5 lin. long; lateral ones lanceo-
late-acuminate, 5 lin. long. Petals lanceolate, acute, the inner
margin appressed to the dorsal sepal, and thus forming a cucul-
late hood. Lip somewhat recurved, oblong, obtuse, somewhat
undulate, 4% lin. long, margins united to column, base adnate to
ovary, saccate. Column 31 lin. long.

Yungas, 1890 (451).

Closely allied to S. io Lindl.

Habenaria hexaptera Lindi. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 316. Yungas

(582).

Habenaria maculosa Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 399. Vic. Cocha-

bamba (1239).

SCITAMINEAE.

Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Swartz, Prod. Veg. Ind. Occ. 11: (Alpinia
spicata Jacq. Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist. ai 7). Songo, Nov.
1890 (912).

Stromanthe spectabilis Lem. Jard. Fleur. 4: pl. gor. Yungas 1890
(513).

STROMANTHE AUGUSTIFOLIA Sp. n.

broad and sheathing below, gradually narrowed above and becom-
ing separate and terete, finely and sharply many-ribbed, above
sparsely pilose and scurfy, the blades elongated, in the dry much
involute condition only about 5-10 mm. broad, glabrous, light-
green, finely and beautifully transverse-striate, the straw-color

mid-rib strong and prominent; peduncles very slender, erect Or-

erect-spreading, the lower reaching 5 dm. in length: bracts indigo-
blue at the base, exceeding their branches, acute; rhachis and

|
|
|
|
|
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267

branches strongly hollowed on the side next the flower, with no-
dose axils; outer bractlets indigo-blue, at least when young, 1.5-3
cm. long, 3-5 mm. broad in the folded condition, very finely many-
nerved, acute or obtuse, when opened 1-1.5 cm. broad, oval, the
inner colorless, hyaline and successively smaller; bud 6-7 mm.
long; flowers very short-pedicelled, the brown ovary 1 mm. long,
turbinate, truncate, strongly tuberculate, the tubercles in IO rows;
sepals similar to the inner scales, 7 mm. long, 4.5 mm. broad, oval,
elliptical; petals purple-blue, 6 mm. long, 2-5 mm. broad; lip 5
mm. broad, triangular-obovate, irregularly about 5-lobed, one
lobe yellow, antheroid, the inner face at one edge appendaged
with a thick gland; anther oval-oblong, 1 mm. long, its filament
posteriorly appendaged near the summit with two membranaceous
oblong lobes; stigma thickened, cupulate, oblique, its style muc
flattened.
Songo, Noy. 1891 (874).
Heliconia hirsuta L. f., var. cannoidea (Richard) Baker, Annals of
Botany, 7: 197. Vungas, 1890 (411).

BROMELIACEAE.*

Pitcairnia consimilis Baker, Journ. Bot. 19: 269 (1881). Vic. La
Paz, 10,000 ft. 1890 (152)—Rusby’s 2847.

Pitcairnia (Puyopsis) sp. near P. coerulea Benth. Songo, Nov,
1890 (892).

Pitcairnia (Phlomostachys) sp. near P. Funkiana Regel. Yungas,
1890 (592).

Tillandsia usneoides L. Sp. Pl. 287. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889

(107). :

Tillandsia propinqua Gay, Fl. Chile, 6: 15. Vic. La Paz, 10,000

ft. 1889 (123).

Tillandsia .sphaerocephala Baker, Journ. Bot. 26: 141 (1888). Vic.
Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889 (159).
Tittanpsia (PrATYSTACHYS) BoLiviensis Baker sp. n.

Foliis dense rosulatis, e basi ovata lineari-acuminatis, dorso
dense albido-lepidotis, pedunculo brevi, spica simpli oblonga,
bracteis floralibus ovato-navicularibus glabris, calyce bractea paulo
breviori sepalis lanceolatis glabris dorso convexis.

Folia 6-8 poll. longa, bractea 12-15 lin. longa. Vic. La Paz,

10,000 ft. 1890 (159a). Near T. canescens Sw. and T. achyrosta- >

chys E. Morren.

* Kindly determined by Mr. J. G. Baker. —
EM. Torr. Bor, Crus, Vol. IV., Part 3, Sig. 5, April 17, 1895.

bo
or)
oo

IRIDEAE.
Sisyrinchium iridifolium H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 1: 324. Yungas, 1890
(623). Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (999)? — Rusby's 695.
Sisyrinchium alatum Hook. Ic. Pl. pl. 279. Yungas, 1890 (6232).

AMARYLLIDEAE.*
ZEPHYRANTHES XIPHOPETALA Baker sp. n.
Bulb globose, 1 1%-1 14 in. diam.; outer tunics brown, mem-

time as the flowers; peduncle %-1 foot, bearing a single sub-
papa erect flower; spathe white, membranous, 1-valved, under

long ; perianth erect, infundibuliform, bright yellow, 1 1—
eg in. que ng; tube 14 in. long, cylindrical below the dilated apex;
nen lanceolate, 1% in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually
to an acute apex; stamens about half as long as the perianth-
lobes ; aher curling up spirally; style deeply trifid, overtopping
the anthers.

Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (890).

The only other species known with a sessile flower and trifid
style is Z. verecunda Herb. in Bot. Mag. pl. 2583 = Z. sessilis
Herb., a Mexican species with white flowers.

Elisena ringens (R. & P.) Herb. Amaryll. 201 (?) (Pancratium rin-
gens R. & P. Fl. Per. 3: 53. pl. 283.) Songo, Nov. 1890 (918).
Specimens too incomplete for positive determination.

Bomarea multiflora (L.) Mirbel, Hist. Nat. Pl. g: 72 (1804). Yun-
gas, 1890 (593, 723 and 724).

Bomarea edulis (Tussac) Herb. Amaryll. 111. Yungas, 1890
(593a) — Rusby's 568.

Bomarea acutifolia (Link & Otto) Herb. Amaryll. 112. Yungas,

1890 (593b)— Rusby's 599.

Bomarea Herbertiana Baker, Handb. "Assay 155 (BD. formos-
sissima Herb. et Benth., not [R. & P.] Griseb.) Yungas, 1890»
(724b).

LILIACEAE.
Asphodelus fistulosus L. Sp. Pl. 309. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft.,
1889 (133).
* Kindly determined by Mr. J. G. Baker.

269

Nothoscordum andicolum Kunth, Enum. : 463. Vic. La Paz,
10,000 ft., 1889 (187).

COMMELINACEAE.
Commelina gracilis R. & P. FL Per 1: 44. 9.72. Fa. E uh,
1890 (463
Commelina elliptica H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 1: 259 (C. variabilis Schlecht.)
Capi, Mar. 1890 (782) — Mandon's 1241 and Rusby's 848.
Dichorisandra Aubletiana Schult. f. Syst. 7: 1181. Yungas, 1890

(509).
Tinantia fugax Scheidw. Allgem. Gart. 7: 365 (1839). Yungas,
1890 (289 and 733).
Tradescantia multiflora Sw. Prod. Veg. Ind. Occ. 57. Yungas,
1890 (603) — Rusby's 1 369.
JUNCACEAE.
Juncus andicolus Hook. Ic. Pl. pl. 774. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft.
` 1889 (89)
Juncus brunneus Buchen. in Bremen Abh. 6: 403 (1879). Vic. La
Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889 (73).
Juncus Chamissonis Kunth, Enum. 3: 348. Vic. La Paz, 10,000
ft. 1889 (116) — Rusby's 181.
"PALMAE.*
Geonoma baculifera Kunth, Enum. 3: 233. Songo, Nov. 1891
(877).
AROIDEAE.
Caladium sp., apparently undescribed, but material insufficient.
Songo, Nov. 1890 (920).
Xanthosoma roseum Schott, Oest. Bot. Zeitsch. 1858: 178.

CYPERACEAE}
Cyperus Meyenianus Kunth, Enum. 2: 49. Yungas, 1890 (263). :
Cyperus flavomariscus Griseb. Pl. Lorentz. 264 (in reprint paged
217). Yungas, 1890 (410).
Cyperus ferax Rich. Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. 1: 106(1792). Yun-
T and 1890 (529).
D Determined by Mr. Charles Wright.
t Species marked by an asterisk determined by Mr, C, B, Clarke,

270

Cyperus Luzulae Rottb.; Willd. Sp. Pl. 1: 276. Yungas, 1890 (531).

*Cyperus Martianus Schrad.; Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras. 2: 32.
Yungas, 1890 (528).

* Cyperus laevigatus L. Mant. 2: 176 (C. reptans Boeck. fide Clark).
Vic. La Paz, 1890 (186).

*Cyperus phaeocephalus Griseb. Goett. Abh. 19: 264. Vic. La
Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889 (95 and 95a) — Spruce's 5904.

*Cyperus seslerioides H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 1: 209. Vic. Cochabamba,
1891 (995).

*Kyllingia odorata Vahl, Enum. 2: 382. Yungas, 1890 (581).

* Eleocharis albibracteata Nees et Meyen; Kunth, Enum. 2: 143.
Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889 (71a).

*Eleocharis montana Roem. & Sch. Syst. 2: 153. Vic. La Paz,
1890 (144). Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (996).

Dichromena nervosa Vahl, Enum. 2: 241. Yungas, 1890 (251) =
Rusby's 109.

Fimbristylis laxa Vahl, Enum. 2: 292. Yungas, 1890 (530) —
Rusby's 71.

Stenophyllus capillaris (L) Britton, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 21: 30.
Yungas, 1890 (306).

STENOPHYLLUS SPHAEROLEPIS (Boeck.) Britton. (Scirpus sphaero-
lepis Boeck.) Yungas, 1890 (432).

* Scirpus asper Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 194. Capi, Mar. 1890 (765).

* Scirpus cernuus Vahl, Enum. 2: 245. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft.
1889 (71).

Scırpus Americanus Pers. Syn. 1: 68. Vic. Cochabamba, 1891
(997).

* Rynchospora glauca Vahl, Enum. 2: 233. Yungas, 1890 (433).

Rynchospora globosa (H.B.K.) R. & S. Syst. 2: 89. Vic. Cocha-
bamba, 1891 (873).

* Pleurostachys Urvillei Brongn. ‘Duper: Voy. Bot. 173. Pl. 31.

Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (871).

Scleria pleostachya Kunth, Enum. 2: 355. Yungas, 1890 (203).

Scleria bracteata Cav. Ic. 5: 34. pl. 457. Yungas, 1890 (262).

Carex festiva Dewey, Am. Journ. Sci. 19: 246(1835). Vic. La
Paz, 10,000 ft., 1889 (62).

271

GRAMINEAE.
(Report expected from Mr. F. L. Scribner.)

MARSILEACEAE.
Azolla Caroliniana Willd. Talca Chugiaguilla, Apr. 1890 (790).
Azolla filiculoides Lam. Vic. Cochabamba, 1891 (983).

SELAGINELLACEAE.
Selaginella Poeppigiana Spreng. Yungas, 1890 (577) = Rusby's

452.
Selaginella Moritziana Spreng. (?) Yungas, 1890 (440).
Selaginella mnioides A. Br. Songo, 1890 (909) — Rusby's 460.

LYCOPODIACEAE.
(Communicated by Mrs. E. G. Britton.)
Lycopodium complanatum L, Yungas, 1890 (395). .
Lycopodium cernuum L. Yungas, 1890 (396) — Rusby's 447.
Lycopodium tenuifolium L. Yungas, 1890 (637) = Rusby's 449.
Lycopodium reflexum Lam. Yungas, 1890 (638).
Lycopodium clavatum L. Yungas, 1890 (320).

FILICES.
(Communicated by Mrs. E. G. Britton.)

Gleichenia pubescens H.B.K. Yungas, 1890 (303).
Cyathea Schansin Mart. Yungas, 1890 (562).
Alsophila pubescens Baker. Yungas, 1890 (563) — Spruce's 4712.
Alsophila pruinata Kaulf. Yungas, 1890 (484).
Woodsia mollis J. Sm. Yungas, 1890 (302).
Woodsia Peruviana Hook. Songo, 1890 (878) — Rusby's 338.
Ee ciliatum Sw. d 1890 (436 and 349 p. Di

= y's 135. Songo, Nov. 1890 (904).
Amel protrusum Hook. Yungas, 1890 (349b) = Rusby's

ein crispum H.B.K. Songo, Nov. 1890 (900) —
pruce's 4693.
Hymenophyllum axillare Sw. Songo, Nov. 1890 (902) = Pearce's

243, Lechler's 2250, Spruce's 5420, and Couthoy's 65 from

Quintensian Andes, 1853.

272

Hymenophyllum polyanthos Sw. Songo, Nov. 1890 (897 and
903) — Rusby's 183 and (?) Spruce's 4696.

Hymenophyllum tenerrimum V.D. B. Songo, Nov. 1890 (with
899) — Spruce s 4702. ;

Hymenophyllum microcarpum Desv. Yungas, 1890 (555) — Rusby's
137.

Trichomanes crinitum Sw. Songo, Nov. 1890 (906), ex. descr.

Trichomanes crispum L. Songo, Nov. 1890 (898) — Rusby's 184.

Trichomanes rigidum Sw. Songo, Nov. 1890 (899).

Trichomanes reptans Sw. Yungas, 1890 (with 555).

Trichomanes radicans Sw. Yungas, 1880 (555).

Lindsaya stricta Dry.(?) Songo, Nov. 1890 (905), ex. descr.

Adiantum decorum Moore. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889 (112).

Adiantum Aethiopieum L. Yungas, 1890 (5 59).

Adiantum cuneatum L. f. Yungas, 1890 (211).

Cheilanthes pilosa Goldm. Yungas, 1890 (564).

Pellaea ternifolia Fee. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889 for} Talca
Chugiaguilla Apr. 1890 (817).

Pteris pedata L. Yungas, 1890 (212)—Rusby’s 112.

Lomaria Boryana Willd. Yungas, 1890 (663).

Blechnum asplenioides Sw. Yungas, 1890 (435)— Rusby's 315.

Asplenium fragrans var. foeniculaceum Kaulf. Yungas, 1890
(662)— Rusby's 392.

Nephrolepis exaltata Schott. Yungas, 1890 (291)— Rusby's 411.

Polypodium aureum L. Yungas, 1890 (362).

Polypodium aureum L., var. arcolatum Eaton. Yungas, 1890 (378).

Polypodium pn TE Kunze. Yungas, 1890 (437).

Polypodium serrulatum Mett. Yungas, 1890 (561). Songo, Nov.
1890 (907 a)—Rusby's 368 and 369.

Polypodium suspensum L. Yungas, 1890 (48 3)=Rusby’s 375.

Polypodium cultratum Willd. Yungas, 1890 (556).

Polypodium subsessile Baker. Yungas, 1890 (557) Rusby's 379.

Polypodium Plumula H.B.K. Songo, Nov. 1890 (9o1)— Rusby's
366 and 367.

Polypodium piloselloides L. Yungas, 1890 (734). :

Polypodium rigescens Bory. Songo, Nov. 1890 (901c)—Spruce's 5279. =

Polypodium taeniosum Willd (P. angustifolium Sw.) Vic. La Paz, * —
10,000 ft., 1889 (140).

273

Polypodium apiculatum Kunze. Songo, Nov. 1890 (901b).
Notholaena sinuata Kaulf. Talca Chugiaguilla, Apr. 1890 (786).
Notholaena ferruginea Hook. Yungas (205). Talca Chugiaguilla,

(787). La Granga (752) — Rusby's 332, 333, 335 and 336.
Monogramme graminoides Baker, Syn. Fil. 375. Songo, Nov-

1890 (907b).
Gymnogramme calomelanos Kaulf. Yungas, 1890 (244).
Gymnogramme angustifrons Baker. Yungas, 1890 (693).
Gymnogramme tartarea Desv. Yungas, 1890 ( 305).
Gymnogramme retrofracta Hook. & Grev. Yungas, 1890 (661)—

Rusby's 128.

Meniscium serratum Cav. Yungas, 1890 (554)— Rusby's 412.
Vittaria stipitata Kunze. Yungas, 1890 (353)— Rusby's 340.
Acrostichum cuspidatum Willd. Yungas, 1890 (434a).
Acrostichum latifolium Sw. Yungas, 1890 (434).

Acrosticum Moonkr E. G. Britton sp. n.

Rhizomes slender, purple, sparsely beset with brown scales
and fibrillose radicles; sterile fronds 3-5 inches long, pinnately
divided almost to the midvein into 18—20 slender bifurcating seg-
ments; stipes 2-3 inches long, grooved and sparingly beset with
lower scales; fertile fronds on longer stipes, 3-4 inches long, blade
short, less than 1 inch long by ¥ inch broad, crenately lobed with

or 8 shallow sinuses on each side.

Yungas, 1890 (558).

Belonging to the section Polybotrya H.B.K., differing from its
nearest ally, A. bifurcatum, in having the fertile frond almost entire,
not pinnately parted, and the rhizome more slender and creeping,
less tufted in habit.

Collected also by W. Lechler, near Sachapata, on trunks of trees,
and distributed as No. 2609, Plantae Peruvianae. Seen at Kew in
Thomas Moore's fern herbarium, labelled “ Zndeterm. Mett. n. sp?
Anemia tomentosa Sw. Yungas, 1890 (304) — Rusby's 118.
Anemia tomentosa var. fulva H.B.K. Yungas, 1890 (438).
Anemia tomentosa var. (?. Yungas 1890 (439).

Lygodium venustum Sw. Yungas, 1890 (560) —Rusby's 144.

MUSCI.
(Communicated by Mr. Charles Wright.)
Sphagnum acutifolium Ehrh. Yungas, 1890 (481 and 569).

274

Pogonatum tortile Swz. Songo, Nov. 1891 (908).
Polytrichum juniperinum Hedw. Yungas, 1890 (280).
Bryum Beyrichianum C. Müll (?).. Yungas, 1890 (566).
Phyllogonium viscosum Mitt. Yungas, 1890 (565).
Thuidium delicatulum Lindberg. Yungas, 1890 (482).

HEPATICAE.

(Communicated by Mr. Charles Wright.)
Frullania atrata Nees. Yungas, 1890 (567).
Radula Xalapensis Nees et Mart. (?) Yungas, 1890 (511a).
Jsotachis Sp. Yungas, 1890 (713, a).
Micropterygium vulgare Nees. Songo, Nov. 1890 (908a).
Marchantia polymorpha L. Songo, Nov. 1890 (910).
Reboulia hemispherica Raddi. Yungas, 1890 (605).

LICHENES.
(Communicated by Dr. J. W. Eckfeldt.)
Baeomyces imbricatus Hook. Yungas, 1890 (713).
Cladonia rangiferina (L.) Hoff. Vic. La Laz, 10,000 ft. 1889 (20, a).
Cladonia ceratophylla Eschw. (Sterile.) Yungas, 1890 (568).
Cladonia peltata Spreng. (Sterile) Yungas, 1890 (570). e
determined by Dr. H. Mueller.)
Peltigera canina Hoffm. Yungas, 1890 (296.
Theloschistes chrysophthalmus (1..) Norm. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft.
1889 (135, a).
Usnea barbata (L.) Fr. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft. 1889 (135.
Stereocaulon virgatum Nyl. Vic. La Paz. 10,000 ft. 1890 (225).
FUNGI.
(Communicated by Mr. Charles Wright.)
Stereum caperatum Berk. Yungas, 1890 (295).
ALGAR 7:
(Communicated by Mr. Charles Wright.)
Rhizoclonium sp. (other Algae are also intermixed). Vic. La Paz,
10,000 ft. 1890 (164).
Enteromorpha intestinalis Link.
| Rhizoclonium sp. Vic. La Paz, 10,000 ft. 1890 (166).

CAL

I

BOTAN

ORREY

MEMOIRS

OF THE

TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB.

Vol. IV. No. 4.

Arachis hypogaea L.*
Bv ANNA STOCKTON PETTIT.
( PLATES 83-85.) '
* Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of
Philosophy, in the University Faculty of Pure Science, Columbia College.
History.

The study of this plant was undertaken for the purpose of dis-
covering, if possible, some additional facts concerning its habit of
ripening fruit under ground. Other species of the Legumi-
nosae are known to share this peculiarity with Arachis. Among
the best known of these are Vicia amphicarpa and Trifolium sub-
terraneum. Vicia amphicarpa bears two kinds of flowers and ac-
cordingly two forms of fruit, only one of which is developed under
ground. The flower which gives rise to this fruit is formed and
always remains underground. The other form of flower and fruit
is developed normally, so that in this case the peculiarity of the
plant lies as much in its underground flower as in its underground
fruit, as the latter seems to be a natural sequence of the former.

Trifolium subterraneum bears but one kind of flowers. These
are developed in heads. After flowering, the peduncle bearing
the head sinks to the ground and, continuing to lengthen, pushes
the head under the soil. The seeds will ripen above ground, and,
according to Belli, if the heads are prevented from going into the
earth, the seeds germinate easily if the integument is broken;
otherwise the germination takes place with difficulty.

2'16

Differing essentially from both of these, Arachis hypogaea has
but one form of flower which is sessile and remains so. It isa
growth from the base of the ovary itself which is prolonged until
the ovary is pushed into the ground. This growth is technically
known as a gynophore. Ovaries which are hindered by any
circumstance from reaching the ground do not produce fruit.

Seven species of Arachis are now recognized. These are: À.
pusilla, A. prostrata, A. villosa, A. glabrata, A. marginata, A. tuber-
osa and Arachis hypogaea, all perennial with the exceptions of A.
hypogaea and A. pusilla. Of these species six are found only in
Brazil. The remaining one, Arachis hypogaea is cultivated at the
present time throughout the warmer regions of the globe.

Little is known with certainty concerning the earlier history of
Arachis. The fact that all but one of its species are confined to
Brazil would seem an indication that it is a native of that country,
and in fact De Candolle ascribes its origin to that place. Other
authors think it to be a native of Africa, as its importance there
as food is so great and its cultivation so general. Still others hold
the opinion that it has a Japanese or Chinese origin. Opposing
this opinion are the facts that no allusion is made to this plant in
the older literature of those countries and that the fruit is not pro-
duced there in any great quantities.

Sloan, writing in the latter part of the sixteenth century, speaks
of it as having been carried to the West Indies from Guinea in slave
ships as food for the slaves, and says it was taken to Guinea from
Peru. Oviedo, writing in 1547, describes Arachis under the name
Mani and states that it is very common in the gardens of the West
Indies. From the name Mani is derived the name which the
plant now bears in Cuba, Mandubi or Mandobi. Jean de Lery,
in 1578, writing a history of travel in Brazil, speaks of Arachis as
Manobi. The author of the Noticia do Brasil (1589) speaks of
the plant under the name Amandao (large Mandel). Rumph de-
scribed the plant, giving it the name Chamaebalanus Japonicus.
Parkinson, writing about 1648, described the American Arachis
and called it Arachis hypogais Americanus.

It is estimated that the yearly production of peanuts in this
country is about 4,000,000 bushels and that this constitutes about
. one-sixth of the production of the entire world. This amount is con-

277

tributed almost entirely by Virginia, Georgia, Tennessee and North
Carolina, Virginia ranking first in its production. Notwithstanding
this large amount supplied to our market and the high nutritient
value of the seed, the peanut is nowhere used in the United States
as an article of food—as it is used in other countries. Some effort
has been made, however, to show how valuable it would prove if
so utilized. In Germany experiments have been made with refer-
ence to adopting it as an article of diet for the army; and it is
said to be already in use there as a dietetic treatment for diabetes.

The following analysis is taken from statistics furnished by
German authorities and will serve to show what valuable proper-
erties it posesses as a food constituent:

Water,. . 7.85 Fibre, . . 4.29
As. C EAT Pat. . 49.20
Protein, . . 29.47 Nitrogen, 4.67

The oil of this fruit is used as a substitute for olive oil, which
it much resembles, and to which it is even sometimes preferred.
It is also used as a lubricant and in the manufacturing of toilet soap.

Notwithstanding the fact that the fruit of Avachis formed so
important an article of commerce and that, on account of its
utilitarian value, it was so widely cultivated, it has been correctly
described only in comparatively recent times.

Piso, writing in 1658, says only of the flower that it is small
and yellow, and states that the fruit originates on the root-fibres.
The later botanists up to the year 1805 all described the structure
of the flower erroneously. The long stem-like calyx was assumed
to be a flower stalk even by those botanists who had access to the
living plants. In 1805 Poiteau published the first correct descrip-
tion of the structure of the flower. Robert Brown afterward con-
firmed Poiteau's description in the appendix to Tuckey's Narra-
tion of an Expedition to the Zaire,in 1816. Notwithstanding the
work of Poiteau, Bentham as late as 1839 writes of Arachis as a
plant with dimorphous flowers. Oneform, with calyx and corolla,
Which are always sterile, the fertile flowers having * neither calyx,
corolla nor stamens, but from between two bracteolae, similar to
those which are found at the base of the sterile flowers proceeds
a stiff rigid stipe or torus, which is speedily reflexed and elongated,

218

and is terminated by what appears to the naked eye a short point.
Examined under a glass this point discloses P its extremity a trun-
cated, somewhat concave and dilated stigma.”

Hugh M. Neisler, acting upon the supposition that Bentham's E
statements were correct, made some observations upon the fructi-
fication of Arachis which convinced him that, in his own words,
“The flowers of Arachis are all petal-bearing and all fertile.”
(Silliman's Am. Journal of Science and Art, 2d series, 19:
1855). Bentham remained unconvinced and published a reply in
Hooker's Journal of Botany and Kew Garden Miscellany, 7
1855. It is difficult to understand how Bentham could have per-
sisted in his mistake, as he did, in the face of so much evidence.

It requires no very expert examination of the plant to be con-
vinced that what he mistook for a cleistogamic flower is the naked
ovary after the flower parts have fallen away; and that what he
describes as the sessile stigma of the barren ovary is the scar left
by the deciduous style.

As to the affinities of Arachis no satisfactory conclusion is yet
attained. Linnaeus placed it next to Cicer; Persoon, nearer An-
thyllis; Jussieu, between Ozozis and Anthyllis. De Candolle,
classifying it according to the character of its embryo, place it
among his Geoffroyae, but at the same time recognizing how little
it conforms in other respects to these plants, suggested its forming
together with Voandzeia a distinct tribe. Robert Brown says that
Arachis and Cercis possess straight embryos in common with the
Caesalpinieae and Mimoseae and in which respect they differ from
all of the Papilionaceae. Bentham, adhering to his opinion that
Arachis possessed dimorphous flowers, points out a resemblance
to Stylosanthes, but finds an important difference from the group
Hedysareae, of which Stylosanthes is a member, in the unarticulated
legume. He finds Arachis not at all similar to Voandzeia. Pend-
ing a harmonizing of these conflicting opinions Arachis is usually
accepted among the Papilionaceae.

General Description of the Plant.
Arachis hypogaea is a low annual plant, with one upright flower-
less branch surrounded by decumbent spreading branches, upon
which the flowers are borne. The stem is cylindrical and smooth,

279

at the base becoming angular and slightly hairy above. The
leaves are alternate and pinnate with two pairs of nearly sessile
leaflets, the inferior pair of which are nearly elliptical and the
superior pair are cuneate and noticeably larger. The leaflets are
furnished with pulvini which comprise the entire stalklet ( about
I mm. in length) The primary petiole is also furnished with a
pulvinus and with two adnate stipules which partly clasp the stem.
The straight tap root gives off numerous lateral roots.

Nearly all of the roots examined bore quantities of the small
tuber-like swellings which are a much discussed characteristic of
the roots of the Leguminosae. These occur indifferently on the
main and lateral roots.

The flowers develop in the axils of the leaves. They are
sessile, but with a long calyx, which may easily be mistaken for a
peduncle. This calyx varies from 3 to 14 mm. in length, is cylind-
rical, two-lipped, hairy and with two bracts at its base. The upper
lip is two-toothed. The corolla is papilionaceous and yellow. The
stamens are monadelphous and inserted in the calyx. They are
ten in number and of two kinds, one with long two-celled anthers
dehiscing laterally, and one with nearly spherical one-celled anthers.

€ ovary is superior, small, conical and one-celled. The
style is inserted a little to one side of the apex of the ovary. It is
long, cylindrical, exceedingly slender, hairy for a short distance
along one side from the stigma, and is terminated by a flat stig-
maticsurface. After fertilization the gynophore begins its growth.
The flower parts fall off; sometimes the style may be seen as a
brown hair-like appendage to the ovary after the flower falls.
More frequently it is thrown off with the flower. The ovary
becomes tipped with a hardened and brown point. The gynophore
curves so that it points towards the earth. The growth of the
Synophore continues until the ovary has penetrated the earth for
Some distance. The ovary then begins to swell to form the
Pod. The part of the gynophore under ground thickens and
develops hairs from its epidermal cells which are in every way
similar to root hairs.

The fruit develops only under ground. It is a one-celled pod
bearing from one to three, or according to Kurtz, sometimes as
Many as seven seeds. The numberis usually two. The pod is inde-

280

hiscent. The seeds have a purplish brown membrane and no
albumen. The embryo is straight. The large, fleshy cotyledons
are furnished with pulvini and are exceedingly rich in oil.

General Observations on the Plants Studied.

The following study was made with plants raised during two
successive summers in Englewood, N. J.; Lawrence, L. I., and in
Potsdam and Buffalo, N. Y. In New Jersey and on Long Island
the plants thrived and produced fruit. The seeds planted in richer
soil in northern New York produced healthy looking, well-grown
plants with flowers but no fruit developed. The plants grow best
in a dry sandy soil, and a warm, at least temperate, climate.
Under favorable conditions of weather fruit was obtained from
seeds planted in Lawrence within two months. From two to
three months is usually required. Plants of a crop raised in
Lawrence when pulled up during the early part of October were
found to bear a quantity of tubers on their roots. On other
plants of the same crop examined in November no tubers were
found.

In the nyctotropic movement of the leaves, which has already
been described by Darwin in his * Power of Movement in Plants,"
the main petiole sinks downward; the leaflets twist downward
and backward so that the lower surfaces of each pair are applied
to each other. In this position they form a little packet shutting
around the petiole, with the superior pair closed over the inferior
and the tips pointing upward. The leaves vary their positions
on the stem during the day in such a way as to keep their upper
surfaces inclined toward the sun. When a leaf was separated
from the stem so that the water supply was cut off while evapora-
tion was going on it was discovered that the loss of water made
itself apparent first in the upper half of the pulvinus of the leaflets-

When cut at night or at four p. m. the movement was
quicker, probably because the water in the cells of the upper half
of the pulvini had already begun to lessen in quantity. The
leaves of some stems cut in the morning slept after about one-half
hour; others slept at once. The leaves of stems cut on a hot
day slept more quickly than those cut on a cool day; those cut
at about four in the afternoon more quickly than those cut in the
morning.

281

As the growth of the gynophore is solely for the purpose of
pushing the ovary into the soil, its length is determined entirely
by the distance of the flower from the ground. The gynophores
in the axils of the lower leaves are much shorter than those above,
as they reach the ground sooner; for the same reason the gyno-
phores on the more d bent branches are shorter than those on
the more erect. Gynophores bearing fruit have been seen as short
as five millimeters; they vary from that length to fifteen or sixteen
centimeters, according to their position on the branch and the posi-
tion of the branch in relation to the ground. That the only con-
dition regulating the length of the gynophore is the distance of
the ovary from the ground, was illustrated by the following fact:

One of the plants in a row was entirely removed, together with
a portion of the earth about the roots, leaving a hole somewhat
more than a foot in depth. A gynophore of a neighboring plant
had grown. down to the ground at this place and already attained
a maximum length. As the ground around it was taken away, it
was found after several days still growing down into the darkness
and seeking the soil.

The angle which the gynophore forms with the stem is deter-
mined by the position of the stem. Accordingly it varies from
a right to an acute angle, as the stem runs parallel with the
ground or is inclined to an upright position.

The hairs are formed as soon as the gynophore reaches the
soil, as all of the underground portion is thickened and bears hairs.

The growth of the gynophore under ground before the fruit
begins to form also varies considerably. In a case where three
gynophores developed from one axil, the underground portion of
the oldest was 24 mm. long, the next 30 mm. and the next 55
mm. This represents the usual relation.

Flowers have been observed on the subterranean portion of
the stem. These were perfect and, with the exception of being
etiolated, similar in all respects to those above ground. They
Without doubt produce fruit, as gynophores were also observed
Which had developed entirely under the ground. This fact, to-
gether with the one that the parts of the flower fall off almost as
Soon as they open, gives evidence that the flower is close fertilized.
In the course of its growth the gynophore grows as nearly per-

282

pendicularly as possible, apparently obeying the same law as the
main root.

When the fruit begins to develop, the growth of the gynophore
ceases. The first intimation that the fruit is about to form is a
very slight swelling in the lower part of the ovary. As it devel-
ops, growth takes place more rapidly on one side than the other,
so that the fruit is turned to one side with its length parallel to
the surface of the ground. The lower seed, that is the seed next
to the base of the ovary, grows to some size before the other be-
gins its growth. (There are seldom more than two.)

Seeds were also kept germinating in the laboratory in saw-
dust during the two years of study. It was observed that after
the root had grown about from one to two mm. in length, the
epidermis would break in a circular line around its entire circum-
ference. This happened invariably. This line marks the limit
between the root and hypocotyl, as is shown by the change in the
bundles at this point from radial to collateral. As the primary
root grows it soon develops rootlets which appear in four regular
longitudinal rows at an equal distance from each other. Neither
the rootlets nor main root bear root hairs. Their surface is
roughened and of a yellowish color, both appearances being due
to tissue which scales off, the cast-off tissue being decidedly
yellow. The etiolated hypocotyl is thick and fleshy and often
much curved in its efforts to extricate the cotyledons from the
shell. It frequently narrows down to a thinner portion near the
cotyledons which is green. This thickening of the etiolated
portion of the hypocotyl is of special interest for the following
reason: Experiments have shown that the rule for stems grow-
ing in darkness is an abnormal growth in length and generally
at the expense of the other two dimensions. In this instance the
rule is reversed, and a similar case has been recorded by Kraus
where the etiolated portion of the hypocotyl of a plant of Lupinus
Termis was more than twice as thick as a normal hypocotyl.
The shoot which develops from the plumule becomes the central
upright stem of the plant.

Anatomy and Development of the Gynophore.
Longitudinal sections were made through young flower buds,
at a stage before the formation of the egg in the embryo-sac, or at

283

least, before its fertilization. The bud at this stage is almost mi-
croscopically small The ovary may be described as sessile,
though there are a few layers of cells between its cavity and the
. place of insertion of the succeeding organs, the stamens. The
basal or lower part of its cavity is nearly rectangular in shape; the
ovules are attached to the parietal placenta by short stems. The
bundles passing through the base of the ovary, or that part which
. may be considered the stem, number from 11 to 13. They ex-
tend through to the tip of the ovary, branching more or less in
their course.

They consist of ducts with closely wound spiral markings, ac-
companied by very delicate elongated cells in which individual
characteristics cannot be determined. There is also a certain cluster
of cells lying near each bundle on the side toward the centre of
the organ. They are so near the bundle as to suggest some func-
tional relation with it. These cells are large, prismatic in shape
and filled with an orange colored substance; they correspond to
those occurring frequently in the Leguminosae, which are known as
tannin cells.

After the egg is formed and fertilized the rudimentary stem
begins to elongate and develop into the gynophore. The develop-
ment of the young embryo was not studied, but the ovary itself
remains nearly in the condition now described until the gyno-
phore completes its growth. This may be seen from the fact that
it does not increase perceptibly in size, but its extreme tip elongates
slightly and is sharpened to an almost hair-like point. While the
anatomy of the gynophore corresponds to that of the stem of any
herbaceous dicotyledon, its manner of development resembles that
of ordinary roots, as there are no lateral appendages and conse-
quently no internodes.

The cluster of meristematic or dividing cells which give rise
to it consists of those lying just below the ovary. For convenience
in description we may divide this cluster into three parts: first,
those cells which give rise to the central cylinder and which lie
immediately below the cavity of the ovary; second, those produc-
ing the bundle cylinder, and lastly, those outside both of these,
Which form the rind tissue, or the hollow cylinder outside the
bundles,

284

The first class consists of several layers numbering from ten
to twelve cells in diameter. The first division occurs in the
second layer under the cavity, anticlinal walls being formed, but

with no great regularity. Soon afterwards the cells lying about `

the circumference of the upper layer begin to divide, forming new
walls in such a manner as to change the rectangular shape of the
lower portion of the cavity, that is, the angles or corners become
filled with cells and the whole cavity assumes the oval form which
it has at maturity. From this time on the several layers below
the ovary divide rapidly by the formation of anticlinal walls; the
cells so derived constitute the pith.

It will be understood from the nature of the case that the
second part of the meristematic cluster, or that giving rise to the
bundle cylinder, consists of the elements of the bundles already
present. These bundles form an almost unbroken ring around
the cavity of the ovary and have already been described as extend-
ing through it to its extreme tip. It is easy to determine what
part of the bundles is in a formative or meristematic condition by
the immature appearance of the ducts and the extremely thin
walls of all the other cells. Owing to the irregularity in the order
of division of the cells forming the central cylinder it is not possi-
ble to say definitely that the meristem of the bundle coincides in
depth with that giving rise to the central cylinder. It is, however,
highly probable that such is the case.

The third part of the meristematic cluster, or that lying out-
side the bundie ring, is so irregular in its division that no definite
limits can be fixed. It iseasier to distinguish the new walls here
than in the tissues of the bundles. They appear to arise with no
order. It can only be said that the cells of the zone lying next
the meristem of the central cylinder are capable of growth and
division, and that they form new cells rapidly enough to keep
pace with the growth within.

Anatomy of the Mature Gynophore.

Two distinct parts may be recognized in the completed gyno-
phore: that above ground with a smooth even surface, and that
below, whose surface bears the hairs. The surface of the aerial
portion is flecked with numerous lenticels which open length-

285

wise. The epidermal cells of the aerial portion show, on a cross
section, a nearly oval lumen with a longer tangential diameter.
A long section shows the length of the cells to be about three
times their tangential diameter. Allthe walls are slightly thickened.
These cells are interrupted by occasional stomata occurring about
three to a square millimetre.

The rind, or that part of the ground-tissue extending between
the epidermal layer and the bundle-cylinder, is about eight cells in
depth. These cells are thin walled, of a nearly circular appear-
ance, seen in a cross section, and with frequent intercellular spaces.
In a long section their length is seen to correspond with the epi-
dermal cells.

About half way between the epidermis and the bundle-cylinder
a row of cells of peculiar character occurs. They appear to have
a much longer tangential than radial diameter. But on examining
them carefully they are seen to be completely plasmolytic, the
radial walls lying in folds, which gives the appearance spoken of
above. This row of cells was constant in the sections of the
aerial portion of the gynophores examined. This circumstance is
extremely puzzling, as no explanation can be offered for the
phenomenon of plasmolysis in cells so situated.

The bundles are arranged in a circle according to the type of
dicotyledonous stems. Through the greater part of the length of
the gynophore they are constantly thirteen in number, but at either
end, that is near the fruit or near the stem, they vary from this,
numbering sometimes more and sometimes fewer. The circle of
bundles with the tissue between them may be described as a hol.
low cylinder enclosing the pith. The individual bundle is covered
toward the periphery by a partial sheath which extends laterally
no further than the bast. This sheath is composed of one layer
of cells which are smaller than the cells of the parenchyma of the
rind and nearly isodiametric, and their anticlinal walls are fre-
quently oblique.

The outline of the bundle itself, as seen on a cross section, is
oval with the smaller part toward the centre. The outer part of
the bundle is occupied by a heavy cluster of bast cells, which is
convex toward the rind and slightly concave on its inner side.
The remaining elements of the phloem were not distinctly made

286

out. The cambium consists of three or four layers of cells in depth,
with nothing to distinguish it from cambium of ordinary collateral
bundles.

The elements of the xylem are arranged according to the
normal type. Following these elements radially from the cam-
bium, first are found one or two reticulated ducts; after these come
from one to several with annular markings; after these and next to
the pith are one or two marked spirally. All of these ducts are
very small in diameter; no porous ones werefound. The libriform
tissue is not well developed, the walls being hardly thicker than
those of the surrounding parenchyma. Surrounding the reticulated
ducts are small wood-parenchymatic cells.

It has already been said that the bundles are collateral and
open. This statement requires some modification, as in the older
portion of the organ the cambium of the bundles is no longer
evident, its place being taken by differentiated phloem elements.

There is also an indication of the formation of a cambium
ring. Such a ring never really occurs even in the oldest portion of
the organ; but the bundles continue to develop both phloem and
xylem elements until the ordinary method by which herbaceous
stems accommodate themselves to this growth is no longer suffi-
cient. This method, namely, the dilatation of the cells lying near
the bundles, is beautifully illustrated here by the extreme size of
the cells between the bundles. In the early stage of their devel-
opment they are no larger than the cells of pith or rind, but as
they become older they increase rapidly in both tangential and
radial diameter.

This process, however, appears insufficient to keep pace with
the growing cambium, and they now become meristematic, form-
ing new walls which are at first tangential; later, radial walls are
formed. In this manner arise clusters or bands of relatively small
cells, extending from bundle to bundle. While these small cells
appear like the ordinary meristematic tissue of stems whose cam-
bium ring is formed after the bundles appear, they do not continue
meristematic; at least, in the organs studied there was little evidence
that these small cells produced lasting tissue of any kind, and none
whatever of the formation of phloem and xylem elements. One
or two other variations from the common type of dicotyledonous

281

stems may be mentioned. For example, near the base of the
organ, that is, near the point of its attachment to the stem, the
cells described as dividing to form the small cells are like those of
the pith, as shown by the markings of their walls. They lie also
in such a position as to indicate their connection with the pith
rather than the rind cells. Owing’ to this, the bands which they
form appear to connect the xylem parts of the bundles rather than
the cambium layer.

At the other extremity, or near the growing region, this is not
so evident, though the beginning of the division of these cells was
found in a section one centimeter from the fruit.

Near the inner extremity of each bundle is a group of See
Which have been referred to above as resembling the tannin cells
of the family Leguminosae. There are usually several of these
in a cluster, so arranged as to form a semicircle in the transverse
section, whose concave side is toward the bundle. In the long
section they liein continuous rows. They correspond in size and
shape to the larger pith cells, and are conspicuous on account of
their deep brownish-yellow color.

The pith is composed of cells which appear circular in a cross
section, and in a long section are seen to be somewhat elongated
like the other cells of the ground system. The cells composing
the outer edge of the pith are of about the same diameter as those
of the rind tissue, but they increase in size as the centre is ap-
proached. They are provided with numerous pores on the radial
and periclinal walls; these are linear or slit-like, and are ar-
ranged with their long diameters running obliquely from right to
left. On the anticlinal walls, instead of pores, markings very
similar to those of reticulated ducts occur.

The anatomy of the subterranean part of the gynophore
differs from that above ground in the following respects: (1st)
Most of the epidermal cells grow out into long hairs. (2nd)
À growth in thickness occurs by a process similar to that of peri-
derm formation, by which the diameter of the subterranean part
is considerably increased. (3rd) By the absence of plasmolytic
cells in the rind described above.

Nearly all of the epidermal cells develop long thin-walled
one-celled hairs. These average about .8 mm. in length and are

288

from .002 to .02 mm. in the other two dimensions. They are
slightly enlarged at the base, roundly obtuse at the end and filled
with granular contents. No stomata were discovered in the under-
ground portion, but their place was supplied by numerous lenticels.

The examination of a number of sections through this under-
ground portion showed a row of phellogen cells extending around
the stem, interrupted more or less in its regularity by frequent
lenticels. Over that part of the surface where no lenticels occur
three layers of cells had originated from the phellogen layer. By
taking sections through a gynophore which has only begun to
develop hairs, it is seen that this phellogen layer is the first layer
of cells under the epidermis. The order of its development was
not definitely determined, though there were indications that the
first division was centrifugal and the two following centripetal. The
diameter of the organ was thus increased by several layers of
cells, as well as by the outward growth of the numerous lenticels.
This latter fact also accounts for the unevenness of the surface of
the subterranean portion. The cells derived from the phellogen
retained the characteristic form and appearance of periderm. On
testing for suberin, however, they were found to be entirely free
from it, even in the older portions, when the hairs were beginning
to die and separate from the cells below.

The cambium of the bundles throughout this portion was gen-
erally in an active condition, though it is not possible to state the
exact portion of the organ where they lose their meristematic
nature and change into phloem elements.

Experiments with the Hairs of the Gynophore.

Repeated experiments were made with plants bearing young
gynophores which had not yet reached the ground when the plants
were pulled up. Some were placed in a moist chamber and kept in
the light; others were kept in darkness. In every case a narrow
zone of hairs appeared in the course of about a week. This zone
averaged three millimeters in length; its distance from the tip
varied. On gynophores of stems kept in moist chambers in the
light it was about eight millimeters; on those rolled in newspaper
and kept but slightly moistened the zone of hairs was about one
millimeter from the tip.

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289

Schwarz states of his experiment with Pisum sativum that the
hairs arising on the roots of plants raised in damp sawdust ap.
peared between eight and thirteen millimeters from the tip, while
those appearing on a plant of the same kind raised in dry earth,
which offered more resistance than the sawdust, appeared from
three to four millimeters from the tip.

In comparing the growth of gynophore hairs with that of root
hairs it must be remembered that the growing point of the gyno-
phore corresponding to the punctum vegetationis of the root lies
just below the ovary which occupies the extreme tip of this organ.
The ovary, however, is almost microscopically small and remains
so during the growth of the gynophore. To illustrate the ex-
tremely small space occupied by it, the hairs which were not
more than one millimeter from the tips of the gynophores as men-
tioned above were still below the growing point under the ovary.
While this difference in the position of the growing point ex-
ists between root and gynophore, the difference which it makes

in estimating the relative distances of the hairs from the tips is

practically nothing.

The resemblance between these hairs and those of roots was
further tested by repeated experiments in pulling young gyno-
phores carefully from the soil. The minute portions of earth
clung to the hairs and refused to be separated from them in the
same manner as in the case of root hairs. In several instances
these hairs were tested for acids and were found to respond read-
ily to the litmus paper test.

Still another experiment was made which furnishes strong evi-

dence that one function of the gynophore hairs corresponds to the

chief function of those of the root. A large, well developed,
thriftily growing plant was cut in such a manner as to separate
the whole root system from the stems, but the latter were still con-
nected with the ground by numerous well grown gynophores.
The result was that the plant so treated after two weeks still pre-
sented nothing to a superficial inspection to distinguish it from
others in its vicinity whose roots were left intact. Closer exami-
nation showed that some branches were dead; but the majority
were putting out new leaves which appeared quite as strong and
healthy as any of those on similar plants in the vicinity which

290

were supported by roots. Unfortunately these experiments were
begun late in the season, and the appearance of the frost prevented
their continuance.

It is hoped that in a future and more. prolonged study of this
plant, numerous and varied experiments of this nature will fur-
nish additional proof of the conclusion reached above, namely,
that the principal function of the gynophore hair is to furnish a
supply of food material for the use of the developing fruit. It is
hardly necessary to add here that if the secondary function of the
root hair is to hold that part of the root on which it grows firmly,
and so to facilitate the penetration of its tip into the soil, the same
function must also be ascribed to the hairs of the gynophore, as
the conditions are the same in both cases.

Observations on the Root.

On the germination of the first seeds planted for study it was
noticed that there was a rupture of the epidermal cells, extending
around the circumference of the root at the line where it joined the
hypocotyl. The layer of cells so broken curved backward from
the place laid bare, showing that it had been subject to a positive
tension exerted by the underlying layers, which was strong enough
finally to produce the rupture. The portion of the root 50
exposed grew rapidly and turned a slightly yellow. It was
thought at first that this peculiar conduct might de due to the ab-
normal circumstances under which the seeds germinated, as they
were planted in a box of moist sawdust in the laboratory. To
test this, seeds were planted under all available differences of condi-
tion; some in greenhouses under glass, in sawdust ; others in the
same place, but in moist earth. Seeds were planted in the open
air in various localities referred to at the beginning of this article,
but always with the same result. As soon as the seed began to
germinate, the break in the epidermis appeared. A study of the
development of the young embryo was then undertaken with the
following results: The embryo in the seed was found to have a
normally developed primary root. The disposition of its meri-
stems corresponds to that ascribed to the roots of the Legumi-
nosae. After germination the dermatogen ceases to develop new
cells, while the other meristems continue to divide, the outer lay-

291

ers of the periblem tissue taking the place of an epidermis. As
growth continues it appears that the outer layers do not keep pace
with the inner, and cells of the surface are continually peeling off
in rows or single layers many cells in length.

À cross section of a young root shows the outer layers of cells
separating from the inner tissue and from each other by large in-
tercellular spaces, and individual cells may be seen entirely isolated.
In this view the peripheral three or four layers of the tissue of the
Cortex appear as an irregular zone, several cells deep, composed
of cells which resemble the rest of the rind cells in shape, but
which are much smaller. e

These cells are thin walled like the remaining rind parenchyma,
and are distinctly cutinized around their whole circumference.
Thin sections as well as masses were placed in concentrated sul-
phuric acid. It was found that the walls of an outer portion,
composed of these cells described, turned brownish yellow and
remained intact, while the rest of the tissues of the parenchyma
disappeared in a few hours. This cutinized portion was from two
to three cells deep. The walls of the outer cells were entirely
cutinized, while those of the cells next below these were cutinized
on the side toward the circumference only.

The lateral roots show the same peculiar lack of epidermal tissue
and, of course, no hairs appear. In other respects their anatomy
resembles that of the ordinary dicotyledonous root. As they in-
crease in age their outer surface is supplied with a regular peri-
derm, and it is only in the early stages of growth that this peculiar
habit may be observed.

Biological Considerations,

As the plant is only found under cultivation, at the present
day, it is impossible to estimate in what degree its habits may
have been influenced by its artificial surroundings. If, however,
the changes induced by cultivation are generally in the direction
of the inherent tendencies of the plant, emphasizing rather than
changing such tendencies, the fact of cultivation would not enter
largely into the question of the biology of Arachis.

The question of the course of the downward direction of
Srowth of the gynophore has been answered by Charles Darwin,

292

in his work on “The Movements of Plants.” He says that while
apheliotropism may act in some slight measure, geotropism is un-
questionably the exciting cause of the downward movement. He
gives as proof of this the fact that gynophores grew straight down
when the light in the greenhouses entered from one side as well as
from above. His conclusions were corroborated by the experiments
with the gynophore hairs already described, as they served at the
same time to exhibit the geotropism of the downward movement.
The light came to these plants through one window at the side.
When the tips of the gynophores were pointing downward, the
position of the stems was so changed as to reverse the direction
of the tips, causing them to point directly upward. In a very
short time a curve was formed in the growing portion of the gyno-
phore, just below the apex, bringing the tip again to its former
position, that is pointing directly downward. There were also
some slight indications of a tendency of these organs to curve
away from the light.

Darwin also refers to the means by which the organ is enabled
to force its tip into the ground and make its way through it. The
sharp, smooth point of the gynophore, he says, would probably
enable it to penetrate the ground by mere force of growth, but
its action is aided by a circumnutating movement. In evidence
of this, he gives the result of a number of observations where
circumnutation plainly took place.

By the study of its anatomy several other interesting facts
have been obtained. First, the arrangement of the vascular tis-
sues is such as to point clearly to its adaptation to the movement of
the organ. The bundles, as before stated, run singly throughout
its whole length. Furthermore, they lie close together and are
characterized by heavy bast strands. The bast serves to strengthen
the gynophore while pushing its way into the soil; at the same
time pliability is given by means of the separate bundles which
allow a freedom of motion not possible when there is a continuous
ring.

Another and much stronger feature is unquestionably that of
the hairs which form near the tip of this organ whenever and
wherever it reaches the ground and has projected its tip into it
fora slight distance. By this means the part of the organ already

293

grown is held firmly, while the growth near the apex forces the
tip further and further into the soil.

In conclusion, it remains to be considered how much the facts
ascertained in this study contribute to the solution of the question
undertaken.

The fact that so many of the Leguminosae seek the ground
in order to develop their fruit and that such different methods are
employed in the accomplishment of this result must be re-
garded as having some important significance.

Tschirsch in an article on the root tubers of the Leguminosae,
in the Berichte der Deutschen Bot. Ges. 1887, states that one
group of nitrogenous compounds produced by the Leguminosae
can be formed only in darkness and suggests this as a reason for
the subterranean fruit of so many species of this order. This ex-
planation does not answer the question satisfactorily, as Trifolium
Subterraneum plainly seeks to place its fruit under ground, and yet
may both ripen and germinate it above ground. Beyond this the
statement that some nitrates can only be formed in darkness does
not meet with the concurrence of all authorities. It has also been
suggested that the subterranean development of fruit is to enable
it to avoid the danger of being eaten by grazing animals. These
are the only reasons which have been offered in explanation of
this phenomenon.

In reviewing the results obtained in this study, three facts
stand prominently forth: namely, the absence of hairs on the
root, the presence of hairs on the gynophore which may perform
the chief function of root hairs, and lastly, the increased size of
the subterranean part of the gynophore caused by a growth simi-
lar to that producing periderm.

While these facts alone are by no means sufficient to account
for the underground development of the fruit they may at least
furnish some evidence as to what is accomplished by this process.
That the plant is able to take up water from the soil by means of
the gynophore hairs was shown in the experiment where the roots
were severed from the stem. The most puzzling feature in the
anatomy of the gynophore is that of periderm formation in the
Portion under ground. In the large number of gynophores ex-
amined this was a constant feature of the subterranean portion,

294

and it was never found in the part above, except as it may be
considered represented by the lenticels.

As the walls of the new cells are never suberized it may be
suggested that one possible reason for their formation is to increase
the number of cells near the surface, where the water from the soil
comes in through the hairs. Their small size, however, seems to
refute this idea, and even were it admitted as a reason it would not
account for the increase of cells occurring only below ground.

Why do they not increase during the entire length of the
organ, and thus present a normal condition agreeing with the typ-
ical stem? Whatever may be the answer to this question, the in-
crease in the number of cells does furnish an additional reservoir
of some considerable size for the water flowing in from the hairs.

In regard to the roots it is a well-known fact that the few
Angiosperms that are known to be without root hairs are either
plants which grow from bulbs and, therefore, do not require much
nourishment from the soil, or water plants whose epidermis takes
the place of root hairs, or epiphytes which also have no use
for these organs. Arachis differs from all of these, not only in
its need of food from the soil, but in the fact that it lacks both
root hairs and a normal epidermal covering on those portions of
the root where the hairs should develop. This latter fact points
to the possibility that through this it has lost the power to pro-
duce hairs, which at one time belonged to its ancestors.

If this be true, the purpose of the gynophore cannot be simply
to secure more nourishment than can be supplied by the roots, for
they have los? the habit of forming hairs, showing that no great
demand for food supply has been made upon them. If the plant
does not require more nourishment from the soil than might be
supplied by root hairs and yet forms such hairs on the gynophore
instead of the root, we are forced to the conviction that for some
reason it is advantageous to it to take its supply of food from the
gynophore rather than the root. What reason can there be but
one which has for a motive the welfare of the seed ?

It has already been suggested that the plant needs to secure
its seeds against the danger of being eaten by grazing animals.

If this were in fact the purpose it may be seen how the conditions.

discovered facilitate its accomplishment. The fruit is not developed

205

until some time after the gynophore has reached the ground. The
entire growth after the flower is formed is very rapid. If the fruit
were first formed before a growth which pushed it under ground
took place the chances for its safety would be much lessened.. The
fleshy cotyledons are both nutritious and pleasant to the taste
and the seed is a favorite with many animals. The foliage of the
plant is itself rich in nutritient properties and it is known to enrich
the soil when used as a fertilizing agent.

If this were destroyed before the seeds were formed even after
the ovaries were buried in the earth, the fruit could not perfect its
growth unless provision were made whereby it could obtain and
assimilate nourishment without the assistance of the leaves. Light
is not necessary to the formation of proteids, and there is no reason
to suppose that they may not be formed in an organ without
leaves, if the necessary carbohydrates and nitrates are furnished.

The pith and other parenchymatic cells of the gynophore are
stored with starch, and nitrates are obtained through the hairs.
Therefore it is possible that if a growing seed were suddenly cut
off from its normal supply of food by the destruction of the foliage,
it would still be able to obtain a sufficient quantity to ripen it from
the supplies in the gynophore. -

The results so far obtained can only be taken as indications in
favor of the second of the two hypotheses before mentioned. It
is believed that actual proof, either for or against this hypotheses,
may be obtained by a series of physiological experiments.

It is the intention of the writer of this paper to undertake such
a series of experiments in the immediate future, believing that the
results already obtained are such as to warrant the effort to carry
the subject to a more satisfactory conclusion.

Explanation of Plates.
(PLATE 83.)

Fig. A. Portion of longitudinal section through the ovary of a young bud, show-
ing cells bordering the lower side of the cavity of the ovary.
Diagramatic drawing of the same section; x-y corresponds with x-y in A.
Portion of longitudinal section through the ovary of the flower showing the
beginning of the gynophore growth. The rectangular appearance of the cavity of the
ovary has already disappeared. (Compare with A.)

296

D. Portion of a longitudinal section through the ovary after the falling off of the
calyx. Next stage to C. Corresponds to A. N. of C

E. Portion of cross-section through the aerial part of a mature gynophore; a, a
row of plasmolytic cells.

F. Ovary with style still attached.

(PLATE 84.)

A and B. Portions of cross-sections through the underground part of a gynophore,
showing first division of phellogen layer ata. In A is seen the beginning of hairs at
b, c and d

C. Portion of cross-section of subterranean part of gynophore, tes at a the
dilatation and division of cells of ground tissue lying between the bundle

D. Portion of cross-section of the root, showing the zone of cells edm the cir-
cumference, marked sec. in fig. E; a is a cell which has entirely separated and a por-
tion of its length is seen.

E. Di tic drawing of a segment of a cross-section of the root. The wood,

zone is shown at x.
(PLATE 85.)

A. Showing hairs coming on a gynophore of à stem placed under a bell jar.
After this gynophore was pointed downward the position of the stem was reversed so
that the tip of the gynophore pointed upward. It isshown in the figure as it appeared
when again pointing downward. The zone of hairs is seen at a.

B. A segment of a cross-section of gynophore, ea the hairs

C. Diagramatic drawing of a cross-section of the older part of a imus
showing the proportion of bast in the bundle. bid portions represent bas

D. A germinated seed showing at a the line of rupture of the hn of
the root.

A gynophore with fruit just beginning to form. a—aerial part. b—subter-
ranean part.

F. Gynophores bearing developing fruit.

G. A young gynophore which produced hairs while it was wrapped in a damp
newspaper. a—zone of hairs,

MEMOIRS OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB.—PLATE 83.

ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.

MEMOIRS OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB.—PLATE 84.

ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.

MEMOIRS OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB —PLATE 85.

IA

fa

ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.

. TORREY BOTANICAL C
: ‘Vou 1V. te ee = m : | =

-Physalis and |

MEMOIRS

OF THE

TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB.

The North American Species of Physalis and related Genera.
By PER AXEL RYDBERG.

A revision of the genus Pysalis is without doubt much needed.
Any one who has tried, by means of our manuals, to identify the
Species growing in any part of the country, has failed more or less
completely. Especially is this the case in the South and in the
prairie states west of the Mississippi. The reason is not that the
descriptions are so badly drawn, but that only about one-half of
the actual number of species has, as a rule, been recognized. So,
for instance, the State of Missouri has not less than 11 species,
and Florida 13, while Gray's Synoptical Flora contains only 5 and
7 which are recorded as growing in those States respectively. And
yet that work contains the best treatment of our native species.
Even Nebraska was supposed to contain only two species and
one variety. In 1891, when determining a collection made in the
western part of that State for the United States Department of
Agriculture, I came to the conclusion that the State had at least
six good species. The plants were also determined afterwards by
Mr. J. M. Holzinger. I was, however, satisfied neither with his
determination nor with my own, and began from that time to
study the genus, whenever I had any opportunity.

In 1894 I was called to Washington to prepare for publication
the reports of two summers' field work done for the Department
of Agriculture, and then had occasion to study the National
Herbarium. I found, however, that the arrangement and deter-
Mination of the specimens was not satisfactory. I also visited

298

both Columbia College and Harvard University, but the condi-
tion at neither place was much better. The trouble seemed to
be that too many different forms were put together under the same
name. I returned to the University of Nebraska with the deter-
mination to try to revise the genus if possible.

Through the negotiations of Dr. Chas. E. Bessey I secured the
loan of nearly every collection of value in this country, both
public and private. I hereby extend my thanks to professors and
curators of the following institutions, whose collections I have
used: United States Department of Agriculture, Missouri Botanical
Garden (including the Engelmann and Bernhardi collections), Co-
lumbia College (including the Torrey and Meisner collections),
Cornell University, University of Minnesota, University of Tennes-
see, University of Indiana, California Academy of Sciences, Phila-
delphia Academy of Sciences, Agricultural College of Iowa (in-
cluding the Parry and Pammel collections), Agricultural College
of Michigan, Oberlin College, Ind., Franklin and Marshall Col-
lege, Lancaster, Pa., and the University of Wyoming,* and also
to the following persons who kindly loaned me their private col-
lections: Prof. E. L. Greene, Dr. J. M. Coulter, Prof. F. D. Kel-
sey, Dr. A. W. Chapman, Messrs. J. Donnell Smith, Walter Deane,
Cambridge, Mass., B. S. Parish, San Bernardino, Cal., E. L. Suks-
dorf, White Salmon, Wash., Rev. A. B. Langlois, St. Martinsville,
La; Rev. L. H. Lighthipe, Woodbridge, N. J., and Miss Frances
Wilson, Rocky Hill, Ct. Owing to certain rules passed by the
Trustees of the Gray Herbarium, I could not secure the loan of
the collection of Physalis at Harvard, but Dr. B. L. Robinson
kindly sent all type specimens asked for, and last fall I had
occasion to spend two days in the Gray Herbarium, when I saw
the whole collection. For this privilege, as well as for the use of
the botanical library there I am very grateful, as also for the
privilege of looking over the herbarium of the College of Phar-
macy, New York City. I also wish to extend my thanks to Dr.
Chas. E. Bessey and Dr. N. L. Britton for valuable suggestions
and help in my work.

; The only collection in this country which I wished to see and

* Of course, I also had access to Toc of the University of Nebraska and
of the Botanical Survey of the same State

299

have not been able to examine is Elliott's herbarium at Charleston,
S.C. It isa pity that this valuable collection should be at a place
and in such condition that it is made nearly inaccessible to the
botanical world.

At the suggestion of Dr. J. M. Coulter, I have extended the
original plan by including in the monograph, the related genera
Margaranthus, Chamaesaracha ‚and Oryetes. The material used
for the study of these genera has been more limited, consisting
only of the collections of United States Department of Agriculture,
Missouri Botanical Garden, Columbia College, College of Phar-
macy, and Prof. E. L. Greene.

The revision includes not only the native and introduced species
growing in the United States and Canada, but also a few Mexican
ones, collected in the northern part of the border States, Lower
California, Sonora, Chihuahua and Coahuila. They may at any
time be expected to appear within our country. These species
are: Margaranthus tenuis, Physalis subulata, P. leptophylla, P. has-
fata and P. microphysa.

Although most of the herbarium work on Fhysalis and also a
part of the bibliographical work was done at the University of
Nebraska, the most important part of the latter, the collation of the
notes, the final arrangement and the preparation of the manuscript
has been done at Columbia College, whose botanical library fur-
nishes much better facilities. The whole work on Margaranthus,
Chamaesaracha and Oryctes, has also been done at Columbia.

To give a list of all the books referred to, would be useless, as
most of them are given in the bibliography under each species.
The only monographs of real value in existence are those of Nees
von Esenbeck, in Linnaea, Vol.VI, 1831; of Dunal, in De Candolle’s
Prodromus, Vol. XIII, part 1, 1852 ; and of Asa Gray, in the Pro-
ceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Vol.
X, 1875, and in his Synoptical Flora, Vol. II, part 1, 1878. All
these, however, are defective and incomplete. Many new species
and forms have been discovered since the time of their publication,
especially in the West and in Florida. More material has accumu-
lated, which has made it possible to separate out as good species,
forms that were imperfectly known to Dr. Gray, as, for instance,
Physalis lancei folia Nees, P. Carpenteri Riddell, P.arenicola Kearney,

300

P. macrophysa Rydberg, P. versicolor Rydberg and P. ciltosa and
Chamaesaracha crenata, to be described below.

The limitation of the species here recognized, differs also from
that of Dr. Gray. If he had treated Physalis as he did Aster, he
would have had several more species and would not have united
into one such as were rightly kept apart by Dunal. In a genus
where the species are as closely related as they are in P/ysalts itis
not easy to define the limits, especially as intermediate forms
in most cases are found. I must confess that I am far from satis-
fied with my own treatment of P. Philadelphica and P. heterophylla.
I suspect that each consists of more than one species, but I have
been unable to find constant characters that would support a
distinction.

In preparing a monograph of these genera,* I have naturally to
consider the nomenclature of the species. I knew that it was not
in the very best condition, but never imagined that it was in such
chaos as [ really found it. The following will show the most
important cases where changes in the commonly accepted
names are necessary. A practically full synonomy will be found
under each species, but I feel that something needs to be
said in the way of explanation. The changes mentioned are
necessary not merely because the author has tried to follow the
Rochester and Madison rules. They would have been just as
necessary under any accepted rule except one, viz : ** Use whatever
name you please." Most of the the errors are wrong identifica-
tions of species or misapplication of names. The changes here
proposed are not hastily made, as I have compared all the species
with the original descriptions and drawings and also with the type
specimens when possible. I have had access to all types preserved
in American herbaria, except one, viz: that of P. lanceolata Ell.,+
but that name cannot stand as there is an older and accepted 7.
lanceolata Michx.{ I have seen the original descriptions of all
species and varieties, at least in reprint or in manuscript copies,
and also that of nearly every synonym.

* The larger part of the following discussion, although under a different title, was
read before the Botanical Seminar of the University of Nebraska, May 27, 1895.

FEIL Bot, S. C, 8 1: 48

+ Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 149. 1803.

301

In the first edition of Linnaeus’ Species Plantarum, there are
nine species of Physalis described, of which six are accredited to
America. Of these six two are frutescent and are now referred
to the genus Withania. Hence there remain only. four American
species which were known to Linnaeus in 1753, viz: P. viscosa,
P. angulata, P. pubescens and P. pruinosa. Besides these, P. Alke-
kengi has escaped from cultivation in a few places.

Physalis Alkekengi* has been well understood from its first pub-
lication, and can scarc ly be confounded with any of our native spe-
cies. The whitish, more plainly 5-lobed corolla distinguishes it
from all of them.
` Physalis viscosa L.t is without any doubt the plant that now
appears under that name in our manuals. The name viscosa re-
fers to the viscid berry. Unfortunately there are several other
Species that have viscid fruit and the choice of name did not hap-
pen to be a good one. Thinking the name referred to the viscid
pubescence, most of the earlier American authors, as Pursh,
Eaton, Darlington, Beck, Torrey and at first also Gray, applied it
to another perennial species, Physalis heterophylla Nees,{ P
Virginiana Gray $ not Mill| Roth applied it to ?. Pew was
and P. viscosa Jacq. is either P. Virginiana Mill. or P. heterophylla
Nees. This may partly account for the many synonyms under P.
viscosa L. Gmelin called it P. nutans and Walter P. tomentosa,§,
which was changed to P. Walteri by Nuttall,** as there were al-
ready two species which had been described under this name, viz:
P. tomentosa Medicustt and P. tomentosa Thunberg.it

The remaining Linnaean species of 1753 are not as well under-
Stood. The diagnosis in each case is very vague and incomplete,
and agrees as well or as badly with any of our annual species, and
diei) can be sure that the name — to the Kae to which

*L. Sp. P Pl. Lise à 1763.

+ L. Sp. PL 183. 1753.

1 Linnaea, 6: 4635. 1831.

$ Gray, Syn. Fl. 2: pt. 1, 235. 1878.

| Mill. Gard. Dict. Ed. E no, 4. 1768.
*| Walt, Fl. Car. 99.

** Journ. Acad. Mi 7: 112. 1834.

H Act. Acad, Theod, Palat, 4: 184. 1780.
+4 Thunb. Prod. Pl. Cap. 37. 1794.

302

it is commonly applied. As to P. angulata L.,* there has been
some doubt as to whether it is is the same as P. angulata of our
manuals or P. obscura Michx.+ Nees von Esenbeckf cited the
latter as a synonym of P. angulata and for the plant that now
goes under that name, he proposed the name P. ZinkianaS as
the only available synonym, P. dubia Link,| was antedated by
P. dubia Gmelin. One of the synonyms cited under P. angulata
both by Linnaeus and Nees is * Alkekéngi indicum glabrum
chenopodiifolio. Dill. Elth. p. 13,4 72, f. 72,” which figure gives
a fair representation of the plant now known as P. angulata
Linkiana (Nees) Gray.** Furthermore, the leaves of that plant re-
semble those of Chenopodium viride, a statement that can scarcely
be made with reference to P. obscura Michx. In my opinion
P. Linkiana Nees is the true P. angulata. Dunal, in De Candolle's
Prodromus,tt corrects Nees, stating that P. obscura Michx. is not
a synonym of P. angulata L., but makes a mistake when he refers
the former to his own species P. Hirsuta ft that is to P. pubescens
L. He retains P. angulata and P. Linkiana as two distinct species,
while Gray makes the latter a variety of the former. Hemsley,
in Biologia Centrali Americana, regards P. Linkiana as a synonym
of P. angulata.

Physalis pubescens L.S$ and Physalis pruinosa LI are included
in one species by Nees and Gray, although the former recognizes
pruinosa as a variety. There are, however, two distinct species in
the United States which might claim the name P. pudbescens, one
diffuse, with small thin ovate leaves, which are sub-entire at least
at the base; the other more or less erect, with large thicker leaves,
which are coarsely sinuate-dentate and somewhat resemble those
of P. heterophylla Nees, The former I take as P. pubescens L., the

st. CS PI. 183, 1753.

| Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. 1: 181. 1821.
«| See foot note, Linnaea, 6: 471. 1831.
** Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 64. 1874.

903

latter as P. pruinosa. The whitish pubescence often found on the
latter looks at a distance somewhat like mealiness, which, perhaps
made Linnaeus give it the characters “ divaricationibus farinaceo-
germinantibus.” It sometimes has yellow anthers, which is given
asa character by Linnaeus. The view taken here is practically
that held by Nees,* although I think that Z. pruinosa deserves
specific rank. Dunal, as far as I can judge, confuses the two, as
his description of P, pubescens fits rather that of P. pubescens f.
Nees, t which, according to Nees, is the same as P. pruinosa L.
Yet he cites under it as a synonym P. pubescens a Nees (P.
pubescens L.), He describes a species under the name P. /ursuta,t
and as varieties of this he places P. pubescens $. Nees, (P. pruinosa
LA and P. Barbadensis Jacq.,§ but his description corresponds with
that of P. pubescens a. Nees. It is evident that Dunal has con-
fused P. pubescens L. and P. hirsuta Mart. & Gal, | a Mexican spe-
cies not found at all within the United States. The characters by
which it differs from P. pubescens are given in Walp. Rep. 6: 574,
iz., the long setaceously acuminate calyx-lobes.

What makes me think still more that P. 4irsuta Dunal is the
true P. pubescens L. is that it is the species dispersed throughout
the warmer regions of the world, while P pubescens Dunal is, as far
as I know, restricted to North America. The locality given by
Linnaeus for P. pubescens is “India utraque," and for P. pruinosa,
“ America.”

Another species found within the United States and often con-
fused with the two preceding is one recently collected in Mis-
souri, Kansas, etc. It differs in the shorter calyx lobes. Dr.
Britton has named it P. minima L, and regards it as introduced.
Very likely the identification is right, or rather it is the plant
that has been known by this name. At least it is nearly related to
it. The description of P. minima L., however, does not fit it at
all. The characters given, * Physalis ramosissima pedunculis fruc-
tiferis folio longioribus," could only be applied to o one > American

is Linnaea, 6 6: : 467-8. Bae
t Linnaea, 6: 467 1831.

1781.
pe & Gall. in Bull Brux. 12: Part 1. 132. 1845.
TL. Sp. PL 183. 17553.

304

annual species, viz., P. Greenei Vasey & Rose* (P. pedunculata
Greenet, not Mart. & Gal). It is impossible that Linnaeus had
this rare plant from Lower California, which therefore can not be
P. minima. 'The Linnaean species was from India. Both the
locality and the characters given above make it impossible that
our plant is P. minima, unless a serious error is made in the orig-
inal description.

Nees suggests that the statement that the pedicels of the fruit-
ing calyx are longer than the leaves may be a typographical error,
and perhaps meant longer than the petioles of the leaves. In
Miller's Dictionary$ 2. minima is thus characterized. But even
then our species does not agree with the description, as the pedi-
cels are generally much shorter than the petioles. If P. suma
of Linnaeus and that of Miller are the same, the name P. minima
does not belong to our species, as P. minima of Miller is a smooth
plant and generally regarded as the same as Z. Indica Lam.|| The
first synonym cited by Linnaeus under P. minima is “Solanum
vesicarium indicum minimum Herm. Lugb. 569, pl. 571.” This
according to Nees, is also glabrous and is by him included in P
Indica. Dunal in DC. Prodr. makes it the type of a new species,
P. Hermanni. Probably it is only a form of P. /udica Lam., but
is the one that has the right to be called P. minima L., unless the
type specimens in the Linnaean herbarium, if there are any, show
that this species is something else. Anyhow, our species has no
right to the name. From the description of P. parvifora R. Br.
in De Candolle's Prodromus,** it seems as if it were that species,
but the original description in Robert Brown's Prodromus Novae
Hollandiae++ is different, and P. parviflora R. Br. is now generally
regarded as a form of P. Indica Lam. P. parviflora Lagascaii is
the same as P. minima, not of Linnaeus, but as that pcs has

* Cont. U. s. n Herb. 1: E Hoo.

+ Pittonia, 1: 268. 1889.

+ Bull. Acad. Brux. 12: pt. 1, 132. 1845.

S 8th Edition, no. 11. 1768. s
| Lam. Encycl. 2: 102.

DS DC, Prodr. 13: pt. 1, 445. 1852.
++ R. Br. Prodr. Nov. Holl., M 1810.
tt Lag. Gen. & Sp. 1

305

been understood by Nees, Dunal, etc. As 2 parviflora Lagasca
is antedated by that of Robert Brown, we have to use the name
P. Lagasee R. & S.* for our species, unless it turns out to be a
new one.

In the appendix to the second edition of Species Plantarum,t
Linnaeus describes two more species, viz: P. Pennsylvanica and
P. Peruviana, both American. Nothing need be said about the
identity of the latter, as it is now well understood. According to
Nees there is a specimen of this in the Linnaean herbarium labelled
P. pubescens. Perhaps this was the reason why Robert Brown f
describes specimens of P. Peruviana under this name. Forms of
this wide-spread species have been described under several names,
as P. esculenta Willd., P. tomentosa Medic., P. tuberosa Zuccagni.
P. latifolia Lam., P. edulis Sims, P. Barbadensis Lam. The name
P. Peruviana has also been used erroneously by Roxburgh for
P. pubescens and by Wallroth for P. angulata.

P. Pennsylvanica has caused much trouble, and the name has
been applied to P. Virginiana Mill., P. heterophylla Nees, P. Phila-
delphica, P. viscosa, etc. The Linnaean description certainly does
not help to identify it. There are only two American species that
have the berry as small as the size of a pea, viz: P. microphysa
Gray and P. Carpenteri§ The first is a rare plant from Mexico ; both
are so different from others that no confusion is possible. In neither
are the leaves smooth above and puberulent beneath. There are
forms of P. Virginiana Mill,| not Gray, (2. lanceolata Gray ,**
not Michx.+}) and P. arenicola Kearney,]t that sometimes have
leaves smooth above and slightly hairy beneath, especially on the
veins, but both have berries of the size of a garden cherry and the
pubescence cannot be called puberulent. The former and also
forms ot f£. Philadelphica and P. longifolia Nutt. sa are often. found,

D? & S, Syst. 4: 679. 1819.
+L. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2: 1670. 1762
R. Br. Prodr. Nov. Holl, 447. SUN

S See below

| Mill. Gard. Dict. Ed. 8,no.4. 1768.

T Gray, Syn. FL 2: pt. 1: 235. 1878.

** Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 67. 1874.

tt Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 149. 1803.

+} Bull. Torr. Club, 21: 485. ge

SS Trans, Am, Phil. Soc. (II.) 5: 193. 1833-37.

906

even in our largest herbaria, labelled P. Pennsylvanica. I suppose
this is so because Dr. Gray used that name in the fifth edition of
his Manual for the complex species which he afterward called P.
lanceolata.* From the description one would think that P. Penn-
sylvanica were one of the forms there included, rather than a form
of P. viscosa. But as such careful workers as Nees and Dunal, and
Gray in his later years, classed P. Pennsylvanica among the stellate
species, either as a form of P. viscosa or as a species nearly related
to it, I shall also leave it there, especially as I have seen at Har-
vard University, a tracing of the specimen in the Linnaean her-
barium. It resembles a small-leaved form of 7. viscosa and a
note in pencil states that the pubescence is-stellate. This does
not agree with the Linnaean description which gives it as pruinose.
The real nature of the pubescence of 7. viscosa is hard to make
out with the naked eye and Linnaeus states somewhere that he
could not work with “oculis armatis. This may be the reason
why he called the pubescence pruinose instead of stellate.

In the eighth edition of Miller's Gardeners' Dictionary, 1768,
'there are several species named and described. Except those
mentioned above, I do not know that there are any of interest to
us, except P. Virginiana.t Most authors regard it as synonymous
with P. lanceolata Michx.,+ others as the same as P. Pennsylvanica
L., probably because both have been misunderstood and confused.
Dr. Gray adopted the name P. Virginiana for the common broad-
leaved, viscid perennial, which should be known as P. heterophylla
Nees.$ He gives the reason for so doing in the Synoptical Floral|
where we read: * This early name of Miller, taken up for the
present species in Proc. Am. Acad., Le, must from the size of the
flower belong to it, or to a broad-leaved and hairy form of P. /an-
ceolata. Miller's remark that the root does not creep in the
ground is most applicable to the latter; but the color, as well as
the size of the corolla and the ‘ pale yellow ' fruit, also the diffuse
growth, best accord with this common species." From this it may
be: seen that Dr. Gray was not certain that he applied men name

* Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 67. 1874. ——

+ Mill. Gard, Dict. Ed. 8, no. 4. 1768.

1 Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 149. 1803.

€ Linnaea, 6: 463, 1831.

] Gray, Syn. Fl. 2: pt. 1, 235. 1878.

907

tothe right species. Had he referred it to a broad-leaved and
hairy form of P. lanceolata Michx., as he understood the same, he
would have done the right thing. But evidently Dr. Gray had
never seen this form exactly like the figure in Miller's Illustra-
tions, plate 206. f. r. As far as I can remember, there are no
specimens of it in the Gray Herbarium. I have had for study all
the important collections of Physalis in the United States. In all,
it is represented by specimens from only a dozen localities and all
collected since 1886. It is, therefore, easy to find an excuse for
Dr. Gray's erroneous application of the name P. Virginiana. All
forms of P. Virginiana Miller or P. lanceolata Gray* have a thick
more or less fleshy and erect caudex, while P. heterophylla Nees (P.
Virginiana Gray) generally has a slender creeping rootstock. As
far as the size and color of the corolla is concerned there is no con-
stant difference between them, both being very variable. The only
character not agreeing with P. lanceolata Gray, as described in the
Synoptical Flora, is the color of the fruit, but this varies in several
Species, and why not in this also. P, lanceolata Gray will there-
fore become P. Virginiana Miller. It represents the most common
form of that species.

Physalis Philadelphica + is not very well understood. In our
herbaria we find specimens under this name that belong to widely
distinct species, viz: forms of P. angulata L.,and of P. aequata Jacq.,+
fruiting specimens of P. Alkekengi of P. Virginiana Mill and
even of P. Carpenteri.§ As I understand P. Philadelphica Lam.,
it is a species nearly related to P. longifolia Nutt., || but with
broader leaves. It is as often perennial as annual (the original
description says annual), but is the only species of the eastern
United States that fits the description of P. Philadelphica at all,
except P. aequata Jacq., which, however, is not a native, but re-
cently introduced. In describing P. longifolia, Nuttall states that
it is nearly related to P. chenopodifolia. Evidently he meant
P. chenopodi ifolia of Willdenow, * and not that of Lamarck.* 7

* Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 67. 1874.

+ Lam. Encycl. 2: ror, 1786. j
+ Nees in dëng 6: 470. 1831.

& See be

| Trans. pes Phil. Soc. IL, 5:193. 1833-37:

T Willd. Sp. Pl. 1: 1023. 1798.

** Lam. Ill. 2: 28. 1793.

908

The former has always been regarded as a synonym of P. Phila-
delphica Lam. Lamarck cites Miller's figure 1, plate 206, but as
stated before this is P. Vzrginiana. Undoubtedly he only looked
at the figure without reading the description. Miller describes
his plant as perennial and hairy, Lamarck his as annual and
glabrous. As far as Miller's figure is concerned it might as well
represent one as the other. One thing that has caused much
confusion, is that P. Philadelphica is generally described as the
only species in which the berry fills and even bursts the calyx, a
character that is far from constant, and also found in ?. longifolia
Nutt., and still more common in P. aeguata Jacq. The character
is not given in the original descriptions of either P. Philadelphica
Lam. or P. chenopodifolia Willd. It is given in the original de-
scription of P. ovata Poir.,* which has been regarded as a syn-
onym of P. Philadelphica Lam. To me it seems more likely to be
a synonym of P. aequata. As far as this latter is concerned, it is
rightly understood and the plant agrees perfectly with Jacquin's
description and plate,f but unfortunately there is an older name
P. 1socarpa Brot., described in Hornem. Hort. Hafn, and the
species must take that name.

N. J. Jacquin described P. Barbadensist in 1781. It is nearly
related to P. pubescens and P. pruinosa, and has been regarded as
a variety of the former species. It differs from it in its erect
habit, its larger, more cordate and more toothed leaves, and its
larger, more elongated fruiting calyx. It was based on Dillenius'
figure of “ Solanum Barbadense nanum Alliariae folio,’ which is
cited by Linnaeus as a synonym under P. pruinosa in the second
edition of Species Plantarum. Elliott, therefore, adopted the
name P. pruinosa for P. Barbadensis. The reference is, however,
not found in the first edition of Species Plantarum, and according
to Dunal, and others, Linnzus erred when he referred Dil-
lenius’ plant to his species P. pruinosa. P. Barbadensis is well dis-
tinct from P. pruinosa, but differs from P. obscura Michx. § in no
other a. than in its hairiness. The two are but one aper

* Poir., in Lam. SUPER Supit s 2: 344. 1661,
+ Jacq. f. Eclog. 2: ai 137. 1844.

t Jacq. Misc. 2: 359. 1781.

S Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 149. 1803.

309

Michaux describes also P. obscura viscido-pubescens, which must
be P. Barbadensis Jacq. or perhaps P. pruinosa.

What P. lanceolata Michx.* is, is hard to determine. It
should be a perennial species from North Carolina, with lanceo-
late, subentire and subsessile leaves and hirsute calyx. No spe-
cies has, as a rule, subsessile leaves, but the other characters fit
two different plants. One is a rare plant from the Southern
States, Florida, Alabama, etc. It has thin subentire leaves, but
otherwise resembles most P. Virgimana, but with the pubescence
of the stem somewhat viscid, and in this respect approaches 7* et-
erophylla Nees. The other one, for which I adopt the name P.
lanceolata, resembles much P. pumila Nutt.f (P. lanceolata hirta
Grayt), except that it lacks the branching of the hairs on the
lower surface of the leaves. It differs from P. Virginiana Miller
(P. Pennsylvanica Gray§ and P. lanceolata Gray || mainly, as to the
description) in the fruit, which is greenish yellow, not reddish; in
the fruiting calyx, which is scarcely angled and scarcely sunken at
all at the base; and in the leaves, which are thicker, dark green, and
with entire margins. Although Dr. Gray rather describes P. Vir-
giniana in his Synoptical Flora, he evidently regarded this form
as the typical P. /anceolata Michx., as he names it in his Manual,
5th edition, P. Pennsylvanica lanceolata®. At first I doubted very
much that it was the true P. lanceolata Michx., as it is mainly a
western species, principally found west of Mississippi, but I found
afterwards specimens collected by Ravenel in both North and
South Carolina.

Physalis lanceolata, as treated by Gray in the Synoptical Flora,
comprises with its varieties not less than six, or perhaps rather
seven, distinct species, viz.: i

1. P. Virginiana Mill (P. Pennsylvanica Gray, Man., 5th edition,
and P. lanceolata Gray, Synoptical Flora, mainly).

2 Le arenicola: Kearney.” Ke

a Michx. FL “Bo or, Am. I: nj 803.

+ Trans. Am, Phil, Soc. Eye ds 1833-37.
1 Proc, Am, Acad, 10: 68, 1874.

8 Gray, Man, Ed, 5, 382. 1867.

| Proc. Am, qe 10: 67. 1874.

"| Gray, Man, Ed, 5, 382. 1867.

** Bull, Torr. eu. 21: 485. 1

310

3. P. lanceolata Michx. (P. Pennsylvanica lanceolata Gray, Man.,
5th edition).

4. P. pumila Nutt. (P. lanceolata hirta Gray*).

5. P. longifolia Nutt.f (P. lanceolata laevigata Gray] ).

6. P. macrophysa Rydberg.§

7. An undescribed Texan species, nearly related to P. longi-
folia and characterized in this paper.

In 1827 Dr. Torrey described P. lobatall. Dr. Gray states {
that Solanum luteiflorum Dunal,** or at least the var. subintegri-
folium: is the same, but this is a mistake. The description does
not fit P. /obata at all. There is a poor specimen, without flower
and fruit, of the variety in the Torrey Herbarium at Columbia
College, and another at Harvard from the original collection. Al-
though they resemble somewhat P. /obata in the form of the
leaves, etc. they may just as well belong to Chamaesaracha, as, for
instance, a form of C. Coronopus Gray.*f Dunal in De Candolle's
Prodromus places Solanum luteiflorum next before S. Coronopus,
which is the same as Chamaesaracha Coronopus Gray.

In the addenda to the Synoptical Flora, Gray also refers
Chamaesaracha physaloides Greene $1 to P. lobata, which is another
mistake. The former is Gray's own Physalis WrigAtz $8 as shown
by the type, which is only a better developed specimen than
Gray's. |

Nuttall describes five new species, viz: P. angustifolia and P.
Walteri in the Journal of the Academy of Philadelphia,||| and 7*
pumila, P. longifolia and P. mollis in the Transactions of the Ameri-
can Philosophical Society. P. angustifolia and mollis are known
under their respective names. P. Walteri is is P. viscosa a LAT as as

` # Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 68. : 187

+ Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.(IL) 5: 193. 1833-37.
1 Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 68. 1874.

§ Bull. Torr. Club, 22: 308. 1895.

11 Bull. Torr. Club, 9: 122. 1882.
$8 Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 63. 1874.
|] 7: 112-113. 1834,

T5: 193-4. 1833-37.

311

stated before. P. longifolia is the same as P. lanceolata levigata
Gray, but is a good species and should be known by its Nuttallian
name. P. pumila is cited by Gray as a synonym of P. lanceolata,
but Nuttall's type specimen in the herbarium of the Philadelphia
Academy of Sciences, shows that it is the same as 7. lanceolata hirta
Gray. In the “ New Check List’’* it bears the name P. cinerascens
(Dunal) Hitchcock,t with the synonym P. Pennsylvanica cinerascens
Dunal.} This is simply an incorrect identification, as P. mellis
cinerascens (Dunal) Gray $ does not grow in Kansas.

In 1831 Nees ab Esenbeck published his revision of PAysalis in
Linnæa.|| This excellent work seems to have served as the found-
ation for Gray's revision in the Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 62-68.
Gray follows Nees closely, but, as far as I can find, does not give
him credit anywhere. The following new North American species
are described: P. heterophylla, lanceifolia and Linkiana. P. hetero-
Phylla and Linkiana have been discussed before. P. lanceifoliaf
is mainly Mexican, but forms belonging to it come within the
United States. Specimens collected by Schott and Thomas, and
referred doubtfully to P. Wrightii by Gray,** belong here. It is
nearly related to P. Wright and P. angulata, but has much
smaller flowers. Specimens under the name P. lanceifolia Nees,
collected by Rügelat the mouth of St. Mark's River, Florida, have
caused much trouble’ and several new species have been proposed
for the same. The cause of the confusion can easily beseen. The
original distribution contains at least three distinct species. The
specimens preserved in the Engelmann Herbarium represent two,
one annual, a form of P. lanceifolia Nees, but with narrower leaves,
and one perennial, a form of P. Virginiana Mill. In the Colum-
bia College Herbarium it is represented by specimens exactly like
the € original specimens ot P Pennsylvanica. spathulacfolia Torr. qt tt

* List of Pteridophyta er Beer, growing without pp in North-
eastern North America, in Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club, Vol,
navn Spring. Fl. Manh. 32. 1894.
1 DC. Prod. 13: pt. 1, 435. 1852.
S Proc, Fun Acad, 10: 66. 1874.
3

** Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 63. 1874.
++ Torr, Bot. Mex. at 163 1859.

512

was on these specimens of P. lanceifolia, at least in part, that Kunze
based his P. Æfliottü.* It is so indicated on the label. His de-
scription agrees, except to the pubescence of the calyx, which
must have been taken from the specimens of P. Virginiana. The
name P. viscosa spathulacfolia has therefore to give away to P.
Elliott, which is the older. Kunze thinks that it may be P.
lanceolata Ell. It might possibly be so (I have not seen Elliott's
specimens); but from the original description, and according to
Dr. Gray, who had seen Elliott’s herbarium, this is a form of P.
viscosa.

Gray included in his P. viscosa spathulefolia,t also narrow-leaved
forms of P. viscosa L. They are, so far as I can judge, what
Nees and Dunal regarded as P. Pennsylvanica L. but this is, as
stated before, only a small-leaved form of P. viscosa proper. The
only available name is P. maritima Curtis. In the original de-
scription, Curtis gives only one synonym, viz.: P, pubescens Engel.
& Gray, PI. Lindh. and Lindheimer's specimens belong to this va-
riety of P. viscosa. It will be known as P. viscosa maritima (Curtis).

In 1874, Dr. Gray published his revision of the genus in the
Proc. American Academy. Here three species and several va-
rieties are described. The species are P. Wrightit, P. hedreacfolia
and P. Fendleri. A few remarks on P. Wrightiü were made under
P. lobata. P. hederaefohat and P. Fendleri are also good species
The name of the former has been changed in the * New Check
List" to P. digitalifolia (Torr.) Britton.$ The change, however,
was unwarranted. It is true that it is the same as P. Alkekengi?
var. digitalifolia Torr.|| but this was simply a wrong identifica-
tion. Dr. Torrey believed that it was P. Alkekengi digitalifolia
Dunal* Dr. Gray also held that the identification was erroneous
as he gives asa synonym under P. hederacfolia, P. Alkekengt ?
var. digitalifolia (vix. Dunal) Torr. 1. c.

In the Synoptical Flora, Dr. Gray a adds P Zeimet." = a: have
` *Linnaea,20:33. 1847. p

+ Proc. Am. Acad. 10:67. 1874.

f Proc. Am. Acad, 10: 65. 1874.

$ Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, 5: 288. 1894.

| Torr. Mex. Bound. Surv. 153. 1859.

TDC. Prod, 15: p ft, 438. 358

** Gray, Syn. Fl, 2: pt. 1, 235. 1878.

913

the type specimens as a loan from Harvard and they show that it
is nothing but a form of P. hederaefolia with the pedicels slightly
longer than usual. It scarcely deserves varietal rank.

In a note just before P. grandiflora, Dr. Gray writes:* «P.
Carpenteri Riddell, Cat. Fl. Ludov. (N. O. Med. and Surg. Journal
8: 758, 1852, name only), referred to Withania Morisoni in Bot.
Gazette, 3: II, is some adventitious Athenaca.” In the collections
there are about half a dozen specimens from Louisiana, Alabama
and Florida. It is plain that it is not Withania Morisoni Dunal.[ It
is not an Athenaea, as characterized by Bentham & Hooker or
Dunal, as the corolla is not divided to or below the middle and its
lobes are not valvate. It has the corolla of Physalis. The calyx is
inflated, as in that genus, but not angled, in the original specimens
often with very unequal lobes. The latter characters and the fact
that the flowers are in fascicles seem to throw it out of Physalis
and into Athenaea. But in P. Wright Gray, the flowers are some-
times found in twos, threes or even fours, and in specimens of P.
Carpenteri of later collections, as, for instance, Nash, no. 2503, the
calyx-lobes are short and equal and the flowers solitary. I have
compared the present species with P. Æptophylla Robinson &
Greenman, t which is without doubt a Physalis, and the latter dif-
fers in no respect except that the flowers are always solitary, some-
what smaller, the lobes of the calyx equal, and the fruiting calyx
a little larger and of somewhat firmer texture. I regard, therefore,
P. Carpenteri as a Physalis, but what name shall it receive and how
shall it be cited? Physalis Carpenteri Riddell, in Cat. Fl. Ludov.
is a nomen nudum. In the Botanical Gazette, Dr. Chapman
describes it under Withania Morisoni, but it is not W. Morisoni
Dunal. The description is not long, but well characterizes the
plant. Physalis Carpenteri Riddell, is given as a synonym. So
here is a description and a name, hence a publication, and it
should be cited: Physalis Carpenteri Riddell; Chapman in Bot.
Gaz. 3: 11, 1878, as a synonym under Withania Morisonti Chap-
man, not Dunal.

A few changes are also here proposed in the limitations of

* Syn. FL 2: pt. 1, 233. 1878.
+ DC. Prod. 13: pt. 1,454 1852.
1 Proc. Am. Acad. 29: 389. 1894.

‚ 914

genera. Physalis grandiflora Hook is made the type of a new
genus. It rather belongs to Chamaesaracha than to Physalis. It
lacks the essential characters of the latter. The fruiting calyx is
neither angled, nor ten-ribbed, nor reticulate. It is thin, indis-
tinctly veined, closely fitting to the fruit and open at the mouth.
The only floral character which differs from Chamaesaracha nana
is the length of the calyx-lobes, which much exceed the fruit.
The corolla of P. grandiflora is that of a Chamaesaracha, 1. e.,
widely rotate and white, or sometimes tinged with purple. In
Physalis the corolla is open-campanulate rather than rotate and
with a few exceptions more or less yellow. Evidently P. grandi-
flora should be removed from Physalis. As it is so nearly related
to Chamaesaracha nana (differing, as I thought, principally in the
length of the calyx), I transferred it at first to that genus, but
have decided at last to make it the type of a new one. I have
so decided mostly from the fact that the calyx is at first
somewhat inflated, a character never found in Chamaesaracha.
This is not seen in herbarium specimens, but my authority is
Prof. C. F. Wheeler, of Michigan Agricultural College, who
knows the plant in the field.

Physalis lobata is also taken out of the genus. It comes nearer
to Chamaesaracha than to Physalıs in every respect except
in the fruiting calyx. It differs however from both genera in the
structure of the seeds, in the color and form of the corolla and in
being somewhat fleshy. It is the type of a distinct genus.

If two more of the species, P. microphysa and P. Alkekengt
could be also removed, the genus would be a very natural
one. In the former the fruiting calyx is nearly that of an
Athenaea, while the corolla is of a true Physalis. In P. Alke-
kengi, the corolla is whitish and much deeper cleft. If held dis-
tinct from Physalıs, it would together with P. Sendtneri constitute
a genus (Megista Tourr.) of European origin, while PAysalis proper
is principally American.

The genera included in the monograph all belong to the tribe

Solaneae: Corolla (mostly short) with regular limb plicate or
valvate in the bud, usually both, z. ¢., the sinuses or what answ
to them plicate and the edges of the lobes induplicate. Stam
(normally 5) all perfect. Fruit baccate or at least bee

315

sometimes nearly dry. Seeds flattened; embryo curved or coiled,
| slender, the semiterete cotyledons not broader than the radicle.*
| I.. Anthers unconnected, destitute of terminal pores, dehiscent longitudinally.
| a. Fruiting calyx bladdery-inflated, s-angled and deeply 5-parted; ovary
| 3-5-loculed. (Physalodes.)
b. Fruiting calyx bladdery-inflated, 5-lobed, but not parted, 10-costate and
often 5-10-angled, reticulated, wholly enclosing the berry, lobes mostly con-
nivent; ovary I-loculed.
Corolla yellowish or greenish, often tinged with violet, urceolate, minutely toothed on
the more or less contracted orifice Margaranthus.
Corolla hin api n yev or whitish, often with a dark emer? seeds with a
thin n, finely pitted. Physalis
Corolla ue SRM violet or purple; seeds thick, se-tuberculate, Quincula,
€. Fruiting calyx SC enlar pei, but closely an to e ge thin, ob-

rely veiny, open a h
Corolla had whitish; lobes P the fruiting calyx much xo the berry.
Leucophysalis,
Corolla rotate, whitish sometimes tinged with purple; fruiting calyx not exceeding
the berry. Pus maesaracha
Corolla tubular, ochroleucous or purplis ryctes,
Fruiting calyx enlarged, inr expanding under i fruit.

(Saracha).
€. Fruiting calyx not much enlarged, generally small.
( Capsicum, Salpichroa, etc.).
2. Anthers connate or connivent, either tipped with an empty acumination or with
an apical pore

|
|

, \
(Lycopersicum, Solanum, etc.).

. Margaranthus Schlecht.
Margaranthus Schlecht Ind. Sem. Hort. Hal. 18
nnual

tracted at the orifice, minutely 5-toothed. Stamens inserted at p
upper end of the tubular portion, with short filaments, more o
less connivent and included in the corolla, opening by 2 Fear
nal slits. Style slightly exerted; stigma entire. Seeds numerous,
flattened, kidney-shaped, mi inutely tubercled.
Corolla urceolate, much constricted at the orifice, very saccate, sinuses between ihe
lobes narrow ; anthers long, slightly tapering upward. 1. M. tenuis.
Corolla eer less constricted at the orifice, less saccate; sinuses broad and shal-
Ow; anthers shorter, oblong; calyx about 14 the length of the corolla, in fruit
about 8 mm. in diamefer. 2. M. solanaceus.

* These characters of the tribe are taken from Gray, Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 224,

316

Corolla as in preceding, but tubular portion longer; anthers oblong; calyx larger,
fully 24 the length of the corolla, in fruit 12-15 mm. in diameter.
3. M. purpurascens,
Corolla campanulate-urceulate, little if at all constricted at the orifice.
4. M. Lemmoni.

1. Margaranthus tenuis Miers, Ill. S. A. Pl.2: 74. pl. 57. 1849-57;
Dunal, in DU; Prod. 13: part 1, 685.

Stem very slender, sharply angled, divaricately branched,
glabrous or the upper parts slightly strigose with short hairs;
leaves lanceolate, membranaceous, long-acuminate, subentire or
sometimes few-toothed, tapering into a slender petiole; the short
peduncles and calyx strigose; the latter campanulate, less than half
the length of the corolla, its lobes short, broadly triangular; corolla
urceolate, obtusely 5-angled, considerably saccate, much con-
stricted at the orifice so that the orifice is narrower than the short
cylindrical tube below, yellowish, with the sacs and the teeth
tinged with purple; teeth lanceolate, divergent, the sinuses be-
tween them narrow ; anthers long, half as long as the corolla, ta-
pering upward; fruiting calyx round-ovoid, about 10 mm. g
eter.

Gray includes M. tenuis in M. solanaceus, but a comparison be-
tween Miers' figures of the first and Schlechtendal's plate of the
second, is only needed to show that the structure of the flower is
very different. The herbarium specimens show the same
characters.

The specimens of M. tenuis from the original collection, the
only ones I have seen, are much more slender than any of M.
solanaceus and have much narrower leaves.

Mexico: Coulter, no. 1220. (Type).

N

. Margaranthus solanaceus Schlecht. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hal.

1838; Linnaea, 13: litt. 99. (1839); Dunal, in DC. Prod. 13: part

1, 453; Gray, Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 237; Hemsley, Biol. Cent.

Am. 2: 24; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 154; Coult. Cont. U. S.

Nat. Herb. 2: 301.

Stem slender, more obtusely angled, divaricate, slightly stri-
gose or glabrous; leaves membranaceous, ovate or ovate-lanceo-
late, subentire or repandly few-toothed; peduncels short, strigose ;
calyx campanulate, about half the length of the corolla, its lobes
broadly triangular; corolla yellowish, tinged with purple, upper
portion nearly spherical, slightly saccate, less constricted at the
orifice; teeth very small, sinuses between them very broad and

317

shallow ; anthers about one-fourth the length of the corolla, oblong,
not tapering upward; fruiting calyx round-ovoid, of about the
same size as in the preceding.

Dr. Gray includes in this, Berlandier’s no. 2277, which Dunal
refers to Physalis divaricata. These specimens do not belong to M.
solanaceus, as they differ both in habit and leaves. There are two
sheets from the original collection in the Torrey Herbarium and
neither in flower. It is doubtful to which genus they belong.
Very likely Dunal’s determination was correct. M. solanaceus
occurs from Texas to Arizona and Mexico. Specimens examined:

New Mexico: Bigelow, 1851 (Mex. Bound. Surv.); C. Wright,
no. 1603, 1851-2 ; H. H. Rusby, no. 307, 1881 (in part).

Arizona: T. E. Wilcox, 1883.

Mexico: C. G. Pringle, no. 1079, 1886; no. 342, 1885.

3. Margaranthus purpurascens n. sp.

Stouter than the preceding, which it resembles; leaves broadly
lanceolate, acuminate, thin, subentire, tapering into a slender peti-
ole; peduncles very short; calyx campanulate-cylindrical, much
larger than in the preceding, fully two-thirds the length ofthe corolla,

.. lobes short-triangular; corolla yellowish, tinged with purple, with

longer cylindrical portion; upper portion not fully as round as in
the preceding, more tapering upward, but not as much con-
stricted as in M. fenuis; lobes short, sinuses broad and shallow,
anthers less than one-fourth the length of the corolla, oblong; fruiting
calyx ovoid, 15-20 mm. long and 12-15 mm. in diameter, gener-
ally purplish at the base and purple-veined.

It differs from the preceding mainly in the stouter habit, in the

. form of the corolla, and in the form and size of the calyx.

Type specimens: :
New Mexico: H. H. Rusby, no. 307, 1881. (mainly).

4. Margaranthüs Lemmoni Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 19: 91.
1883; Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 437.

Very much branched and decumbent, more leafy than M.
solanaceus which it much resembles ; leaves entire ; calyx cam.
panulate, teeth half as long as the tube; corolla white, campanulate-
urceolate, scarcely constricted at the orifice, which is obtusely 5-
lobed ; fruiting calyx as in M. solanaceus.

The only specimens extant, as far as 1 know, are those of the
original collection, which I hastily looked at, while studying the

518

genus Physalis at Harvard University. They seemed to me
scarcely distinguishable from M. solanaceus, except in the form of
the corolla, which approaches that of Physalis in form. Perhaps
it is only a form of M. solanaceus.

Arizona: Cave Canon, Lemmon.

2. Physalis L.
Pnvsaris L. Sp. Pl. 183. 1753.
ALKEKENGI Tourn.; Adans. Fam. Pl. 2: 218. 1763.
HERSCHELLA Bowdich, Excurs. Mader. 159. 1825.
ALICABON Raf. Sylva Tell. 56. 1838.
Mecista Tourr. in Ann. Soc. Linn. (IT) 17: 115. 1869.
ual or perennial herbs, sometimes a little woody below, with
entire or sinuately toothed leaves. Peduncles slender, generally

Wrightii and P. Carpenteri) in fascicles of 2-4. Calyx Gergen
ulate, 5-toothed, in fruit enlarged and bladdery-inflated, mem-
branaceous, 5-angled or prominently 10-ribbed and reticulate,

wholly die in ulpy berry; teeth in most cases connivent.
Corolla yellowish or whitish, often with a darker, brownish or pur-
plish center, openly campanulate or rarely campanulate- -rotate,
plicate, with very short and broad lobes which are slightly imbri-
cate in the bud. Stamens inserted near the base of the corolla;
anthers oblong, opening by a longitudinal slit. Style slender,
somewhat bent; stigma minutely 2-cleft. Seeds numerous, kid-
ney-shaped, flattened, with a thin edge, finely pitted.

Physalis is principally an American genus. One section (Me-
gista), consisting of two species, is of European origin, and about
half a dozen are natives of India and Australia. The rest are
American,* although several have been introduced into the Old
World and Australia. The number of recognized species is about
50. The actual number is, however, much larger as there are
many yet to be described. Mexico is especially rich in species
and of those native to that country perhaps more than one-half re-
main unnamed.

* Photographs, one half natural size, have been taken of all North American spe-
cies and varieties of Physalis except P. Texana and P. Neo-Mexicana. Insome cases
interesting forms have been added. What makes the set more valuable is that it in-
cludes the photographs of all type specimens preserved in American herbaria, except
that of P. angustifolia, which is a mere fragment, The photographs number about
60, and may be had at about 15 cents each, either from Dr. Chas. E. Bessey, Univer-
sity of Nebraska, or from the author.

919

$. I. EuPHysaris. Flowers yellowish, often with a dark cen-
ter, limb only slightly 5-lobed, pentagonal in outline; lobes of
the distinctly ribbed fruiting calyx much shorter than the tube.

A. Annuals.
a. PLANTS MORE OR LESS PUBESCENT (EXCEPT P. Barbadensis obscura).

I. Fruiting calyx sharply 5-angled, more or less acuminate at the summit and sunken
at the base; calyx-lobes (at flowering d lanceolate or acuminate, as long as
the tube or lon

aa. Calyx-lobes ending in a subulate acumination.
Leaves broadly oval or round, sinuately dentate; calyx in fruit not unusually firm.
1. P. subulata.
66, Calyx-lobes narrow, but not with a subulate tip.

Leaves ovate, oblique, acute or acuminate, subentire at the base ; upper part repand or

subentire ; fruiting calyx small and short; stem slender, diffuse, sharply angle
2. P. pubese

Leaves generally very oblique, cordate, strongly sinuately toothed to the "rds stem
stout, generally erect, obtusely angled ; fruiting calyx more rounded.

i u Mp os.

Leaves orbicular or broadly ovate, sinuately crenate, at the base scarcely — and

scarcely oblique ; stem very stout and strict; fruiting calyx broadly cordat

> UL Veo

WEE
lids cordate, scarcely oblique, more or less abruptly acuminate, acutely repand den-
tate; stem tall and erector widely spreading, acutely angled; fruiting di larger,

long-acuminate. 5. P. Barbadensis.
IL Fruiting calyx obtusely or indistinctly 5-10-angled; calyx-lobes (at flowering
time) triangular to lanceolate, generally shorter than the tube, except sometimes
in Z, Carpenteri.
. Leaves not long-acuminate.

Peduncles very short, inier than the fruiting calyx; leaves ovate, more or less
sinuately dentate. ` 6. P. Lagascae.
Peduncles 2-3 cm. long, longer than the fruiting calyx; leaves deltoid- ncm sub-

tire. 7, 4 OP
bb. Leaves with long acumination, subentire.
Reime much shorter than the fruiting "ins flowers solitary, 4-6 mm. in diam-
r; fruiting calyx 2-3 cm. long. 8. P. leptophylla.
done about the length of the fruiting ue or longer; flowers often in fascicles
of 2-4, about 1 cm. in diameter; fruiting calyx 1-2 cm. long. 9 Z. Carpenteri.

4. PLANTS GLABROUS OR THE UPPER PART SPARINGLY BESET WITH SHORT HAIRS OR
IN Z. ixocarpa SOMETIMES A LITTLE PUBERULENT WHEN YOUNG.
III. Fruiting calyx obtusely 5-1o-angled, not sunken at the base; corolla yellow,
sometimes with the center a little darker but never brown or purple.
a. Peduncles generally much longer than the fruiting calyx.
Corolla rotate-campanulate, white or cream color, 10-20 mm. in diameter, leaves
10. P. Wrightii

sinuately tcothed.

320

Corolla campanulate, yellow, 3-8 mm. in diameter; leaves Rar tocthed or sub-
entire. . P, lanceifolia.
66, Peduncles scarcely exceeding the fruiting inr
Corolla campanulate, yellow, 8-10 mm. in diameter ; leaves sharply dentate.
iz a ulata.
IV. Fruiting calyx obscurely 5-10-angled, not sunken at the base; corolla yellow
with a brown or purple center.
Padsinatis short, scarcely as long as the flowers, which are I-I E cm. in diameter ;

broadly triangular. . Pixocarpa.
Peduncles a than the flowers which are 112-277 cm. in dance, calyx-lobes
lanceolate-triangular. 4. P. Philadelphica.

B, Perennials.

a. LOBES OF THE FRUITING CALYX MORE OR LESS CONNIVENT ; FLOWERS GENERALLY
A BROWNISH OR PURPLISH CEN
* Pubescence not stellate (although in Z. pumila of branched hairs).
XV. Pubescence on the leaves none, on the upper part of es stem and the calyx sparse
and short, if any; flowers large, 112—214 cm. in diam
aa, Fruiting calyx ovoid, nearly filled with the berry, ve sunken at the base.
Plant tall and erect; leaves ovate-lanceolate to broadly ovate, usually thin.
14. P. Philadelphica.

Plant usually tall; leaves lanceolate, oblanceolate or linear. 15. P. longifolia.
Plant low and spreading; leaves more or less fleshy, elliptic-oblong, BEE into a
winged petiole. 16, 65 Jer

68. Fruiting calyx pyramidal, very much inflated and deeply sunken at suc El
Leaves broadly ovate, usually coarsely dentate. 17. P. macrophysa.
V. Pubescence sparse, consisting of flat, sometimes jointed, and in Z. pumila branched

hairs, in P, Vzrgznzana and P. arenicola sometimes a little viscid.
aa. Fruiting calyx ovoid, Prid angled and scarcely sunken at the base; leaves
thic e or spatulate to rhomboid, war
Leaves obovate or spatulate ; pd all simple. . P, lanceolata.
Leaves broader, inclined to be rhomboid; hairs on the lower ais of the leaves
branched. I . pumila,
66. Fruiting calyx pyramidal, more or less Z-angled and deeply SEN at the base;
leaves ovate or cordate to lanceolate, generally moré or less dentate
Fruiting eds ovoid-pyramidal; stem stout; rootstock somewhat fleshy ; Ihres ovate
or lanceolate, 20. P. Virginiana.
Fruiting bs oblong-pyramidal or nearly cylindrical; stem and rootstock generally
very slender; leaves broadly ovate to cordate, coarsely toothed and reticulate.
21. P. arenicola.
Fruiting calyx oblong-pyramidal; stem and rootstock very slender; leaves ovate,
truncate, or rarely slightly cordate at the base, subentire; veins not prominent.
2 ciliosa.
VI. Pubescence dense, short, more or less viscid or M eroe E in ?. Peru-
viana), often mixed with long flat jointed hai
«a, Pubescence not viscid, short, peduncles uud shorter than the leaves.

321

Leaves large, cordate, generally long-acuminate ; anthers —— purple.

. P, Peruviana.
bb. Pabescence 1 more or less mS or viscid, in the first two mixed with ine
ted hairs; peduncles much shorter than the lea

Leaves large; blade generally over 5 cm. long, generally more or d cordate; an-
thers generally yellow, but sometimes purple. 24. P. heterophylla.

Leaves less than 5 cm., rounded ovate or rhombic, scarcely at all cordate at the base;
calyx, peduncles and younger branches with long white flat and jointed hairs.

25. £i comata,

Leaves small, less than 5 cm., reniform or cordate, coarsely toothed, Bee etc., ges
and densely viscid pubescent, seldom with any long hairs; stem rarely diffus

5. 1 > À di mee?

Leaves small, 2-4 cm. in diameter, nearly orbicular, sometimes a little cordate at the
base, not coarsely toothed; stem diffuse or prostrate, 27. P, rotundata.

cc. Pubescence fine, more or less glandular or viscid; peduncles often as long as the
subtending leaves or longer.

Leaves oblong to ovate cordate. 28. P, muriculata.

** Pubescence more or less stellate.

VIT. (The stellate character of the pubescence is scarcely distinguishable by the
naked eye, and is sometimes obscure even under the lens, except on the calyx or
at least on the Re of its lob

ubescence s dist beautifully stellate.

Leaves cordate, Pond or round, more or less angulately toothed.

29. P. mollis.

Leaves elliptic, sometimes a little cordate at the base, to spatulate or ESAE
subentire or repand. Av

Pubescence very fine, partly of stellate, and partly of simple "dd
1, P. Fendleri.

Leaves deltoid or cordate, rs toothed.
gu dating n

Leaves elliptic oblong, subentir
cc. Plant often perfectly coh except on the margins of = calyx-lobes, rarely
tellate all over when young
Leaves oblong, rade or spatulate, or in luxuriant specimens even oval, thin
lateral veins distinct. jp ^ 5H
Leaves linear, thick; mid-rib prominent, but lateral veins obsolete.
34. P. angustifolia,

6. FRUITING CALYX RETICULATE, OPEN, ITS LOBES NOT CONNIVENT; PUBESCENCE,
IF ANY, SHORT AND FINE.
VII. Nen yellowish with a darker center,in age turning purple; leaves not
eaves cedri aic to ovate, nervose 35. P. versicolor.

IX. Coroila e generally without dariet center; leaves more or less fleshy, small.
Leaves oblong or cordate, 36. P. crassifolia.
Leaves uci more or less hastate at the base. 37. À. hastata.

$2. Micropaysauis. Flowers yellowish; fruiting calyx small,
not ribbed, open at the mouth, its lobe s equalling or exceeding
the tube. Plant covered with long viscid hairs.

322

Leaves small, ovate or cordate repand crenate; peduncles very short.
38. P. microphysa.

$3. Macısta. Flowers whitish, limb more decidedly 5-
lobed. Plant tall, hirsute or glabrate
Leaves large, broadly deltate. 39. P. Alkekengi.

I. EUPHYSALIS.

I. Pubescentes : Annuals; root much branched, generally weak; fruiting calyx
sharply 5-angled, more or less acuminate at the summit, and sunken at the base;
calyx-lobes (at flowering time) lanceolate or acuminate, as long as the tube or
longer; plant somewhat villous or viscid pubescent (except in P. Barbadensis
obscura).

. Physalis subulata Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club, 22: 306.

Annual from a branching root, erect, dichotomously beasties,
2-4 decimeters high, stem angular and striate ; leaves round-ovate,
somewhatobliqueat the base generally coarsely dentate ; peduncles
shorter than the small corolla, which is 2-3 millimeters in diame-
ter; calyx- -lobes shorter than the corolla, ending in a subulate
acumination ; xis calyx sharply angled and purple-veined,
heart-sha aped i in section

This is Rad between P. Barbadensis and the South
Mexican P. micandroides Schlecht. From the former it differs in
the more glandular pubescence, and the long acumination of the
calyx-lobes; from the latter in its smaller rounder leaves, in its
calyx-lobes, which are shorter than the corolla, and in the fruiting
calyx, which is smaller and not of a firm texture.*

P. subulata has not yet been collected within the United States,
but comes near to its border.

Mexico, State of Chihuahua: C.G. Pringle, no. 1344, 1887
(tvpe) It is in the following herbaria: Columbia University;
Harvard University; College of Pharmacy, New York City; Uni-
versity of Minnesota, and Professor Greene.

72. Physalis pu us L 59. EL IB% 1755: BL 62; Lam

a Enc. Meth. 2: ; Roem. & Sch. Syst. Veg. 4: SCH Willd.

Sp. PL: TS po Hort. Ber. 1: 232; Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept.

157; Eatt Man. Ed. 5: 320: Ed; 6: 267 Eat. & Wr NX

Bot. 357; Neest, Linnaea 6: 467; Don. Gard. Dict. 4: 449;

* Another related Mexican species is P. hirsuta Mart. & Gal., not Dunal. It dif-
fers from P, subulata in its larger, less veiny fruiting calyx, from P. sicandroides by
the calyx, which is not of a firm texture, and from both by its subentire leaves. 1t
most resembles Z. pubescens, but differs in its subulate calyx-tip

+ These references apply also partly to P, Barbadensis iud y pruinosa.

Fa

323

Walp. Rep. 3: 24; Gray*, Man. Ed. 2: 340; Ed. 5: 38r; Bot,
Cal. 1: 541; Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 64; Syn. FL 2: part 1, 234;
Wats. & Coult*., Gray, Man. Ed. 6 375; Coulter, Man. Rocky

Mt. 270 (in part); Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. (15)5: 193;

(1834). Wood, Class-Book, 579 (1863); Bot. & Flor. 264

(1873); Chapman*, Fl. So. U. S. 351; Coulter*, Cont. U. S.

Nat. Herb. 2 : 300.

P. amosa Mill. Gard. Dict. Ed. 8: no. 9; Willd. Sp. Lb
1023.

P. hirsuta Dunal, in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 445. 1852; Darby,
Bot. So. St. 451; not Mart. & Gal.t

Alkekengi procumbens Moench, Meth. 2: 473. 1794.

Stem generally diffuse or spreading, much branched, angled,
often a little swollen at the nodes, villous-pubescent or sometimes
nearly glabrous; leaves thin, 2-6 cm. long, ovate, acute or acumi-
nate, at the base oblique, slightly cordate and generally entire, up-
wards repand-denticulate or entire, pubescent, sometimes becom-
ing nearly glabrous except along the veins; peduncles short, 3-5
mm., or in fruit about I cm. long; calyx-lobes narrow but not with a
subulate tip; corolla 5-10 mm. in diameter yellow with dark cen-
tre ; anthers usually purplish; fruiting calyx membranaceous, 2-3
Jong, pyramidal, ovoid-acuminate and more or less retuse at
the

From Pennsylvania and Florida to California; also in Mexico,
Central and South America and India. Specimens from New
Mexico, Arizona and Mexico sometimes have a little thicker leaves
and longer petioles. They have been labelled P. montana by
Prof. Greene, but can scarcely be distinguished from some eastern
- forms.

The following specimens have been examined :

Maryland: Wm. M. Canby, 1863.

Pennsylvania: S. W. Knipe, 1869; Porter, 1869.

District of Columbia: J. W. Chickering; W. M. Canby, 1881.
Virginia: G. Vasey, 1874; Wm. M. Canby, 1878.

Georgia: Chapman, 1884.

Florida: Chapman; J. Donnell Smith; A. P. Garber, 1877.
Tennessee: A. Gattinger, 1887.

Ohio: Wm. Cooper, 1828; Wm. C. Werner, no. 141,1 1888.
*These references refer also Seege and P. fruinosa

Bull. Brux, 12, 1: 132. 1

N

324

Indiana: A. H. Young, no. 40 (in part), 1875.

Illinois: J. Wolf, 1881.

Towa: Wm. Booth, 1850.

Wisconsin: Wm. M. Canby, 1868.

Missouri: Riehl, No. 7, 1838; Engelmann, no. 325, 1841;
Bush, 1887, 1893; Eggert, 1893.

Kansas: ? J. E. Bodin, 1891.

Arkansas: H. E. Hasse, 1886; Nuttall.

Texas: Vinzent, no. 107; J. Reverchon, 1874.

New Mexico: H. H Rusby, no. 310 (7. montana), 1881;
Wright, No. 1601.

Arizona: - E. L. Greene, no. 446, 1880 (P. montana Greene).

Califorma: K. C., 1883; CR Orcutt, 1883; Maj. Thomas.

Cuba: Wright, no. 3022, 1860-4.

Jamaica: Hitchcock, 1890.

Panama; A. Fendler, no. 248, 1850.

Mexwo: E. L. Greene, 1880; Ed. Palmer, no. 140 (in part),
1885.

Venezuela: A. Pendler, no. 2100, 1856-7.

Loo Choo Islands: C. Wright, no. 199, 1853-56.

3. Physalis pruinosa L. Sp. Pl. 184. 1753; Ed. 2: 263; Willd.
Sp. Pl. 1: 1024; Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 698; Roem. & Sch.
Syst. Veg. 4: 678.

P. obscura viscido-pubescens Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 149, partly (?).
P. pubescens Dunal, in DC. Prod. 13: part 1,446. 1852,as to the
description, but not the synonyms, also American authors; (?) Ell.

Bot. S. Car. and Ga. 1: 280.

P. hirsuta repando-dentata Dunal, in DC. Prod. 13: part I, 445-

1852, in part.

P. pubescens 8. Nees, Linnaea, 6: 467, in part

P. pubescens B. pruinosa Don, Gard. Dict. 4: ES 1838 (in part).

? P. villosa Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 122, 1821; not Mill.*

? P. Rothiana Roem. & Sch. Syst. Veg. 4: 677. 1819.

? P. viscosa Ell. Bot. S. C. and Ga. 1: 279. 1817.

Stout, generally erect and more hairy than the preceding and
the next two; stem obtusely angled, finely villous or somewhat
viscid ; leaves ‘firm, dete cm. long finely pubescent, ovate cordate,

` *Gard. Dict. Ed. 8: no. 14, 1768.

325

generally very oblique at the base, and deeply sinuately toothed
with broad and often obtuse teeth ; peduncles 2-4 mm,., in fruit
about 1 cm.; calyx villous or viscid: lobes as long as the tube,
narrow but not subulate-tipped; corolla 3-8 mm. in diameter;
anthers yellow or tinged with purple; fruiting calyx of a little
firmer texture and more pubescent than in the P reticu-
late, 2-3 cm. long, ovoid, cordate; berry yellow or gree
The pubescence of the stem is often dense and seg? but
only apparently pruinose. It extends farther north than either
P. pubescens or P. Barbadensis, ranging from Massachusetts to
Iowa, Missouri and Florida. No specimens seen either from
Mexico or the West Indies.
Massachusetts: W. Deane, 1884; Morong, 1878; Harvard Bot.
Garden, 1878.
Connecticut: Miss F. W. Wilson, no. 391, 1892.
lew York: T. F. Lucy; A. W. Young, 1892; M. Ruger,
1868
New Jersey: C.F. Parker, 1870.
Pennsylvania: J. K- Small, 1889.
Delaware: Wm. M. Canby, 1871; A. Commons, 1877.
Virginia: A. H. Curtiss, 1871, 1872.
North Carolina: Beardslee & Kofoid, 1891.
Georgia : Chapman, 1864; J. K. Small, 1895.
Florida: Chapman.
Tennessee: A. Ruth, 1894; Kearney, 1891.
Kentucky: CW. Short.
Jilinos: XE. Hall, 1872.
Missouri: Engelmann, 1841; B. F. Bush, 1888,
ansas: Kellerman, 1888.
lowa: A.S. Hitchcock, 1875, 1889.
Wisconsin: T. J. Hale, 1861; L. H. Pammel, 1883.
Michigan: Agricultural College, 1886.
Washington:* L. F. Henderson, no. 2496, 1892; W. H.
Suksdorf, no. 2285, 1894.
* Physalis Neo-Mexicana.
P. pubescens Porter & Coulter, Syn. Fl. Colo. 110. 1874;
Coulter, Man. Rocky Mts., 270, in part. Not L.

* Probably introduced.

326

Stem stout and strict, obtusely angled; pubescence very fine,
dense and short, scarsely viscid; leaves 3-5 cm. long, thicker than
in the preceding, broadly ovate or orbicular, very obtuse, scarcely
cordate at the base, scarcely at all oblique, sinuately crenate; pe-
duncles very short, even in fruit scarcely more than 2 cm. long; calyx
finely pubescent, calyx-lobes lanceolate but not subulate-acumi-
nate; fruiting calyx of a firmer texture than the three preceding,
more sharply angled and deeper sunken at the base than in FP.
pruinosa.

This species is very near related to P. pruinosa, and has been
labeled by me P. pruinosa neomexicana in the herbaria, but as its
range is widely separated from that of P. pruinosa, it is perhaps
best to regard it as distinct. It differs in the strict habit, the finer
pubescence, the shorter, more round and obtuse leaves and the
sharper angled fruiting calyx, which resembles that of P. subulata,
but does not have the subulate tips characteristic of that species,
The following specimens have been examined:

New Mexico: Fendler no. 679 and 678 in part, 1847; E. L.
Greene, no. 213, 1880; Vasey, 1889; Chestnut & Drew.*

Colorado: Brandegee (Porter & Coult. Syn. Fl. Colo. 110),
Miss Mulford, 1892.*

Lower California: C.R. Orcutt, 1883.
^5. Physalis Barbadensis Jacq. Misc. 2: 359. 1781; Ic. Rar. 1:

1.39; Willd. En. Hort. Ber. 1: 232; Sp. PL r: 1023; Roem:

& Sch. Syst. Veg. 4: 676; Spreng. Syst. 1: 697 (in part); Mart.

& Gal. Bull. Brux. 12:

?P. patula Miller, Gard. Dict. Ed. 8: no. 12, acc. to Dunal;
Don, Gard. Dict. 4: 451; Walp. Rep. 3: 27.

P. obscura viscido-pubescens Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 149. 1803.

P. obscura pubescens Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 157. 1814.

P. pubescens American authors (in part).

P. pubescens 3 Nees, Linnaea, 6: 467 (in part) 1831; Sendtn.
in Mart. Fl. Bras. 2: 132.

P. pubescens 8. pruinosa Don, cant Dict. 4: 449. 1838 (in
part).

P. hirsuta Barbadensis Dunal, in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 446.
1852

ht
e

e specimens are doubtfully referred here. The material is too poor for a
definite Fos

321

P. pruinosa L. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2: 263 (in part) 1762; Ell. Bot.
5. Car. and Ga. 1: 279. 1817.

Alicabon Barbadense Raf. Sylv. Tell. 57. 1838.

Stem stouter than in 2. oe tall and erect or widely

short hairs; peduncles short, 3-4 mm., in fruit sometimes 2 cm. long;
calyx generally densely viscid-hirsute, lobes lanceolate, acuminate,
but not subulate- -tipped ; corolla 5-10 mm. in diam. ; anthers gen-
erally purplish; fruiting calyx longer than in the four preceding
215—3 cm. long, acuminate and reticulote, retuse at the
P. Bartadensis has been known in our herbaria either as 2 puð-

escens L. or as P. obscura, Michx. It is most nearly related to the
latter, differing only in the pubescence. They are evidently only
varieties of the same species, which must take the name P. Barda-
densis Jacq., which is the older. P. Barbadensis is in habit interme-
diate between P. pubescens and P. pruinosa, but differs from both in
the more elongated fruiting calyx. Its distribution is from North
Carolina and southern Illinois to Mexico, the West Indies and
South America. The following specimens have been examined:
Florida : Blodgett; Chapman ; A. P. Garber, 1877 ; G. V. Nash
„1251, 1894.

North Carolina : Darlington.

Pennsylvania : S. W. Knipe, 1869.

South Illinois : Geo. Vasey.

Missouri: Engelmann, 1847 ; Bush, no. 49, 1888 ; Weller, 1890.
Indian Territory : Butler, 1877.

Louisiana : Dr. Ingalls; Hale; Teinturier.

Texas: Crawford, 1893; Mex. Bound. Surv. no. 1019 (in part).
Mexico: C. E. Lloyd; E. Palmer, no. 140, 1885; no. 473,
86; no. 14, 1887 ; no. 433, 1894.

Venezuela : A. Fendler, no. 1013, 1854-5.

Cuóa : C. Wright, no. 3635.

=
[9]

e
oo

a. Physalis Barbadensis obscura (Michx.).
P. angulata Walt. Fl. Car. 99. 1788, not L.; Nees, Linnaea, 6:
474 (in part); Walp. Rep. 3: 25; Wood, Class-book, 579 (1863);
Bot. and Flor. 264 (1873).

328

P. obscura Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 149. 1803; Pursh, Fl. Am. |
Sept. 157; Poir. Enc. Meth. Suppl. 2: 347; Roem & Sch. Syst.
4: 677; Eat. Man. Ed..3: 390; Ed.5: 328; Ed.6: 263; Beck,
Bot. 258; Don, Gard. Dict. 4: 451; Walp. Rep. 3: 27; Gray;
Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 64; Syn. Fl.2: part 1, 234; Eaton & Wr.
N. Am. Bot. 357; Coult. Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 300.

P. Brasiliensis Sendtner, in Mart. Fl. Bras. 10: 131. 1854. See —
Gray, /. c.

P. hirsuta ^^ oig tags Dunal, in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 445.
1852, in part.

Greener; perfectly smooth or sometimes minutely pubescent, |
when it grades into P. Barbadensis proper.

The distribution is about the same as that of the species.

Georgia: Chapman, No. 80.

Florida: Chapman, 1889.

Alabama: C. Mohr, 1878.

Louisiana: A. B. Langlois, 1880.

Tennessee: A. Gattinger.

Arkansas: A. E. Heacox, 1889.

„Texas: E Hall, no. 503, 1872.

Missouri: Eggert, 1893; B. F. Bush, no. 98, 1893.

Mexico : Schott, no. 5, 1864.

Cuba: Wright, no. 3635 (in part).

Jamaica: Hitchcock. |

St. Vincent: HH & G. W. Smith, 1328a & 1329, 1890. E

Porto Rico: I. Urban, no. 745, 1885. :

eM

I. Zeptophyllae: Annuals; root branched and weak; fruiting calyx obtusely or indis-
tinctly 5-10-angled, scarcely sunken at the base ; calyx lobes (in flowering time) t
triangular to lanceolate, generally shorter than the tube, except sometimes in 7.
Carpenteri, Plants generally more or less pubescent.

el 6. Physalis Lagascae Roem. & Sch. Syst. Veg. 4: 679. 1819.
P. minima Roxb. Fl. Ind. 1: $63, 1820 not L.;* Nees,
Linnaea 6: 479; Don, Gard. Dict. 4: 450 (in part); Walp. Rep. id
3: 26; Dunal, in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 445. px
P. parviflora Lag. Gen. & Sp. 11, no. 147. 1816. Not R. Br.

er villosa Roth, Nov. PI. b 122, 1821, not Mill.

*Sp. PL 183. 1753.
+ Prod. Nov. Holl. 447. 1810.

329

? P. Rothiana Roem. & Sch. Syst. Veg. 4: 677. 1819.

P. pubescens Wats. & Coult. in Gray, Man. Ed. 6: 375, as to
B. F. Bush’s plant.

Stem spreading, often zigzag, branched, striate or slightly
angled, villous with short hairs; leaves 1-8 cm. long, ovate, ob-

. lique and cuneate, obtuse, or cordate at the base, acute but not

acuminate, repand or sinuately dentate, hairy at least on the veins ;

peduncles 1-5 mm., erect, in fruit 5-10 mm., reflexed, shorter than

the fruiting calyx; calyx villous, lobes shorter than the tube, tri-

angular ; corolla 3-8 mm. in diameter, yellow, generally with a dark

centre, anthers generally yellow; fruiting calyx 117-2 cm. long,

po og nearly filled with the berry, not sunken at the
ase.

Resembles most P. pubescens and P. pruinosa but differs by its
short calyx-lobes and the fruiting calyx, which is neither sharp-
angled nor sunken at the base. It is a native of Mexico, the
West and East Indies; in the United States, probably only intro-
duced. Specimens examined :

Kansas: W. A. Kellerman no. 44, no. 47, 1882; W. T. Swin-
gle, 1887; E. K. Popenoe, 1879 ; Stuart Weller, 1887 ; Gattinger,

4.

Missouri: H. Eggert, 1887, 1891; B. F. Bush, 1887, 1888,
and 1893, no. 25, no. 1023; J. W. Blankinship, 1893; Engelmann,
1841 and 1847; A. E. Heacox.

Arkansas: | Engelmann.

Indian Territory: J. E. Bodin, 1891.

West Indies: Wright, no. 1590.

7. Physalis Greenei Rose, Cont. U, S. Nat. Herb. 1: 18. 1890.
P. pedunculata Greene, Pittonia 1: 268. 1889. Not Mart. & Gal.*
Erect-spreading, the flexuous branches angular, 2-3 dm. long;

leaves ovate or rhombic, acute, but not long-acuminate, entire or

with few shallow teeth, 2-3 cm. long, the slender petioles of about

tne same length as the blade ; corolla greenish yeliow, 12-15 mm.

In diameter; fruiting calyx I-114 cm. long, pendulous on the

long peduncle, which exceeds it in length.

Mexico, Cedros Island: Lieut. C. F. Pond, 1889 (Type of P.

Pedunculata Greene); Dr. Sheets; Lower California: Edw. Palmer,

no. 561, 1887; Carmen Island: Edw. Palmer, no. 10, 1870.

* Bull. Brux. 12: 132. 1845.

330

California: O. D. Allen, no. 11, 1884 (Harvard University
herbarium); M. E. Jones, no. 88, 1882.*

8. Physalis leptophylla Robinson & Greenman, Proc. Am. Acad.
29: 389. 1894.
Stem sometimes slightly woody below, striate, finely pubescent ;
leaves ovate, entire, abruptly long-acuminate, obtuse or cordate
at base, green, of a delicate texture, often nearly glabrous except
the ciliate margins; peduncles solitary, shorter than the fruiting
calyx, calyx-teeth short, ovate; corolla apparently whitish with a
dark spot at the base, 4-6 mm. long ; fruiting calyx 2-3 cm. long.
I have seen no roots of this species and cannot tell if it is an
annual or not, but otherwise it comes nearest to the two preced-
ing. It is a native of northern Mexico. Specimens examined:
Mexico, Sonora: Edw. Palmer, 709, 1890; W. G. Wright,
no. 1252, 1889; C. G. Pringle, no. 5455, 1893.

9. Physalis Carpenteri Riddell,+ Chapman in Coulter's Bot. Gaz.

3: II,assynonym. 1878.

Withania Morisoni Chapman Z. c., not Dunal.

Athenaea sp. Gray. Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 233. 1878.

Stem tall, erect, branching above, somewhat angled and striate,
closely and finely puberulent; leaves very thin, oval or ovate, ab-
ruptly contracted into a long acumination, entire or slightly wavy,
nearly smooth or puberulent, much resembling those of P. lepto-
phylla, somewhat cordate and oblique at the base; peduncles about
I cm. long, very slender; flowers often in fascicles of 2-4; corolla
about I cm. wide, open- campanulate ; fruiting calyx small, only I
cm. in diameter, nearly globose, scarcely angled and faintly nerved ;
the lobes sometimes very unequal.

P. Carpentert is very variable. Among the few specimens
found in our herbaria, viz.: those of Columbia University, Har-
vard University and the Missouri Botanical Garden, there are sev-
eral forms. In some the leaves are very broad, in others nar-
rower; in some the flowers are solitary, in others in fascicles; in
some the calyx-lobes are short and equal, in others much elongated
and unequal; but without doubt they all belong to one species.

ROMANIAN du

* Doubtfully referred here. The leaves are unusually large for this species.
there is no: ibn the determination is uncertain. Mr. Jones’ specimens are labeled
Chamaesaracha

iddells Cat. Fl. Ludov. in N. O. Med. and Surg. Jour. 8: 758. 1852,
P niet is a nomen nudun

331

Lousiana: Riddell; Buckley; Dr. Ingalls, 1835; Curtiss,

1886. =
Alabama: Buckley.

Florida : Nash, no. 2503, 1895.

III, Angulatae: Annuals with a branching root, glabrous or the upper parts spar-
ingly beset with short hairs; fruiting calyx on a slender peduncle, obtusely 5—10-
angled, not sunken at the base; flowers yellowish or whitish, sometimes with the
center a little darker but never brown or purple.

po 10: Physalis Wrightii Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 63. 1874; Syn.

x

Fl. 2: part 1, 234; Coulter, Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 299.

Chamaesaracha physaloides Greene, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 9: 122.
1882; Gray, Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 437.

Stem erect or ascending, I-10 dm. high, branched, angled,
smooth or the upper parts sparingly beset with short hairs; leaves
as in the next but generally more deeply sinuately toothed, broader
and with stronger veins; peduncles and fruiting calyx as in the next;
calyx-lobes lanceolate, general longer than the tube; corolla
10-20 mm. in diameter, widely rotate-campanulate, according to
Gray l. c. “apparently white," according to Greene, l. c., cream
color, and according to Lemmon on the herbarium label, white
with yellowish throat (in the herbarium specimens it is light sul-
phur yellow).

The original specimens of Gray are in an undeveloped and
perhaps depauperate state. The better developed specimens of
later collections are generally labelled P. angulata Linkiana, to
Which it bears scarcely any relationship.

The following specimens have been examined :

Texas: C: Wright, no. 1602, 1851-2; Schott, no. 28.

Arizona : Pringle ‘broad-leaved) 1884, 1894; Palmer, no. 203,
1867 ; Engelmann, 1880; Lemmon, 1881, with Quincula lobata.

New Mexico: Vasey, 1889; Wright, no. 1602, 1851-2.

California : Buckmeister, 1881 (Type of Chamaesaracha physa-
loides Greene); Lemmon no. 294, and no. 10, 1880.

Mexico: Palmer, no. 175, 1887; C. V. Hartman, no. 63, 1894.
11. Physalis lanceifolia Nees, Linnaea 6: 473. 1831; Don,

Gard. Dict. 4: 450; Walp. Rep. 3: 25; Dunal, in DC. Prod.

13: Part 1, 477; Schlecht. Linnaea, 19: 309. 1847.

P. angulata Ruiz & Pav. Fl. Peruv. 2: 43. 1799, and Ameri-
can authors in part, as Coulter Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 300;
not L.

332

Erect, generally one-half meter high, branched; stem angled,
glabrous; leaves in the typical form lanceolate, subentire or slightly
toothed; calyx cylindrical-campanulate, lobes broadly triangular,
shorter than the tube; peduncles filiform, about 2 cm. long, erect
with nodding flower, in fruit 4-5 cm. long and reflexed ; corolla
5-8 mm. in diameter, campanulate, yellow, without a dark spot ;
anthers yellow, more or less tinged with purple; fruiting calyx
about 2 cm. long, rounded ovoid, indistinctly 10-angled and pur-
ple-veined, nearly filled with the berry.

It is a native of Peru, Mexico, etc. No specimens of the
typical form have been collected in the United States. The only
specimens approaching it are those collected by Rugel near St.
Mark's River, Florida (Herbarium of Missouri Botanical Garden),
but these have much narrower leaves.

Two forms are found, however, in the United States, which

come nearer to this species than to any other, although they
connect it with P. Wright and P. angulata respectively.

In the first the leaves are more or less sinuately toothed and
often more strongly veined, resembling those of the preceding
species, which it also resembles in general habit and in the sparse

scabrous hairs on the upper parts, but differs in the small flowers

(only 3-5 mm. in diameter), which in form perfectly agree with
the true P. lanceifolia, that is, they are truly campanulate. The
following specimens belong to this form :

Arizona: Lemmon, 1881 (in part); Dr. Sonden. no. 375, 1867 ;
Loew, 1875; Maj. Thomas; Schott,no. 2. (The last two, doubt-
fully referred to P. Wrighti, by Dr. Gray, Proc. Am. SE Io : 63).

California: K.C., 1883; C. R. Orcutt, no. 2069, 1

Texas: E. Hall, no. 504, 1872; Chas. Wright, no. D 1849
(locality not given).

The other form connects P. lanceifolia with P. angulata. The .

leaves are broader than in the typical form and often with sharp

teeth as in P. angulata, but the very long peduncles, small round

fruiting calyx, and general habit, make it more nearly related to

P. lanceifolia. Its range is much more northern than that of the

typical P. lanceifolia and more northwestern than that of P. angu-

lata, as can be seen from the following specimens studied:
Illinois: Vasey, 1862.

Missouri: Engelmann, 1841; A. Geyer, 1841 (both in the her- `

333

barium of Mo. Bot. Garden); H. Eggert, 1877 (herb. J. Donnell
Smith).

Arkansas: F. L. Harvey, no. 65 (herb. Univ. Nebraska); H.
. Hasse, 1886 (herb. Univ. Tennessee).

Texas: H. 1862 (herb. Mo. Bot. Garden).

- Physalis angulata L. Sp. Pl. 183. 1753; Ed. 2: 262; Mill. Gard.
Dict. Ed. 8: no. 10; Lam. Enc. Meth. 2: 101; Spreng. Syst.
Veg. 1: 697 (in part); Willd. Sp. Pl. 1: 1022; Enum. Hort.
Ber. 1: 232; Roem. & Sch. Syst. Veg. 4: 676; Don. Gard.
Dict. 4: 450; Walp. Rep. 3: 25; Nees, Linnaea, 6: 474 (in
part); Dunal in DC. Prod. 13: part I, 448; Gray, Man. Ed. 2:
339; Ed.5: 381; Proc. Àm. Acad. 10: 64; Syn, FL 2: part
1, 234; Wats. & Coult. in Gray, Man. Ed. 6: 375; Ell. Sk. Bot..
S. C. and Ga. 1: 278; Chapman, Fl. So. St. 351; Coult. Man.
Bot. Rocky Mt. 269 (in part).

P. dubia Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. 1: 181, 1821; not Gmelin.
P. Linkiana Nees, Linnaea, 6; 471. 1831 ; Don, Gard. Dict. 4:

449; Walp. Rep. 3: 25; Dunal in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 448;

Sendt. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 10: 131; Wood, Class Book 579, 1863;

Bot. and Flor. 264, 1873.

P. arenaria Nees. |. c. as synonym.
P. Peruviana and P. minima Wallr. Cat. acc. to Nees, I. c. and

Dunal, l. c.

—

Ll
N

Syn. FL 2: part 1, 234.
P. ciliata Sieb. & Zuce. Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 2: 22, 1846; acc.
to Kew Index.

Erect, 44-1 m. high, glabrous, stem angular; leaves ovate, with
more or less cuneate base, somewhat sinuately toothed with
long acuminate teeth ; blade 4-7 cm. long, on slender, 2-4 cm.
long petioles, thin, veins not prominent; peduncles slender, 2- 3cm.,
erect, in fruit often reflexed but seldom exceeding the fruiting
calyx in length; calyx smooth, lobes triangular to lanceolate, gen-
erally shorter than the tube; corolla 5-10 cm. in diameter ; anthers
more or less purplish tinged; fruiting calyx about 3 cm. long,
ovoid, not prominently 5—10-angled, sometimes purple-veined and
at last nearly filled with the yellow berry.

Its range extends from North Carolina to Texas, Central

America, Brazil and the West Indies; also in India.

994

North Carolina: G. McCarthy, no. 18, 1885; Darlington;
Wm. M. Canby, 1867.

South Carolina: T.C. Porter, (a narrow: leaved form); Ravenel;
M. A. Curtis.

Florida : Blodgett; Chapman, no. 115; A. H. Curtiss, no.
1043, 1876; no. 2208 ; G. V. Nash, no. 1052, 1894; A. W. Chap-
man.

Georgia: J. K. Small, 1894.

Louisiama: Riddell; S. T. Olney; Hale.
Illinois: H Eggert.

Indian Territory : Bush, no. 397, 1894.
Cuba: C. Wright, no. 3637, 1865, etc.
Jamaica: Hitchcock, no. 1130, 1892.
St. Thomas: Eggers, no. 295, 1830.
Panama: Fendler, no. 247, 1850.
British Guiana: Jenman, no. 5155.
Brazil: Saint-Hilaire, no. 41 B, 1816-21.
Peru: Wilkes Exp., 1838-42.

. Philadelphicae: Annuals with a branching root or perennials with a thick more
or less fleshy rootstock; fruiting calyx (except in P. macrophysa) indistinctly
5-10-angled and seldom sunken at the base; flowers large, 1-214 cm. in diame-
ter, yellow with a brown or purple center; pubescence on the leaves none, on the
upper part of the stem and the calyx sparse and short, if any, or in young plants
of the first species sometimes finely puberulent.

Lnd
E

ra
to

. Physalis ixocarpa Brot.* Horneman, Hort. Hafn. Suppl. 26.

1810.

P. aequata Jacq. f.; Nees in Linnaea, 6: 470. 1831 ; Don, Gard.
Dict. 4: 449; Jacq. f. Ecl. 2: 2.737. 1844; Walp. Rep. 3: 25;
Schiede & Schlecht. Linnaea, 19: 309; Dunal in DC. Prod. 13:
part 1, 447 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10:64; Syn. Fl. 2: part 1,234;
Bot. Cal. 1: 541. Coulter, Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb 2: 300; S. B.
Parish, Zoe, 1: 122.

P. Philadelphica minor Dunal in DC. Prod. 13: Part 1, 450. 1852.
At first erect, later widely spreading, much branched; stem
angled, glabrous or the younger parts sparingly hairy ; leaves from
cordate to ovate with cuneate base, which is somewhat oblique,
sinuately dentate or entire, 3-6 cm. long ; peduncles short, 2-5 mm.;
calyx sparingly hairy, lobes short, broadly triangular, shorter

*'The name was published in 1183 in DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp.

935

than the tube; corolla bright yellow with purple throat, 1-177 cm.
(sometimes nearly 2 cm.) in diameter; fruiting calyx rounded ovoid,
obscurely 10-angled, often purple- -veined, at last often filled with
the purple berry, which sometimes bursts it.

P, ixocarpa is a native of Mexico and bordering states. It is
often cultivated for its fruit and escapes frequently from cultivation.
The cultivated specimens have often larger flowers and more sinu-
ately toothed leaves, and have often been mistaken for 2. Phila-
delphica, from which it can be distinguished by its short peduncles
which are scarcely longer than the calyx, and by its short and
broad calyx-lobes.*

The following specimens have been examined :

Native:

California: Dr. T. Coulter, no. 584; Parry and Lemmon, 1876;
J. C. Nevin, 1878; Engelmann, 1880; S. B. and W. F. Parish, no.
585, 1882; 1888; W.G. Wright, 1889; C. P. Bingham, no. 29; | S.
B. Parish, 1893; Dr. E. Hasse, 1887.

Colorado: Brandegee, 1873.

New Mexico : Fendler, no. 680, 1847.

Texas: Berlandier, no. 857; C. Wright, 1848.

Mexico : Dr. J. Gregg, no. 308, 1848; Thurber, no. 852,1852;
Bourgeau, no. 871 and 2604, 1865-6; J. G. Schaffner, no. 701.
1876; H. E. Seaton, no. 453, 1891; Halsted; E. Kerber, no,
288A ; Parry and Palmer, no. 640 and 646, 1878; Palmer, no. 946,
1880; no. 1 and 3 1886; W. G. Wright, ı no. 1253, 1889; Pringle,
no. 806, 1886.

Cuba: C. Wright, no. 36361.

Introduced or cultivated:

Massachusetts: W. Deane; Harvard Botanic Garden.

New York: Geneva (Nat. Herb. nos. 126164 and 126165),
1887; T.F. Allen.

New Jersey: C.F. Parker, 1874.

Pennsylvania: Martindale, 1876, 1879, Parker, 1874.

District of Columbia: Richardson, 1878.

Maryland: J. Donnell Smith, 1876.

__ Vagmia: Schriver, no. 38, 1882.

To Specimens collected by WON Ga (mo. 6) We GN
Wash., has the general habit and leaves of P, Philadelphica, the short peduncles and
fruit of P. ixocarpa and the flowers intermediate between the two. It may be distinct
but the material is incomplete.

336

Ohio: Beardslee.

Missouri: Engelmann, 1880.

Îllinois : + Engelmann, 1881.

Michigan: Bailey, 1884; no. 4, 1887.

Wisconsin: T. J. Hale, 1861.

Minnesota: | Holzinger, 1889; Wm. M. Canby, 1868.

Dakota: J. M. Coulter.

Oregon: L. F. Henderson, no. 93, 1885.

Washington: T. S. Brandegee, 1885; H. E. Seaton, no. 372.
1891, in part.

Ca 14. Physalis Philadelphica Lam. Enc. Meth. 2: ror. 1786;
/ Pursh, FL Am. Sept. 157; Roern. & Sch. Syst. Veg. 4: 677;
Nees, Linnaea, 6: 481; Don, Gard. Dict. 4: 450; Walp. Rep. 3:
26; Dunal, DC. Prod. 13: part 1,450; Eat. Man. Ed. 2: 358;
Ed: 3: 390; Ed 5: 329; Ed. 6: 2014 Gray, Man Ro. T:
$54; Ed. 5: 381; Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 04; Syn. EL s: part
I, 234; Wats. & Coulter in Gray, Man. Ed. 6: 375; Torr. Fl.
N. & M. U. S. 235; Eat. & Wright, N. Am. Bot. 357; Wood,
Class Book, 579 (1863); Bot. & Flor. 264 (1873); Noll, Fl.
Pa. 282; Coult. Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 300.
P. chenopodifolia Willd. Sp. Pl. 1: 1023. 1798. Not Lam.*
P. atriplicifolia Jacq. Frag. 58, pl. 85 (1800-8), Poir. Enc. Meth.
Suppl. 2: 348; Roem. & Sch. Syst. Veg. 4: 677.
P. ovata Poir. Enc. Meth. Suppl. 2: 347. 1811.
P. megistocarpa Zuccagn. Obs. Cent. no. 57; Roem. Coll. Bot.
I 30. 1809.
P. angulata Philadelphica Gray, Man. Ed. 2: 340. 1856.
P. angulata Spreng. Syst, Veg. 1: 697. 1825 (in part); Porter
& Coulter, Syn. FI. Col. 110. In part. 1874.
Annual, or perennial from a deep rootstock, tall, erect, 14-114
m. high ; stem angled, dichotomously branched, glabrous or some-

base and more or less acuminate, entire or repand-denticulate,
6-10 cm. long, on petioles 4-6 cm., often in pairs; peduncles
slender, 1-2 cm. long, generally longer than the flower; calyx
glabrous or minutely ciliolate, lobes ovate-lanceolate or triangular,
sometimes broadly ovate and unequal, generally equalling the

*Ill. 2: 28 (1791-3).

337

tube; corolla yellow or greenish yellow with purplish throat,
1.5-2.5 cm. in diameter, anthers tinged with purple ; fruiting calyx
at first somewhat 10-angled and sunken at the base, at last often
filled with or even burst by the large red or purple berry.

Broad-leaved forms somewhat resemble P. macrophysa, with
which they may be confused if the fruit is not examined. Narrow-
leaved specimens seem to connect it with P. longifolia. P. Philadel-
placa is generally described as an annual. In the western part of
its range, it is, as a rule, perennial from a deep rootstock resemb-
ling that of P. longifolia, P. macrophysa and P. Virginiana ; but per-
ennial specimens have been collected as far east as New Jersey
(F. L. Stevens). In the East, as a rule, itis an annual with branch-
ing roots, and somewhat resembles P. irocarpa. The perennial
Specimens generally have broader leaves, of a somewhat firmer tex-
ture, and are less oblique at the base, but these characters are not
constant, and I have failed to find any character which would
warrant the division of the species into two, one annual and one
perennial. The general habit, the form and size of the flower, the
peduncles and the fruiting calyx are always the same. If it can
be divided into two, the name P. Phnladelphica should be retained
for the annual form.

P. Philadelphica ranges from Rhode Island and Georgia to
Texas and Nebraska. The following specimens have been ex-
amined :

New York: G. W. Clinton.
Rhode Island: I. T. Collins, no. 7, 1892.
New Jersey: Rusby, 1879; F. L. Stevens (perennial).
Pennsylvania: J.B. Brinton, 1891; R.G. Bechdoldt, 1889; T.
. Porter, 1858, 1889; J. K. Small, 1889.
North Carolina: C. F. Millspaugh, no. 627, 139o.
Georgia: Chapman.
Kentucky: H. H. Eaton, 1831; O. Mueller.
Tennessee: Gattinger, 1880; C. W. Short; Wm. M. Canby,
8

CI

Louisiana: Chapman; Dr. J. Hale, 1884.

Texas: Mrs. M. L. Nash,* 1888; E. Palmer, no. 947,t 1880,
1879; E. Hall, 499+ (in part); Reverchon, 1874. Vis
2 SNartow-leaved with DEER EN

. +Thick-leaved forms, doubtfully referred here. They may perbaps belong to
£P. Texana. f

338

Colorado : Brandegee, 1873, 1874.

Nebraska: "TN. Hayden, 1853; H. Engelmann, 1856.

Missouri: Lindheimer, 1839; Engelmann, 1841; L. H.
Pammel, 1894; B. F. Bush, no. 263, 1893.

Illinois : Dr. Brendel, 1873; J. Wolf, 1881; H. N. Patterson,
1874.

Arkansas: F. L. Harvey.

Ohio: E. Wilkinson, 1887; CG Lloyd, 1882; H. C. Cowles,

Towa: P. H. Rolfs, 1891; A. S. Hitchcock, 1884 and 1889;
L. H. Pammel, 1894; Stewart, 1891.
Venezuela: A. Fendler, no. 1012, 1854-5.

7 Physalis longifolia Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. (II) 5: 193.
(1834); Dunal in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 447 ; Torr. Bot. Mex.
Bound. Surv. 153.

P. pumila Sonorae Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. Surv. 153. 1859.

P. lanceolata laevigata Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. ro: 68. 1875;
syn. Fl. 2: Part 1, 237; Coult. Man. Rocky Mt. 270; Wats. &
Coult. in Gray, Man. Ed. 6: 376; Coult. Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2:
301.

Perennial from a thick rootstock; stem in the common form
stout and tall, 7-1 m. high, slightly angled, branched above, the
branches strict, glabrous; leaves lanceolate, oblanceolate or linear,
tapering into a stout short petiole 1-2 cm. long, subentire or re-
pand ; peduncles 1-2 cm. long, in fruit often recurved ; calyx gen-
erally glabrous, lobes triangular-lanceolate, about the length of the
tube; corolla 1-2 cm. in diameter, yellow with a dark commonly
brownish center; anthers yellow, tinged with purple; fruiting
calyx ovoid, about 3 cm. long, not sunken at the base; berry
yellow, the lower portion and the stipe glutinous.

P. longifolia is nearly related to the preceding. Nuttall, in
the original description, states that it is very near to P. chen-
opodifolia. Probably he meant P. chenopodifolia Willd. (changed
to P. atriplicifolia Jacq.), which is the preceding species, not that of
Lamarck. The original specimens of Nuttall are not of the normal
type. They lack the strict habit characteristic of the common
form. The leaves are also more plainly lanceolate than usual.

P. longifolia grows generally in rich soil in the prairie and
plain region of central United States, viz:

359

lowa: L. H. Pammel, No. 94.

Nebraska: F.C. Clements, no. 2604, 1893 : Rydberg, no. 272,
1891; Seigcrist, 1889; Woods & Saunders, 1893; J. M. Bates,
no. 95, 1892; Misses Smith and Lee, 1894.

South Dakota: Hayden, 1853; T. A. Williams, 1891; Ryd-
berg, no. 910, 1892. gg BS

Wyoming: H. Engelmann, 1856.

Colorado: Greene, no. 323,1870; Miss A. Eastwood, 1892; T.
S. Brandegee, 1873; L. F. Ward, 1881; M. E. Jones, no. 573, 1878.

Utah: C: C. Parry, 1875; L. F. Ward, no. 676, 1875.

New Mexico: Dr. Henry; C. Wright, no. 1605, 1851-2;
Fendler, no. 681, 1847; Parry, no. 170, 1867.

Arizona: Dr. Smart, no. 365, 1867; C. G. Pringle, no. 30,
1881; 1891; Palmer, no. 36314, 1877; Dr. Patzky, 1890.

— Arkansas: Coville, no. 207, 1886-7 ; Marcy’s Exp.

Missouri: S. B. Parish, 1883; S. Weller, 1890; Wm. M.
Canby, 1871.

Kansas: C. L. Shear, no. 125, 1894; Kellerman, no. II. (in
part); J. E. Bodin, 1887; E. E. Gay, no. 492, 1892.

Texas: Wright, no. 1605, 1851-2.

Mexico: Parry & Palmer, no. 643 and 647, 1878 ; G. Thurber.
no. 418, 1851; Cooper; Dr. Gregg, no. 422, 1848-49; Pringle,
no. 2804, 1889.*

Without given locality :

Mex. Bound. Sur., no. 1022, 1852.

Fremont, 3d Exp., no. 467, 1845.

Nicoll. Exp., A. Geyer, no. 249, 1839.
^ 16. Physalis Texana n. sp.

very villous in the throat; anthers yellow; fruiting calyx about
3 cm. long, ovoid, indistinctly 10-angled, not sunken at the base;
berry purplish.

* Broad-leaved,

340

It is nearly related to the two preceding. Perhaps allthree are
but varieties of the same species. It differs from P. Philadephica
in the subentire more obtuse leaves, which are generally long-
petioled, from P. longifolia in the much broader and shorter leaves,
and from both in its low, diffuse and more fleshy habit, its shorter
peduncles and the very dense and woolly pubescence of the throat
of the corolla.

The following specimens have been examined:

Texas: A.A, Heller, no. 1507, 1894 (type); F. Lindheimer,
1828; E. Hall, no. 499, 1872, in part (Herb. College of Pharmacy,
New York City).

17. Physalis macrophysa Rydberg, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 22:

308. 1895.

Perennial; root somewhat thick and fleshy; stem erect, O.5-1
meter high, comparatively slender, angled, perfectly glabrous, or the
upper parts sparingly pubescent with very short hairs; leaves
large, thin, 4-8 centimeters long, 2-5 centimeters wide, the lower
obtuse, the upper acute or acuminate, on slender petioles 2—4 cen-
timeters long; peduncles 1—1.5 centimeters long, erect, in fruit re-
flexed; calyx smooth, lobes ovate-triangular or broadly lanceo-
late, generally a little shorter than the tube; corolla yellow with a
d center, about 2 centimeters in diameter ; anthers generally

m
ovoid-conic, indistincdy 10- EEN ef sunken at the base;
berry small, in the center of the
This is nearly related to P. nié and P. Philadelphica, but
differs from both by its very large and inflated fruiting calyx and
its broader leaves. The following specimens have been examined:
Arkansas: | A. E. Heacox, 1889.
Kansas: E. A. Popenoe, no. 68, 1875.
Texas: Lindheimer, 1828; A. A. Heller, no. 1756. 1894.
North Carolina (?): Small and Heller, no. 389. 1891.*
Ohio (?): T.H. Horsford,* 1879; C. W. Short,* garden.
V. Lanceolatae : Perennials from a rootstock, which, in most of the species, is slen-
r and creeping, but in Z. Virginiana thick and somewhat fleshy ; pubescence
sparse, consisting of flat, sometimes jointed, simple or in Z. pumila branched
hairs (but on the calyx never stellate), in the last three sometimes a little viscid ;
leaves from lanceolate to ovate-cordate.

| * These specimens lack fruit, and: may belong to A. Philadelphica, but the leaves
most resemble those of P, macrophysa.

341

D” 18. Physalis lanceolata Michx. Fl Bor. Am. 1: 149, 1803.

à Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 157; Eat. Man. Ed. 2: 358; Ed. 3: 390;
Ed. 5:329; Ed.6: 263; Eat. & Wr. N. A. Bot. 357 ;* Hol-
zinger, Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 1: 212, in part.

P. Pennsylvanica lanceolata Gray, Man. Ed. 5: 382. 1867 ;

Wood, Bot. & Fl. 263; Porter & Coult. Syn. Fl. Col. 110.
_ Perennial; rootstock apparently as a rule slender and creep-
ing; stem about LG m. high, first erect, later spreading or
diffuse, only slightly angled, sparingly hirsute with flat hairs;
leaves broadly oblanceolate or spatulate, tapering into the petiole,
acute or obtuse, nearly always entire, rarely wavy, but never
sinuately toothed, thickish, sparingly hairy with short hairs; pedun-
cles 1-2 cm. long, in fruit reflexed ; calyx strigose or villous, rarely
glabrous, lobes triangular-lanceolate : corolla dullish yellow with a
brownish center, about 1: 4 cm. in diameter; fruiting calyx
rounded ovoid, not sunken at the base, indistinctly ıo-angled ;
berry yellow or greenish yellow.

It has generally been confused with P. Virgianana Mill., not
Gray, but is easily distinguished by the fruiting calyx which is
not sunken at the base and scarcely angular, by the slender root-
Stock, by the dullish yellow corolla, and by the leaves, which are
much thicker in texture, of a darker green color, and entire or
nearly so. Its nearest relative is the next species into which its
broader-leaved forms seem to pass.

P. lanceolata grows on dry prairies and is common west of the
Missouri River, but extends eastward to the Carolinas.

North Carolina: H. W. Ravenel, 1869.

South Carolina: H.W. Ravenel, 1866.

Louisiana: Marcy Exp.

Illinois: W. S. Moffatt, 1893.

Towa: Arthur, no. 37, 1858.

Missouri: 1. H. Pammel, 1888.

Kansas: Kellerman, no. 5,t 1888; E. Bartholomew, 1891 ;
M. A. Carleton, no. 298, 1891. mu

Nebraska: H. Englemann; Rydberg, no. 273, 1891; no. 1330,
1893; F. C. Clements, no. o. 2968, 1893; Webber, 1889; Hapeman,
1891; Smith & Pound, no. 151, 1892; A. F. Woods, no. 330,
1892; Fremont, no. 4. Beer.

* In later American works, the references belong only partly to this species, but
mainly to Z. Virginiana, under which they will be found.

TApproaches P, pumila in habit.

942

Colorado: T. S. Brandegee, no. 58951, 1872; Miss Eastwood,
1892; M. A. Carleton, 1890; H. C. Beardslee, no. 2216, 1879;
W. A. Henry, 1875* ; Geo. Vasey, 461, 1868; Hall & Harbour,

no. 162, 1862; Hayden.

Wyoming: Spec. in Herb. University of Wyoming.

Arizona: J. G: Lemmon, 1882,* 1848.

New Mexico: Fendler, no. 682, 1847; Wislizenus, no. 466,
1846. j^ Se =
+19. Physalis pumila Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Bi. CH. Ae: 193. 1844.

P. lanceolata hirta Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 68, 1874; Syn. Fl
2: part I, 237; Wats. & Coult. in Gray, Man. Ed. 6: 376; Coult.
Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 301.

P. lanceolata pumila Rydberg, in MS. in several herbaria. — |

£F cinerascens Hitchcock, Spring Fl. Manhattan, 32. 1894.
Not P. Pensylvanica cinerascens Dunal.t

P. Pennsylvanica Gray, Hall's Pl. no. 501.

Perennial from a slender rootstock, %-1 m. high; stem ob-
scurely angled; leaves thick, generally broadly ovate, acute at
both ends and somewhat rho mboid, the lower often obtuse and

obovate, generally much larger than in the preceding ; blade 5-10
cm. long, entire or seldom sinuate, on petioles, 2-3 cm. long stri-
gose with many-branched hairs, especially so on the lower sur-
face; peduncles 1-2 cm. long, in fruit reflexed and 3-5 cm. long;
calyx densely hirsute, not stellate, lobes triangular, generally a
little shorter than the tube; corolla yellow with brown center,
137-2 cm. in diameter; fruiting calyx generally more elongated
than in the preceding, 4-5 cm. long, oblong-ovoid, a little sunken
at the base, indistinctly 10-angle

P. pumila is related to the preceding species and may be but
a variety thereof, but as the stouter habit, the larger and more
acute leaves, the longer and denser pubescence of the stem and
the forked pubescence of the leaves are characters that nearly al-
ways go together, I have given it, doubtfully, a specific rank.
Seeing only the broad-leaved forms, nobody would hesitate to do
so, but the narrower leaved forms, as for instance the type speci-
mens of Nuttall, can scarcely be distinguished from. the broad-
leaved ones of P. lanceolata, except by the forked pubescence.
This character distinguishes also the more luxuriant forms with

*Some with a few branched hairs.
1 DC. Prod. 13: Part 1, 435. 1852.

343

rhomboidal leaves from P. heterophylla ambigua which they some-
what resemble. P. pumila approaches P. mollis cinerascens only in
the fact that the hairs are branched.

P. pumila belongs to the plain region west of Mississippi and
ranges from Missouri to Colorado and Texas.

Missouri: MB. F. Bush, no. 1028, 1888; no. 8, 1882; no. 264c
1893; no. 264A ; no. 339, 1894 ; S. Weller, 1887.

Kansas: C. G..Pringle, 1885; T. H. Oyster, 1886; Mary
Waugh, 1893; W. C. Stevens*; J. H. Carruth, 1879.

Arkansas: Nuttall (type); Engelmann, no. 153, 1875.

Indian Territory : G. D. Butler (broad-leaved)* 1877; no. 6,
1877, and no. 84; B. F. B.; Ed. Palmer, no. 213, 1868.

Colorado: Beardslee.

Texas: Reverchon, no. 681, 1879; Lindheimer, no. 94; E.

Hall, no. 501, 1872 ; Drummond, no. 239, 1835.

20. Physalis Virginiana Mill. Gard. Dict. Ed. 8: no. 4; Fig. PI.

138. pl. 206. Er: Walp. Rep. 3: 26.

P. lanceolata + Roem. & Sch. Syst. Veg. 4: 673; Torr. Fl.
N. and M. U. S. 233; Comp. Fl. U. S. 111; Nicollet, Rep. 156;
Beck, Bot. 158; Ed. 2: 255; Wood, Class Book, Ed. 41: 447
(1855); 579 (1863); Don, Gard. Dict. 4: 448; Walp. Rep. 3: 26;
Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 66; Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 236; Chap-
man, Fl. So. St. 350 (in part?); Coult. Man. Rocky Mts. 270; Cont.
U.S. Nat. Herb. 2: 301; Wats. and Coult. in Gray, Man. Ed. 6:
376, mainly.

P. Pennsylvanıca Gray, Man. Ed. 5: 382 (1867); Spreng. Syst.
Veg. 1: 697 (in part); Torr. Fl. N. and M. U.S. 2341; Comp.
1101; Darlington, Fl. Cest. 27 (1826){; Beck, Bot. 258}; Eat.
Man. Ed. 2: 3581; Ed. 3: 390; Eat. & Wright, N. Am. Bot.
357; Wood, Bot. & Flor. 263 (1873).1

P. viscosa Pennsylvanica Wood, Class Book 209 (1845); 441

. (1855).

Perennial; rootstock thick and somewhat fleshy; stem 172-1 m

high, erect, dichotomously branched, somewhat angular, more or

*Approaches P. heterophylla ambigua in the form of the leaves, pubescence in in
Some specimens somewhat stellate

+ Some of these references écho also the true Z. /anceolata Michx.

+ These references belong questionably to this species.

944

less strigose-hairy with flat hairs, sometimes somewhat glandular,
or in some forms nearly glabrous; leaves ovate-lanceolate, taper-

dentate, often yellowish green; peduncles 1-2 cm. long, generally
erect, in fruit curved, but scarcely reflexed ; calyx strigose, hirsute,
or atleast puberulent, lobes triangular or broadly lanceolate, nearly
equalling the tube; corolla sulphur-yellow with purplish spots,
115—214 cm. in diameter ; anthers yellow ; fruiting calyx pyramidal-
ovoid, 5-angled and sunken at the base ; berry reddish

P. Virginiana is, next to P. heterophylla, the most common of
our species. It grows in rich soil and frequents open places, such
as fields, roadsides, borders of woods. Specimens from about
IOO localities have been examined, which show that it is common
from Michigan and Minnesota to Colorado and Louisiana. Be-
sides I have seen specimens from the following states :

New York: Dr. N. L. Britton.

South Carolina: Wm. Canby.

Florida : Chapman.

Georgia: Le Conte.

Manitoba: E. Bourgeau, 1859.

Like P. heterophylla, it is very variable. The original form de-
scribed and figured by Miller is more densely hairy, with longer
hairs, sometimes even somewhat glutinous, and with broad and
more deeply sinuate-toothed leaves. It is comparatively rare
and probably had not been seen by Gray, when he applied the
name P. Virginiana to P. heterophylla Nees. The following speci-
mens of this form are in our herbaria:

Illinois: Vasey.

Michigan: - C. F. Wheeler, 1890.

Minnesota : Dr. Jarvis ; J. H. Sandberg, no. 975, 1891.

Towa: Hitchcock, 1889; J. A. Rolfs, 1891

Tennessee: Gattinger, 1886; Scribner, 1890.

Missowi: LH Pammel.

Kansas: J. E. Bodin.

Wisconsin: S. N. Watson.

The common, less hairy form has more indistinctly toothed
leaves. The usual color of the plant is more or less yellowish
green. The Florida specimens are more slender and have thinner
leaves, and are in some cases hard to distinguish from forms of

-

945

P. arenicola. In the upper Mississippi Valley, a dark verdigris-
green form, with small thickish sinuately lobed, nearly smooth
and shining leaves and short and wide fruiting calyx, is sometimes
found. It is represented by the following specimens :

[inois : W.S. Moffatt, 1893.

Wisconsin: E. A. Mearns, 1800.

Minnesota: G. B. Aiton, 1890.

There is also a form near P. Virginiana,the position of which
is uncertain. It is temporarily placed here as a variety :
Physalis Virginiana intermedia n. v.

Leaf very thin and subentire, gradually tapering in to a winged
petiole; pubescence in the young plant somewhat viscid.

This is a very peculiar plant, in pubescence and flower resem-
bling forms of P. heterophylla, in the form of the leaves recalling
P. lanceolata, but in their texture P. Carpenter. The general habit
and fruiting calyx are those of P. Virginiana which it comes
nearest. The following specimens are preserved in the herbaria ;

Southern States: S. B. Buckley (type).

Alabama: S. B. Buckley.

Texas: Lindheimer, 1828.

Indiana: N. L. Britton.

. Physalis arenicola Kearney, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 21: 485.

1894.

Stems 2-4 dm., slender, much branched, striate, from a slender
creeping rootstock; plant light green; pubescence mostly of
simple hairs, but sometimes a little glandular, in age scarcely any,
eXcept on the veins of the calyx; leaves usually small, blade
175-6 cm. long, but sometimes up to 8 cm., ovate, cordate, trun-
cate or cuneate at the base, irregularly angulate-dentate, pubes-
cence, if any, along the veins, which are generally prominent and
conspicuously reticulated ; peduncles slender ; calyx-lobes triangu-
lar-lanceolate, equalling the tube; corolla 134-2 cm. in diam.,
light yellow; anthers yellow; fruiting calyx 3 cm. long, narrowly
ovoid or rather oblong-pyramidal or nearly cylindric, conspicu-
ously reticulated ; berry light yellow.

It much resembles certain forms of the preceding species, but
is generally more slender, light green, but not yellowish. As the
name indicates, it grows in sandy soil, and seems to be limited to
Florida. The following specimens have been examined :

Florida: G. V. Nash, no. 1170, 1894 (type); B. F. Seeds,

N

946

1886; Bacon; Mary C. Reynolds, 1877 ; Chapman ;* Fredholm
no. 65, 1893; Curtiss, no. 2210, in part. H. J. Webber, no. 125.

22. Physalis ciliosa n. sp.

Perennial from a slender creeping rootstock, upright, branched,
2-3 dm. high; stem terete, scarcely striate, together with the
pedicels and calyces ciliate with long and white jointed hairs;
leaves 4-7 cm. long, ovate, truncate or slightly cordate at the
base, subentire or with a few coarse teeth, sparsely hairy on the
veins, long-petioled, thin and not conspicuously veiny ; peduncles
very slender; calyx turbinate, resembling that of P. arenicola ;
corolla funnelform-campanulate, apparently without dark mark-
ings ; fruiting calyx ovoid-pyramidal, sunken at the base.

In habit it most resembles P. heterophylla ambigua, but differs
in being much more slender, in the thin leaves, in the longer and
finer hairs and in the corolla, calyx and peduncles, which are those
of P. aremicola. lt might have been included in the following
group, but itlacks the short dense pubescence, which is character-
istic to the species belonging there. The following are the speci-
mens found in our herbaria.

Florida : Chapman (in Herb. J. Donnell Smith, Harvard Uni-
versity, Columbia College, and A. W. Chapman, type); Curtiss, no.
27,in part.

Tennessee: Gattinger (in Herb. of J. Donnell Smith and Wm.
y)

Georgia: Darby (Gi, Wm. M. Canby, 1869. (?)

VI. Heterophyllae: Perennials from a slender rootstock or stout caudex; pubescence
dense, not stellate, short, more or less viscid or glandular (except in Z.
viana), often mixed with long flat jointed hairs; fruiting calyx more or less
distinctly 5-angled and, except in the last species, more or less sunken at the
base; leaves from oval or rhombic to reniform.

23. Physalis Peruviana L. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2,1670. 1763. Willd. Sp.
Pl. 1: 1022; Nees, Linnaea, 6: 464; Don, Gard. Dict. 4: 449;
Walp. Rep. 3: 24; Dunal in DC. Prod. 13: part 1,440; Roxb.
Fl. Ind. Or. Ed. 2, 1: 563; Gray, Syn. Fl. 2: part I, 233;
Roem. & Sch. Syst. Veg. 4: 674.

P. esculenta Salisb. Prod. 132. 1796. Willd. Act. Nat. Cur.

Berol. 4: 197; Roem. & Sch. Syst. 4: 674.

* Between this and Z. Virginiana.
t Specimens with very large nearly smooth leaves, but the form and pubescence
ofthe calyx show that it belongs here. Probably an overgrown individual.

347

P. tomentosa Medic. Act. Theod. Pal. 4: 184. 1780.

P. pubescens R. Br. Prod. Fl. Nov. Hall, 1: 447. 1810. Spreng.
Syst. 1: 698.

P. tuberosa Zuccagn.; Sav. Roem. Coll. 130. 1809. Obs. Cent. 43.

P. edulis Sims, Bot. Mag. pl. 7068. 1807. Cyr. Balb. Cat. Hort.
Tour. 58. 1813.

Alkckengi pubescens Moench, Meth. 473. 1774.

Herschella edulis Bowdich, Excurs. Mader, 159. 1825.

Perennial from a creeping rootstock, tall, erect, densely pu-
bescent, but the hairs short; stem angled; leaves large, ovate-
cordate with a distinct long acumination, 5-15 cm. long, 4-10
cm. wide, subentire or sinuately few-toothed; petioles 2-4 cm.
long; calyx villous; lobes lanceolate, acuminate, as long as the
tube; corolla about 2 cm. in diameter; anthers generally violet ;
berry viscid, yellow.

A native of South America. It is cultivated for its fruit in all
warm and temperate regions and often escapes.

Michigan: LH. Bailey, no. 5. 1887.

New Jersey: 1. C. Martindale, 1879 (ballast).

Physalis Peruviana latifolia (Lam.) Dunal in DC. Prod. 13: part

I, 440. 1852.

P. latifolia Lam. Ill. 2: 29. 1793. Roem. & Sch. Syst. Veg. 4:
676.

P. Barbadensis Lam. Enc. Meth. 2: 102. 1786.

Leaves larger, rounded, cordate; base more decidedly cordate
than in the species, stem stouter.

Also cultivated and escaped. The only specimens seen in our
herbaria are from Golden Gate Park, Calif., collected by F. O. Vin-
cent (Herb. Calif. Acad. Sci.). .
| Z 24. Physalis heterophylla Nees, Linnaea, 6: 463. 1831. Don,
jr Gard. Dict. 4: 449; Walp. Rep. 3: 24; Dunal in DC. Prod.

I3: Part 1, 430.

(?) P. viscosa Jacq. Hort Vind. 2: pl. 136. 1772. Not L.

P. viscosa Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 157. 1814. Torr. Fl. N. & M.
U. S. 233; Comp. 110; Fl. N. Y. 103; Beck, Bot. 257; Ed. 2,
255; Darl. Fl. Cest. 27, 1826; 138, 1837; Eat. Man. Ed. 2, 358;
Ed. 3, 390; Ed. 5, 328; Ed. 6, 262; Eat. & Wr. N. A. Bot. 356;
Gray, Man. 354; Ed. 2, 340; Ed. 5, 382; Wood, Class-Book

348

447, 1855 ; 579, 1865; Bot. & Flor. 263, 1873; Noll, Fl. Pa. 282;
‘Chapman, Fl. So. St. 350; Porter & Coulter, Syn. Fl. Colo. 110;
Hoizinger, Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 1: 170. Not L.

P. nutans Walt. acc. to Nees, Linnaea, 6: 463 ; Don, Gard. Dict.
A: A1 Wale Rep. 3) 27; Roem: & Sch. Syst 4: 68r. Not
Gmelin.

P. Pennsylvamca Willd. acc. Nees. Linnaea, 6: 463. 1831.
Hook. Fl Bor. Am. 2: 90. 1834. Not L.

P. Virginica Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 65. 1874.

P. Fortuane Gray, Syn. Fl 2: part 1, 235. 1878. Coult.
Man. Rocky Mts. 270; Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 300; Wats. &
Coult. in Gray, Man. Ed. 6, 375. Not Mill.

Perennial from a slender creeping rootstock, 17—1 m. tall,
at first erect, later generally decumbent and spreading, viscid and
glandular, and villous with long spreading jointed flat hairs ; leaves
large, blade generally over 5 cm., generally broadly cordate, often
acute but very rarely with an acumination, thick, more or less sin-
uately toothed, or sometimes subentire ; calyx long- villous; lobes
triangular, generally shorter than the tube; corolla 1 14-2 cm. in
diameter; anthers generally yellow; berry yellow.

P. heterophylla grows most commonly in rich soil, especially
where the surface has been disturbed in some way, as for instance
in fields, on road banks and rubbish heaps. Its range is from
New Brunswick and Saskatchewan to Colorado, Texas and Florida,
but it is most common in the Upper Mississippi Valley. A few
specimens have also been collected in California. Specimens from
over 100 localities have been examined. These show that it is
nearly impossible to characterize any good varieties, as the species
is very variable and the different forms grade into each other.

In shaded places, as, for instance, among bushes, it often be-
comes upright, nearly smooth, scarcely at all viscid, and with large
and thin leaves. The author has described it as var. umbrosa,*
but it scarcely deserves a varietal rank. A few of the specimens
represented by this form are:

Nebraska : P. A. Rydberg, no. 1398, 1893; Smith & Pound
No. 78, 1892; Le Roy ; Hayden, no. 242, in part, 1854.

Illinois: H F. Jaeger.

Jowa: Hitchcock, 1889.

Texas: Bigelow (Wipple’s Exp.).

*Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 3: 172. 1895.

349

In sandy soil, especially on the sandhills within the region of
the Great Plains, it becomes low, upright, with thick leaves, and
exceedingly villous, with grayish hairs. This formsomewhat resem-
bles the next variety, but is lower and generally has yellow
anthers. A few of the specimens are:

Nebraska: P. A. Rydberg, no. 1287 and no. 1808, 1895 ; C. E.
Bessey, 1887; H. Webber, 1889; Smith & Pound, no. 50, 1892.

Colorado: Parry.

Missouri: B. F. Bush, no. 9, 1892.

Jona: Paay TETE

Manitoba : Bourgeau, no. 1, 185 7-8.

Physalis heterophylla ambigua (Gray).

P. Virginica ambigua Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 65. 1874.

P. Virginiana ambigua Gray, Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 235.

P. ambigua Britton, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, 5: 287. 1895.

? P. obscura Torr. Fl. N. & M. U.S. 233. 1824 Comp. 110.

? P. nyctaginea. Dunal in DC. Prod 13: part 1, 440. 1852.*

Tall and generally upright, very long-villous, scarcely at all
viscid; flowers generally larger, anthers generally purplish, leaves
usually dark green and of a firm texture, more or less acuminate
at the apex, often subentire, and pubescent mainly on the veins
of the lower surface; but in the type specimens and those cited
with an asterisk, the leaves are thinner, of a lighter color, and
sinuately toothed.

The position of this variety is very uncertain.
good species, but it may also be simply a form of P. heterophylla,
which itself is made up of many different forms. The variety
ambigua seems to belong principally to the eastern and central
States.

The following specimens have been examined:

ermont: *A, J. Grout, 94.

Rhode Island: W.W. Bailey, 1880.

New York: Schweinitz (labelled P. obscura).

Ohio: A. E. Ricksecker, 1894; C. Wilkinson, 7826, 1892;
H. C. Cowles, 1891. x

*The author has labelled several herbarium spec

nyctaginea (Dunal) n. v., as it probably is P. obscur: Torr., on which Dunal :
P, nyctaginea, but it is better to adopt a newer but certain name instead of an older

It may be a

imens P. heterophylla

but very uncertain one.

950

New Jersey: W.W. Bailey.

Pennsylvania: P. E. Pierson, 1887; Dr. & Mrs. Britton, 1893.
West Virginia: C. F. Millspaugh.

Virginia: jJ. K. Small, 1892.

Georgia: A.P. Garber, 1877 and 1887.

Tennessee: Gattinger, 1882; *A.Gattinger, 1881; *Scribner,

Louisiana: A.B. Langlois, no. 1, 1880; no. 2, 1893.

Ohio: A. E. Ricksecker, 94; C. Wilkinson, no. 7826, 1892.

Indiana: A. H. Young, no. 40 (in part); 1875.

Michigan: C. F. Wheeler, 1890, *1891 ; *H. S. Camp, 1893;
O. A. Farwell, no. 623, 1889; C. A. Davis, 1890; L. H. Bailey,
1885.

Towa: F. R., 578; A. S. Hitchcock, 1886, 1887; B. Fink,
no. 281, 1894; *Hitchcock, 1889; zb H Rolfs, 1890, *1891;
*H. E. Crosby, 1888.

Wiconsin: *Lapham, *L. H. Pammel, 1887, *189r.

Missouri: Blankinship, 1889; D. Krause; *B. F. Bush, 1882.

Arkansas: A. E. Heacox, 1889. |

) 25. Physalis comata Rydb. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 22: 306. 1895.
erennial, erect, about 0.5 meter high; pubescence fine and
short, that on the calyx, peduncles and upper branches mixed with
long white flat jointed hairs; like P. heterophylla Nees (P. Vir-
gimana Gray, not L.), but leaves smaller, blade not over 0.5 deci-
long, rounded, ovate, scarcely at all cordate at the base,
about 5 centimeters long, thin, somewhat repand-dentate or nearly
entire; petioles as long as the leaves; peduncles as long as CH
fruiting calyx or longer; corolla greenish y ee with brow
center, 114-2 cm. in diameter; fruiting calyx as in P. hederafolia
Gray, but of thinner texture, 3-4 cm. Jong. rounded ovoid, some
what 10-angled, scarcely sunken at the bas
The validity of this as a species may Ge doubted It is inter-
mediate between P. heterophylla and P. hederacfolia and might be
placed as a variety of either with about equal reason. It, perhaps,
most resembles the latter, but differs in the thinner texture of the
leaves and the fruiting calyx, in the larger flowers, and in the long
white hairs.
The following localities are recorded :
Nebraska: P. A. Rydberg, no. 269, 1891 (type); nos. 271 and
270, 1891.

951

Kansas : E. Bartholomew, no. 2, 1892; E. A. Popenoe, 1875.

Texas: G. Jermy, no. 618, 1800. ^

Colorado : Vasey, no. 462, 1868 (poor specimen of this species ?).

A. few specimens (Rydberg, nos. 270 and 271, especially the
latter) are more grayish puberulent, have smaller flowers, and more
rhomboid leaves, which are somewhat decurrent on the petioles
and more oblique at the base. "They are similar to specimens in
the Harvard Herbarium received from Jardin des Plantes, Paris,
and labelled P. chenopodifolia. 1 therefore took this form for P.
chenopodifolia Lam. Although that species is also grayish pubes-
cent, it is distinct from my plant, as can be seen from the original
description. P. chenopodifolia stands in the same relation to P.
Peruviana as the present form does to P. heterophylla.

~ 26. Physalis hederaefolia Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 65. 1874.

Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 235 ; Coulter, Cont. U.S. Nat. Herb. 2: 300.

P. Alkekengi var. digitalifolia Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 153.
1858, not Dunal.*

P. mollis Torr. 1. c., in part.

P. digitalifolia Britton, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, 5: 288. 1895.

P. Palmeri Gray, Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 235. 1888.

Erect and branched, rarely decumbent, 3-5 cm. high, from a
thick perennial base, finely viscid-pubescent or villous; hairs gen-
erally short; leaves in the typical form broadly cordate or subren-
iform, coarsely and angulately sinuately toothed, more or less 3-5-
ribbed, about 3-5 cm. in diameter; peduncles generally short, but
in one form (P. Palmeri Gray), a little longer than the fruiting
calyx; calyx finely viscid-pubescent ` corolla about 114 cm. wide;
fruiting calyx ovoid, 5-10 angled, pubescent, 2-3 cm. long.

P. hederaefolia grows on rocky hills or high dry plains. It
ranges from southern Colorado and southern California to Mexico.
The following specimens are in the herbaria:

Colorado: Greene, 1880; Geo. Vasey (Powell's Exp.) no. 462,
1868. ym

Texas: Dr. V. Havard, no. 168 and 169, 1881 ; C. Wright,
no. 528, 1849; J. Reverchon, no. 1340, 1882; Mrs. Thomson, ;
no. 220, 1872; Bigelow in Mex. Bound. Surv. 1857; Schott in
Mex. Bound. Surv.t

*DC. Prod. 13: Part I, 438. 1852.

tApproaching P. comata in hairiness.

rm

352

New Mexico: Thurber, 1851; Wright, no. 1597 and no. 1600,
1851-2; E. L. Greene, no. 31, 1877, 1880and 1887 ; Vasey, 1881;
H H Rusby, no. 310, 1881 ; E. A. Mearns, no. 121, 1892.

Arizona: Coues & Palmer, no. 165, 1865.

Southern California: Dr. Greggs, 191.

Mexico: Gregg, nos. 439, C. C. Parry, 11, 1878.

Mex. Bound. Surv. nos. 1024 and 1023.

> A form with shorter and denser pubescence and more de-
-cumbent habit is var. puberula Gray. It is only represented by
the following specimens:

Texas: Wright no. 528, in part (type); Buckley; V. Hav-
ard, nos. 170 and 171, 1881.

Another form with slightly longer peduncles and more acutish
leaves, which are scarcely cordate at the base, is P. Palmeri Gray,
l. c. It forms a transition to P. Fendleri cordifolia. The only
specimens representing this form are:

New Mexico: H. H Rusby, no. 756, 1881.

Arizona and California: E. Palmer, no. 430, 1876; (type of
P. Palmeri Gray).

Mexico. C. G. Pringle, no. 15, 1885; Gregg.

In my opinion they scarcely deserve varietal rank.

, 27. Physalis rotundata.
P. hederaefolia Holzinger, Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 1: 212. 1892.
iffuse and spreading, much (generally dichotomously, zigzag)
branched, from a perennial rootstock, densely and finely viscid-
pubescent, generally more glandular than er DEEN leaves
nearly orbicular with more or less cordate base, 2-4 cm. in diame-
ter, with much smaller teeth than in P. (ere Setiolés short,
more or less winged; peduncles short, in fruit p more than
half the length of the calyx ; corolla 1 7, cm. in diameter, greenish
yellow with | brownish center ; fruiting calyx ovoid, RER is
not sunken at the base.

It is very near the preceding species and perhaps only a
variety thereof, but as it has a distribution distinct from that of 7.
hederacfolia, the ranges overlapping only little, it seems advisable
to treat it separately. Itcan always be distinguished by its spread-
ing habit, its smaller more rounded and less toothed leaves, and its
more glandular pubescence. The following specimens are in our
herbaria :

353

South Dakota: Williams, 1891 (type).

Nebraska: Webber, 1889; Woods & Saunders, no. 2182, 1893.

Kansas: C. L. Shear, no. 221, 1894; M. A. Carleton, no. 237
and 518, 1891. Kellerman, 1886; Fremont Exp Dry

Colorado: L. F. Ward, 1881; Fender. no. 679, 1847. H. N.
Patterson, 1892.

New Nexico: E. L. Greene, 1880; ; Fendler, no. 679, 1847.

Texas: Havard, no. 1697, 1881.

28. Physalis muriculata Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 1: part 4, 209.

1885.
Perennial from a stout woody tap-root, glandular a
branched from the caudex, 1-3 dm. high; leave es I-3 cm. long, on

petioles of the same length, oblong to ovate-cordate, pd ut

SN muricate; peduncles erect, 2-3 cm. long, in fruit curved, 3-5
m. long, generally as long as or longer than the subtending leaves ;

aly pubescent with short hairs; lobes lanceolate, shorter than

the tube; corolla hairy on the outside, greenish yellow with

brownish. throat; fruiting calyx rounded ovoid, distinctly 16-

angled, reticulate, puberulent, not sunken at the base.

C. C. Parry’s plant, which is the only one collected within the
United States, differs from the typical specimens, in the shorter
peduncles, the ovate more crenate leaves, and more glandular
pubescence. It is, perhaps, distinct, but sufficient material is lack-
ing. P. muriculata is very nearly related to P. Greenet, from which
it differs principally in being a perennial. It connects the peren-
nial Heterophyllae group with the annual Leptophyllae.

Lower California: Ed. Palmer, no. 682, 1889. E. L. Greene,

1885.

California : (River Side) C. C. Parry, 1882.

VIL Stellatae. Perennials from a slender (except in Z. Fendleri) creeping root-
stock; pubescence more or less stellate, at least on the margin of the calyx;
fruiting calyx only Miu angled and seldom sunken at the base; lobes con-
nivent. All the species grow in sandy soil and most of them near the coast.

They intergrade more or less.

29. Physalis mollis Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. (IL) 5: 1

: 1834. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 1o: 66; Syn. Fl. 2: part 1,
236: Couiter, Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 1: 300. Wats. Proc.
Am. Acad. 18: 126.

354

P. tomentosa Dunal in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 436. 1852. Not
Medic.,* nor Walt.+

Perennial from a creeping rootstock, 3-6 cm. high, densely
whitish or grayish tomentose with stellate pubescence; leaves
. rounded cordate or the upper broadly ovate, coarsely sinuately
toothed ; peduncles 2-4 cm. long, in fruit 4-6 cra. and reflexed;
calyx densely stellate, lobes triangular, generally a little shorter
than the tube; corolla 1.5-2 cm. in diameter, bright yellow with
a purplish center, more or less stellate on the outside; anthers
yellow or tinged with purple; fruiting calyx 3-5 cm. long, ovoid,
acuminate, slightly 5-angled and a little sunken at the base.

P. mollis, in its most typical form, as for instance the type
specimens of Nuttall and E. Hall, no. 500, is well distinguished by
its leaves, which are cordate, coarsely angulate-toothed, very
densely white-stellate and of a firm texture. Often, however, the
pubescence is less dense and the broad teeth of the leaves less dis-
tinct and it passes into the first variety. A. A. Heller's no. 1453,
from Texas, has the broad leaves, the large dentation characteristic
of P. mollis, but in the thinness of the leaves, the pubescence and
general habit, resembles more the South American, z. ¢., the typical,
form of P. viscosa. It must be regarded as a form intermediate
between the two.

P. mollis ranges from Arkansas to Mexico. It grows in thickets
and along streams, but rarely near the coast where its place is
taken by P. viscosa. The following specimens have been ex-
amined: RA

Arkansas : Nuttall, 1834 (type); Bigelow, 185 334. G., no. 304
and 326; F. L. Harvey, no. 1, 1881; H. E. Hasse, 1886. om

Texas: Drummond, nos. 205 and 241; Schott; Geo. Thurber,
no. 43, 1850; E. Hall, no. 500, 1872; F. W. Thuron, no. 16, 1890;
Crawford, no. 44, 1892. (A. A. Heller, no. 1453, 1894.)1

Mexico: Gregg, no. 27, 1848-9 ; no. (1 +)$; Bourgeau, no. 112
(in part) 1865-6; J. G. Schaffner, no. 700, 1876+; Edw. Palmer,
no. 948, 1880.

* Act. Acad. Theod. 4: 184. 77. 4. 1780.
+Fl. Car. 99. 1788.

S Approaching var. cinerascens.

355
.^ Physalis mollis cinerascens (Dunal) Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10:
66. 1874. Syn. Fl 2: part 1, 236; Wats. Proc. Am. Acad.

18: 126; Coult., Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 301.

P. Pennsylvanica cinerascens Dunal i in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 435.
1852.

Greener, less pubescent; leaves rounded ovate and less toothed,
abe nearly entire; peduncles generally shorter and fruit some-

Thin EC specimens approach much the broader leaved
forms of P. viscosa, into which it may pass. It is much more
common than the typical P. mollis, and extends farther north, to
Oklahoma Territory, and west to California. The following speci-
mens have been examined:

Indian Territory: Palmer, no. 212, 1868.

Oklahoma Territory: M. A. Carleton, no. 169, 1891.

Texas; Lindheimer, 1848; C. Wright, no. 52; Schott, 1852;
Drummond, 175; E. Hall, no. 502, 1872; Reverchon, 1874;
(Curtiss, no. 2210*), 1880; no. 679, 1882; Jermey, no. 174; Dr.
Havard, no. 171, 172, 173, 175, 1881; Sutton & Hays.

California: Dr. Greggs, 1847 * ; Edwards, 1847 ; Edw. Palmer,
1875.

Mexico: Berlandier, No. 886 and 2316, 1830; Coulter, no.
pow Wislizenus, no. 285, 1847; Mueller, 1855; A. Dugés, no.

12; J. S. Schaffner, 1876; C. C. Parry, 1878; Parry & Palmer,
no. 641 and 648, 1878; Edw. Palmer, no. 949, 1880; Pringle, r no.
148, 1891.

Physalis mollis parvifolia n. v.

Stems from a thicker caudex, slender, diffusely branched;
leaves small, 1-2 cm. long, rounded or cordate, obtusely repand-
dentate ; fruiting calyx small, only 2 cm. or less long.

It resectable a diminutive form of the preceding variety, but
differs, besides in size, by the thick caudex and the more angular
leaves. It is perhaps the ?. /acquini of Dunal, but not the original
one of Link. All specimens seen are from:

Texas: Drummond, no. 190, 1835; Lindheimer, 1842 (type); ~
E. Hall, no. 502 (in part), 1872; Edw. Palmer, no. 2103, 1879;
Girard, no. 135, 1880; (?) Mary Croft, 1880.f

R *' Thin leaved form intermediate between this and Eu viscosa
mens are nearly glabrou with more i cold and suben-

tire leaves and connect this variety with Z. ie deen A A?

Lg

356

7 go. Physalis viscosa L. Sp. Pl. 183. 1753. Ed. 2, 261; Willd.

Sp. Pl. 1: 1021; Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 149; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. 1: 697; Walp. Rep.3: 23; Nees, Linnaea, 6: 457;

Don, Gard. Dict. 4: 448; Sendtn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 10: 129;

Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 66, 1874; Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 236;

Dunal in DC. Prod. 13: part 1,434; Roem. & Sch. Syst. Veg.

4: 672; Wats. & Coult. in Gray, Man. Ed. 6, 376; Coult.

Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 301.

P. Pennsylvanica L. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 1670. 1763. Willd. Sp.
Pl. 1: 1021; Lam. Enc. Meth. 2: 100; Mart. & Gal. Bull. Brux. (V)
12: no. 2; Walp. Rep. 3: 24; Roem. & Sch. Syst. Veg. 4: 673;
PIL POLT C Ga 1: 278.

P. tomentosa Walt. Fl. Car. 99. 1788. Not Medic.* Darby,
Bot. 26. St. 451.

P. Walteri Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phil. 7: 112. 1834. Don, Gard.
Dict. 4: 448; Walp. Rep. 5: 26; Eat. & Wr. N. A. Bot. 357.

P. nutans J. F. Gmelin Syst. 2: part 1, 382.

Alkekengi fissum Moench, Meth. 2: 472. 1794.

Perennial from a slender creeping rootstock, slender, creeping,
cinereous with a dense stellate pubescence or in age rarely
glabrate ; leaves elliptic, oval or ovate, obtuse, thinnish, entire or
undulate, in the typical South American form often cordate at the
base, but rarely so in our plant; peduncles 1-2 cm. long; calyx
stellate, lobes triangular, generally shorter than the tube; corolla
greenish yellow with a darker center, 1.5-2 cm. in diameter ; fruit-
ing calyx 2-3 cm. long, rounded ovoid, Pa sunken at the
base; berry orange or yellow.

P. viscosa grows on the sea beaches or in sand near the coast.
Its range extends from Virginia (?) to the Argentine Republic.
The South American specimens generally have rather thinner
and broader leaves, which are often somewhat sinuate. Specimens
collected by A. A. Heller in Texas, no. 1453, 1894, are inter-
mediate between the southern form and P. mollis. Narrower
leaved forms pass into the variety.

North Carolina : Curtis.

Georgia: Curtis. —

Florida : Wm.. M. Canby, 1869 and 1889; Edw. Palmer,
no. 375, 1874; Curtiss, no. 2210, 18705 no. ABAD LaL ; J. Don- Don-

* Act. Acad. Theod. 4 : 184. 27. 4. due

Vii reti iiem i m

357

Mexico : Parry & Palmer, no. 648, 1878.
Bolivia : Miguel Bang, 969, 1891.
Paraguay: Morong, no. 1532, 1888-00; H. Parker.

Physalis viscosa maritima (Curtis).

P. Pennsylvanica Dunal in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 435. 1852.
Not Linn.

? P. lanceolata Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. 1: 278. 1817. Darl. Fl.
Cest. 139. Darby, Fl So. St. 451; Wood, Class Book, 299,
1845; 447, 1855. Not Michx.

P. pubescens Eng. & Gray, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 5: 227. 1845.
Not Linn.

P. maritima Curtis, Am. Jour. Sci. (IL) 1: 407. 1849. Bot.
Zeit.8: 530; Walp. Ann. 3: 155.

? P. Jacquini Link, Enum. Hort. Ber. 1: 180, ex. Nees,

P. viscosa Jacquini Don, Gard. Dict. 4: 448. 1838.

P. viscosa spathulacfolia Gray Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 66. (In
part), 1874. Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 236; Coult. Cont. U. S. Nat.
Herb. 2: 301; Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 18: 126. Not P. Pennsyl-
vanica spathulacfolia Torr.*

Leaves spatulate to oblong, gradually tapering into the petiole,
often thickish and of a firm texture.

This was included by Gray in P. viscosa spathulacfolia, but differs
from the original P. Pennsylvanica spathulacfolia Torr., or P. Elliotti,
in the texture of the leaves, the dense pubescence and the form of
the calyx, which in the latter resembles an inverted truncate cone.
Sea coasts from North Carolina to Texas.

North Carolina: Dr. Havard, 1880; G. McCarthy, no. 179,
1883. >

Florida: Canby, 1869; Edw. Palmer, no. 37, 1874; Curtiss,
1875; J. H. Simpson, no. 563,* 1892 (in part); G. V. Nash, no. 198
and 1049, 1894; Miss McFarland; A. A. Baldwin, 18934
7 Bat Mex Bond 153. 1859.

TApproaching Z. viscosa.

1A thin-leaved form.

EE,

358

‘Texas: Lindheimer, no. 136, 1842-43 (type of P. maritima
Curtis) ; Drummond, nos. I and : 57, 1853; Edw. Palmer, no. 945,
1879.

31. Physalis Fendleri Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 66. 1874. Syn.

Fl. 2: part 1, 236; Coulter, Man. Rocky Mts., 270.

P. mollis Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 153. (In part.) 1859. Not

Nutt.

Perennial from a deep fleshy rootstock, 3-6 dm. high, much
branched, finely puberulent, often somewhat stellate, especially on
the calyx; leaves small, 1-4 cm. long, deltoid, ovate-lanceolate or
somewhat cordate, more or less deeply sinuately toothed, acute;
peduncles shorter than the petioles, 5-10, orsometimes 20 mm. long
lobes of the calyx triangular, about the length of the tube; co-
rolla yellow with a brown center, about 1 cm. in diameter; fruit-
ing calyx rounded ovoid, obscurely angled, 2-3 cm. in diameter;
berry yellow.

On dry plains and in rocky places, from southern Colorado
and Arizona to Mexico. The following specimens have been ex-

Colorado: T. S. Brandegee, 1871 and 1877; Engelmann, 1874;
Crandall, 1892; Miss A. Eastwood, 1892.

New Mexico: Fendler, no. 683, 1847 (mainly, type); Thurber,
no. 224, 1851; Wright, no. 1599, 1851-2; Bigelow (Mex. Bound.
Surv.), nos. 1 and 2, 1857; C. C. Parry, 1867 ; Rusby, no. 756.

Arizona: H H. Rusby, 1883; LG Lemmon, no. 2849, 1882;
1893; M. E. Jones, no. 6059, 1894.

Mexico: Schaffner, no. 698, 1876; Parry and Palmer, no. 642,
1878; Edw. Palmer, no. 94, 1889. H

Physalis Fendleri cordifolia Gray, Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 395 (in the
first edition, 1878; but not in the second).

Leaves much larger, more cordate and less deeply sinuately
toothed.

More hairy specimens approach on one hand P. mollis and on
the other P. hederacfolia Palmeri and the smoother ones P. crassi-
folia cardiphylla. The variety cordifolia extends a little further
northwest than the true P. Fendlert.

Colorado : Brandegee, 1873; E. L. Greene; C. E. Bessey, 1886.

Utah: Edw. Palmer, nos. 363 and 369, 1877 (type).

Arizona: Edw. Palmer, no. 363; M. E. Jones, no. 6059, 1894.

359

New Mexico: Fendler, nos. 678 and 683 (in part), 1847; Geo.
R. Vasey.

California : J. G. Cooper, 1860-61.

Mexico : C. C. Parry, 1878.

> 32. Physalis fuscomaculata De Rouville; DC. Prod. 13: part 1,

437. T1952.

Perennial, decumbent or ascending, greener than the rest of
the stellate species; stems terete with decurrent ridges, a little
pruinose-stellate; leaves small, 2-4 cm. long, ovate, somewhat

oblique at the base, entire or repand, the upper often opposite;
peduncles 1-3 cm. long, longer than the petioles and in fruit often
as long as the leaves; calyx pruinose, a little stellate, on the
margins stellate-ciliate; lobes triangular, shorter than the tube;
corolla yellow with a dark spot; fruiting calyx subglobose, 10-
angled, somewhat sunken at the base.

P. fuscomaculata has been regarded as a form of P. viscosa,
which it comes nearest, but it differs in the pubescence and in its
more branched habit and greener hue. It has somewhat the same
relation to P. viscosa as P. Fendleri, or rather the var. cordifolia,
has to P. mollis. It is a native of South America and, as far as I
know, has been collected but once within the United States, viz.,
by C. Mohr, no. 27, in 1891, at Mobile, Ala., where it was growing
among ballast. Mr. Mohr's specimens resemble perfectly speci-
mens distributed by Cosson. These are from France, where the
plant is introduced into the botanic gardens.

> 83. Physalis Elliotti Kunze in Linnaea, 20: 33. 1847. Walp.
Ann. 1: 529; Dunal in DC. Prod. 13: part I, 439.

? P. lanceolata El. Bot. S. C. and Ga. 1: 278. 1817.

P. Pennsylvanica spathulaefolia Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. Surv.

152. 1859.

E P. viscosa spathulaefolia Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 66, and
| Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 335 (in part). Coult. Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb.
2: 301, in part.

Rootstock slender and creeping ; plant often perfectly smooth,
except the margins of the calyx-lobes, rarely sparingly stellate
when young; leaves very thin and veiny, oblong, spatulate,
broadly oblanceolate or in luxuriant specimens (as, for instance,
one in J. Donnell Smith's herbarium) broadly oval, entire or wavy,
decurrent into a winged petiole ; peduncles 2-3 cm. long, slender,
erect, but in fruit reflexed and often 5 cm. long; calyx generally

360

smooth, except the margin, which is stellate;* lobes triangular ;
corolla 1 22-2 cm. in diameter, yellow with dark centre; fruiting
calyx generally a little shorter than in the next species.
Specimens of this have been labelled P. lanceolata or P. viscosa
spathulaefolia. The form of the calyx,which is nearly perfectly gla-
brous except on the margin, places this nearest to P. angustifolia
into which it grades. The leaves often resemble in form those of ?.
viscosa maritima, from which they differ in texture and pubescence.
The stellate species grade more or less into each other and it is
difficult to draw the lines between them, but as far as this is con-
cerned, the nearest relationship is with P. angustifolia, and if not
regarded as a species it should be placed as a variety of that plant
rather than of P. vescosa. The following specimens have been ex-

Florida : A. P. Garber, 1876; J. H. Simpson, 1889; Chapman,
1887 ; Kugel, 1843 (type); Dr. Hulse; Dr. Leavenworth ; J. Don-
nell Smith, 1880+; A. P. Garber (in U. S. Nat. Herb.), 18761;
Blodgett (in Columbia Coll. Herb.)$; Edw. Palmer, 376, 1874.

Texas: Schott, no. 30, 1853 (type of P. Pennsylvanica var.
spathulacfolia Torr.).

34. Physalis angustifolia Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phil. 7: 113. 1834.
Don, Gard. Dict. 4: 448; Walp. Rep. 3: 27; Gray, Proc. Am.
Acad. 10: 67; Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 236; Dunal in DC. Prod. 13:
part 1, 451; Eat. & Wr. N. A. Bot. 357; Wood, Bot. &
Flor. 263; Chapman, Fl. So. St. 350.

Rootstock slender, long and creeping; stem diffuse and
branched, angled. Plants is im perfectly smooth, except on the
margins of the calyx-lobes, rarely sparsely stellate all over when
young; leaves linear or linear-oblanceolate, tapering into the
petiole, von thickish ; veins, except the mid-rib, generally obso-
lete; peduncles 2-3 cm. long, ‘filiform, generally erect, in fruit 4-5
cm. long ir reflexed ; calyx smooth, except the stellate ciliate
margins of the rounded triangular lobes; corolla about 2 cm. in
diameter, yellow with purple centre, anthers yellow; fruiting calyx

*This does not agree with Kunze’s description, which gives it as hairy. The
specimens in the Torrey Herbarium are in fruit, but there is no indication of hairi-
ness except the stellate margin.

+ Very broad-leaved forms.

t Broad-leaved form approaching P. viscosa maritima.

$ Form connecting it with P. angustifolia,

URS se EE et Ee WEE rn

Re ee > — ———-

361

small, 117-2 cm., ovate, obscurely angled and scarcely sunken at
the base.

P. angustifolia grows on the beach or in sand near the coast.
It ranges from Florida to Louisiana, but is most common on the
Florida “ keys."

Florida: Curtiss, no. 175, 1880, no, 2212; Chapman, no. 672,
etc.; Bennett; Simpson, no. 249, 1891 ; Rafinesque (labelled Onzstis
nutans Raf.), no. 895, 1816-36; N. A. Ware (Nuttall's type ).

Mississippi: S. M. Tracy, 1891.

Louisiana: Ingalls, 1835; A. B. Langlois, no. 109, 1895.

Alabama : C. Mohr, 1868.

VIII. Versicolores : Perennials from a stout root ; fruiting calyx decidedly 1o-angled,
reticulate, open, lobes short, not connivent; flowers yellowish with a dark center,
in age turning bluish; leaves not fleshy.

| 35. Physalis versicolor Rydberg, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 22: 307.

1895.

Finely pubescent, in age glabrate; stem from a stout perennial
root, much branched, at first erect but later spreading, slender, ob-
tusely angled ; lower leaves reniform-cordate, the upper ovate, all
more or less oblique at the base, sinuately toothed, 2-4 cm. long,
on slendér petioles which are generally a little longer than the
blade ; peduncles slender, about the length of the petioles; calyx-
lobes triangular-ovate, shorter than the tube; flowers about I cm.
wide, yellow or drab with brown spots in the center, turning bluish
in drying; fruiting calyx thin, ovoid-cylindrical, reticulate, decid-
edly 10-angled, 2.5—3.5 cm. long, generally open at the mout

The specimens collected. within the United States are more
erect, and have larger leaves and fruiting calyces than the Mexi-
can. Rare within the United States.

New Mexico: C. Wright, 1851( Mo. Bot. Gard. Herb.).

Arizona : 'Treadwell, 1879 (Cal. Acad. Sci.).

Mexico, Guaymas : Ed. Palmer, 621 and 622*, 1887.

Physalis versicolor microphylla Rydberg, Bull. Torr. Bot.
Club, 22: 307. 1895. :
Like the species, but leaves only about 1 cm. long, deltoid,

coarsely toothed; peduncles about twice the length of the leaves;

fruiting calyx nearly spherical, 1.5 cm. long, tinged with purple.

Mexico, Guaymas : Ed. Palmer, no. 94, 1887 (herbaria of J.
Donnell Smith, Columbia College, Professor Greene, etc.).

* No. 622 is not typical.

"vw

362

IX, Crassifoliae : Low branched perennials, from a stout caudex; fruiting calyx
reticulate, open, lobes not connivent ; flowers yellow, seldom with a dark center;
leaves more or less fleshy.

, 36. Physalis crassifolia Benth. Bot. Sulph. 40. 1844. Walp. Rep.

NJ

6: 574; Dunal in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 443; Gray, Proc. Am.
Acad: ro: 66; Syn. Fl. 2: part 1, 235; Bot. Calif. x: $41;
Vasey & Rose, Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. r: 74 and 1: 133;
Coville, Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 4: 167. :

P. cardiophylla Newberry, Bot. Ives. Exp. 23. 1860.

Stems spreading from a perennial caudex, much branched;
branches often spreading, minutely puberulent ; leaves small, blade
about 2 cm., ovate, deltoid or cordate, oblique at base, often repand,
more or less fleshy, on petioles of the same length; peduncles
about as long as the leaves; calyx-lobes short, triangular; corolla
115—2 cm. in diameter; fruiting calyx 2-3 cm. long, 5—10-angled,
reticulate and generally open at the mouth, sometimes tinged with
purple, much resembling that of P. versicolor.

It grows in dry regions from Texas to California and Mexico.
Specimens examined :

Texas: Wright, 1848.

Arizona: E. Palmer, no. 431, 1876; E. S. Clark, 1886; Engel-
mann, 1880; Lemmon, no. 483, 1881.

California: Vasey, 1880; C. R. Orcutt, no. 2192, 1890; 1894;
1889; Coville & Funston, nos. 214 and 976, 1891; S. B. & W. F.
Parish, no. 16, 1882; S. B. Parish, 1894; no. 3144. 1894 ; Dr. A.
Davidson, 1893; Pis & Lemmon, no. 286, 1876; C. C. Parry,
1875; 1881; 1882 (unusually pubescent. )

Lower California: C. R. Orcutt, 1886; Ed. Palmer, no. 76*,
1890; D. E. Bryant, 1888.

Barrier Island: Newberry in Ives Exped.

Physalis crassifolia cardiophylla (Torr.) Gray, Syn. Fl. 2: part

1,235. 1978

P. cardiophylla 'Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. Surv. 153. 1859.

P. pubescens Wats. Bot. King's Exp. 5: 274. 1871.

Leaves larger, 3-5 cm. long, thinner and more decidedly cor-
date, plant generally more upright and sometimes more hairy,
approching P. Fendleri cordifolia, but grades into the species. Co-
ville & Funston's no. 976, has the leaves of this variety but the
general habit of crassifolia.

* With oval leaves and larger. calyx. Xe

963

The following are the specimens examined :

Utah: S. Watson (King's Exp.), no. 940, 1869 (labelled P.

Nevada: P. W. Davis, 1880.

Arizona : Ed. Palmer, 1276; Wheeler, 1871.

California : Maj. Thomas, nos. 1, 2; Coville & Funston, no.
976; 1891; Bigelow in Whipple's Exp., 1854 ; G. R. Vasey, 1881 ;
C. C. Parry; M. E. Jones, no. 3854, 1884; Schott, no. 2, 1855;
S. B. Parish, 1880; Ed. Palmer, 1869.

Lower Califoruia: Ed. Palmer, 1869.

Mex. Bound. Surv., Schott, no. 1025.

Mexico: C. E. Lloyd, no. 434, 1894.

37. Physalis hastata n. sp.

(?) P. crassifoha Brandegee, Proc. Cal. Acad. (II) 2: 190.
1889.

P. glabra Brandegee, Proc. Cal. Acad. (II) 2: 190. 1889.

: 166: TS LOT: 272: 1990.

Like the last, but more slender, perfectly smooth, branching
nearly at right angles; de lanceolate, oblique at the base, often
more or less hastate, 3-5 cm. long, longer than the petioles; ped-
uncles generally longer ge the petioles, but shorter than the
leaves ; PS calyx more ovate and shorter, otherwise as in 7.
crassifolia olia

I cn not seen the type specimens of P. g/aóra Benth.* Speci-
mens collected by L. J. Xantus (no. 85, 1860) at Cape Lucas,
Lower California, the type locality of P. glabra Benth., differ from
P. hastata in the fruiting calyx, which is much smaller, scarcely
reticulate and has connivent calyx lobes. All these characters
agree with Bentham's description. :

Mexico. Lower California: T. S. Brandegee, no. 422, 1890 (at
Todos Santos, which is not far from the U. S. boundary).

$ 2. MICROPHYSALIS.

Perennials from a stout caudex, hirsutely glandular Pe es
fruiting calyx small, not angled, scarce lobes

not connivent, as long as the tube or longer. (One species ap-
proaches Athenaea in the structure of the calyx.)

* Bot, Sulph. 39. 1844.

964

// 38. Physalis microphysa Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 402. 1886.

Stem 2-4 cm. high, from a perennial root, branched ; leaves

calyx about 4 mm. long; lobes lanceolate, in fruit even often
longer than the tube; corolla about I cm. in diameter; fruiting
calyx only about 1 cm. long, open at the mouth.
It has not as yet been collected within the United States.
Mexico. Chihuahua: C. G. Pringle, nos. 116, 317, 1885.

$ 3. MEcisTA.

Flowers in Bin limb more distinctly 5-lobed ; plant tall, hir-
sute or glabra
. 39. Physalis PORN 1.59; PL-183..1753. Ed, 2.2062: Willd.
! Sp. Pl. 1: 1022; Don, Gard. Dict. 4: 448 ; Gmelin, Syst. 2:
part 1, 381; Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 697 ; Dunal in DC. Prod.
I3: part 1, 438; Walp. Rep. 3: 23; Gray, Syn. Fl. 2: part
1, 233; Eat. Man. Ed. 4, 350; Ed. 3. 300; Roem. & Seh.
Syst. Veg. 4: 673; Wood, Class Book, 447, 1855; 579,
1863; Bot. & Flor. 263.
P. Halicacabum Crantz, Inst. 2: 370. 1766. Scop. Fl. Car. Ed. 2,
ID. 1972
Megista maxima Tourr. in Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon (IL) 17: 115.

69.
Alkekengi officinarum Moench, Meth. Suppl. 177.

Tall, 72—1 m., strict, from a creeping rootstock ; leaves broadly
deltoid, acute at both ends, repand or angularly toothed ; peduncles
about 5-10 mm,., erect, in fruit reflexed ; fruiting calyx obtusely 5-
angled, retuse at base, often colored red; berry red.

It is a native of Europe and Asia; oien cultivated for its fruit
and sometimes escaped from cultivation, as for example :

New Jersey: Conrad.
Pennsylvania : 1. Martindale, 1866; 1886.
Delaware : À. Commons, no. 2213, 1885.

“3. Quincula Raf.

QUINCULA Raf. Atl. Journ. 145. 1832.

A low and diffuse, sparsely scurfy-granuliferous herb from a
stout perennial root. Leaves from sinuate to pinnatifid, somewhat
fleshy. Peduncles most commonly in pairs from the axils of the
leaves, sometimes solitary or in fascicles of 3-5. Calyx campanu-

=

965

late, Poser in pri depu sharply 5-angular and reticulate,
enclosing the t; lobes connivent; corolla flat, rotate, penta-
gonal in parame veiny, os or purplish ; anthers opening by
a longitudinal slit. Seeds comparatively few, kidney-shaped, some-
what flattened, with thick margin, rugose-tuberculate

The genus is represented by only one species, which has gener-
ally been included in Physalis, but it is so different from all the
other species of that genus that it is better regarded as a dis-
tinct type. It was regarded as such by Rafinesque, but his de-
scription is faulty. As he, however, cites Physalis lobata Torr.
as the type of the genus, his generic name must be taken up.
Dr. Gray made it a section under the name of Chamae-
physalis. Quincula differs from Physalis by the form and color of
the corolla, by the different habit and by the seeds.

I. Quincula lobata (Torr.) Raf. Atl. Journ. 145. 1832.

Physiis lobata Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 226. 1827. Mex.
Bound. 152; Rothrock, Wheeler's Exp. 208; Gray, Proc. Am.
Acad. 10:547 Bot. Cal. 1: 541; Syn: PL 4, part 1; 233; Eat.
and Wr. N. A. Bot. 357; Porter & Coulter, Syn. Fl. Colo., 110;
Holz. Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 1: 212; Coulter, Man. Rocky Mt.
269 ; Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 299.

P. Sabeana Buckley, Proc. Acad. Phil. 1862: 6. 1862.

Perennial, low, spreading or prostrate, more or less scar
puberulent, stem ur okay angled and striate, much branche
leaves oblanceolate or spatulate to oblong, sinuately toothed or
pinnatifid with rounded lobes, or rarely subentire, cuneate at the
iie tapering into a margined petiole, thickish and v einy; pedun-

2-5 cm., in fruit reflexed; calyx-lobes triangular, acute,
Ebr than the tube; corolla ‘purplish, 2-3 dm. in diameter;
anthers yellow, tinged with purple; fruiting calyx about as wide as
long, sharply 5-angled, sunken at the base.

Common on the high plains, at the base of the Rocky
Mountains, extending from Kansas to California and Mexico.
Specimens from about 80 localities examined.

4. Leucophysalis.

A tall erect viscid and villous annual, with entire leaves, decur-
rent on the petiole. Peduncles generally in fascicles of 2-4 from
axils of the leaves. Calyx campanulate, 5-lobed, at first a little in-
flated, but soon filled with and closely fitted to the berry, thin,
neither angled nor ribbed, faintly veiny, open at the mouth,

966

lobes exceeding the fruit. Corolla rotate, white, sometimes tinged
with purple and generally ochroleucous or yellow in the center,
3-4 cm. in diameter; limb plicate. Stamens inserted near the
base of the corolla; filaments long and slender, anthers oblong,
opening by a longitudinal slit. Style and stigma as in Physalıs.
Seeds kidney-shaped, flattened, punctate.

Only one species, hitherto included in Physalis, but all the
characters of the corolla, as well as most of those of the calyx,
point towards Chamaesaracha. The fruiting calyx however ex-
eeds the fruit, and is, according to Prof. C. F. Wheeler, somewhat
inflated at first. It is, however, never angled or ribbed as in
Physalıs.

1. Leucophysalis grandiflora ( Hook).

Physalis grandiflora Hook, Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 90. 1834. Gray,
Man. Ed. 5, 381: Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 63; Syn. Fl. 2: part 1,
233; Perkins, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 15: 219. Wats. & Coult.
in Gray, Man. Ed. 6, 375.

Erect, tall, 13-1 m. high; stem somewhat angled, striate, more
or less villous ; leaves large, 10-20 cm. long, broadly ovate to lan-
ceolate-ovate, generally acute and entire, decurrent on the petiole,
more or less villous and viscid, especially on the veins of the
lower surface; peduncles several from each axil, short, 114-2 cm.
long, villous; calyx villous; lobes lanceolate, equalling the tube ;
corolla large, 3-4 cm. in diameter, rotate, white with a more or less
yellowish center; filaments slender; anthers short, yellow, often
tinged with purple; fruiting calyx ovoid, early filled with the

r

From Lake Champlain and the St. Lawrence to Saskatchewan
and Minnesota, according to Gray, “springing up in new clear-
ings." Specimens examined:

Michigan : C. F. Wheeler, 1880; 1890; Sherman ; Dr. Robbins,
no. I81, 1863; J. W. Robbins no. 165, 1863.

Wisconsin: J. H. Sandberg, 1887; 1890.

Minnesota : J. H. Sandberg, nos. 201 and 1070, 1891; 1890; E.
P. Sheldon, no. 2605, 1892; G. B. Aiton, 1891; F. F. Woods,
1889; Otto Lugger, 1891 ; L. H, Bailey, no. 242, 1886.

Canada: Hooker (?); Macoun no. 1417, 1873; Geo. G. Ken-
nedy, 1892. Ont. Pursh; J. Macoun, 1863, J. M. Macoun, 1884.

Vermont (Providence Island, Lake Champlain): G. H. Perkins,
1888.

Saskatchewan : Bourgeau, 1857-8.

|
E
E
E
|

|

|

DH

367

5. Chamaesaracha Gray.

CHAMAESARACHA Gray, Bot. Cal. 1: 540. 1876.

Perennials with entire to pinnatifid leaves, decurrent on the
petiole; peduncles solitary,or in fascicles of 2-4 from the axils of the
leaves; calyx campanulate, 5-lobed, in fruit somewhat enlarged,
but not bladdery-inflated, close-fitting to the berry, thin, not
angled, not ribbed, and faintly if at all veiny, open at the mouth,
not exceeding the berry; corolla rotate, white or ochroleucous,
often tinged with purple; limb plicate; stamens inserted near the
base of the corolla; filaments long and slender; anthers oblong,
opening by a longitudinal slit; style and stigma as in Physalis.
Seeds kidney-shaped, flattened, rugose-favose or punctate.

Chamaesaracha is an exclusively North American genus, con-
sisting of half a dozen species, all, except one, natives of Mexico
and southwestern United States.

I. Plant erect; leaves entire ; seeds punctate ; a low canescent-strigose herb from a
perennial rootstock. I. C. nana

II. Plant diffuse; leaves from crenate to pinnatifid ; seeds rugose-favo

a. Leaves broadly ovate, generally obtuse, crenate; lobes of the ains ond obtuse,
pubescence puberulent and viscid hirsute; berry 8-10 mm. in diameter.

La

A Leaves from obovate-rhombic to linear, subentire to pinnatifid; calyx-lobes triangu-
lar, generally acute; berry 5-8 mm. in diameter,

Pubescence dense, puberulent and hirsute. 3. C. conioides.
Pubescence sparse, puberulent or stellate, hirsute (if at all) only on the calyx.
. Coronopus.

I. Wanae: Low and branching, erect, from a perennial rootstock ; cinereous-stri-
gose with entire leaves; corolla 2 cm. in diameter; calyx-lobes narrow or
nearly subulate, very short; fruiting calyx hemispherical, not exceeding the berry;
seeds finely punctate, thin

I. Chamaesaracha nana Gray, Bot. Cal. 1: 540.1876. Syn. Fl.
2. part 1, 233 1975.

“reed nana Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 62. 1874.

Low than 1 dm. high, grayish strigose, neither glan-
dular nor SE leaves ovate-lanceolate to rhombic, decurrent
on the long petiole, acute, undulate or entire, thickish ; pedun-

nearly subulate, from a broad base, very short; corolla white or
tinged with purple; berry purple (?).

This rare plant grows in the mountain regions of eastern and
northern California.

368

California: Lemmon, no. 229, 1875; Bolander; Kellogg &
Harford, no. 719, 1868-9; Geo. Engelmann, 1880; Michener &
Bioletti, 1893; Mrs. Austin, 1875.

IL Coeronmopoaes:; Diftuse or spreading perennials, with more or less crenate lobed or
pinnatifid leaves; calyx-lobes ovate or triangular, not longer than the tube ; fruit-
ing calyx not exceeding the berry; corolla 1-2 cm. in diameter; seeds thickish,
rugose-favose.

2. Camaesaracha crenata n. sp.

C. Coronopus Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 18: 126 (in part), 1883.
Not Gray.

Much branched from a perennial base, stouter than the two
following; stem 2-4 dm. long, terete or slightly obtusely angled,
more or less puberulent, or slightly stellate and hirsute with flat

coarsely and irregularly crenate, puberulent and hirsutely ciliate
on the margin and the prominent veins; blade 3-4 cm. long,
decurrent on a petiole of about the same length ; peduncels often
in pairs, 4-6 cm. long; calyx generally more hirsute and visci
than the rest of the plant; lobes ovate, obtuse, about equalling the
tube; corolla rer smaller than in the next; berry com-
paratively large, 8-10 mm. in diameter, about 50-seeded.*

It is nearest BE to P. contoides, but differs in its stouter
habit, larger berries, ovate obtuse calyx-lobes, and the short and
broad leaves. The following specimens have been examined:

Mexico : Edw. Palmer, no. 923, 1880 (U. S. Nat. Herb., type).

Texas: Bigelow (Mex. Bound. Sur., Rio Grande, 40 miles be-
low San Elcearis. Specimen in the Torrey Herbarium).

New Mexico: C. Wright, no. 1598, 4851—2(?).t

*Another similar species is found in Central Mexico, which has the following
characters :

CHAMAESARACHA VILLOSA n. Sp.

Stem slender and striate, boue more than 4 dm, long; the whole plant vil-
lous with branching hairs, especially on the calyx and the upper part of the stem ;
leaves rhombic-ovate, sinuately toothed and decurrent on the petiole; corolla small,

mm, in diameter; calyx-lobes triangular, acute; berry small, about 5 mm. in
P Rn containing atii half a dozen seeds.

Mexico, State of Coahuila; Edw. Palmer, no. 924, 1880 (U. S. Nat. Herb. and

Columbia College).

1 Undeveloped specimen.

d

ERST rn EE ` E

369

3. Chamaesaracha conioides (Moricand) Britton, Mem. Torr.

Bot. Club, 5: 287. 1895.

Solanum conioides Moric.; Dunal, in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 64.
1852.

Withania (?) sordida Dunal,in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 456. 1852,
Torr. Mex. Bound. 155.

Solanum Linsecumit Rea in Proc. Acad. Philad. 1862: 6.
1863.

Saracha sordida Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 62. 1874.

Chamaesaracha sordida Gray, Bot. Cal. 1: 540. 1876. Syn. Fl.
2: part I, 232; J. T. Rothrock in Wheeler's Exped. 208, 1878;
Holzinger in Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 1: 212: Coulter, Cont. U. S.
Nat. Herb. 2: 299.

Chamaesaracha Coronopus Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 18: 126, in
part. 1883. Not Gray.

Much branched from a perennial base, at first upright, at length
spreading, cinereous-puberulent with short branched somewhat
ulate or viscid hairs, generally also viscidly hirsute or villous
with long and branched hairs, especially on the calyx; leaves ob-
lanceolate to obovate-rhombic, generally acutish and tapering
into a short petiole, generally deeply lobed, but varying from sub-
entire to pinnatifid; calyx-lobes triangular, generally acutish ;
corolla about I cm. in diameter,* white or ochroleucous, some-

times violet purplish ; berry from 5-8 cm. in diameter.

C. conioides grows on dry clayey soil from southern Kansas to
California and Mexico. The most common form is very hirsute,
often glandular viscid, but not at all stellate. The leaves are gen-
erally spatulate or broadly oblanceolate, and more or less lobed.
To this form may be referred the following specimens:

Kansas: Gurney, 1891.

Oklahoma Territory: M. A. Carleton, no. 211, 1891.

Colorado : C. S. Crandall, 1892.

Texas: Bigelow, 1851 (Mex. Bound. Surv.); Schott, no. 4-7,
1851 (Mex. Bound. Surv.); 1852; Thurber, no. 185, 1851; G. R.
Vasey, 1881; J. Reverchon, no. 67b, 1882; M. E. Jones, no.

* Specimens collected by Edw. Palmer (no. 921 and 922, 1880) in Mexico,have
flowers 2-214 cm. in diameter. These are more robust and have also larger leaves,
more decidedly rhombic in outline and lobed only above the middle, resembling the
more entire leaves of Verbena officinalis. It may be distinct,but the material seen is
insufficient.

Po E M
EIU JUS

NI

370

3704, 1884; Mary Croft, no. 75, 1885-6; Reverchon (Curtiss, no.
2105).

New Mexico: C. Wright, no. 533, 1849; no. 1596, 1851-2;
: W. B. Pease; E. L. Greene, 1877; H. H. Rusby, no. 303, 1880;
Dr: E. A. ARR no. 119, 1892.

Arizona: C. G. Pringle, 1884.

California: C. C. Parry, no. 3, 1852 (Mex. Bound. Surv.).

Mexico : Dr. Gregg, 1847; Dr. Edwards; E. L. Greene, 1880.

This form agrees very well with the description of Withania
sordida Dunal, but a fragment of the type (Berlandier, no. 2076)
is in the Torrey Herbarium, and this belongs rather to the less
hirsute and more stellate form, which approaches C. Coromofus.
This form has also generally narrower and less lobed, sometimes
subentire, leaves. It served, if I mistake not, as the types from
which the descriptions of Solanum comoides Dunal and S. Lin-
secum? Buckley were drawn. It is represented by the following:

Texas: C. Wright, no. 531, 1849; J. Reverchon, no. 676,
1891; V. Havard, 1883; Buckley, 1875 (S. Linsecumit).

Arizona: Rothrock, no. 471, 1874 (Wheeler's Exp.).

Mexico: Berlandier, no. 2076 (Withania sordida Dunal); E.
Palmer, No. 926, 1880 (in part).

4. Chamaesaracha Coronopus (Dunal) Gray, Bot. Cal. 1: 540.
1876. Syn. Fl 2: part 1, 232 and 436; J. T. Rothrock,
Wheeler's Exp. 208; Coult. Cont. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 299;
Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 18: 126 (in part).

Solanum Coronopus Dunal in DC. Prod. 13: part 1, 64. 1852.

Withania Coronopus Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. Surv. 155; Porter
& Coulter, Syn. Fl. Colo. 110.

Saracha Coronopus Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 62. 1874.

(?) Saracha acutıfolia Miers, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1849, acc.
to Gray, Bot. Cal. 1: 540.

Branched and diffuse from a perennial base; stem obtusely
angled; pubescence on the stem and leaves more or less roughish
pruinose or stellate, often scarcely any ; on the calyx stellate or
sometimes hirsute ; leaves linear or lanceolate, tapering at the base,
more or less sinuately lobed, occasionally subentire, sometimes
pinnatified ; calyx- dabei triangular, acute; corolla white or ochro- `
leucous, the appendages of the throat often protuberent; berry
5-8 mm. in diameter, nearly white.

SEE VC S TN

don

|. LÉ hae ee Ash uio à tr uns pe

371.

C. Coronopus grows in clayey soil from Kansas to Utah, Cali-
fornia and Mexico. It is very variable and the more hairy forms
grade into the less hirsute ones of the preceding. In the typical
form the pubescence is sparse or nearly none, and the lobes of the
leaves are short.

Texas: Wright, no. 534, 1849; Mex. Bound. Surv. no. 1036;
Bigelow, 1852 (Mex. Bound. Surv.); Lindheimer, no. 484, 1847-8 ;
Reverchon, no. 1569; E. Hall, no. 496, 1872; Edw. Palmer, no.
920, 1880; A. A. Heller, no. 1647, 1894; Dr. V. Havard, no. 166,
1881; W. Garret, 1881.

Colorado: T. S. Brandegee, 1872.

New Mexico: Fendler, 675, 1847; C. Wright, no. 1593, 1852;
M. E. Jones, no. 4147, 1884; E. L. Greene, 1880.

Arizona: Dr. E. A. Mearns, no. 214, 1884; McDougal, no.
524, 1891; Mrs. RW Hoyt, 1893; CG Pringle, 1883.

Utah: Capt. Bishop, 1872; Mrs. Thompson, no. 144, 1872.

California: W. F. Parish, 1884.

Mexico : Berlandier, no. 3023; Thurber, no. 730, 1852; Parry
& Palmer, no. 653, 1878 (in part); Edw. Palmer, no. 926 (in part),
927 & 928, 1880.

The most striking of the different forms of this species is a
very low (1 dm. high or less) and bushy one, more stellate-pubes-
cent and with much smaller leaves which are pinnatifid with very
narrow lobes. It is represented by the following:

Texas: C. Wright, no. 534, 1849; Bigelow, 1852 (Mex.
Bound. Surv.). |

New Mexico: C. Wright, no. 1594, 1851-2; Rusby, no. 302,
1880.

Mexico: Dr. Gregg; Parry & Palmer, no. 653 (in part) 1878.

6. Oryctes Wats.

Oryctes Wats. Bot. King's Exp. 274. 1871.

Low, viscid-puberulent annual, with entire undulate leaves.
Calyx campanulate, 5-cleft, with lobes longer than the tube, in
fruit enlarged, membranaceous, but not inflated, closely fitting the
fruit, neither ribbed nor angled, faintly veined. Corolla tubular
with five short lobes, yellowish or purple. Stamens inserted be-
low the middle of the tube, included, unequal, with very short an-
thers opening by a longitudinal slit. Fruit nearly dry, light

372

colored. Seeds nearly orbicular, very flat, faveolate-reticulate
with a thin membranaceous margin

Oryctes consists of one species, discovered and described by
Dr. Watson. The original collection lacked specimens in good
fruit, and his description is a little imperfect. Good fruiting
specimens have been collected by Shockley, and these show
that the fruiting calyx is enlarged just as much as it is in Chamae-
saracha, which the plant also resembles somewhat in habit, and
that the seeds are wing-margined.

I. Oryctes Nevadensis Wats. Bot. King’s Exp. 274. 1871.

Gray, Syn. FL 2: part I, 232.

Less than 1 dm. high, erect, branched, somewhat scurfy and
viscid-pruinose, a little pilose with flat hairs; leaves ovate, ob-
ovate or lanceolate, decurrent on the petiole, entire, undulate,
somewhat thickish ; flowers in fascicles of 2-4 in the axils of the
leaves, on short peduncles; calyx-lobes lanceolate, obtuse, shorter
than the corolla ; corolla tubular, about 6 mm. long, ochroleucous,
blue or purplish; sinuses induplicate; berry nearly dry, light
colored.

Western Nevada: Watson, no. 941, 1868 (type); Shockley,
1888. :

Index to the Monograph of Physalis and related Genera,

Alicabon Raf. — Physalis L.. .

+... .318| -Carpenteri Riddell = No. 9
Barbadense = P. EE ae EEE 27 x 305, 307, 313, 319; =
Alkekengi ans rn. = KE A E chen (MEES a
ssum zx VINGOSA Ver + 356 re Wild. — Philadel phic
officinarum zap Rodi cc =- PE Alkekingi ITA 307, ea 336, 338
procumbens Moench... =. o Zei ei ie 23 ciliata Sieb. si ucc. = SC pierced 33
pubescens ak — P. Peruviana , ... 0347 ciliosa Rydber = No.
ARENEB a. à: à . «319, 320 | cinerascens H p $e » 342
Athenaea sp. Gray = P. Carpenteri = 314, 330 comata ade = Ne. asl A 321, 350
Ee E Ee ea IT Aes 15 E Benth — No. 36 mM 321, 362
1 crassi d stata NET 363
| CHAMAESARACHA Gray.. . s s+ + « . 315, 367 idiota ro pb vis (Torr.) Gray = No.
| creata n 5] = Noa oy M es . 368 E en E . 362
nen Po Eye £e Mo. d s N 370 digas ifolia Britton =P. hederaefolia 312, 3 51
ie = uA, C. coni- divantaa Don i vor N eo NIE. 317
ER uo eu RACER 306-5 1. 0ubla Gen s c. use... ee EE A
Misa dn ` SC Britton = No.3.... 369 Bici Link = angula. s- e 4. 302, 333
na Gray = No. CAT nn eg Vas + 305, 347
Physaloides ( Greene =Physalis Wright . 39% Ure Kunze — No. e 312, 321, 7
= pa SE = EE „sn 3 esculenta eb. Seet SE
vi es PRONG Pe PA LE ES a qe 368 sum Willd. > ESS ar
Fendleri Gray — No. 31. . . .312, 321, 358
Herschella Bowdich = Physalis. . . . . .. 318| Fendi difolia Gray — No. 31, var.. 358
edulis Bowdich = P. Pane tack pe ue. AUS 347 fuscomaculata De i zNO.34 . 342,359
d Bun datei . (Mex. 1. EE «+303
LrzucorHvsALIS Rydberg .,...,, 315,365| ei N O E 363
grandi M id ed Rydberg I 58 eR MESS 366 frondibus Hook — san PR
Lycopers QU UIS CU uu. el ee 315 "tr E A dE E 313, 314, 366
Greenei Rose = = = No. Tres ed + 304, 319, 329
MARGARANTHUs Schlecht... . . . . . . . . 31 Halica ee rece,
Lennon tray = No.4 ST a hasta! a Ryd o. -2 21, 363
purpurascens Rydberg Gel LE ere huile 317 en jr iuda Cat 3 "312, 313, 32 5 ar
solanaceus Leap ag NO, 2... 316, 3:8 hederarfolia enr — rotundata
tenuis Miers — X ues: 5. 3c s 19 299, 316 he pret xe ylla Nees — No.
Mood iger; Physalis zd he E 314; 318 » 305, 306, 307, 209, 311, 321, 344, 347
Albekeugi. Some . 364 PE pa Evan à bise (Gray) CUR. «in apad Ne
34, VAR, Je eroe UR IQ ae M . » 343» 349
ÖRYCTES Wats. Ce n NR $0.0. 399. QUE heterophylia u umbrosa et ona D VOR US 34
Nevadensis Wats.. e cau tur dU 372 hirsuta Du + + 302, 303, 323
irsuta Marc. & Gal. (Mex ptc quu ee 322
RES Ie. up tv. 5 „ars, E? er hirsuta Barbadensis Dunal = Barbaden-
aequata Jacq. = ixocar, e: 307, 3 308, SÉ . ae st lac ee ere LEE - 326
Alkekengi L. — No. 1. 97, 314, 372, 3 4 hirsuta repando- -dentata’ eier. prui-
Alkekengi digitalifolia | Ea ec x nosa ares D ER obscura. . .324, =
Alkekengi digitalifolia 'Torr. = P. Bode dew sag. m. = minimale
SEEN O ee s e Ee dira 312, 351 = Noi . . 308, 320, 334, 337
BE (Gray) Britton = METER am- Sege Link == (t) HR maritima .
ME Su a us Bee 349| Facguini Dunal — = mollis parvifolia - "355 i
anguiata LL = No d Lagascae Roem ee 6. 319, 328 dg
30 Ap » 311, 320, 332, 333 lanceifolia Nees — =a:
Uni Dos z & Pav REGAT ince 2398 299, 311, 312, 320, 331
angulata E = = Philadelphica (in part) = | lanceolata Ell. == viscosa or en
angulata Walt. = ML 357» 359
angulata Linkiana Gray = angulata lanceolata Gas we = Virginiana Mi
302, 331, 333 5, 307, 399» 343
angulata re = euge qe 6| Zanceolata wech == No.
pes are sur Nut 318, 321 x ao m Fr 310, 320, 341, 343
renaria Nees — es ta 2225255 .333| lanceolata Rosin = Virginiana
eee EON No: MEL 1 airs & T = wir + 343
05, 309, 320, 345 | lanceolata hirta ray — a = pumi!
atriplici Hag oor S Fr 336, 338 ne ts 1, 342
Barbaden ruviana latifolia lanceolata — mons gifolia KE ers 338
lanceolata 2 HET. ydberg = pumila. . .
Barbadensis de af on - ne d ge 305, 347
d = » 319, 322, 325, Gei? aD D Dietr. =
Poriadna SW mé. i ^d memes d )
Obscura .. 2.5.0.5, RENTEN jeptephylla Robinson & Greenman — No.
Mm s obscura == No. 5 VA. e. . + = 299 313, uch
‚Brasiliens Linkiana Nees = angulata . + 302, 311, 333
ACUEQ. 22 RR ...328| Zobata Torr. = Quincula lobata
ie ee Newberry — crassifolia . | . 362 310, 312, 314, 365
one displ iylla = = — cardio- longifolia € == No.
. us 5, 307, 310, 311, 320, 337, 338, 340

374

macrophysa Rydberg — 17
H 00, 310, 320, a pe
aritima Cu urtis — viscosa maritima . GH
megistocarpa € = oo de "e Ca;
microphysa Gra

ER re
minimes Bot Nees, etc. == Lagascae Les oe
minima War. [^ BA ien cou ARE

mollis Nuit, = No. dg. ps. sy ©, 321, 353 |

mollis Tor = oder, $ fendièi 3 > 358
mollis Pride (Dun = Ne

VE A N EE en a H 343. 355

mollis parvifolia do = zz No. > var, =

Neo-Mexicana Ryd Ax a SAA 4. 318,319, 385
nicandroides eis bee Á— ex.) . . 322
nutans in = viscosa . . 301, 356 |
nutans Walt, — = heteroph le 3

Be MM 4

oin Dunal — (?) Man scite am- |
MEE. cvv nC Eoi + 349

RE Michx. — Barbadensis sso |

7, 328

obscura Torr, — i )h FERIEN gei bcr La, 249

obscura pubes s Ponh = = Barbadensis . 326
obscura viscido pubescens Michx. = in-

» Barbaden we 399, 324, 326
evata Poir — Phila Iphica .... 308, 33
Palmeri Gray = hederaefolia.. . . . 312, 351
parviflora R. Br. — minima . , . . . 304, 328
parviflora Lag. = Lagascae . n.. 3% 328
patula Mill. = ae à . 326
pedunculata G = Greenei . . 30 4, 329
pedunculata Mart. "& Gal. (Mex. E + 304, 329 |
ht AA ritima . 357 |

— Virginiana d
»343 | |
Pennsylvanica Gray & Hall — pum ae Fa
Pennsylvanica L. = viscosa , 305, 06, 312, 358 |
|^ owe d gei Willd, = heterophylla la. 346
mnsy mollis
cinerascens 2, 35. |
Pennsylvanica lanceolata Gray nets. ne
309, 310, 341
Pennsylvanica spathulaefolia Torr, = Elli-

GR E E as ace e ds 311
Peruviana L. = No 23 «4 « 43085, s, ^
A a ca an NM uu

a Wal = (T) ad NO VL x
Peruviana "doli ( (Lam. ) Dunal = No.
Philadelphica Lam. — No. e "er
07, 308, Sa m. » LI o
ey ol minor a : ee gos
— Barbade pe^ 327
nose L- = T No. 3 e | SA
02, 303, "308, 309, 319, 324,
pruinosa” eo-Mexicana — - e g
` 32
dete Am. Auth. = ` pruinosa and Ls

e 4L EECH . 326
pubescens R. Br. — Peruviana . š i 347
pubescens Dunal — pruinosa . . . . . v» 394
pubescens Eng. y = viscosa mari-

ima 1... dier - 357
pubescens

= 308, 3 Sede
— st i Coulter — sg eo Mani: "t
pubescens S. Wats — " crassifolia ‘in

y m € Mp s
PA est Wats. & 'Coult. — Lagascae (in

pubescens B. Nees — Barbadensis” and me”
BU Qa. aie esis we een . + 324» 326

pubescens pruinosa — pruinosa and
Barbadensis... ,. .. a o «3M, 316

pumila Nutt, — No. 09, 310, 320, 340» ei?
P umila Sonora e Tow. ei.
wamosa Mill. — pubescens s
Ro —_ Roem. & Sch, = (?) pruinosa or
Br "ox ce sa Ut A er à + 324, 329
Rydberg — « 321, 353
hu Por. = = Quiscida lobata .”. ` 365
Sendtneri if wg He Er EE 314
subulata Rydberg = No. 1... 299, 319, 326
Same Rydberg ax -—No 205 So ws gé s
tomentosa um mellis a ss à e
tomentosa Medic. — Peruviana
3et, ER LH
tomentosa Thunberg . . .. .. : ..
by ete al alt. == viscósa.. . . .. 301, 356
tubero. Perüviana ,.. : , , .
versico Sg vi erg — No. 35. . . 300, 321, éi
MM Segen Sc? Rydberg — A "e
EE tM ia et 2
villosa Mill, Mex) wu,
villosa Roth — (?) pruinosa or Lagasca
^ 328
Virginiana Gray — —
1, 306, 307, 348

e niana Mill, — No.
O1, 305, 306, 307, 308, SH 311, 312, 320, 337,
us » 341, 343
Vırgintana ambigua Gray — heterophylla
(mg |. vd Ic Mar ES
Virginiana intermedia Rydberg — No. -
Vi Masc Gray — ^ heterophy lla |
pv Ell. = en pruinos 2394
fscosa Jac er heterophylia “ "or vis-
cos - 347

ER n Wb
06, 310, 312, 321, 356

viscosa Pursh - = = heierop ylla Re 347
viscosa Facguini Don = seg Jaca. .357
viscosa Pte re (Curtis) Rydberg — No. x

30, Y r, E E cu sas, dee Ee 312, 357
viscosa A Wood — er

| o e P a t + 343
viscosa Neon Gray : = oes

maritima and Elliotti oe à 2, 357» 359
Walteri Nutt. = viscosa Mene 310, 356

Wrightii Gray — No. 16
310, 311, 315, 319, 331, 332
PHYÁALODNS eege

Qumcura Raf.. . 315, 364
lobata (Torr.) Raf.. . . . ... - 331, 365
oe SW Eee em à CNT ee ee
a a ars Ce - 315

Saracha (in pa Chamaesarcha . . 367, 369

ris nid TE (?) C. Coronopus. . , 370
opus (Du ST nn Coronopus „ e
. 7

a Dunst) Gra Cure. "conioides. . . 369
Shen rw diese

peii Moric — C. conioides. . . . . . 369
s Dunal = C. Coronopus . . .379

Lin. sev#mit Buckley — C. conioides . . . . 369
luteiflorum UE doe. —
luteiflorum subintegrifolium Dunal ; . 310

WINE" aie arc LR
Coronopus Torr. = C. ‘Coronopus (Dunal)

Gray ..
n Chapman — Physalis Carpen-
teri. . s

coni-
ie ir teh a hath